考研考博-英語-中國石油大學(xué)（華東）考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國石油大學(xué)（華東）考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Themediahelpdemocracywhentheyprovidemorechoicestomorepeople,buttheydonofavorstodemocracywhentheyturnthemselvesfrombeacons（信號站）oflightintoheat-seekingmissiles.Forexample,thepresident’s1995StateoftheUnionaddresstookmorethananhour,whichapparentlywasaboutahalfhourmorethanthepatienceofmostnetworkcommentators（commentator:personwhocomments）couldtolerate.Intheirinstantanalysisafterthespeech,theyallcriticizeditslengthand“l(fā)ackoffocus’’.Yetjudgingbypollsandtalkshowsthenextday,mostAmericansappearedtoappreciatethecontentofthepresident’sspeech.Todaythemediainvestigatelessandpreachmore……

【答案】當(dāng)媒體為更多的人提供更多的選擇時(shí)，媒體有助于民主政治，而當(dāng)媒體由燈光信號站轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)闊釋?dǎo)導(dǎo)彈時(shí)，媒體將不利于民主政治。比如，總統(tǒng)發(fā)表的1995年國情咨文報(bào)告花了一個(gè)多小時(shí)，這顯然超出了大多數(shù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)評論家（評論員：發(fā)表評論的人）所能承受的大約半小時(shí)的容忍度。演說結(jié)束后，網(wǎng)絡(luò)評論家即時(shí)對演說做出分析，批判演說的長度而且“缺乏重點(diǎn)”。然而，從第二天的民意調(diào)查結(jié)果和現(xiàn)場訪談來看，大多數(shù)美國人似乎很欣賞總統(tǒng)演講的內(nèi)容。當(dāng)今媒體調(diào)查少，宣傳多

2.單選題

Mostgoodwritersuseeverymeansattheirtomakethereader’swaysmoothandeasy.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.will

B.disposal

C.request

D.convenience

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。atwill“任意，隨意”；atone’sdisposal“可自行支配”；atone’srequest“應(yīng)某人請求”；atone’sconvenience“在某人方便時(shí)”。句意：大多數(shù)作家用他們能用的一切方法使讀者的閱讀簡單順暢。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.單選題

Freddoesn’tlikewhitecoffee,nordoesheliketoputcreamonhisstrawberries,becauseheprefersthem______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.natural

B.plain

C.simple

D.ordinary

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.natural自然的；天然的B.plain樸素的；簡單的

C.simple簡單的D.ordinary普通的；平常的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照主句內(nèi)容“弗雷德不喜歡加牛奶的咖啡，也不喜歡在草莓上加奶油”可推知，他喜歡吃原滋原味的食物，plain可以表示食物等素凈、清淡的，所以該題選擇B項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)、D項(xiàng)不符合句意；

C項(xiàng)指人或事物擁有他們所需要的所有基本或必要的東西，或者某件事物易于理解，不符合語境。

【句意】弗雷德不喜歡加牛奶的咖啡，也不喜歡在草莓上加奶油，因?yàn)樗矚g原味的食物。

4.單選題

Experimentsinthephotographyofmovingobjects________inboththeUnitedStatesandEuropewellbefore1990.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.havebeenconducting

B.wereconducting

C.hadbeenconducted

D.areconducted

【答案】C

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。A是過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作；B是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示過去正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；C是過去完成時(shí)，表示從過去的時(shí)間某動(dòng)作已完成；D是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。句意：早在1990年，美國和歐洲都已經(jīng)做過了對移動(dòng)物體攝影的實(shí)驗(yàn)。1990是一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間，句子中有個(gè)wellbefore，所以可知做物體移動(dòng)的攝影實(shí)驗(yàn)是在1990年之前就完成了，是一個(gè)在過去就已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，因此答案選C。

5.單選題

Withinthatexclusivegroupofliterarycharacterswhohavesurvivedthroughthecenturies—fromHamlettoHuckleberryFinn-fewcanrivaltheculturalimpactofSherlockHolmes.Sincehisfirstpublicappearance20yearsago,thegentlemanwiththecurvedpipeandatasteforcocaine,themasterofdeductivereasoningandelaboratedisguise,haslefthismarkeverywhere—incrimeliterature,filmandtelevision,cartoonsandcomicbooks.

AtHolmes'side,ofcourse,washistrustedfriendDr.Watson.Loomingevenlarger,however,wasanotherdoctor,onewhosemedicalpracticewassoslowitallowedhimplentyoftimetopursuehisliteraryambition.Hisname:ArthurConanDoyle.Asthecreatorofthesefictionalicons,ConanDoylehashimselfbecomesomethingofacultfigure,theobjectofcountlesscriticalstudies,biographiesandfanclubs.

ConanDoylewasborninEdinburghin1859,inarespectablemiddle-classCatholicfamily.Still,itwasfarfromaneasylife.Therewasneverenoughmoney;theymovedfrequentlyinsearchoflowerrents;andhisfather,acivilservantandillustratorwasanalcoholicwhohadtobeinstitutionalized.Yettheearlylettershewrotetohismotheraresurprisinglyoptimistic,concernedmainlywithfood,clothes,allowancesandschoolwork.At14camehisfirstunforgettablevisittoLondon,includingMadameTussaud's,wherehewas"delightedwiththeroomofHorrors,andtheimagesofthemurderers."

Asuperbstudent,ConanDoylewentontomedicalschool,wherehewasattractedbyDr.JosephBell,aprofessorwithanuncannyabilitytodiagnosepatientsevenbeforetheyopenedtheirmouths.ForatimeheworkedasBell'soutpatientclerkandwouldwatch,amazed,athowthelocationofacalluscouldrevealaman'sprofession,orhowaquicklookataskinrashtoldBellthatthepatienthadoncelivedinBermuda.In1886,ConanDoyleoutlinedhisfirstnovel,AStudyinScarlet,whichhedescribedas"asimpletaleofmysterytomakealittleextramoney."Itsmaincharacter,initiallycalledSherringfordHopeandlatercalledSherlockHolmes,wasbasedlargelyonBell.ButHolmes'firstappearancewentalmostunnoticed,andthestrugglingdoctordevotednearlyallofhissparetimetowritinglonghistoricalnovelsinthestyleofSirWalterScott—novelsthathewasconvincedwouldmakehisreputation.Itwasn'ttobe.In1888,HolmesreappearedinAScandalinBohemia，ashortstoryinStrandMagazine.Andthistime,itsherotookanimmediatehitandConanDoyle'slifewouldneverbethesame.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTproperindescribingSherlockHolmes?

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutConanDoyleandhisfamily?

3.ConanDoylefelt（）abouthisfirstvisittoLondon.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（）.

5.ConanDoyle'sshortstory"AScandalinBohemia"turnedouttobe（）atlast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sociable

B.Rational

C.Cunning

D.Intelligent

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Hecamefromamiddle-classfamily.

B.Hismotherhadreceivedlittleeducation.

C.Hisfatherwasaddictedtodrinking.

D.TheyledahardlifeinEdinburgh.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.awful

B.pleasant

C.memorable

D.horrible

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.themorecallusesapersonhas,themoreprofessionalhewouldbe

B.writersoftenbasetheirwritingonpersonalexperiences

C.inspirationwasveryimportantforapersontocreatesomething

D.ConanDoylehasgonethroughaperiodofhardshiponhiswaytosuccess

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ridiculous

B.powerful

C.successful

D.frustrating

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：下列哪一項(xiàng)不適合描述夏洛克?福爾摩斯？根據(jù)原文第一段第二句“Sincehisfirstpublicappearance20yearsago,thegentlemanwiththecurvedpipeandatasteforcocaine,themasterofdeductivereasoningandelaboratedisguise,haslefthismarkeverywhere—incrimeliterature,filmandtelevision,cartoonsandcomicbooks”可知，福爾摩斯的形象是：有著彎曲煙斗和喜好可卡因的紳士，善于演繹推理和精心偽裝的大師，并且在犯罪文學(xué)、電影、電視、漫畫和漫畫書中都留下了印記。由此可知，B、C、D選項(xiàng)均屬于對福爾摩斯人物的描述，但原文并未提及他的社交方面，由此可判斷B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：下列對柯南道爾和他的家庭描述中哪一項(xiàng)表述不正確？根據(jù)原文第三段可知，柯南道爾出生于愛丁堡一個(gè)中產(chǎn)階級家庭，生活并不輕松，錢總是不夠用，還得經(jīng)常搬家。他的父親是個(gè)公務(wù)員兼插畫家，還是個(gè)酒鬼，不得不送去了收容機(jī)構(gòu)。由此可判斷A、C、D選項(xiàng)描述均正確。在原文中并沒有過多提到福爾摩斯的母親，只提到他早期給母親寫過信，因此無從判斷他母親接受教育的情況。因此本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干詢問：柯南道爾對第一次倫敦之行感到……。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息“hisfirstvisittoLondon”可定位到原文第三段最后一句，作者用到了“unforgettable”來描述，由此可知這段旅行應(yīng)該是“難忘的”。故本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問：由文章最后一段可推斷得出……。原文最后一段講述的是柯南道爾經(jīng)歷了種種失敗和挫折后最后取得成功的故事。由此可以判斷D選項(xiàng)表述正確。由原文最后一段第二句“ForatimeheworkedasBell'soutpatientclerkandwouldwatch,amazed,athowthelocationofacalluscouldrevealaman'sprofession…”可知，老繭的位置可以揭示一個(gè)人的職業(yè)，但并不表示老繭越多，他就越專業(yè)，可判斷A選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤。原文只是提到柯南道爾的其中一部文學(xué)作品是以Bell醫(yī)生為原型，但無法得出作家經(jīng)常以個(gè)人經(jīng)歷作為寫作基礎(chǔ)，可排除B選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)“靈感對于個(gè)人創(chuàng)作非常重要”不能由原文最后一段推斷得出，也可排除。故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問：柯南?道爾的短篇小說《波西米亞丑聞》最終被證明是（）。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵信息定位到原文最后一段最后兩句。由原文信息可知，1888年，福爾摩斯在Strand雜志上刊登了短篇小說《波西米亞丑聞》，這篇小說的男主角風(fēng)靡一時(shí)，柯南道爾的人生也因此發(fā)生了變化。由此可以判斷，柯南道爾的小說最后大獲成功。本題正確答案為C選項(xiàng)

6.單選題

IfIkeepthisoathfaithfully,mayIenjoymylifeandpracticemyart,（

）byallmenandinalltimes;butifIswervefromitorviolateit,maythereversebemylot.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.beingrespected

B.respecting

C.respectfully

D.respected

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。題干主句中謂語動(dòng)詞為enjoy，后面接動(dòng)詞ing形式?？崭窈笥衎y，可推測前面應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語態(tài)。因此應(yīng)使用being+done的形式。A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Since1970,whenSultanQabooscametopowerandlaunchedOman’sdevelopment,povertyhasbeenlargely()andmodernmedicalcarehasbeenprovidedthroughoutthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eliminated

B.illuminated

C.limited

D.increased

【答案】A

【解析】eliminated消除，淘汰；illuminated啟發(fā)。句意：自1970年蘇丹卡布斯掌權(quán)并開始阿曼的發(fā)展以來，貧困已基本消除，全國各地都提供了現(xiàn)代醫(yī)療服務(wù)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

（

）,hedoesgetirritatedwithhersometimes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ashelikeshermuch

B.Muchalthoughhelikesher

C.Thoughmuchhelikesher

D.Muchashelikesher

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒裝。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，從句不倒裝；而as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，從句需要倒裝。故D項(xiàng)正確。句意：盡管他喜歡她，可有時(shí)候他確實(shí)會(huì)對她發(fā)火。故D項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Forcenturies,explorershaveriskedtheirlivesventuringintotheunknownforreasonsthatweretovaryingdegreeseconomicandnationalistic.ColumbuswentwesttolookforbettertraderoutestotheOrientandtopromotethegreatergloryofSpain.LewisandClarkjourneyedintotheAmericanwildernesstofindoutwhattheU.ShadacquiredwhenitpurchasedLouisiana,andtheAppoloastronautsrocketedtothemooninadramaticshowoftechnologicalmuscleduringthecoldwar.

Althoughtheirmissionsblendedcommercialandpolitical-militaryimperatives,theexplorersinvolvedallaccomplishedsomesignificantsciencesimplybygoingwherenoscientistshadgonebefore.

TodayMarsloomsashumanity’snextgreatterraincognita.Andwithdoubtfulprospectsforashort-termfinancialreturn,withthecoldwararapidlyfadingmemoryandamidagrowingemphasisoninternationalcooperationinlargespaceventures,itisclearthatimperativesotherthanprofitsornationalismwillhavetocompelhumanbeingstoleavetheirtracksontheplanet’sreddishsurface.Coulditbethatscience,whichhaslongplayedaminorroleinexploration,isatlastdestinedtotakeleadingrole?Thequestionnaturallyinvitesacoupleofothers:ArethereexperimentsthatonlyhumanscoulddoonMars?Couldthoseexperimentsprovideinsightsprofoundenoughtojustifytheexpenseofsendingpeopleacrossinterplanetaryspace?

WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen.Theissueofwhetherlifeexistedontheplanet,andwhetheritpersiststothisday,hasbeenhighlightedbymountingevidencethattheRedPlanetoncehadabundantstable,liquidwaterandbythecontinuingcontroversyoversuggestionsthatbacterialfossilsrodetoEarthonameteoritefromMars.AmoreconclusiveansweraboutlifeonMars,pastorpresent,wouldgiveresearchersinvaluabledataabouttherangeofconditionsunderwhichaplanetcangeneratethecomplexchemistrythatleadstolife.IfitcouldbeestablishedthatlifearoseindependentlyonMarsandEarth,thefindingwouldprovidethefirstconcretecluesinoneofthedeepestmysteriesinallofscience:theprevalenceoflifeintheuniverse.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thechiefpurposeofexplorersingoingtounknownplaceinthepastwas（

）.

2.Atpresent,aprobableinducementforcountriestoinitiatelarge-scalespaceventuresis（

）.

3.WhatisthemaingoalofsendinghumanmissionstoMars?

4.Bysaying“WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen”(linel,Para.4),theauthormeansthat（

）.

5.ThepassagetellsusthatproofoflifeonMarswould（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.todisplaytheircountry’smilitarymight

B.toaccomplishsomesignificantscience

C.tofindnewareasforcolonization

D.topursuecommercialandstateinterests

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.internationalcooperation

B.nationalisticreasons

C.scientificresearch

D.long-termprofits

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tofindoutiflifeeverexistedthere.

B.Toseeifhumanscouldsurvivethere.

C.Toprovethefeasibilityoflarge-scalespaceventures.

D.Toshowtheleadingroleofscienceinspaceexploration.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.withMarstherisksinvolvedaremuchgreaterthananypreviousspaceventures

B.inthecaseofMars,therewardsofscientificexplorationcanbyveryhigh

C.inthecaseofMars,muchmoreresearchfundsareneededthaneverbefore

D.withMars,scientistsargue,thefundamentalinterestsofscienceareissue

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.makeclearthecomplexchemistryinthedevelopmentoflife

B.confirmthesuggestionthatbacterialfossilstraveledtoEarthonameteorite

C.revealthekindofconditionsunderwhichlifeoriginates

D.provideanexplanationwhylifeiscommonintheuniverse

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。文章開頭指出Forcenturies,explorershaveriskedtheirlivesventuringintotheunknownforreasonsthatweretovaryingdegreeseconomicandnationalistic.即近幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，出于不同程度的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益或國家利益考慮，探險(xiǎn)家們冒著生命危險(xiǎn)探索著未知領(lǐng)域。D選項(xiàng)‘追求商業(yè)和國家利益’符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二句Andwithdoubtfulprospectsforashort-termfinancialreturn,withthecoldwararapidlyfadingmemoryandamidagrowingemphasisoninternationalcooperationinlargespaceventures,itisclearthatimperativesotherthanprofitsornationalismwillhavetocompelhumanbeingstoleavetheirtracksontheplanet’sreddishsurface.即由于不再關(guān)心短期的經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)，冷戰(zhàn)的陰影也日漸退去，各國家更加重視彼此之間航空探險(xiǎn)合作。除了經(jīng)濟(jì)或民族主義，責(zé)任感使得人類開始踏上探索火星的征程。推斷出如今各國家發(fā)起大規(guī)模的航空探險(xiǎn)是出于科學(xué)研究考慮，而并非為了軍備競賽或只圖短期利益。C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段末尾IfitcouldbeestablishedthatlifearoseindependentlyonMarsandEarth,thefindingwouldprovidethefirstconcretecluesinoneofthedeepestmysteriesinallofscience:theprevalenceoflifeintheuniverse.即如果證實(shí)生命曾經(jīng)在火星和地球上獨(dú)立地出現(xiàn)過，那么這將會(huì)解開科學(xué)史上最大的謎團(tuán)一一在整個(gè)宇宙中，生命肯定也普遍存在于其他星球上。確定A選項(xiàng)‘把人送上火星是為了證實(shí)那里曾經(jīng)有生命出現(xiàn)過‘符合題意。

4.詞義理解題。WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen,意思是“火星的科學(xué)利益可以說比以往任何時(shí)候都要高?！薄皊takes”在這里的意思是“利益”。所以B選項(xiàng)‘就火星而言，科學(xué)探索的回報(bào)可能會(huì)非常高‘符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一段“AmoreconclusiveansweraboutlifeonMars,pastorpresent,wouldgiveresearchersinvaluabledataabouttherangeofconditionsunderwhichaplanetcangeneratethecomplexchemistrythatleadstolife.對于火星上過去或現(xiàn)在的生命，一個(gè)更具決定性的答案將為研究人員提供寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)，幫助他們了解一顆行星在何種條件下能夠產(chǎn)生生命的復(fù)雜化學(xué)物質(zhì)。”即過去或現(xiàn)在火星有生命跡象這種更為概括性的解答會(huì)為一個(gè)星球在哪些復(fù)雜的化學(xué)條件下會(huì)產(chǎn)生生命跡象的研究提供非常珍貴的數(shù)據(jù)證明。所以C選項(xiàng)‘揭示生命起源的條件‘符合題意。

10.單選題

Themeetingwas（

）bytheNationalAssociationofWomenforthepurposeoffurtheringthewomen’sliberationmovement.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.chaired

B.sponsored

C.participated

D.assigned

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。chair意為“擔(dān)任（會(huì)議、討論等的）主席，主持（會(huì)議、討論等）”；sponsor意為“贊助（活動(dòng)、節(jié)目）等，主辦，舉辦”；participate意為“參加，參與”；assign意為“分派，選派，分配”。

句意：會(huì)議由全國婦女協(xié)會(huì)主辦，目的是促進(jìn)婦女解放運(yùn)動(dòng)。

11.單選題

Wecouldn'treallyaffordtobuyahousesowegotitonhirepurchaseandpaidmonthly（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.investments

B.requirements

C.arrangements

D.installments

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。investments“投資”；requirements“要求，必需品”；arrangements“安排”；installments“分期付款”。句意：我們實(shí)在買不起房子，所以我們以分期付款的方式買房，然后按月付款。D項(xiàng)符合題意。

12.單選題

31.Money-laundering（洗錢）hasbeenoneoftheworld'sfastest-growingindustriesoverdecadedespiteincreasingeffortsbytheworld'sfinancialauthoritiestostampitout.Followingisasimpleguidetotheworldofmoney-laundering.

Money-launderingistheprocessbywhichmoneyobtainedbyillegalmeansisgiventheappearanceoflegitimateincomeandreturnedintocirculation.ThewordandpracticearewidelybelievedtohavebeeninventedbytheUSMafia（黑手黨）.Asameansofmixingthedirtycashobtainedfromprostitution,gambling,gun-running,blackmailanditsotherwickedactivities,sothatitcameoutmoreorlessclean,theMafiaboughtupandoperatedlargenumbersofLaundromats（自助洗衣店）.Asgoodcashbusinessestheywereagoodmeansofprovidingtheappearanceofhonestcashflow.

Varioustechniquescanbeemployedandthemeansofmoney-laundering,buttheyessentiallyboildowntothreestages.Stepone:movingthemoneyfromthesceneofthecrimeAtoaremotelocationBideallyinanothercountry，preferablyabankaccount,ifpossibleonethatisanonymous.Steptwo:disguisingthetrailleadingfromAtoB.Stepthree:makingthecashavailabletothecriminals,alongwithaplausibleexplanationofhowticamelegallyintotheirpossession.

Apartfromharmingtheeconomiesthatitfeedsoff,themoney-launderingindustryisessentialtoorganizedcrime.AstheheadoftheUN'scrime-fightingwingPinoArlacchiremarked,organizedcrime“brutalizessocietyanddiminishesrespectforthevaluelikehonestyandcooperationuponwhichsuccessfulsocietiesarebased’’.OrasaseniorUSofficialsaidin1999,“money-launderingmaylooklikeapoliteformofwhite-collarcrime,butitisthecompanionofbrutality,deceitandcorruption.’’

Theliberalizationofmarketsaroundtheworldandderegulation（解除管制）ofexchangecontrolsareregardedasthechiefcausesoftherapidexpansionofmoney-launderingoverthepastdecade.Togethertheyhaveopenedupmanymorechannelsforlaunderingdirtymoneyandprovidedmoreopportunitiestohideitsorigins.UNofficialsbelievethemostimportantsinglemeasureineliminatingmoney-launderingistheendingofbanksecrecy.

1.Weknowfromthepassagethatmoney-laundering（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothephrase“stampitout”（para.1）inthefirstparagraph?

3.ThereasonwhytheMafiaboughtupandransubstantialLaundromatsisthat（）.

4.Inmoney-laundering,moneywouldbemovedfromthesceneofthecrimeto（）.

5.Withtheworldwideliberalizationofmarkets,money-launderinghasexpandedrapidlyby（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasalmostbeenstampedoutbytheworld’sfinancialauthorities

B.hasgreatlypromotedthedevelopmentoftheworld'sindustries

C.onlyhasaten-yearhistorybuthasgrownrapidly

D.hasexpandedrapidlyoverthepastdecade

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toputanendtoitcompletely.

B.Tomarkasignbypressingonit.

C.Toannounceitillegal.

D.Todoharmtoit.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theMafiacancarryoutlargenumbersofillegaltransactionsinthem.

B.theMafiahasmanywickedactivitieslikeprostitutionandgamblinginthem.

C.theLaundromatscangivethedirtycashtheappearanceoflegitimateincome.

D.theLaundromatsissuchaprofit-makingindustrythatithasattractedtheMafia.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thefinancialauthorities

B.thecirculationfields

C.LaundromatsoperatedbytheMafia

D.anonymousbankaccountinanothercountry

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.deregulatingtheexchangecontrols

B.buyingandoperatingmoreLaundromats

C.havingmorechannelstolaunderdirtymoney

D.tighteningthebanksecrecyrules

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Money-laundering(洗錢)hasbeenoneoftheworld’sfastest-growingindustriesoverdecadedespiteincreasingeffortsbytheworld’sfinancialauthoritiestostampitout.Followingisasimpleguidetotheworldofmoney-laundering.盡管國際金融機(jī)構(gòu)加大了打擊洗錢活動(dòng)的力度，但洗錢活動(dòng)在過去10年里一直是全球發(fā)展最快的行業(yè)之一。以下是對洗錢世界的簡單介紹?？芍狣項(xiàng)“洗錢活動(dòng)在過去十年發(fā)展很快”正確。AB兩項(xiàng)明顯錯(cuò)誤，C項(xiàng)“洗錢只有十年歷史但是增長很快”與原文內(nèi)容不符，洗錢并不只有10年歷史。

2.詞義題。由Money-laundering(洗錢)hasbeenoneoftheworld’sfastest-growingindustriesoverdecadedespiteincreasingeffortsbytheworld’sfinancialauthoritiestostampitout.中的despite表示讓步關(guān)系可知，盡管采取了一些措施來（）洗錢活動(dòng)，但是洗錢仍然成為增長最快的行業(yè)之一。由前后邏輯可推斷出stampitout是消滅，打擊的意思。故A項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。由第二段“Asameansofmixingthedirtycashobtainedfromprostitution,gambling,gun-running,blackmailanditsotherwickedactivities,sothatitcameoutmoreorlessclean,theMafiaboughtupandoperatedlargenumbersofLaundromats(自助洗衣店).Asgoodcashbusinesses，theywereagoodmeansofprovidingtheappearanceofhonestcashflow.為了使從賣淫，賭博，販賣槍支，敲詐和其他非法活動(dòng)所得的混合收入看起來是干凈的，黑手黨經(jīng)營了很多自助洗衣店，將其他非法收入混入洗衣店的收入，使贓款看上去是合法的。故C項(xiàng)“自助洗衣店給臟錢披上合法收入的外衣”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第三段“Stepone:movingthemoneyfromthesceneofthecrimeAtoaremotelocationBideallyinanothercountry，preferablyabankaccount,ifpossibleonethatisanonymous.第一步:把錢從犯罪現(xiàn)場A轉(zhuǎn)移到一個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的地點(diǎn)B，當(dāng)然理想的地點(diǎn)是在另一個(gè)國家，存入一個(gè)銀行賬戶，如果是一個(gè)匿名賬戶那就更好了?！笨芍E款從犯罪現(xiàn)場最終被轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個(gè)國家的銀行賬戶。故D項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Theliberalizationofmarketsaroundtheworldandderegulation(解除管制)ofexchangecontrolsareregardedasthechiefcausesoftherapidexpansionofmoney-launderingoverthepastdecade.全球市場的自由化和對外匯解除管制被視為過去十年里洗錢快速擴(kuò)張的主要原因?？芍狝項(xiàng)“解除外匯管制”正確。B項(xiàng)“購買和經(jīng)營更多的自助洗衣店”不是原因；C項(xiàng)“有更多的渠道來洗黑錢”是解除外匯管制的結(jié)果，而非原因。D項(xiàng)是反洗錢措施。

13.單選題

Theseniorlibrarianatthecirculationdeskpromisedtogetthebookforme（

）shecouldrememberwholastborrowedit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.eversince

B.muchas

C.eventhough

D.ifonly

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。eversince意為“自從”；muchas意為“盡管，雖然”；eventhough意為“即使，縱然”；ifonly意為“只要”。

句意：那個(gè)在借記臺的年長的圖書管理員答應(yīng)我，只要她記得誰最后借了這本書，就會(huì)把書給我。

14.單選題

Theotherdayanacquaintanceofmine,agregariousandcharmingman,toldmehehadfoundhimselfunexpectedlyaloneinNewYorkforanhourortwobetweenappointments.HewenttotheWhitneyandspenttheempty”timelookingatthingsinsolitarybills.Forhimitprovedtobeashocknearlyasgreatasfallinginlovetodiscoverthathecouldenjoyhimselfsomuchalone.

Whathadhebeenafraidof,Iaskedmyself?That,suddenlyalone,hewoulddiscoverthatheboredhimself,orthattherewas,quitesimply,noselftheretomeet?Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnowonthebrinkofadventure;heisabouttobelaunchedintohisowninnerspace,spaceasimmense,unexplored,andsometimesfrighteningasouterspacetotheastronaut.Hiseveryperceptionwillcometohimwithanewfreshnessand,foratime,seemstartlinglyoriginal.Foranyonewhocanseethingsforhimselfwithanakedeyebecomes,foramomentortwo,somethingofagenius.Withanotherhumanbeingpresentvisionbecomesdoublevision,inevitably.Wearebusywondering,whatdoesmycompanionseeorthinkofthis,andwhatdoIthinkofit?Theoriginalimpactgetslost,ordiffused.

“MusicIheardwithyouwasmorethanmusic”.Exactly.Andthereforemusicitselfcanonlybeheardalone.“Solitudeisthesaltofpersonhood.Itbringsouttheauthenticflavorofeveryexperience.”

“Aloneoneisneverlonely:thespiritadventures,walkinginaquietgarden,inacoolhouse,abidingsinglethere.”

Lonelinessismostacutelyfeltwithotherpeople,forwithothers,evenwithaloversometimes,wesufferfromourdifferencesoftaste,temperament,andmood.Humanintercourseoftendemandsthatwesoftentheedgeofperception,orwithdrawattheveryinstantofpersonaltruthforfearofhurting,orofbeinginappropriatelypresent,whichistosaynaked,inasocialsituation.Alonewecanaffordtobewhollywhateverweare,andtofeelwhateverwefeelabsolutely.Thatisagreatluxury!

Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatforthelasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasingrewarding.WhenIcanwakeupandwatchthesunriseovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichtowriteafewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,liedownintheafternoonforalongthink(whydoesonethinkbetterinahorizontalposition?),readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraphthat（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutlonelinessiscorrect?

3.Bysaying“solitudeisthesaltofpersonhood”(Paragrph3)theauthormeansthat（）.

4.Thebesttitleforthispassagecanbe“（）”.

5.Thetoneoftheauthorcanbestbedescribedas（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theexperienceofbeingaloneoffersoneachancetolookintotheself

B.it’shumannaturetobeadventurous

C.doublevisionisbetterthansinglevision.

D.solitudecanmakeonegenius

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Peopleamongothersaremorepronelonelinessthanpeoplealone.

B.Peoplewhofeellonelyarethosewhoarealone.

C.Lonelinesshelpsonetobehimself.

D.Marriedpeopleareneverlonely.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.solitudeaddsflavortolife

B.peoplecanbetterenjoylifewithsolitude

C.peoplecanexperienceeverythinginlifeasitreallyisinsolitude

D.peoplewillbemoreexperiencedwithsolitude

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.InnerSpaceandOuterSpace

B.LonelinessandItsCure

C.BlissfulSolitude

D.SolitudeandHumanIntercourse

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.critical

B.satirical

C.exasperated

D.meditative

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。A:孤獨(dú)的經(jīng)歷可以讓人探尋內(nèi)在的自己。第二段指出:Buthavingtakentheplunge,heisnowonthebrinkofadventure;heisabouttobelaunchedintohisowninnerspace,…Hiseveryperceptionwillcometohimwithanewfreshnessand.foratime,seemstartlinglyoriginal(但是有了這次嘗試，他便要開始探險(xiǎn)了，即將發(fā)射到自己內(nèi)心的宇宙之中,…他的所見所感對他來說將是全新的，一度會(huì)新穎得讓人驚奇)。由此推斷A項(xiàng)“孤獨(dú)的經(jīng)歷可以讓人探尋內(nèi)在的自己”正確。B:人類天生有探險(xiǎn)精神，此項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷。C:雙重看法好于單個(gè)看法，此項(xiàng)與第二段意思相反。D:孤獨(dú)可以成就天才，與原文所述不符。因此本題選A。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:與別人待在一起，比單獨(dú)時(shí)孤獨(dú)感更為強(qiáng)烈。第五段第一句指出:Lonelinessismostacutelyfeltwithotherpeople,forwithothers,evenwithaloversometimes,wesufferfromourdifferencesoftaste,temperament,andmood(與別人待在一起時(shí)孤獨(dú)感更為強(qiáng)烈，因?yàn)榕c他人在一起，即使是戀人，我們也會(huì)被不同的品味，不同的性格，以及不同的情緒所困擾)。因此，A項(xiàng)正確。B:有孤獨(dú)感的人是孤獨(dú)的人，此項(xiàng)與原文不符。C:孤獨(dú)能讓人做自己，此項(xiàng)與原文不符，文章只是說孤獨(dú)能讓自己感受真正的自我。D:已婚者永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)孤獨(dú)，與文章不符。

第3題:判斷推理題。A:孤獨(dú)可以增加生活韻味。第三段最后一句指出:Itbringsouttheauthenticflavorofeveryexperience(它讓人感受到所有經(jīng)歷的真實(shí)韻味)。由此可推斷thesaltofpersonhood指的是“增加韻味”，因此A項(xiàng)正確。B:孤獨(dú)時(shí)，人們可以享受更好的生活。此項(xiàng)本身正確，但是不符合題干要求。C:只有在真正孤獨(dú)時(shí)，人們才能經(jīng)歷所有的事情，此項(xiàng)不符合原文。D:人們因孤獨(dú)而經(jīng)歷豐富，此項(xiàng)同樣本身正確，但是不符合題干要求。

第4題:主旨大意題。全文的大意為:獨(dú)居但不孤獨(dú)，與別人待在一起時(shí)孤獨(dú)感更為強(qiáng)烈。因此C項(xiàng)“幸福的孤獨(dú)”比較適合做文章標(biāo)題。

第5題:觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。文章討論的是孤獨(dú)帶給人的好處。獨(dú)居但不孤獨(dú)，與別人呆在一起時(shí)孤獨(dú)感更為強(qiáng)烈。因此，D項(xiàng)“深思的”正確。

15.單選題

Nowomancanbetoorichortoothin.ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchessofWindsorembodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinisdeemedassuchvirtue.

TheProblemwithsuchaviewisthatsomepeopleactuallyattempttolivebyit.Imyselfhavefantasiesofslippingintonarrowdesignerclothes.Consequently,Ihavebeenonadietforthebetter—orworse—partofmylife.Beingrichwouldn’tbebadeither,butthatwon’thappenunlessanunknownrelativediessuddenlyinsomedistantland,leavingmemillionsofdollars.

Wheredidwegooffthetrack?Whendideatingbutterbecomeasin,andalittlebitofextrafleshunappealing,ifnotrepellent?Allreligionshavecertaindayswhenpeoplerefrainfromeating,andexcessiveeatingisoneofChristianity’ssevendeadlysins.Howeveruntilquiterecently,mostPeoplehadaproblemgettingenoughtoeat.Insomereligiousgroups,Wealthwasasymbolofprobablesalvationandhighmorals,andfatnessasignofwealthandwell-being.

TodaytheOppositeistrue.Wehaveshiftedtothinnessasournewmarkofvirtue.Theresultisthatbeingfat—orevenonlysomewhatoverweight—isbadbecauseitimpliesalackofmoralstrength.

Ourobsessionwiththinnessisalsofueledbyhealthconcerns.Itistruethatinthiscountrywehavemoreoverweightpeoplethaneverbefore,andthat,inmanycases,beingoverweightcorrelateswithanincreasedriskofheartandbloodvesseldisease.Thesediseases,however,mayhaveasmuchtodowithourwayoflifeandourhigh-fatdietsaswithexcessweight.Andtheassociatedriskofcancerinthedigestivesystemmaybemoreofadietaryproblem—toomuchfatandalackoffiber—thanaweightproblem.

Therealconcern,then,isnotthatweweightoomuch,butthatweneitherexerciseenoughnoreatwell.Exerciseisnecessaryforstrongbonesandbothheartandlunghealth.Abalanceddietwithoutalotoffatcanalsohelpthebodyavoidmanydiseases.Weshouldsurelystop-payingsomuchattentiontoweight.Simplybeingthinisnotenough.Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhoget(oralreadyare)thinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthusfreefrompayingattentiontotheiroveralllife-style.Thinnesscanbepurevainglo