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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中央音樂學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題
Floodscausebillionsofdollarsworthofpropertydamage().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.relatively
B.actually
C.annually
D.comparatively
【答案】C
【解析】句意:洪水每年都造成幾十億美元價(jià)值的財(cái)產(chǎn)損害。
考查副詞辨析。relatively相對地;比較地;actually實(shí)際上;annually每年;comparatively比較上;相對地。因此C符合句意。
2.單選題
WhenSarahandI(
)
onanarticlefortheschoolnewspaper,wefounditdifficulttoworktogether.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.compiled
B.gathered
C.collaborated
D.collected
【答案】C
【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)compile“編輯”;B選項(xiàng)gather“聚集、收集”;C選項(xiàng)collaborate“合作、協(xié)作”;D選項(xiàng)collect“收集、收藏”,從句中關(guān)鍵詞“worktogether一起工作”可聯(lián)系到collaborate“合作、協(xié)作”,句意為:當(dāng)莎拉和我為校報(bào)合作寫一篇文章時(shí),我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一起工作是很困難的。故正確答案選C。
3.單選題
Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowareluctantconsensusthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.
Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanyotherwaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?
Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.
Employmentbecamewidespreadwhentheenclosuresofthe17thand18thcenturiesmademanypeopledependentonpaidworkbydeprivingthemoftheuseoftheland,andthusofthemeanstoprovidealivingforthemselves.Thenthefactorysystemdestroyedthecottageindustriesandremovedworkfrompeople’shomes.Later,astransportimproved,firstbyrail,thenbyroad,peoplecommutedlongerdistancestotheirplacesofemploymentuntil,eventually,manypeople’sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived.
Meanwhile,employmentputwomenatadisadvantageasmenandwomenhadsharedtheproductiveworkofthehouseholdandvillagecommunityinpre-industrialtimes,whilenowitbecomescustomaryforthehusbandtogoouttopaidemployment,leavingtheunpaidworkofthehomeandfamilytohiswife.
Alsoasemploymentbecamethedominantformofwork,youngpeopleandoldpeoplewereexcluded—aproblemnow,asmoreteenagersbecomefrustratedatschoolandmoreretiredpeoplewanttoliveactivelives.
Allthismaynowhavetochange.ThetimehascertainlycometoswitchsomeeffortandresourcesawayfromtheUtopiangoalofcreatingjobsforall,totheurgentpracticaltaskofhelpingmanypeopletomanagewithoutfull-timejobs.
1.Researchcarriedoutinrecentopinionpollsshowsthat(
).
2.Thepassagesuggeststhatweshouldnowreexamineourthinkingaboutthefutureofworkand
(
).
3.Thearrivaloftheindustrialageinourhistoricalevolutionmeantthat
(
).
4.Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentbecameoverwhelminginthat
(
).
5.Thepassageconcludesthat(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.availableemploymentshouldberestrictedtoasmallpercentageofthepopulation
B.newjobsmustbecreatedinordertorectifyhighunemploymentfigures
C.availableemploymentmustbemostwidelydistributedamongtheunemployed
D.thepresenthighunemploymentfiguresareafactoflife
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.bepreparedtoadmitthatbeingemployedisnottheonlykindofwork
B.createmorefactoriesinordertoincreaseourproductivity
C.setupsmallerprivateenterprisessothatweinturncanemployothers
D.bepreparedtofillintimeathomebytakinguphobbiesandleisureactivities
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.universalemploymentvirtuallyguaranteedprosperity
B.economicfreedomcamewithineveryone’sgrasp
C.patternsofworkwerefundamentallychanged
D.people’sattitudestoworkhadtobereserved
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.thehouseholdandvillagecommunitydisappearedcompletely
B.mennowtraveledenormousdistancestotheirplacesofwork
C.youngandoldpeoplebecamesuperfluouscomponentsofsociety
D.theworkstatusofthosenotinpaidemploymentsuffered
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.thecreationofjobsforallisanimpossibility
B.weshouldhelpthosewhosejobsareonlypart-time
C.peopleshouldstarttosupportthemselvesbylearningapracticalskill
D.oureffortsandresourcesintermsoftacklingunemploymentareinsufficient
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:A
第3題:C
第4題:B
第5題:A
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowareluctantconsensusthat...highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.(民意測驗(yàn)現(xiàn)在開始顯示出一種不情愿的共識(shí)……即高失業(yè)率很可能會(huì)持續(xù)下去。這意味著我們必須設(shè)法更廣泛地分享現(xiàn)有的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì))從民意調(diào)查結(jié)果可知現(xiàn)在失業(yè)率很高,現(xiàn)有的就業(yè)只能滿足一小部分人口,因此選A。
2.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的四個(gè)問句(我們是否應(yīng)該繼續(xù)把就業(yè)視為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?難道我們不應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)許多其他方式來尊重別人的工作嗎?我們是否應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造條件,讓很多人可以為自己工作,而不是為雇主工作?難道我們的目標(biāo)不應(yīng)該是重振家庭和社區(qū),以及工廠和辦公室,作為生產(chǎn)和工作的中心嗎?)可知我們應(yīng)該改變以前的工作觀念,被雇傭并不是工作的唯一方式,B、C、D是改變觀念的具體例子,并不能概括其中心觀點(diǎn),因此選A。
3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork(它可以為將來的工作提供更好的前景)可知與A選項(xiàng)“普遍就業(yè)實(shí)際上保證了繁榮”說法不符,工業(yè)時(shí)代只是提供一個(gè)好的工作機(jī)會(huì),并不能保證繁榮;由Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom(如歷史所示,普遍就業(yè)并不意味著經(jīng)濟(jì)自由)可知B選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)自由在每個(gè)人的掌握之中”說法不正確;由someofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed(一些工作模式上的變化可能會(huì)被保留)可知與D選項(xiàng)“人們對工作的態(tài)度必須保留”不符,通過排除法,因此選C。
4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的astransportimproved...eventually,manypeople'sworklostallconnectionwiththeirhomelivesandtheplacesinwhichtheylived(隨著交通的改善……最終,許多人的工作失去了與他們的家庭生活和他們居住的地方的所有聯(lián)系)可知人們可以到離家很遠(yuǎn)的地方工作,因此選B。
5.推理判斷題。文章最后一段的內(nèi)容為:這一切現(xiàn)在可能必須改變?,F(xiàn)在是時(shí)候把為所有人創(chuàng)造就業(yè)的烏托邦式目標(biāo)的努力和資源,轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閹椭芏鄾]有全職工作的人進(jìn)行管理的緊迫的實(shí)際任務(wù)上來。烏托邦表示某些好的,但是無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的(或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的)建議、愿望、計(jì)劃等,由此可知A選項(xiàng)“為所有人創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)是不可能的”符合題意。
4.單選題
AlthoughKantarguedthatlyingwas“theobliterationofone’sdignityasahumanbeing”andheldthattheruleagainstlyingwasabsolute,(
)nowadaysthatthemoralrulenottoliehastobequalifiedbycircumstance.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.littlewoulddisagree
B.fewwoulddisagree
C.littlewouldagree
D.fewwouldagree
【答案】B
【解析】考查虛擬語氣。狀語從句的主語是康德,可知主句應(yīng)為表示“人”的代詞,因此可排除不能指代人的little,即A和C選項(xiàng)。句意:康德認(rèn)為說謊是“人的尊嚴(yán)的喪失”,認(rèn)為反對說謊的規(guī)則是絕對的,但很少有人否認(rèn)誠實(shí)這一道德準(zhǔn)則不得不受制于環(huán)境。此處用雙重否定表示肯定。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。
5.單選題
Ascientist______judgmentandrefrainsfromdrawingconclusionsuntilallthefactsareknown.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.delays
B.postpones
C.suspends
D.adjourns
【答案】C
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)delays“延期;(使)耽擱;推遲”(多指因外界原因推遲或耽誤,也可指有意推遲);B選項(xiàng)postpones“使……延期;把……放在次要地位;把……放在后面;延緩,延遲;延緩發(fā)作”(正式用詞,語氣較強(qiáng),多指有安排的延期,常指明延期到一定的時(shí)間);C選項(xiàng)suspends“延緩,推遲;使暫停;使懸浮;懸?。唤悺保ㄖ笗簳r(shí)中斷以待某種條件的實(shí)現(xiàn));D選項(xiàng)adjourns“休會(huì);延期;換地方;推遲;使……中止;使……延期”(多指會(huì)議休會(huì)、法庭休庭或?qū)徟醒悠冢?。句意:科學(xué)家暫時(shí)停止了判斷和總結(jié),直到所有的證據(jù)都擺在眼前。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
6.單選題
Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmelterscomparedwithanimals,21thisislargelybecause,22animals,westandupright.Thismeansthatournosesare23toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,24__themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.Infact,__25__,weareextremelysensitivetosmells,__26wedonotgenerallyrealizeit.Ournosesarecapableof27humansmellsevenwhentheseare28tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.
Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,__29__othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate30smellreceptorsinthenose,Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend31tothebrain,However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell32cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen33toitoftenenough.
Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsit34tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan35newreceptorsifnecessary.Thismay__36__explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.Wearenot37oftheusualsmellofourownhousebutwe38newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors39forunfamiliarandemergencysignals__40__thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.although
B.as
C.but
D.while
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.above
B.unlike
C.excluding
D.besides
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.limited
B.committed
C.dedicated
D.confined
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.catching
B.ignoring
C.missing
D.tracking
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.anyway
B.though
C.instead
D.therefore
問題6選項(xiàng)
A.evenif
B.ifonly
C.onlyif
D.asif
問題7選項(xiàng)
A.distinguishing
B.discovering
C.determining
D.detecting
問題8選項(xiàng)
A.diluted
B.dissolved
C.dispersed
D.diffused
問題9選項(xiàng)
A.when
B.since
C.for
D.whereas
問題10選項(xiàng)
A.unusual
B.particular
C.unique
D.typical
問題11選項(xiàng)
A.signs
B.stimuli
C.messages
D.impulses
問題12選項(xiàng)
A.atfirst
B.atall
C.atlarge
D.attimes
問題13選項(xiàng)
A.subjected
B.left
C.drawn
D.exposed
問題14選項(xiàng)
A.ineffective
B.incompetent
C.inefficient
D.insufficient
問題15選項(xiàng)
A.introduce
B.summon
C.trigger
D.create
問題16選項(xiàng)
A.still
B.also
C.otherwise
D.nevertheless
問題17選項(xiàng)
A.sure
B.sick
C.aware
D.tired
問題18選項(xiàng)
A.tolerate
B.repel
C.neglect
D.notice
問題19選項(xiàng)
A.available
B.reliable
C.identifiable
D.suitable
問題20選項(xiàng)
A.similarto
B.suchas
C.alongwith
D.asidefrom
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:B
第3題:A
第4題:C
第5題:B
第6題:A
第7題:D
第8題:A
第9題:D
第10題:B
第11題:C
第12題:B
第13題:D
第14題:C
第15題:D
第16題:B
第17題:C
第18題:D
第19題:A
第20題:B
【解析】21.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)although表示讓步,B項(xiàng)as表示時(shí)間或者原因,C項(xiàng)but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,D項(xiàng)while表示時(shí)間或者對比;根據(jù)句子Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,…thisislargelybecause,…animals,westandupright.(與動(dòng)物相比,人類常常被認(rèn)為嗅覺不夠敏銳,……這主要原因是因?yàn)椋瓌?dòng)物,人類直立行走)可知,這里應(yīng)該是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系;but表示后面的內(nèi)容是語句重心所在,While也可以表示對比、轉(zhuǎn)折,但作為從屬連詞也有讓步含義。從本題前后的語義關(guān)系來看,后半句語義應(yīng)當(dāng)是重心所在,因此正確答案為C。
22.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)above“在……上面”,B項(xiàng)unlike“不像”,C項(xiàng)excluding“除……之外”,D項(xiàng)besides“另外”;根據(jù)句子butthisislargelybecause,…animals,westandright.(但是主要原因是因?yàn)椋瓌?dòng)物,人類直立行走)可知,人類不像動(dòng)物一樣,人類是直立行走的。因此正確答案為B。
23.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查語義銜接及詞匯辨析。A項(xiàng)limited“限制的”,belimitedto被限制在(指能力的缺點(diǎn),弱點(diǎn));B項(xiàng)committed“堅(jiān)定的,效忠的”,becommittedto致力于;C項(xiàng)dedicated“專注的,獻(xiàn)身的”,bededicatedto獻(xiàn)身于,從事于;D項(xiàng)confined“有限制的,封閉的”,beconfinedto限制在,局限于(某地或某種境地);根據(jù)句子Thismeansthatournosesare…toperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair.(這意味著我們的鼻子……聞到漂浮在空氣中的氣味)可知,我們的鼻子只能感知飄在空氣中的氣味。B、C錯(cuò)誤,D項(xiàng)不符合語義。因此正確答案為A。
24.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)catching“抓住”,B項(xiàng)ignoring“忽視”,C項(xiàng)missing“錯(cuò)過”,D項(xiàng)tracking“跟蹤,追溯”;根據(jù)句子Thismeansthatournosesarelimitedtoperceivingthosesmellswhichfloatthroughtheair,…themajorityofsmellswhichsticktosurfaces.(.這意味著我們的鼻子只能聞到漂浮在空氣中的氣味,……附著于地表的大多數(shù)氣味)可知,我們的鼻子只能聞到浮在空氣中的氣味,對于大部分停留在表面的氣味是聞不到的。首先可以排除A、D項(xiàng),ignore含有“有意不……”的意思,顯然不符合語境。因此正確答案為C。
25.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)anyway“不管怎樣”(表示讓步),B項(xiàng)though“盡管”(表示讓步或轉(zhuǎn)折),C項(xiàng)instead“相反,然而”,D項(xiàng)therefore“因此”(表示結(jié)果);根據(jù)句子Infact,…weareextremelysensitivetosmells,wedonotgenerallyrealizeit(事實(shí)上,我們對氣味非常敏感,我們通常沒有注意到這一點(diǎn))可知,本句中的infact提示了轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,因此要選擇表示轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系詞。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有though能與infact連用表示轉(zhuǎn)折;因此正確答案為B。
26.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)evenif“即使”(表示讓步),B項(xiàng)ifonly“但愿”(后常接虛擬語氣,表示愿望),C項(xiàng)onlyif“如果”(用于表達(dá)條件關(guān)系,only表強(qiáng)調(diào)),D項(xiàng)asif“似乎”(用于表達(dá)比較關(guān)系);根據(jù)句子Infact,thoughweareextremelysensitivetosmells,…wedonotgenerallyrealizeit(事實(shí)上,我們對氣味非常敏感,……我們通常沒有注意到這一點(diǎn))可知,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有A項(xiàng)evenif用于表達(dá)讓步關(guān)系;因此正確答案為A。
27.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查語義銜接和詞匯辨析。A項(xiàng)distinguish“區(qū)別”,B項(xiàng)discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”(原先沒看見或不知道的事物),C項(xiàng)determine“決定”,D項(xiàng)detect“察覺,發(fā)現(xiàn)”(尤指發(fā)現(xiàn)有意隱藏之物);根據(jù)句子Ournosesarecapableof…h(huán)umansmells(我們的鼻子能……人的氣味)可知,我們的鼻子能察覺(引申為聞到)人的氣味;因此正確答案為D。
28.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查語義銜接和詞匯辨析。A項(xiàng)diluted“稀釋的(可指液體或氣體的稀釋)”,B項(xiàng)dissolved“溶解(通常指固體溶解為液體)”,C項(xiàng)dispersed“散開”,D項(xiàng)diffused“擴(kuò)散,彌漫”;根據(jù)句子Ournosesarecapableofdetectinghumansmellsevenwhentheseare…tofarbelowonepartinonemillion.(我們的鼻子能夠聞到人的氣味,即使這些氣味被……到百萬分之一)可知,氣味應(yīng)該是被稀釋或沖淡到百萬分之一;因此正確答案為A。
29.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)when“何時(shí)”,B項(xiàng)since“自從”,C項(xiàng)for“為”,D項(xiàng)whereas“然而,鑒于”;根據(jù)句子Strangely,somepeoplefindthattheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,…othersaresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers(奇怪的是,有些人發(fā)現(xiàn)他們能聞到一種花卻聞不到另一種,……其他人對兩種花的氣味都很敏感)可知,此處顯然構(gòu)成一種對比關(guān)系,只有whereas能用于引導(dǎo)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列句。因此正確答案為D。
30.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查詞匯辨析。A項(xiàng)unusual“不尋常的”,B項(xiàng)particular“特別的”(強(qiáng)調(diào)某一個(gè)體或某一集團(tuán)所獨(dú)有的),C項(xiàng)unique“獨(dú)特的”(強(qiáng)調(diào)獨(dú)一無二的),D項(xiàng)typical“典型的”;根據(jù)句子Thismaybebecausesomepeopledonothavethegenesnecessarytogenerate…smellreceptorsinthenose.(這可能是因?yàn)橛行┤藳]有可以在鼻子里產(chǎn)生……嗅覺感受器所必需的基因)可知,此處應(yīng)該表示特別的嗅覺感受器;因此正確答案為B。
31.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)sign“標(biāo)記”,B項(xiàng)stimuli“刺激”,C項(xiàng)message“信號(hào)”,D項(xiàng)impulse“沖動(dòng),推動(dòng)”;根據(jù)句子Thesereceptorsarethecellswhichsensesmellsandsend…tothebrain.(這些感知器就是細(xì)胞,它們能夠感知?dú)馕?,并且向大腦傳遞……)可知,細(xì)胞在這里傳遞的是信息;因此正確答案為C。
32.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)atfirst“起初”,B項(xiàng)atall“完全,根本”,C項(xiàng)atlarge“全面地,詳細(xì)地”,D項(xiàng)attimes“有時(shí)”;根據(jù)句子However,ithasbeenfoundthatevenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmell…cansuddenlybecomesensitivetoit(然而,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),甚至對某種特定氣味不敏感的人……也能突然變得敏感起來)可知,這里是缺少一個(gè)狀語修飾整個(gè)句子;根據(jù)句意B選項(xiàng)最符合。
33.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)subjected“使遭受”,besubjectedto表示遭受,屈服于;B項(xiàng)left“剩下的”,beleftto表被留給;C項(xiàng)drawn“拔,拉出”,bedrawnto表被拖到;D項(xiàng)exposed“暴露”,beexposedto表暴露在……(經(jīng)常接觸);根據(jù)句子evenpeopleinsensitivetoacertainsmellatallcansuddenlybecomesensitivetoitwhen…toitoftenenough(當(dāng)經(jīng)常……這種氣味,即使是對某種氣味完全不敏感的人也會(huì)突然變得敏感)可知,語境表達(dá)的是人處于某種氣味所籠罩的環(huán)境中。因此正確答案為D。
34.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查語義銜接和詞匯辨析。A項(xiàng)ineffective“無效的,失效的”,B項(xiàng)incompetent“無能力的”,C項(xiàng)inefficient“效率低的”,D項(xiàng)insufficient“不充分的”;根據(jù)句子Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsit…tokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetime(對嗅覺不敏感的解釋似乎是大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)它……讓所有的嗅覺感受器一直工作)可知,根據(jù)語境,這里應(yīng)該是說大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)讓所有的氣味感知器一直處于工作狀態(tài)是效率低的。因此正確答案為C。
35.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查語義銜接和詞匯辨析。A項(xiàng)introduce“介紹”,B項(xiàng)summon“召集,召喚”,C項(xiàng)trigger“觸發(fā),引起”,D項(xiàng)create“創(chuàng)造”;根據(jù)句子Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstobethatbrainfindsitincompetenttokeepallsmellreceptorsworkingallthetimebutcan…newreceptorsifnecessary.(關(guān)于鼻子對氣味不敏感的解釋是大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)讓所有的氣味感知器一直處于工作狀態(tài)是效率低的,但是如有需要又可以……新的氣味感知器)可知,從空格后面的new來判斷,只有create才符合邏輯。因此正確答案為D。
36.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)still“仍然”,B項(xiàng)also“也”,C項(xiàng)otherwise“否則”,D項(xiàng)nevertheless“然而,雖然如此”;根據(jù)句子Thismay…explainwhywearenotusuallysensitivetoourownsmells—wesimplydonotneedtobe.(這或許……解釋為什么我們通常對自己的氣味不敏感-我們根本不需要對自己的氣味敏感),“this”這個(gè)詞表明了邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該是并列,翻譯成“也”,表示和前面的句子是相同或者相近的含義,因此正確答案為B。
37.【試題答案】C
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)sure“確信”,B項(xiàng)sick“厭惡”,C項(xiàng)aware“意識(shí)到,知道”,D項(xiàng)tired“厭倦”;根據(jù)句子Wearenot…oftheusualsmellofourownhouse(我們沒有……自己家里平常的氣味),可知,這里應(yīng)該是表示聞到/知道自己家的氣味,因此根據(jù)句意,正確答案為C。
38.【試題答案】D
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)tolerate“忍受”,B項(xiàng)repel“抵制”,C項(xiàng)neglect“忽視”,D項(xiàng)notice“注意到”;根據(jù)句子Wearenotawareoftheusualsmellofourownhousebutwe…newsmellswhenwevisitsomeoneelse’s.(我們意識(shí)不到自己家里的平常的氣味,但是在拜訪別人家時(shí),我們……新的氣味),可知,這里應(yīng)該是聞到新的氣味,因此根據(jù)句意,正確答案為D。
39.【試題答案】A
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)available“可達(dá)到的,可工作的”,B項(xiàng)reliable“可靠的”,C項(xiàng)identifiable“可辨認(rèn)的”,D項(xiàng)suitable“適合的”;根據(jù)句子Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors…forunfamiliarandemergencysignals(大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)最好讓嗅覺感受器保持……來接收陌生和緊急信號(hào))和前一句“我們意識(shí)不到自己家里的平常的氣味”可知,這里應(yīng)該是表示“最好使氣味感知器隨時(shí)接受不熟悉和緊急信號(hào)”,因此根據(jù)句意,正確答案為A。
40.【試題答案】B
【試題解析】考查語義銜接。A項(xiàng)similarto“相似于”,B項(xiàng)suchas“例如”,C項(xiàng)alongwith“和……一起”,D項(xiàng)asidefrom“除……之外”;根據(jù)句子Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptorsavailableforunfamiliarandemergencysignals…thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.(大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)自己最使氣味感知器隨時(shí)接受不熟悉的和緊急的信號(hào),……預(yù)示火的危險(xiǎn)的煙的氣味)句意可知,這里需要填表示列舉意義的短語,因此正確答案為B。
7.單選題
Themedicine()hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.activated
B.alleviated
C.mediated
D.deteriorated
【答案】B
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。activate“刺激,使活動(dòng)”;alleviate“減輕,緩和”;mediate“調(diào)解,居中”;deteriorate“惡化”。句意:這種藥減輕了他的疼痛,但是沒有治愈他的病。由but…可知空格處所填詞的內(nèi)容性質(zhì)與其相反,故B項(xiàng)正確。
8.單選題
_____,hedoesnotloveher.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Ashelikesherverymuch
B.Thoughmuchhelikesher
C.Muchalthoughhelikesher
D.Muchthoughhelikesher
【答案】D
【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,句子需倒裝,所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤;although和though可互換,但although在句中不需要倒裝,所以選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤;though在句中需要倒裝,但選項(xiàng)B語序不當(dāng),所以選項(xiàng)D正確。
9.單選題
OntheafternoonofJuly2,1936,NaziSSleaderHeinrichHimmlerandacoterieofhisseniorofficersparadedonfootthroughthewindingcobblestonestreetsofQuedlinburg,oneofthemostperfectlypreservedmedievalcitiesinallEurope.Himmler’sstaffhadbeenplanningthetriptothesmallcityincentralGermanyforweeks.Theyorderedthestreetstobecleanedandtheoldhousesalongthemainthoroughfarestobepainted.TheydrapedNazibannersfromtherooftopsandgarlandsalongthewalls.TheyrehearsedtheSSband,drilledthelocalchapterofHitlerYouthandarrangedforanSSphotographertorecordtheproceedingsfrombeginningtoend.Nothingofimportancewasoverlooked.
Dressedinashinyblackhelmet,immaculateblackuniformandtallblackboots,Himmlermadehiswayupthecity’sCastleHill.Paleandanemic-looking,withaspindlyframeandaheadoneortwosizestoosmallforhisbody,helookedstrangelyoutofplaceamonghisentourageoftall,athletic-lookingSSmen.HestoppedtoadmireQuedlinburg’ssplendidstonecastle,thenproceededtoitslargemedievalcathedral—theultimateobjectofhispilgrimage.HimmlerdespisedChristianity,areligionthatpreachedcompassionfortheweakandthebrotherhoodofallmenandacceptedaJewasthesonofGod.ButtheQuedlinburgcathedralguardedsomethingofimmenseimportancetohim—thetombofanobscure10th-centuryGermanking,HeinrichI.
Himmlerwasenthralledbyancienthistory,andhewantedallSSmentosharehispassion.Indeed,heregardedthefeudalpastasablueprintforthefuturegloryoftheThirdReich.HeviewedHeinrichIasagreatleaderwhocouldserveasamodelforAdolfHitlerandplannedtotransformthecathedral’sdustytombintoanSSshrine.HimmlerstoodatthefootofthecryptandgaveaspeechexhortinghisofficerstopaycarefulheedtoGermany’sproudancientpast,“Justasatreewithersifitsrootsareremoved,soapeoplefalliftheydonothonortheirancestors,”helaterwarned.
Foryears,scholarsoftheThirdReichhaveridiculedHimmler’sintenseinterestintheGermanpast,dismissingoccasionssuchashisvisittoQuedlinburgasthefoolishnessofafanaticdrunkonpower.EvensomeseniorNazispokedfunathisardorforhistory.AsAlbertSpeer,Hitler’sformerchiefarchitect,jeeredafterthewar,Himmler“washalfschoolmaster,halfcrackpot”.ButHimmlerwasdeadlyseriousaboutreturningtheThirdReichtothelostgoldenageofhisimagination.In1935hefoundedalargeSSresearchinstitute,employingmorethan100GermanscholarstostudythepastandhelptutorSSmeninthewaysoftheirancestors.Withsuchresearch,heintendedtotransformvaststretchesoftheReichintomedievalfiefdomsruledbySSlords,aplanhebeganactingonbeforethewar.Farfrombeingadreamerlostinfantasy,Himmlerwasacareful,methodicalplannerwhoworkeddiligentlytowardthissinisterfutureinmuchthesametirelesswaythathelaboredoncreatingtheconcentrationcampsystemandimplementinga“finalsolution”.Indeed,thesewerethetwinpolesofhisexistence,theyinandyangofhisworld:thesqualid,crowdedcampsandthesunnySSfarmvillages.
Himmlersetaboutconstructingthisfutureinthreeways.Herecruitedtall,blond-hairedmentotheSSinordertoscientificallyrebreedwhathebelievedwasaprimevalmasterrace.Withthehelpofhisresearchers,heinstructedSSmenandtheirfamiliesinancientGermanreligion,loreandfarmingpractices.Andbeforethewarstarted,hebeganinstallingSSfamiliesin“feudal”villagesofnewlyfabricatedmedieval-stylehouses.HeplannedtocreatethousandsoftheseantiquecoloniesinconqueredlandsacrossEasternEurope.Inthisway,Himmlerhopedtogivebirthtoanewgoldenage,therebyreversingthedeclineofWesterncivilizationandrescuinghumanityfromitsmire.Thiswassocialengineeringinitsmostswaggering,arrogantform—utopianismgonehorriblywrong.ButHimmler,whorosetobecomethesecondmostpowerfulmanintheReichbyearly1945asHitler’shealthfailed,follyintendedtocarryoutthatplanifNaziGermanywonthewar.OnlycrushingdefeatbytheAlliesstoppedhim.
1.Whichofthefollowingexpressionsisclosestinmeaningto“coterie”?
2.WhichofthefollowingphrasesbestdescribeshowHimmlerintendedallSSmentoassimilateGermany’sfeudalpast?
3.Fromthispassage,itisclearthatHimmlerprimarilyintended(
).
4.ForAlbertSpeerHimmlerwas“halfschoolmaster,halfcrackpot”.Inwhichofthefollowingisthemeaningofthisquoteclosest?
5.Fortheauthor,Himmlerwouldbestbedescribedas(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Aselectedgroupofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanotherfrequently.
B.Alargenumberofpersonswithwhomonemightmeetonsocialoccasions.
C.Anindiscriminategroupofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanotheronrareoccasions.
D.Alargenumberofpersonswhoassociatewithoneanothertodiscusspoliticalmatters.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Esotericcultandpractices.
B.Eccentricapproach.
C.Catatonicstate.
D.Histrionicdisorder.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.tobringancientagriculturalpracticesinto20thcenturyGermany
B.toreturntoaprosperouseraduringwhichtheGermanpeoplelivedinidealhappiness
C.toencouragethedevelopmentofmulticulturalisminameltingpotsociety
D.toeliminateallthosewhocouldhavethreatenedhisrisetopower
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastwasregardedasabsurd.
B.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastprovokedintenserivalryamongotherprominentNazileaders.
C.Himmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpastprovokedwidespreademulationamongstotherprominentNazileaders.
D.OthershadtheprivilegeofstudyingtheaweinspiringbreadthanddepthofHimmler’spassionforGermany’smedievalpast.
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.autopianreformer
B.anincurableromanticlostintime
C.animprobablevisionary
D.alevel-headedpurpose-drivenman
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:A
第3題:B
第4題:A
第5題:D
【解析】第1題:1.判斷推理題。題干中關(guān)鍵詞coterie出現(xiàn)在文章首段首句,acoterieof用來修飾后面的hisseniorofficers,是量詞。前面主人公是納粹黨衛(wèi)軍領(lǐng)袖,他與軍官們自然是處于同一陣線的。A選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)?;ハ嘟煌囊唤M人”;B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)人在社交場合可能會(huì)遇到的許多人”;C選項(xiàng)“無差別的一群人,只會(huì)在極少數(shù)情況下有往來”;D選項(xiàng)“許多人互相聯(lián)系討論政治問題”。軍隊(duì)領(lǐng)袖與他的軍官之間自然是屬于第一類“經(jīng)?;ハ嘟煌囊唤M人”。
第2題:2.判斷推理題。本題關(guān)鍵在于“howHimmlerintendedallSSmentoassimilateGermany’sfeudalpast(希姆萊打算如何讓所有黨衛(wèi)軍成員同化德國的封建歷史)”,相關(guān)信息出現(xiàn)在第三段第二句“heregardedthefeudalpastasablueprintforthefuturegloryoftheThirdReich”,他認(rèn)為過去的封建制度是第三帝國輝煌的未來藍(lán)圖。緊跟著第三句說到“...plannedtotransformthecathedral’sdustytombintoanSSshrine”,計(jì)劃將大教堂布滿灰塵的墳?zāi)棺兂牲h衛(wèi)軍的圣地。在最后一段第三句中提到“…h(huán)einstructedSSmenandtheirfamiliesinancientGermanreligion,loreandfarmingpractices”,他教導(dǎo)黨衛(wèi)軍士兵和他們的家人學(xué)習(xí)古德國的宗教、知識(shí)和耕作方法。對比選項(xiàng)可知,A選項(xiàng)“宗教信仰和實(shí)踐”符合題意。
第3題:3.判斷推理題。本題關(guān)鍵在于“Himmlerprimarilyintended(希姆萊主要目的是)”,最后兩段說了希姆萊的一些做法及計(jì)劃,但是關(guān)鍵在于最后一段中第六句說到“Inthisway,Himmlerhopedtogivebirthtoanewgoldenage,therebyreversingthedeclineofWesterncivilizationandrescuinghumanityfromitsmire”,通過這種方式,希姆萊希望創(chuàng)造出一個(gè)新的黃金時(shí)代,從而扭轉(zhuǎn)西方文明的衰落,將人類從泥潭中拯救出來。因此,希姆萊的主要意圖是B選項(xiàng)“復(fù)興德國人曾幸福生活的繁榮時(shí)代”。
第4題:4.語義題。AlbertSpeer對于希姆萊的這句評(píng)價(jià)出現(xiàn)在文章第四段第三句,他人的評(píng)價(jià)可以認(rèn)為是“果”,而“因”則要往前面找。本段第一句說到“Foryears,scholarsoftheThirdReichhaveridiculedHimmler’sintenseinterestintheGermanpast,dismissingoccasionssuchashisvisittoQuedlinburgasthefoolishnessofafanaticdrunkonpower.”第三帝國的學(xué)者們一直嘲笑希姆萊對德國歷史的濃厚興趣,認(rèn)為像他訪問奎德林堡這樣的場合是一個(gè)醉心于權(quán)力的狂熱分子的愚蠢行為。換句話說希姆萊對德國中世紀(jì)歷史的熱愛被認(rèn)為是荒謬的,A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
第5題:5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。作者在第四段對于希姆萊做了這樣的評(píng)價(jià)“Farfrombeingadreamerlostinfantasy,Himmlerwasacareful,methodicalplanner”,說他并不是迷失在幻想中的夢想家,而是細(xì)心、有條理的策劃者。A選項(xiàng)autopianreformer“一個(gè)烏托邦式的改革者”;B選項(xiàng)anincurableromanticlostintime“迷失在時(shí)間里的無可救藥的浪漫主義者”;C選項(xiàng)animprobablevisionary“一個(gè)幾乎不可能的空想家”;D選項(xiàng)alevel-headedpurpose-drivenman“頭腦冷靜、目標(biāo)明確的人”。綜合選項(xiàng)與文意可知D選項(xiàng)正確。
10.單選題
Afullgrownoaktreeprovidesampleshadeforasummerpicnic.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.slothful
B.inert
C.spacious
D.late
【答案】C
【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】
A.slothful懶惰的B.inert沒有行動(dòng)力的
C.spacious寬敞的D.late晚的
【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】修飾語與被修飾語的搭配
【解題思路】劃線詞修飾的是shade“陰影;陰涼處”,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)spacious“寬敞的”可以與之搭配。原詞ample“充足的”,足夠的陰涼處,即陰涼的地方非常寬敞。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)不符合原文搭配與句意。
【句意】一棵成熟的橡樹為夏季野餐提供了充足寬敞的陰涼地。
11.單選題
ThePrimeMinisterdeniedthatthepresident()anyinformationaboutthetransferandtransactionofthenuclearweaponsinNorthKorea.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.keptsilentabout
B.wasprivyto
C.wasknowledgeableabout
D.hadastakein
【答案】B
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。keptsilentabout“保持沉默”;wasprivyto“參與,對……知情”;wasknowledgeableabout“熟悉”;hadastakein“與……利害攸關(guān)”。句意:首相否認(rèn),總統(tǒng)對朝鮮核武器的轉(zhuǎn)讓和交易知情。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。
12.單選題
Havinghadherasaprofessorandadviser,Icantellyouthatsheisan(
)forcewhopushesherstudentstoexcelfarbeyondtheirownexpectations.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.inspirational
B.educational
C.excessive
D.instantaneous
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。inspirational意為“啟發(fā)靈感的,鼓舞人心的”;educational意為“教育的”;excessive意為“過度的,極度的”;instantaneous意為“瞬間的”。
句意:有了她作為教授和顧問,我可以告訴你,她是一股鼓舞人心的力量,她能鼓勵(lì)她的學(xué)生們發(fā)揮出超出他們自己的期望。
13.翻譯題
TranslatingthefollowingpassagesfromEnglishintoChinese.
FormerEnglandcaptainDavidBeckhamistoretireattheendoftheseason.The38-year-oldsignedafive-monthdealatParisSt-GermaininJanuaryanddonatedallofhissalarytocharity.
Beckhammade115appearancesforEnglandand394forManchesterUnited,winningsixPremierLeaguetitlesandtheChampionsLeague.
Here,inhisstatementreleasedtoday,Beckhamtalksabouthisdecisiontoretirefromplaying.
“I’mthankfultoPSGforgivingmetheopportunitytocontinuebutIfeelnowistherighttimetofinishmycareer,playingatthehighestlevel.”
“IfyouhadtoldmeasayoungboyIwouldhaveplayedforandwontrophieswithmyboyhoodclubManchesterUnited,proudlycaptainedandplayedformycountryoveronehundredtimesandlinedupforsomeofthebiggestclubsintheworld,Iwouldhavetoldyouitwasafantasy.I’mfortunatetohaverealizedthosedreams.”
“Tothisday,oneofmyproudestachievementsiscaptainingmycountry.IkneweverytimeIworetheThreeLionsshirt,Iwasnotonlyfollowinginalonglineofgreatplayers,Iwasalsorepresentingeveryfanthatcaredpassionatelyabouttheircountry.I’mhonouredtorepresentEnglandbothonandoffthepitch.”
【答案】前英格蘭隊(duì)隊(duì)長大衛(wèi)?貝克漢姆將于本賽季末退役。今年1月,38歲的小貝在巴黎圣日耳曼簽署了一份為期5個(gè)月的合同,并將自己的全部薪水捐給了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。
貝克漢姆代表英格蘭出場115次,代表曼聯(lián)出場394次,六次獲得英超冠軍和歐冠冠軍。
在他今天發(fā)表的聲明中,貝克漢姆談到了退役的決定。
“我非常感謝巴黎圣日爾曼給我繼續(xù)參賽的機(jī)會(huì),但是我覺得現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候結(jié)束我的職業(yè)生涯了,在最高水平的聯(lián)賽中?!?/p>
“如果你在我很小的時(shí)候告訴我,我會(huì)為曼聯(lián)俱樂部效力并贏得獎(jiǎng)杯,并自豪地?fù)?dān)任隊(duì)長,為我的國家征戰(zhàn)100多次,并為世界上一些偉大的俱樂部效力,我會(huì)告訴你這些只是幻想。幸運(yùn)的是,我實(shí)現(xiàn)了這些夢想?!?/p>
“直到今天,我最引以為豪的事情就是擔(dān)任國家隊(duì)隊(duì)長。每當(dāng)穿上三獅軍團(tuán)的戰(zhàn)衣,我知道我不僅作為一名球員,同一大群偉大的球員合作征戰(zhàn),我也代表著每一位關(guān)心英格蘭的球迷。我很榮幸能夠成為英格蘭的代表,無論是場內(nèi)還是場外。”
14.單選題
Thefinalrecommendationwasthatthee
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