考研考博-英語-昆明理工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-昆明理工大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Techniquesthatcreateanatmosphereofsuspensearecommonlyusedbyfilmmakersto（）theiraudience.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.harass

B.applaud

C.excite

D.arrest

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)harass“騷擾”；B選項(xiàng)applaud“贊同；稱贊”；C選項(xiàng)excite“使興奮；刺激”D選項(xiàng)arrest“逮捕”。句意：電影制作者經(jīng)常用制造懸念氣氛的技巧來刺激觀眾。因此C項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.單選題

The（）ofthespringwaterattractsalotofvisitorsfromalloverthecountry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.clash

B.clarify

C.clarity

D.clatter

【答案】C

【解析】clash沖突；clarify澄清，闡明；clarity清澈，透明；clatter嘩啦聲，嘈雜聲。句意：清澈的泉水吸引了許多來自全國各地的游客。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

3.單選題

Iftheinvestmenttaxcreditis()asapartoftaxreformplan,thecapital-intensivebusinessessuchassteel-makersandairlinerswillfaceahardtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.repealed

B.inferred

C.induced

D.appealed

【答案】A

【解析】repealed廢止，撤銷；inferred推測；induced引誘，說服；appealed呼吁，求助。句意：如果投資抵稅被取消來作為稅收改革計(jì)劃的一部分，鋼鐵制造商和航空公司等資本密集型企業(yè)將面臨艱難時(shí)期。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

4.單選題

Bysigningtheleasewemadea（

）topayarentof$200aweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conception

B.commission

C.commitment

D.confinement

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)conception“概念，設(shè)想”；B選項(xiàng)commission“委員會(huì)；傭金”；C選項(xiàng)commitment“承諾，保證”；D選項(xiàng)confinement“限制，監(jiān)禁”。句意：通過簽訂租約，我們承諾每周支付200美元的租金。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

5.單選題

Itwasthetrainingthathehadasayoungman（

）madehimsuchagreatlawyer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.has

C.what

D.later

【答案】A

【解析】句意:正是他年輕時(shí)接受的訓(xùn)練使他成為了一位偉大的律師。

語法題?？疾閺?qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為:Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+that/who(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語且主語指人)+其他部分。題干強(qiáng)調(diào)主語thetraining,所以連接詞應(yīng)該用that。

6.單選題

To（）aroomistokeepitsuppliedwithfreshair.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.blaze

B.ventilate

C.boast

D.violate

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)blaze“燃燒；怒視”；B選項(xiàng)ventilate“（使）通風(fēng)”；C選項(xiàng)boast“吹噓；以有……而自豪”；D選項(xiàng)violate“違反；侵犯”。句意：……就是使它充滿新鮮空氣。后文的freshair“新鮮空氣”，想在室內(nèi)呼吸到新鮮空氣就需要給房間通風(fēng)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

We'releavingatsixo'clockandhope（）mostofthejourneybylunchtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.todo

B.tohavedone

C.tomake

D.tohavemade

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們準(zhǔn)備六點(diǎn)離開，希望吃午飯的吋候已經(jīng)完成了大部分旅程。

語法題?？疾镠ope的用法。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞bylunchtime(吃中飯的吋候?yàn)橹?可知前面的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用完成時(shí),表示已經(jīng)完成。hopetodosth.希望去做某事,綜上所述,答案選B。

8.單選題

Theyboughtthelandwitha______tobuildanewofficeblock.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.purpose

B.view

C.goal

D.reason

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。A選項(xiàng)purpose“目的（經(jīng)過考慮而要做某事的意圖）”；B選項(xiàng)view“風(fēng)景；視野”；C選項(xiàng)goal“目標(biāo)（想要通過一段時(shí)間的努力而在未來實(shí)現(xiàn)某事的意圖）”；D選項(xiàng)reason“理由，原因”。句意：他們買那塊地的______是要建一座新的辦公大樓。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是現(xiàn)在買地，買地是為了以后建辦公大樓，A選項(xiàng)purpose符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

“I’malittleworriedaboutmyfuture,”saidDustinHoffmaninTheGraduate.Heshouldbeluck.AllhehadtoworryaboutwaswhethertohaveanaffairwithMrs.Robinson.Inthesixties,thatwasthesumtotalofpost-graduationanxietysyndrome.

Hoffman’smoderncounterpartsarenotsofortunate.TheMrs.Robinsonsaren’tsittingaroundathomeanymore,seducinggraduates.Theyareoutintheworkplace,doingthehigh-poweredjobsthegraduateswant,butcannotget.Forthosefreshoutofuniversity,desperateforworkbutunabletogetit,thereisabigimbalancebetweensupplyanddemand.Andthereisnonarrowingofthegapinsight.

Thelatestunemploymentfiguresshowthat746,000of18-24year-oldsareunemployed—arecordrateof18percent.Manyofthosewillhavegraduatedthissummer.Theyarenopanickingyet,butasthejobrejectionsmountup,theyarebeginningtofeelashamed.

Ofcourse,itiseasytoblametheGovernmentand,inparticular,thetargetthatLabourhaslongtrumpeted—50percentofschool-leaversinhighereducation.Thatwasnottoosmart.TheGovernmenthasnotonlyfailedtomeetitstarget—theactualfigureisstillcloserto40percent—butithasraisedexpectationstounrealisticlevels.

Parentsfeelasbadlyletdownastheyoungpeoplethemselves.Middle-classfamiliesseetheirgraduateoffspringonthedolequeueandwonderwhytheybotheredpayingschoolfees.Working-classfamiliesfeelanevenkeenersenseofdisappointment.Formanysuchfamilies,gettingachildintouniversitywasthefulfillmentofalifelongdream.Itrepresentedupwardsocialandfinancialmobility.Itwasproofthattheywerelivinginadynamic,economicallysuccessfulcountry.Thatdreamdoesnotseemsorosynow.

Graduateunemploymentisnot,ultimately,apoliticalproblemreadytobesolved.Job-creationschemesforgraduatesareverylowdowninministerialin-trays.IfDavidCameron’sConservativeshadabrilliantideaforguaranteeingeverygraduateawell-paidjob,theywouldhaveunveileditbynow.Itisasocialproblem,thoughamoredeep-seatedsocialproblemthanpeopleperhapsrealize.

26.TheauthorbeginswithanepisodefromTheGraduateinorderto______.

27.Withregardtojobopportunitiesforyounggraduates,theauthorsounds______.

28.Theauthoris______theLabourGovernment’starget:50%ofschoolleaversinhighereducation.

29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutparents’feelingsiscorrect?

30.Towardstheendofthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.supportthefactthatmorewomenareworkingnow

B.showthatfewgraduatesstartedworkingrightaftergraduation

C.demonstratethattheseweremuchfewergraduatesthannow

D.emphasizethesharpcontrastbetweennowandthen

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.pessimistic

B.hopeful

C.indifferent

D.furious

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.infavourof

B.doubtfulabout

C.stronglycriticalof

D.mildlycriticalof

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Working-classparentsfeeljustasdisappointed.

B.Parentsandtheirchildrenfeelequallydisappointed.

C.Middle-classparentsfeelmoredisappointed.

D.Parentsfeelmoredisappointedthantheirchildren.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.therewillbejob-creationschemesforgraduates

B.graduateunemploymentismoreofapoliticalissue

C.graduateunemploymentisbothapoliticalandasocialissue

D.theConservativesaredoingfarfromenoughtosolvetheissue

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

26.TheauthorbeginswithanepisodefromTheGraduateinorderto______.26.作者以《畢業(yè)生》中的一段插曲作為開頭，是為了______。

A.supportthefactthatmorewomenareworkingnowA.支持現(xiàn)在有更多女性工作這一事實(shí)

B.showthatfewgraduatesstartedworkingrightaftergraduationB.說明很少有畢業(yè)生一畢業(yè)就開始工作

C.demonstratethattheseweremuchfewergraduatesthannowC.說明當(dāng)時(shí)的畢業(yè)生要比現(xiàn)在少得多

D.emphasizethesharpcontrastbetweennowandthenD.強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在和那時(shí)之間的鮮明對比

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞TheGraduate定位到第一段，文章開頭以電影《畢業(yè)生》為例，指出60年代畢業(yè)生對將來只是有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心，而且擔(dān)心的并不是找不到工作；第二段緊接著指出，現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的畢業(yè)生們就沒有霍夫曼那么幸運(yùn)了，因?yàn)轭愃齐娪啊读_賓森夫人》的女士們占據(jù)著畢業(yè)生們渴望而又無法得到的高職，供需之間嚴(yán)重失衡。綜合可推斷，這是過去與現(xiàn)在就業(yè)形勢的強(qiáng)烈對比，D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)是為了進(jìn)行對比，并不是題干的目的，屬于以偏概全；

B選項(xiàng)定位第二段倒數(shù)第二句中的“渴望工作卻又找不到工作（desperateforworkbutunabletogetit）”可知，B項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

27.Withregardtojobopportunitiesforyounggraduates,theauthorsounds______.27.關(guān)于年輕畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，作者聽起來______。

A.pessimisticA.很悲觀

B.hopefulB.很有希望

C.indifferentC.很冷漠

D.furiousD.很憤怒

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】定位第二段最后兩句“對于那些剛走出大學(xué)校門、渴望工作卻又找不到工作的人來說，供需之間存在著巨大的失衡（bigimbalance）。目前還沒有縮小這一差距的跡象?！?，從此可見，作者對年輕畢業(yè)生就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的態(tài)度是悲觀的，A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、C選項(xiàng)不符合原文，屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)也屬于曲解原文，文中沒有字眼表明作者情緒激烈到憤怒的程度。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

28.Theauthoris______theLabourGovernment’starget:50%ofschoolleaversinhighereducation.28.作者_(dá)_____工黨政府的目標(biāo)：50%的高中畢業(yè)生接受高等教育。

A.infavourofA.支持

B.doubtfulaboutB.懷疑

C.stronglycriticalofC.強(qiáng)烈批評

D.mildlycriticalofD.溫和批評

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】定位到第四段第一句“當(dāng)然，指責(zé)政府很容易，尤其是工黨長期吹噓（trumpeted）的目標(biāo)：50%的高等教育畢業(yè)生”，從trumpeted一詞可知作者對工黨的做法的嘲諷和不屑之情；結(jié)合第二句“那不太聰明（nottoosmart）”可知，作者對工黨政府的批評還是比較溫和，D項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)與原文相反，屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文，文中作者明確指出“并未達(dá)到該目標(biāo)（failedtomeetitstarget）”，所以這并不是懷疑的態(tài)度；

C選項(xiàng)也屬于曲解原文，作者雖然批評工黨的做法，但文中并沒有出現(xiàn)批評的過激字眼，strongly并沒有體現(xiàn)出來。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutparents’feelingsiscorrect?29.以下關(guān)于父母感受的陳述哪一個(gè)是正確的？

A.Working-classparentsfeeljustasdisappointed.A.工薪階層的父母也同樣感到失望。

B.Parentsandtheirchildrenfeelequallydisappointed.B.父母和他們的孩子同樣感到失望。

C.Middle-classparentsfeelmoredisappointed.C.中產(chǎn)階級的父母感到更失望。

D.Parentsfeelmoredisappointedthantheirchildren.D.父母比孩子更失望。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】定位文章倒數(shù)第二段首句“父母和年輕人一樣感到非常失望”，可知，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位第五段第三句“工薪階層家庭的失望感更加強(qiáng)烈（anevenkeenersenseofdisappointment）”可知，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)定位第二句“中產(chǎn)階級家庭看到他們的畢業(yè)生子女在領(lǐng)取失業(yè)救濟(jì)金的隊(duì)伍中，不明白他們?yōu)槭裁匆秾W(xué)費(fèi)”，第一句講的是“父母和孩子一樣失望”，所以中產(chǎn)階級父母同樣感到失望，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

D選項(xiàng)與原文相反，也屬于反向干擾。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

30.Towardstheendofthepassage,theauthorimpliesthat______.30.在文章的最后，作者暗示______。

A.therewillbejob-creationschemesforgraduatesA.將會(huì)有為畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)造就業(yè)的計(jì)劃

B.graduateunemploymentismoreofapoliticalissueB.大學(xué)生失業(yè)更多的是一個(gè)政治問題

C.graduateunemploymentisbothapoliticalandasocialissueC.大學(xué)生失業(yè)既是一個(gè)政治問題，也是一個(gè)社會(huì)問題

D.theConservativesaredoingfarfromenoughtosolvetheissueD.保守黨在解決這個(gè)問題上做得還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位到最后一段第一句“從根本上說，畢業(yè)生失業(yè)并不是一個(gè)有待解決的政治問題（apoliticalproblemreadytobesolved）”，換句話說，畢業(yè)生失業(yè)是一個(gè)政治問題，但是不容易解決；最后一句又說“這是一個(gè)社會(huì)問題（asocialproblem），盡管這個(gè)社會(huì)問題比人們可能意識到的更根深蒂固”，所以畢業(yè)生失業(yè)問題既是一個(gè)政治問題也是一個(gè)社會(huì)問題，C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位最后一段第二句“為畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的計(jì)劃在政府部門的公文中處于非常低的位置”可知，為畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)造就業(yè)的計(jì)劃暫時(shí)沒有，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B選項(xiàng)不全面，屬于以偏概全；

D選項(xiàng)作者明確指出，這個(gè)問題不是想解決就能解決的政治問題，所以屬于曲解原文。

10.單選題

Ifeelratherata（

）talkingtoher,becausesheissoclever.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.defect

B.fault

C.disadvantage

D.mistake

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。defect“缺點(diǎn)，缺陷”；fault“錯(cuò)誤，缺點(diǎn)，毛病”；disadvantage“缺點(diǎn)，不利條件，損失”；mistake“錯(cuò)誤，誤會(huì)，過失”。句意：我感覺跟她談話不占優(yōu)勢，因?yàn)樗斆髁?。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

11.單選題

Whydosomedesertplantsgrowtallandthinlikeorganpipes?Whydomosttreesinthetropicskeeptheirleavesyearround?WhyintheArctictundraaretherenotreesatall?Aftermanyyearswithoutconvincinggeneralanswers,wenowknowmuchaboutwhatsetsthefashioninplantdesign.

Usingterminologymorecharacteristicofathermalengineerthanofabotanist,wecanthinkofplantsasmechanismsthatmustbalancetheirheatbudgets.AplantbydayisstakedoutundertheSunwithnowayofshelteringitself.Alldaylongitabsorbsheat.Ifitdidnotloseasmuchheatasitgained,theneventuallyitwoulddie.

Plantsgetridoftheirheatbywarmingtheairaroundthem,byevaporatingwater,andbyradiatingheattotheatmosphereandthecold,blackreachesofspacetemperatureistolerablefortheprocessesoflife.PlantsintheArctictundralieclosetothegroundinthethinlayerofstillairthatclingsthere.AfootortwoabovethegroundarethewindsofArcticcold.TundraplantsabsorbheatfromtheSunandtendtowarmup;theyprobablybalancemostoftheirheatbudgetsbyradiatingheattospace,butalsobywarmingthestillairthatistrappedamongthem.AslongasArcticplantsareclosetotheground,theycanbalancetheirheatbudgets.Butiftheyshouldstretchupasatreedoes,theywouldlifttheirworkingparts,theirleaves,intothestreamingArcticwinds.ThenitislikelythattheplantscouldnotabsorbenoughheatfromtheSuntoavoidbeingcooledbelowacriticaltemperature.YourheatbudgetdoesnotbalanceifyoustandtallintheArctic.

Suchthinkingalsohelpsexplainothercharacteristicsofplantdesign.AdesertplantfacestheoppositeproblemfromthatofanArcticplant—thedangerofoverheating.Itisshortofwaterandsocannotcoolitselfbyevaporationwithoutdehydrating.Thefamiliarsticklikeshapeofdesertplantsrepresentsoneofthesolutionstothisproblem:theshapeexposesthesmallestpossiblesurfacetoincomingsolarradiationandprovidesthelargestpossiblesurfacefromwhichtheplantcanradiateheat.Intropicalrainforests,bywayofcontrast,thescorchingsunisnotaproblemforplantsbecausethereissufficientwater.

Thisworkingmodelallowsustoconnectthegeneralcharacteristicsoftheformsofplantsindifferenthabitatswithfactorssuchastemperature,availabilityofwater,andpresenceorabsenceofseasonaldifferences.OurEarthiscoveredwithapatchworkquiltofmeteorologicalconditions,andthepatternsofthispatchworkarefaithfullyreflectedbytheplants.

1.Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsofplantsdoesthepassageprimarilyfocuson?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingismostresponsibleforpreventingtreesfromgrowingtallintheArctic?

3.Theauthorsuggeststhatthe"sticklikeshapeofdesertplants"inLine3(Paragraph4)canbeattributedtothe（）

4.Allofthefollowingarementionedinthepassageascontributionstotheplants,balancingtheirheatEXCEPT.

5.WhichistheTRUEstatementaboutthedifferentplants?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theirabilitytogrowequallywellinallenvironments.

B.TheireffectsontheEarth'satmosphere.

C.Theirabilitytostorewaterfordryperiods.

D.Theirabilitytobalanceheatintakeandoutput.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thehard,frozenground.

B.Thesmallamountofavailablesunshine.

C.Thecold,destructivewinds.

D.Thelargeamountofsnowthatfallseachyear.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.inabilityoftheplantstoradiateheattotheairaroundthem

B.presenceofirregularseasonaldifferencesinthedesert

C.largesurfaceareathattheplantsmustexposetotheSun

D.extremeheatandaridityofthehabitat

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.radiatingheattotheatmosphere

B.warmingtheairaroundthem

C.absorbingheatfromthesun

D.evaporatingwater

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Arcticplantsexposethesmallestpossiblesurfacetoincomingsolarradiation.

B.Tropicalplantsareusuallynotaffectedbythestrongsunshine.

C.Desertplantsgrowdenselyclosetotheground.

D.Plantsindifferentregionsshownorelationstotheseasons.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:主旨思想題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句"plantsasmechanismsthatmustbalancetheirheatbudgets."植物作為生物體要保持熱量的平衡，之后的段落主要說明植物是如何保持熱量平衡的。所以本文主要圍繞植物吸收與散發(fā)熱量的平衡來展開說明。選項(xiàng)D正確。

第2題:根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，只要北極植物靠近地面，就能平衡熱量收支，如果北極植物過高，則會(huì)受到北極風(fēng)的影響，從而無法從太陽吸收足夠的熱量。所以，北極植物長得矮主要是受北極的風(fēng)影響，選項(xiàng)C正確。

第3題:信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第三句"Itisshortofwaterandsocannotcoolitselfbyevaporationwithoutdehydrating"它缺少水，所以不脫水就不能通過蒸發(fā)來冷卻自己。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句"Plantsgetridoftheirheatbywarmingtheairaroundthem,byevaporatingwater,andbyradiatingheattotheatmosphere"。只有選項(xiàng)C沒有提及。

第5題:信息判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知選項(xiàng)A指的是沙漠植物而不是北極植物；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的最后一句"Intropicalrainforests,...thescorchingsunisnotaproblemforplants..."可知選項(xiàng)B正確；選項(xiàng)C描述的是北極植物；根據(jù)最后一段的第一句可知，不同地區(qū)的植物與季節(jié)相關(guān)，所以選項(xiàng)D也錯(cuò)誤。

12.填空題

Hediscoveredfromthetimetablethatthetrainwas(1)intwentyminutes.Edgarsettledhimselfintoacorner,worriedin(2)whenpeoplesawhimtheywouldallwonder(3)achildlikehimwasmakingatrainjourneyalone.Hesighedwith(4)whenatlastheheardthefirstsoundofthetrainandthensawitroarin—thetrain(5)wastotakehimoutintotheworld.

Asheclimbed(6)henoticedhisticketwassecond-class.He(7)alwaystravelledfirst-classbeforeandagainhefeltthateverythinghadchanged.Therewere,differenceshehadnever(8)before.His(9)companionswerenot(10)thoseheusuallymet.SomeItalianworkmenwithhardhandsandroughvoicessatopposite(11)spadesandshovels,andlooked,outwithdull,blankexpressions.Theyhadbeenworkingto(12)money.Edgar(13),buthecouldnotimagine,howmuchitcouldbe.Hebecame(14)forthefirsttimethathewasaccustomedasamatterof(15)toanairofcomfortableease,inhislife,andthere,wassomuch,heknewnothingabout.

Edgarbegantoseemanythingsfromthatnarrowcompartmentwithitswindowstothe(16)world.He(17)outofthewindowwithneweyes.Anditseemed,tohimthat,hesaweverythinginitsproperlightforthefirsttime.Housesfledbyas(18)blownawaybythewind,andthismadehimthinkaboutthepeoplewholivedinthem.Werethey(19)orpoor,happyormiserable?Didthey(20),ashedidtoknoweverything?

【答案】1.due

2.case

3.why

4.relief

5.that

6.aboard

7.had

8.noted

9.journey

10.like

11.holding

12.earn

13.thought

14.aware

15.course

16.outside

17.looked

18.though

19.rich

20.long

【解析】1.空格前面是系動(dòng)詞was，系動(dòng)詞后面可以接名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞、動(dòng)名詞等。此句表示：他從時(shí)刻表上得知火車將在20分鐘后到達(dá)。因此填入形容詞due一詞。

2.此處填入的詞應(yīng)與in構(gòu)成搭配，因此填入case，符合句意。

3.這里應(yīng)填一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，該引導(dǎo)詞后的從句做wonder的賓語，因此填why比較符合句意。句意：埃德加在一個(gè)角落里坐了下來，心里很擔(dān)心，生怕人們一看見他就會(huì)納悶，像他這樣的孩子為什么要獨(dú)自乘火車旅行。

4.sighwithrelief是固定搭配，表示“松了一口氣”。

5.該空所在的部分結(jié)構(gòu)為：名詞thetrain+空格+謂語，因此空格處應(yīng)為一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，thetrain后面是一個(gè)定語從句用來修飾限定thetrain，故填that。句意：當(dāng)他終于聽到火車的第一聲鳴笛時(shí)，他松了一口氣，然后看到火車呼嘯而來——那輛火車將帶他去外面的世界。

6.climbaboard是固定搭配，表示“上車”，符合句意。

7.根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞before跟后面的動(dòng)詞felt可知這里應(yīng)為travel一詞的過去完成時(shí)形式。

8.空格前面是hadnever，所以空格處應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式，句意為：有些不一樣了，而他以前從未察覺。因此noted符合句意。

9.journey表示“長途旅行”，符合句意。句意：他的旅伴不再像他通常遇到的那些一樣了。

10.belike表示“像……，和……一樣”符合句意。句意：他的旅伴不再像他通常遇到的那些一樣了。

11.該處應(yīng)填入一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式做Italianworkmen的后置定語，其賓語為spadesandshovels（鐵鍬），因此填holding比較合適。

12.空格處所填詞賓語為money，故動(dòng)詞earn比較合適。

13.這里應(yīng)為Edgarthough做插入語。句意：他們一直在工作掙錢。埃德加想了想，但他無法想象，會(huì)有多少錢。

14.此處表示“他意識到”，并且空格前是系動(dòng)詞became，因此用形容詞aware。

15.asamatterofcourse為固定搭配，表示“自然地”。句意：他第一次意識到，在他的生活中，他習(xí)慣了一種自然的舒適的氣氛，而他所不知道的還有很多。

16.這里表示“通向外面世界”，因此填入outside。句意：埃德加開始從那個(gè)開著窗戶通向外面世界的狹小隔間里看到許多東西。

17.lookoutofthewindow是固定搭配，表示“看向窗外”，句意：他用新的眼光看著窗外。

18.asthough表示“好像；仿佛”，符合句意。句意：房子好像被風(fēng)吹走了似的，呼嘯而過。

19.根據(jù)后面的happyormiserable（快樂或者痛苦）可知此處所填詞應(yīng)跟poor是反義詞，因此rich比較合適。

20.longtodosth.表示“渴望做某事”，句意：難道他們也像他一樣渴望知道一切嗎?

13.單選題

Somelinguistsbelievethatthe（）ageforchildrenlearningaforeignlanguageis5to8.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.optimistic

B.optional

C.optimal

D.oppressed

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)optimistic“樂觀的，樂觀主義的”；B選項(xiàng)optional“可選擇的，隨意的”；C選項(xiàng)optimal“最佳的，最理想的”；D選項(xiàng)oppressed“受壓制的，受壓迫的”。句意：一些語言學(xué)家認(rèn)為兒童學(xué)習(xí)外語的（）年齡是5到8歲。本句表示“兒童學(xué)習(xí)外語的最佳年齡”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

Thegirlwas（）Juliaafterhergrandmother.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appointed

B.named

C.nominated

D.elected

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。benamedafter以…的名字命名，和…的名字一樣。句意：這個(gè)女孩以她祖母的名字命名為茱莉亞。選項(xiàng)B正確。

15.單選題

Thosegiftsofrarebooksthatweregiventousweredeeply（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.appreciated

B.approved

C.appealed

D.applied

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。appreciate“感激”；approve“贊成，批準(zhǔn)”；appeal“吸引”；apply“使用”。句意：對于贈(zèng)送給我們這些珍貴的書籍作為禮物，我們感到深深的感激。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

16.單選題

（

）isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.There

B.This

C.That

D.It

【答案】D

【解析】考查形式主語的用法。本句缺少主語。that引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)完整的句子，由此可知句首只需要一個(gè)形式主語。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有D選項(xiàng)it可充當(dāng)形式主語。句意：英語正在被接受為一種國際語言，這是一個(gè)事實(shí)。

17.單選題

Indigoisavatcolor,（）calledbecauseitdoesnotdissolveinwater.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichis

B.itis

C.but

D.so

【答案】D

【解析】考查副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。A選項(xiàng)使用主動(dòng)語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，并且謂語重復(fù)，排除；B選項(xiàng)謂語重復(fù)，排除；C選項(xiàng)but后面缺少主語，排除。D選項(xiàng)so是一個(gè)副詞，意思是“這樣地”。句意：靛藍(lán)是一種染色用顏色，之所以這樣稱呼是因?yàn)樗蝗苡谒?。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Thestudentcontinuedtodomischiefinclasseventhoughhisteacherrepeatedlytoldhim______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.notdoing

B.not

C.notto

D.to

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞搭配。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)生在課堂上繼續(xù)惡作劇，盡管他的老師一再告訴他不要這樣做。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞搭配tellsb.(not)todosth.確定C選項(xiàng)notto符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

What’sthebestteacher?Experience,ofcourse!It’spriceless.

Itcomesfromwhatyouyourselfhaveseen,heard,tasted,smelledandfelt—whatyouyourselfhavelivedthrough.

Takeacloserlook.Lookatourlimitations.

Nowonderexperienceissopreciousinthatwecan’tbegintogetenoughofit,evencannotexperienceagainwhatwejustlivedthrough.We’renotbornwithinstantreplay.Wecan’tactuallyreliveanymoment.And,obviously,we’relimitedtoonelifetime.

Spaceandtime!Howtheylimitus.Whohasatimemachinetocarryhimbackintohistory?Noone.It’sthesamewithspace.

Wecan’tliterallybeintwoplacesatthesametime.Rightnow,youcan’tbesittingwhereyouareandatthesametimebestrollingdownthefamedChampsElyseesinParis(巴黎香榭麗舍大道).

Andthere’ssomuchexperienceweneed.What’sitreallyliketoworkonanassemblyline?What’sitreallyliketobeasecretary?

Here’swherereadingfits.

Itcanbringus,personally,almostunlimitedadditionalexperience;tobesure,it’ssecondhandexperience.Butit’softenso,vividitseemsfirsthand,justasifwe’relivingthroughitourselves,beingmovedtotears,laughterorsuspense.Thatrichrangeofexperienceprovidestheidealsupplementtoourownlimitedexperience;bydoingso,readingbecomesoneofourmostprofoundmind-shapingactivities.

Furthermore,allthisexperienceisavailablewhenwewantit.Booksneverimposeonus.Whenwewantthem,wereachoutandpullthemofftheshellortable.Atourconvenienceweinvitethemtosharetheirunbelievablewealthwithus.

【答案】它（經(jīng)驗(yàn)）來自于你自己的經(jīng)歷，自己看到、聽到、嘗到、聞到和感覺到的東西。

由于我們無法在一開始得到足夠的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，甚至不能再次經(jīng)歷剛經(jīng)歷過的事情，使得經(jīng)驗(yàn)如此寶貴。

我們不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在兩個(gè)地方。現(xiàn)在，你不可能坐在你現(xiàn)在的位置，且同時(shí)漫步在巴黎著名的香榭麗舍大街上。

它能給我們個(gè)人帶來幾乎無限的額外經(jīng)驗(yàn)；當(dāng)然，這是間接的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)為我們有限的經(jīng)驗(yàn)提供了理想的補(bǔ)給；通過這樣做，閱讀成為我們最深刻的思想塑造活動(dòng)之一。

20.單選題

Maryonce（）withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofpopmusic.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.merged

B.collaborated

C.coincided

D.constituted

【答案】B

【解析】句意:瑪麗曾經(jīng)和另一個(gè)音樂家共同創(chuàng)作了一首流行曲。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。merge結(jié)合，融入；collaborate合作，協(xié)作；coincide符合，一致;constitute構(gòu)成，組成。因此B項(xiàng)符合句意。

21.單選題

Ineducation,thereshouldbeagood（）amongthebranchesofknowledgethatcontributetoeffectivethinkingandwisejudgment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.balance

B.distribution

C.combination

D.spread

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)balance“平衡”；B選項(xiàng)distribution“分布，分配”；C選項(xiàng)combination“結(jié)合，組合”；D選項(xiàng)spread“傳播，伸展”。句意：在教育中，幫助養(yǎng)成有效思考與明智判斷的學(xué)科之間應(yīng)該有一個(gè)很好的_____。而根據(jù)句中“學(xué)科之間”這一關(guān)鍵詞，可以判斷出應(yīng)該是在強(qiáng)調(diào)要一個(gè)“好的平衡”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

22.單選題

Therobbersbrokeintothebank,（

）theclerkswithrevolversandforcedthemtogivemoneyjustastheywereabouttoknockoff.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shot

B.frightened

C.amused

D.menaced

【答案】D

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Shot“射擊”；frightened“驚恐，使害怕”；amused“逗樂，使發(fā)笑”；menaced“威脅，恐嚇”。句意：歹徒?jīng)_進(jìn)銀行，在銀行職員打算按警報(bào)器的時(shí)候用槍威脅他們，強(qiáng)迫他們把錢拿出來。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

23.單選題

Idon’tthinkhe’syetfoundhis______inlife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.field

B.track

C.aquatic

D.archaic

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A項(xiàng)field“領(lǐng)域，牧場，曠野”，B項(xiàng)track“軌道，足跡，蹤跡”，C項(xiàng)aquatic“水上運(yùn)動(dòng)，水生植物或動(dòng)物”，D項(xiàng)archaic為形容詞，表示“古代的，陳舊的”。由life（生活、人生）可知，C、D項(xiàng)可排除；把A、B項(xiàng)代入，只有B項(xiàng)最符合。句意：我覺得他還沒找到自己的人生軌跡。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

24.單選題

Untilmeninventedwaysofstayingunderwaterformorethanafewminutes,thewondersoftheworldbelowthesurfaceoftheseawerealmostunknown.Themainproblem,ofcourse,liesinair.Howcouldairbesuppliedtoswimmersbelowthesurfaceofthesea?Picturesmadeabout2,900yearsagoinAsiashowmenswimmingunderthesurfacewithairbagstiedtotheirbodies.Apipefromthebagcarriedairintotheswimmer’smouth.Butlittleprogresswasachievedintheinventionofdivingdevicesuntilabout1490,whenthefamousItalianpainter,LeonardodaVinci,designedacompletedivingsuit.

In1680,anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbagwithaglasswindowtobewornoverthediver’shead.To“clean”theairabreathingpipewentfromtheairbag,throughanotherbagtoremovemoisture,andthenagaintothelargeairbag.Theplandidnotwork,butitgavelaterinventorstheideaofmovingairaroundindivingdevices.

In1819,aGerman,AugustusSiebe,developedawayofforcingairintothehead-coveringbyamachineoperatedabovethewater.Finally,in1837,heinventedthe“hard-hatsuit”thatwastobeusedfornearlyacentury.Ithadametalcoveringfortheheadandanairpipeattachedtoamachineabovethewater.Italsohadsmallopeningstoremoveunwantedair.Butthereweretwodangerstothediverinsidethe“hard-hatsuit”.Onewasthesuddenrisetothesurface,causedbyatoogreatsupplyofair.Theotherwasthecrushingofthebody,causedbyasuddendivingintodeepwater.Thesuddenrisetothesurfacecouldkillthediver;asuddendivecouldforcehisbodyupintothehelmet,whichcouldalsoresultindeath.

Graduallythe“hard-hatsuit”wasimprovedsothatthedivercouldbegivenaconstantsupplyofair.Thedivercouldthenmovearoundundertheoceanwithoutworryingabouttheairsupply.

Duringthe1940sdivingunderwaterwithoutaspecialsuitbecamepopular.Instead,diversusedabreathingdeviceandasmallcoveringmadeofrubberandglassoverpartsoftheface.Toimprovetheswimmer’sspeedanothernewinventionwasused：apieceofrubbershapedlikeagiantfoot,whichwasattachedtoeachofthediver’sownfeet.Themanufactureofrubberbreathingpipesmadeitpossiblefordiverstofloatonthesurfaceofthewater,observingthemarinelifeunderneaththem.Aspecialrubbersuitenabledthemtostayincoldwaterforlongperiods,collectingspecimensofanimalandvegetablelifethathadneverbeenobtainedinthepast.

Themostimportantadvance,however,wastheinventionofaself-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus,whichiscalleda“scuba”.

InventedbytwoFrenchmen,JacquesCousteauandEmileGagnan,thescubaconsistsofamouth-piecejoinedtooneortwotanksofcompressedairwhichareattachedtothediver’sback.

Thescubamakesitpossibleforadiver-scientisttowork200feetunderwaterorevendeeperforseveralhours.Asaresult,scientistscannowmovearoundfreelyatgreatdepths,learningaboutthewondersofthesea.

1.Themainprogressmentionedinthispassagewas（

）.

2.AninventionofanItalianprofessor（

）.

3.Siebes’inventionwasnotaperfectone,because（

）.

4.Theword“scuba”is（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbag

B.meninventedthebestdivingdevices

C.anItalianpainterdesignedacompletedivingsuit

D.anairbag

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.workedoutverywell

B.can“clean”theair

C.inspiredlaterinventions

D.wasusedtoremovemoisture

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.toosmallasupplyofaircouldresultinasuddenrisetothesurface

B.asuddendiveintodeepwatercouldcausethecrushingofthebody

C.theairpipeattachedtoamachinecouldbeabovethesurface

D.bothAandB

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.acertaindiver’sname

B.anoriginalEnglishword

C.namedbytheinventor

D.anacronym

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文中的單詞“invented,developed,improved”以及“themostimportantadvance”可以知道，文章一直在闡述潛水裝備的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“itgavelaterinventorstheidea”這一句得知選項(xiàng)C最符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第三句，“Butthereweretwodangers…Onewas…Theotherwas…,”選項(xiàng)B最符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“self-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus”，可知scuda是首字母縮略詞，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

25.單選題

Whatisthenatureofthescientificattitude,theattitudeofthemanorwomanwhostudiesandappliesphysics,biology,chemistry,geology,engineering,medicineoranyotherscience?Weallknowthatscienceplaysanimportantroleinthesocieties.However,manypeoplebelievethatourprogressdependsontwodifferentaspectsofscience.Thefirstaspectistheapplicationofthemachines,productsandsystemsofknowledgethatscientistsandtechnologistsdevelop.Throughtechnology,scienceimprovesthestructureofsocietyandhelpsmantogainincreasingcontroloverhisenvironment.

Thesecondaspectistheapplicationbyallmembersofsocietyofthespecialmethodsofthoughtandactionthatscientistsuseintheirwork.

Whatarethesespecialmethodsofthinkingandacting?Firstofall,itseemsthatasuccessfulscientistisfullofcuriosityhewantstofindouthowandwhytheuniverseworks.Heusuallydirectshisattentiontowardsproblemswhichhenoticeshavenosatisfactoryexplanation,andhiscuriositymak