考研考博-英語(yǔ)-太原工業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-太原工業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Onlysovereignstatesareabletomaketreaties.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.constitutional

B.powerful

C.legitimate

D.independent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)constitutionaladj.憲法的，本質(zhì)的；B選項(xiàng)powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的，有力的；C選項(xiàng)legitimateadj.合法的，正當(dāng)?shù)?；D選項(xiàng)independentadj.獨(dú)立的，單獨(dú)的，無(wú)黨派的。根據(jù)題意可知，只有主權(quán)獨(dú)立的國(guó)家才能制定條約，因此本題選擇D項(xiàng)。

2.單選題

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld-eventheseasonalchanges-asunpredictable,andtheysoughtthroughvariousmeanstocontroltheseunknownandfearedpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformancesandwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium."Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeings,andmimedthedesiredeffect-successinhuntorbattle,thecomingrain,therevivaloftheSun-asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisviestales(aboutthehunt,war,orotherfeats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthatareimitationsofanimalmovementsandsounds.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whataspectofdramadoestheauthordiscussinthefirstparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

5.Thepassagesupportswhichofthefollowingstatements?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theoriginsoftheater.

B.Theroleofritualinmoderndance.

C.Theimportanceofstorytelling

D.Thevarietyofearlyreligiousactivities

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thereasondramaisoftenunpredictable.

B.Theseasonsinwhichdramaswereperformed.

C.Theconnectionbetweenmythsanddramaticplots.

D.Theimportanceofcostumesinearlydrama.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Dance

B.Costumes

C.Music

D.Magic

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama.

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandrama.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Noonereallyknowshowthetheaterbegan.

B.Mythsarenolongerrepresenteddramatically.

C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdance.

D.Dramaticactivitiesrequiretheuseofcostumes.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。由文章第一段中TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.和第三段中Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling可知整篇文章主要講了戲劇起源的兩種觀點(diǎn)，就此展開(kāi)論述，因此選A。

第2題:推理判斷題。由文章第一段中Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual...Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassedsomeritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama（今天被廣泛接受的一種說(shuō)法是戲劇是基于儀式演變而來(lái)的……最終，故事出現(xiàn)了，這些故事解釋或掩蓋了儀式的奧秘。隨著時(shí)間的推移，一些儀式被拋棄了，但這些后來(lái)被稱為神話的故事依然存在，為藝術(shù)和戲劇提供持久的素材）可知C選項(xiàng)“神話與戲劇性情節(jié)之間的聯(lián)系”符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.可知沒(méi)有提及magic，因此選D。

第4題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段的最后一句Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.（最終這種戲劇性的表現(xiàn)與宗教活動(dòng)分開(kāi)）可知D選項(xiàng)“儀式有宗教目的，戲劇沒(méi)有”符合題意。

第5題:推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.（那些認(rèn)為戲劇從儀式演變出來(lái)的人也認(rèn)為，這些儀式包含了戲劇的因素，因?yàn)橐魳?lè)、舞蹈、面具和服裝幾乎經(jīng)常被使用）可推測(cè)D選項(xiàng)“戲劇活動(dòng)需要使用服裝”正確。

3.單選題

Hereisagreatironyof21st-centuryglobalpublichealth;whilemanyhundredsofmillionsofpeoplelackadequatefoodasaresultofeconomicinequities,politicalcorruption,orwarfare,manyhundredsofmillionsmoreareoverweighttothepointofincreasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases.Obesityisaworldwidephenomenon,affectingchildrenaswellasadultsandforcingallbutthepoorestcountriestodivertscarceresourcesawayfromfoodsecuritytotakecareofpeoplewithpreventableheartdiseaseanddiabetes.

Toreversetheobesityepidemic,wemustaddressfundamentalcauses.Overweightcomesfromconsumingmorefoodenergythanisexpendedinactivity.Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessactive.Marketeconomiesencouragethis.Theyturnpeoplewithexpendableincomeintoconsumersofaggressivelymarketedfoodsthatarehighinenergybutlowinnutritionalvalue,andofcars,televisionsets,andcomputersthatpromotesedentarybehavior.Gainingweightisgoodforbusiness.Foodisparticularlybigbusinessbecauseeveryoneeats.

Moreover,foodissooverproducedthatmanycountries,especiallytherichones,havefarmorethantheyneed—anotherirony.IntheUnitedStates,totakeanextremeexample,mostadults—ofallages,incomes,educationallevels,andcensuscategories—areoverweight.TheU.S.foodsupplyprovides3,800kilocaloriesperpersonperday,nearlytwiceasmuchasrequiredbymanyadults.Overabundantfoodforcescompaniestocompeteforsalesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largerportions,andcampaignsdirectedtowardschildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.Indeed,itisdifficulttothinkofanymajorindustrythatmightbenefitifpeopleatelessfood;certainlynottheagriculture,foodproduct,grocery,restaurant,diet,ordrugindustries.Allflourishwhenpeopleeatmore,andallemployarmiesoflobbyiststodiscouragegovernmentsfromdoinganythingtoinhibitovereating.

1.Thegreatironyof21stcenturyglobalpublichealthrefersto（）.

2.Toaddressthefundamentalcauseoftheobesityepidemic,accordingtothepassage,is（）.

3.Aswecanlearnfromthepassage,thesecondironyrefersto（）.

4.Asaresultofthethirdirony,people（）.

5.Whichofthefollowingcanbeexcludedbasedonthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thecauseofobesityanditscounteractivemeasures

B.theinsufficientandsuperfluousconsumptionoffood

C.thescarcenaturalresourceandthenegligenceoffoodsecurity

D.theconsumptionoffoodandtheincreasedriskofdiet-relateddiseases

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.toimprovepoliticalandeconomicmanagement

B.tocopewiththeenergyimbalanceissue

C.tocombatdiet-relatedchronicdiseases

D.toincreaseinvestmentinglobalhealth

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.affluenceandobesity

B.foodenergyandnutritionalvalue

C.foodbusinessandeconomicprosperity

D.diseasesofcivilizationandpathologyofinactivity

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.consume3800kilocaloriesonadailybasis

B.complainaboutfoodoverproduction

C.havetoraisetheirfoodexpenses

D.aredriventowardsweightgain

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theeconomicdimension.

B.Thepoliticaldimension.

C.Thehumanedimension.

D.Thedietarydimension.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第一段“Hereisagreatironyof21st-centuryglobalpublichealth;whilemanyhundredsofmillionsofpeoplelackadequatefoodasaresultofeconomicinequities,politicalcorruption,orwarfare,manyhundredsofmillionsmoreareoverweighttothepointofincreasedriskfordiet-relatedchronicdiseases”,這是21世紀(jì)全球公共衛(wèi)生的一個(gè)巨大諷刺；雖然由于經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等、政治腐敗或戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，數(shù)以億計(jì)的人缺乏足夠的食物，但還有數(shù)以億計(jì)的人體重過(guò)重，已增加了患與飲食有關(guān)的慢性疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity”,這種失衡的原因同樣具有諷刺意味：繁榮程度的提高，最后一段“Allflourishwhenpeopleeatmore,andallemployarmiesoflobbyiststodiscouragegovernmentsfromdoinganythingtoinhibitovereating”，當(dāng)人們吃得更多的時(shí)候，所有國(guó)家都繁榮昌盛，所有國(guó)家都雇傭成群的說(shuō)客來(lái)阻止政府采取任何措施抑制過(guò)度飲食。由此可知，要解決肥胖的流行，要從經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治方面進(jìn)行管理。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章第二段“Thecauseofthisimbalancealsoisironic:improvedprosperity.Peopleuseextraincometoeatmoreandbelessactive”,這種失衡的原因同樣具有諷刺意味：繁榮程度的提高。人們用額外的收入吃得更多，少做運(yùn)動(dòng)。由此可知，人們?cè)谧兊酶辉５耐瑫r(shí)，卻也有了肥胖癥同樣也是一種諷刺。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到文章最后一段“Overabundantfoodforcescompaniestocompeteforsalesthroughadvertising,healthclaims,newproducts,largerportions,andcampaignsdirectedtowardschildren.Foodmarketingpromotesweightgain.”，過(guò)多的食物迫使公司通過(guò)廣告、健康宣傳、新產(chǎn)品、更大的份量和針對(duì)兒童的活動(dòng)來(lái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)銷售。食品營(yíng)銷促進(jìn)體重增加。由此可知，人們?cè)谶@種食品過(guò)剩的大環(huán)境中，被迫攝入過(guò)多的熱量，最后體重增加。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文中并未涉及到人文維度。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

4.單選題

Historically,humansgetseriousaboutavoidingdisastersonlyafteronehasjuststruckthem.（1）thatlogic,2006shouldhavebeenabreakthroughyearforrationalbehavior.Withthememoryof9/11still

（2）intheirminds.AmericanwatchedhurricaneKatrina,themostexpensivedisasterinU.S.history,on（3）

worsebyourwillfulblindnesstoriskasmuchas（5）toworktogetherbeforeeverythinggoestohell.

Granted,someamountofdelusionisprobablypartofthe（6）condition.InA.D.63,Pompeiiwasseriouslydamagedbyanearthquake,andthelocalsimmediatelywenttowork（7）,

inthesamesnotuntiltheywereburiedaltogetherbyavolcanoeruption16yearslater.Buta（8）ofthepastyearindisasterhistorysuggeststhatmodernAmericansareparticularlybadat（9）themselvesfromguaranteedthreats.Weknowmorethanwe（10）didaboutthedangersweface.Butitturns（11）thatintimesofcrisis,ourgreatestenemyisthestorm,thequakeorthe（13）itself.Moreoften,itisourselves.

Sowhathashappenedintheyearthat（14）thedisasterontheGulfCoast?InNewOrleans,theArmyCorpsofEngineershasworkeddayandnighttorebuildthefloodwalls.Theyhavegotthewallsto（15）

theywerebeforeKatrina,moreorless.That'snot（16）,

wecannowsaywithconfidence.Butitmaybeall（17）canbeexpectedfromoneyearofhustle.

Meanwhile,NewOrleansofficialshavecraftedaplantousebusesandtrainsto（18）thesickandthedisabled.Thecityestimatesthat15,000peoplewillneeda（19）out.However,stateofficialshavenotyetdeterminedwherethesepeoplewillbetaken.The（20）

withneighboringcommunitiesareongoinganddifficult.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.To

B.By

C.On

D.For

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.fresh

B.obvious

C.apparent

D.evident

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.visual

B.vivid

C.live

D.lively

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.little

B.less

C.more

D.much

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.reluctance

B.rejection

C.denial

D.decline

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.natural

B.world

C.social

D.human

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.revising

B.refining

C.rebuilding

D.retrieving

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.review

B.reminder

C.concept

D.prospect

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.preparing

B.protesting

C.protecting

D.prevailing

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.never

B.ever

C.then

D.before

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.up

B.down

C.over

D.out

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.merely

B.rarely

C.incidentally

D.accidentally

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.surge

B.spur

C.surf

D.splash

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.ensued

B.traced

C.followed

D.occurred

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.where

C.what

D.when

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.enough

B.certain

C.conclusive

D.final

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.but

B.as

C.that

D.those

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.exile

B.evacuate

C.dismiss

D.displace

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.ride

B.trail

C.path

D.track

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.conventions

B.notifications

C.communications

D.negotiations

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:A

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:C

第10題:B

第11題:D

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:A

第17題:C

第18題:B

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】（1）Bythatlogic為常用搭配,意為按照這個(gè)邏輯。

（2）根據(jù)原文可知這里應(yīng)該是表示記憶猶新的意思,只有選項(xiàng)A符合。

（3）live除了有生活的意思之外,還有現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的意思,符合原文文意。visual視覺(jué)的；vivid生動(dòng)活潑的；lively活潑的。

（4）worse為比較級(jí),前面修飾的副詞只能用原級(jí),不能再用比較級(jí)。首先排除選項(xiàng)B和C。根據(jù)原文,這里指會(huì)讓事情變得更糟糕,much表示很,非常,所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

（5）reluctance指不情愿；rejection指拒絕；denial否定；decline拒絕。根據(jù)句意：“因?yàn)槿藗兌荚谘b傻,事情變得更糟糕,除非真的死到臨頭了,否則人們都會(huì)盡最大可能不合作”。這里指不情愿合作。

（6）結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文涉及的主體是人，所以這里應(yīng)該指一些欺騙是人類的生存條件的一部分。

（7）revising指修訂；refining指提煉；rebuilding重建；retrieving指重新得到。地震之后需要重建,選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

（8）review指回顧；reminder指提醒,暗示；concept指概念,prospect指希望。根據(jù)原文,這里指回顧過(guò)去一年災(zāi)難性的歷史。

（9）protectsb.fromsth為固定搭配,指保護(hù)某人免受某事。prepare準(zhǔn)備；protest抗議；prevail流行,成功。

（10）根據(jù)句意：我們比以前更了解我們面臨的危險(xiǎn)。then、never不符合文意,而before做副詞時(shí)一般放在句末或后面跟名詞。

（11）turnoutthat/turnouttobesth.指結(jié)果是,符合原文；turnup出現(xiàn)；turndown拒絕；turnover反復(fù)考慮。

（12）merely僅僅,只不過(guò)；rarely很少；incidentally和accidentally意思都是偶然地。根據(jù)原文“我們的敵人常常不是災(zāi)難,而是自己”。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

（13）surge洶涌澎湃,巨浪,急速上升；spur刺激；穿刺；surf海浪；沖浪；splash濺。只有surge可與暴風(fēng)雨,地震等并列為自然災(zāi)害。選項(xiàng)A正確。

（14）根據(jù)原文：緊接著墨西哥灣岸區(qū)的災(zāi)禍之后,又發(fā)生了什么？ensue指……接著發(fā)生,是不及物動(dòng)詞,后面需要接from；occur發(fā)生；trace追蹤。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

（15）根據(jù)句意：他們把防洪墻重建成卡特里那颶風(fēng)之前那樣。What在這里引導(dǎo)名詞性從句做賓語(yǔ)“防洪墻”的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。

（16）根據(jù)原文,但是這還不夠,為習(xí)慣用法。

（17）考查定語(yǔ)從句。all為先行詞,that為關(guān)系代詞指代all。

（18）exile指流放；evacuate指撤離；dismiss指解散；displace指使...無(wú)家可歸。這里指“撤走那些傷殘人員”。選項(xiàng)B符合文意。

（19）根據(jù)上文提到用火車,大巴撤離災(zāi)民,這里ride與bus和train對(duì)應(yīng),表示“搭乘”的意思。

（20）根據(jù)原文：與鄰近社區(qū)的協(xié)商正在艱難地進(jìn)行當(dāng)中。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.單選題

Takingadvantageofhispopularityintheopinionpolls,thePrimeMinisterhasdecidedtocalla________electionfornextmonth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.convincing

B.magnetic

C.snap

D.clean-cut

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“convincing”，意為“令人信服的；有說(shuō)服力的”；B選項(xiàng)“magnetic”，意為“地磁的；有磁性的；有吸引力的”；C選項(xiàng)“snap”，意為“突然的”，snapelection是個(gè)短語(yǔ)，意為“提前選舉；臨時(shí)選舉”；D選項(xiàng)“clean-cut”，意為“（尤指男人）外表整潔的，優(yōu)雅高尚的；輪廓分明的”。句意：首相利用他在民意調(diào)查中的聲望，決定在下個(gè)月__提前__舉行選舉。本句表示“首相想趁著自己在民意調(diào)查中富有聲望，于是提前進(jìn)行選舉，來(lái)獲取優(yōu)勢(shì)地位”。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Icouldn’tfind（）,andsoItookthisone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alargeenoughcoat

B.anenoughlargecoat

C.alargecoatenough

D.acoatenoughlarge

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞用法。句意：enough修飾名詞時(shí)放名詞前，如：Idon’thaveenoughmoney.修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)放形容詞或副詞后，如：Youarenotcapableenoughtogetthisposition.所以本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。句意：我找不到足夠大的大衣，所以我拿了這一件。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

ShecanspeakFrenchandGerman,to______nothingofEnglish.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.say

B.speak

C.talk

D.tell

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)saynothingof“更不用說(shuō)”；其余選項(xiàng)非固定搭配。句意：她會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)，英語(yǔ)就______。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Directions:Readingthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordorphraseforeachnumberedblankfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CorD.

Afour-yearcollegedegree,seenforgenerationsasatickettoabetterlife,is（11）enoughtoguaranteeasteadilyrisingpaycheck.

JustaskBeaDewing.Aftersheearnedabachelor’sdegree—hissecond—incomputersciencefromMaryland’sFrostburgStateUniversityin1986,sheenjoyedalmostunbrokenadvancein（12）,eventuallyearning$89,000ayearasadatamodelerforSprintCorpinLawrence,Ken.Then,in2002,Sprintlaidheroff.

“IthoughtImightbelookingafewweeksormonthsatmost,”saysMs.Dewing,now56yearsold.（13）shespentthenextsixyearsinacareerwilderness,startingininternetcafethatdidn’tsucceed,working（14）jobandlow-endpositionsindataprocessing,andfruitlessly（15）hundredsofjobpostings.Thelowpointcamearound2004whenarecruiterforSprint—nowknownasSprintNextelCorp.—calledseekingtofillajobsimilartotheoneshe（16）twoyearsearlier,butpayingbarelyathirdofheroldsalary.

InApril,Ms.Dewingfinallylandedajob（17）heroldoneintheinformationtechnologydepartmentofWal-MartStoreInc.’sheadquartersinBentonville,Ark,wheresherelocated.She（18）about20%lessthanshedidin2002,adjustedforinflation,butconsidersherselffortunate,andwiser.

Adegree,shesays,“isn’tanybigguaranteeofemployment,it’sabasic（19）,astepyouhavetotaketo（20）beconsideredformanyprofessionaljobs.”Acollegedegreemaynottakeyouasfarasyou’dexpect,althoughtheremaystillbeafewfieldswhereabachelor’sdegreestillremainsaworthyinvestment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.definitely

B.nolonger

C.rarely

D.impossible

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.security

B.promotion

C.benefits

D.wages

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Furthermore

B.Despite

C.Instead

D.And

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.temporary

B.various

C.similar

D.technical

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.respondedto

B.respondingfor

C.respondingto

D.respondthrough

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.got

B.gaveup

C.lost

D.secured

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.relatedto

B.similarto

C.comparedwith

D.incontrastwith

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.earns

B.contributes

C.offers

D.pays

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.quality

B.requirement

C.promise

D.possibility

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.just

B.though

C.yet

D.even

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:B

第10題:D

【解析】11.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)definitely“清楚地，當(dāng)然；明確地，肯定地”；B選項(xiàng)nolonger“不再”；C選項(xiàng)rarely“很少地；難得；罕有地”；D選項(xiàng)impossible“不可能的；不可能存在的”。句意：四年制本科學(xué)位在多少代人的眼中都被看作是通往美好生活的門(mén)票，而現(xiàn)在，它已不再能保證薪水的穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)了。根據(jù)句意，此處有轉(zhuǎn)折的含義，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

12.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義與詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)security“安全，安全性；保證；證券；抵押品”；B選項(xiàng)promotion“提升，晉升；促銷；促進(jìn)”；C選項(xiàng)benefit“利益，好處”；D選項(xiàng)wage“工資；報(bào)酬”。句意：她幾乎不間斷地享受加薪。由空格后的關(guān)鍵詞“earning$89,000ayear年薪89000美元”可知“工資”符合句意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

13.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)furthermore“此外；而且”；B選項(xiàng)despite“即使，盡管”；C選項(xiàng)instead“反而；相反”；D選項(xiàng)and“和；然后”。句意：但恰恰相反，接下來(lái)的六年中她在求職道路上處處碰壁。由上文“IthoughtImightbelookingafewweeksormonthsatmost我覺(jué)得自己最多只要幾周或幾個(gè)月時(shí)間就能找到工作”，可推知此處表轉(zhuǎn)折，instead“反而；相反”符合句意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義與詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)temporary“暫時(shí)的，臨時(shí)的”；B選項(xiàng)various“各種各樣的；多方面的”；C選項(xiàng)similar“相似的”；D選項(xiàng)technical“工藝的，科技的”。句意：從事數(shù)據(jù)處理方面的臨時(shí)工作和低端職位?！皶簳r(shí)的”符合句意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法和詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)respondto“響應(yīng)；回答；對(duì)……反應(yīng)”；B選項(xiàng)respondfor“作出……反應(yīng)/響應(yīng)”；C選項(xiàng)與A選項(xiàng)相同；D選項(xiàng)respondthrough“通過(guò)……反應(yīng)/響應(yīng)”。句意：也曾經(jīng)回復(fù)過(guò)數(shù)百個(gè)職位招聘廣告，但都無(wú)功而返。這里要表達(dá)的意思是“respondingtohundredsofjobpostings曾經(jīng)回復(fù)過(guò)數(shù)百個(gè)職位招聘廣告”，且“respondingto”和前文的“starting”“working”為并列結(jié)構(gòu)，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

16.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義和詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)get“獲得；受到；變成”；B選項(xiàng)giveup“放棄；交出”；C選項(xiàng)lose“浪費(fèi)；使沉溺于；使迷路；遺失；錯(cuò)過(guò)”；D選項(xiàng)secure“保護(hù)”。句意：最低潮的時(shí)候是在2004年左右，斯普林特──現(xiàn)在的SprintNextelCorp.──的一個(gè)招聘人員打來(lái)電話，職位與她兩年前失去的工作類似，但薪水只有她原先的三分之一。根據(jù)上文可知，杜因兩年前曾經(jīng)失去過(guò)一份工作，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

17.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義和詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)relateto“與……有關(guān)”；B選項(xiàng)similarto“與……相似；和……相同”；C選項(xiàng)comparewith“與……相比較”；D選項(xiàng)incontrastwith“與……形成對(duì)比；與……相比”。句意：杜因終于在阿肯色州本頓維爾的沃爾瑪連鎖公司（Wal-MartStoresInc.）總部的信息技術(shù)部門(mén)找到了一份與老本行差不多的工作。句子要表達(dá)的是“一份與之前工作相似的工作”，“similarto與……相似”符合句意，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

18.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查上下文語(yǔ)義和詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)earn“賺；獲得；掙得”；B選項(xiàng)contribute“貢獻(xiàn)；有助于”；C選項(xiàng)offer“提供；出價(jià)”；D選項(xiàng)pay“支付；給予”。句意：她現(xiàn)在的薪水經(jīng)通脹因素調(diào)整后比2002年的薪水低了20%左右。根據(jù)上下文可知“earn賺；獲得；掙得”符合句意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)quality“質(zhì)量，品質(zhì)；特性；才能”；B選項(xiàng)requirement“要求；必要條件；必需品”；C選項(xiàng)promise“許諾，允諾；希望”；D選項(xiàng)possibility“可能性”。句意：學(xué)位并不是找到工作的大保證，它是一項(xiàng)基本要求，甚至是許多專業(yè)職位考慮聘用你時(shí)必須采取的一步?！皉equirement要求”符合句意，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

20.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)just“只是，僅僅”；B選項(xiàng)though“雖然，盡管”；C選項(xiàng)yet“還；但是；已經(jīng)”；D選項(xiàng)even“甚至，即使”。句意：學(xué)位并不是找到工作的大保證，它是一項(xiàng)基本要求，甚至是許多專業(yè)職位考慮聘用你時(shí)必須采取的一步。根據(jù)句意可知even“甚至”正確，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.案例題

Apowerfulpersonalgrowthtoolisthe30-daytrial.ThisisaconceptIborrowedfromthesharewareindustry,whereyoucan（1）atrialversionofapieceofsoftwareandtryitoutrisk-freefor30daysbeforeyou'rerequiredtobuythe（2）version.It'salsoagreatwaytodevelopnew（3）,andbestofall,it'sbrain-deadsimple.Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabitlikeanexerciseprogramor（4）abadhabitlikesuckingoncancersticks.Weallknowthatgetting（5）andstickingwiththenewhabitforafewweeksisthehardpart.Onceyou'veovercomeinertia,it'smucheasiertokeepgoing.Yetweoftenpsycheourselvesoutofgettingstartedby（6）thinkingaboutthechangeassomething（7）beforewe'veevenbegun.Itseemstoooverwhelmingtothinkaboutmakingabigchangeand（8）withiteverydayfortherestofyourlifewhenyou'restillhabituatedtodoingthe（9）.Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,themoreyou（10）whereyouare.Butwhatifyouthoughtaboutmakingthechangeonly（11）sayfor30days—andthenyou'refreetogobacktoyouroldhabits?Thatdoesn'tseemsohardanymore.Exercisedailyforjust30days,thenquit,maintaina（12）organizeddeskfor30days,thenslackoff.Readforanhouradayfor30days,thengobacktowatchingTV.

Couldyoudoit?Itstill（13）abitofdisciplineandcommitment,butnotnearlysomuchasmakingapermanentchange.Any（14）deprivationisonlytemporary.Youcan（15）downthedaystofreedom.Andforatleast30days,you'llgainsomebenefit.It,'snotsobaD.Youcanhandleit.It'sonlyonemonthoutofyourlife.

Directions:Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow,Changethewordformwherenecessary.Rememberthebankcontainssomeextrawordsthatmaynotbeusedinfillinganyoftheblanks.WritethewordsintheircorrectformswiththecorrespondingnumbersontheAnswerSheet.

Temporary

download

commitment

neatly

require

mentally

count

opposite

stay

discipline

permanent

habit

overcome

stick

adopt

full

free

perceive

quit

start

【答案】1.download

2.full

3.habits

4.quit

5.started

6.mentally

7.permanent

8.sticking

9.opposite

10.stay

11.commitment

12.neatly

13.requires

14.perceived

15.count

【解析】1.根據(jù)句意,下載某種軟件,用downloadsoftware。

2.fullversion指完整版。句意：下載某個(gè)軟件的免費(fèi)試用版使用30天后,你會(huì)被要求購(gòu)買完整版。

3.從下文的"Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabit."可推測(cè),填空處也應(yīng)該填入habit,且為復(fù)數(shù)。

4.quitabadhabit指改正某個(gè)壞習(xí)慣。

5.根據(jù)句意：我們都知道,開(kāi)始并堅(jiān)持幾個(gè)星期的新習(xí)慣是困難的。先開(kāi)始才能堅(jiān)持。

6.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里應(yīng)該用副詞修飾thinking,根據(jù)上文的psych推斷mentally正確。

7.根據(jù)下文"Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,..."可知此處也應(yīng)填入permanent。

8.stickwith堅(jiān)持,文中多次出現(xiàn)。

9.dotheopposite為固定用法,意為背道而馳。

10.根據(jù)句意：你越認(rèn)為這種改變是永久性的,你就會(huì)在原地待得越久。這里指保持現(xiàn)狀。

11.make…commitment為固定搭配,意為"做出……的承諾"。

12.maintainaneatlyorganizeddesk保持課桌的干凈整潔。

13.根據(jù)句意：盡管它依然完成了一些紀(jì)律和承諾,但遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有達(dá)到永久改變的程度。

14.句意：任何感知到的剝奪都只是暫時(shí)的。

15.countdown為固定搭配,意為"倒數(shù)"。

10.單選題

The（）differenceinChinesedialecthasbecomeaprobleminmutualcommunicationamongpeople.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enormous

B.immense

C.imminent

D.eminent

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)enormous“巨大的”，指超出了正常的限度和比例；B選項(xiàng)immense“廣大的”，側(cè)重空間的廣闊；C選項(xiàng)imminent“即將來(lái)臨的”；D選項(xiàng)eminent“杰出的”。句意：漢語(yǔ)方言的巨大差異已經(jīng)成為人與人之間交流的一個(gè)問(wèn)題。本句表示差異的巨大。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Itishardtotellwhetherwearegoingtohavea（）intheeconomyorarecession.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concession

B.boom

C.transmission

D.submission

【答案】B

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。concession“特權(quán)”，boom“繁榮”；transmission“傳輸”；submission“屈服”。句意：很難判斷我們將來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)將會(huì)呈現(xiàn)繁榮的景象還是衰退的面貌。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

12.單選題

Ithaslongbeenrecognizedthattheimmigrantgenerationoftenarrivesinanewlandaspioneerswithdreamsofmakingabetterlifeforthemselvesaswellasfortheirchildren.Theobjectivesofthefirstgenerationarerelativelyclear:getajob,earnmoney,learnanewlanguage,ifpossible,offeraneducationtothechildren,andingeneralimprovetheirlotinlife.Familyreunificationisanotherpowerfulmotivedrivingmanynewarrivals.Somenewimmigrants,perhapsmorethanthecurrentanti-immigrationlobbymayrealize,oftenwisheventuallytoreturnhometosettlethereoncefinancialconsiderationsallowit.

Theobviousdifficultiesthatmostimmigrantsfaceincludelanguageinadequacies,ageneralunfamiliaritywiththecustomsandexpectationsofthenewcountry(whatanthropologistsrefertoas“culturaldiscontinuities”),limitedeconomicopportunities,poorhousingconditions,discrimination,xenophobia,andwhatpsychologiststermthe“stressesofacculturation”.

Despitetheseobstacles,inmanycases,immigrantsexperiencetheirlotasbeingbetterthanitwasintheircountryoforigin.Becauseofaperceptionofrelativematerialimprovement,manyimmigrantsmayfailtointernalizetheanti-immigrantnegativeattitudesofthehostcountrytowardthem,maintainingtheircountryoforiginasapointofreference.Inaddition,recentimmigrantscommonlyviewandexperiencetheircurrentlotnotintermsoftheidealsandexpectationsofthemajoritysocietybutratherintermsoftheidealsandexpectationsofthe“oldculture”.

Thisispartofaninterestingorientationthathasbeentermed“theimmigrant’sdualframeofreference”.TheSuarez-Orozcoshavenoticedimmigrantsareconstantlycomparingandcontrastingtheircurrentlotinthehostsocietyagainsttheirexperiences,opportunities,andexpectationsinthecountryoforigin.Duringtheearliestphasesofimmigration,thenewarrivalsmaycometorealizethenewcountryasalandofunlimitedopportunities,concentratingonthenegativeaspectsoflifeinthelandleftbehind.Thesecondgeneration,incontrast,cannotcomparetheirowncurrentexperiencestopreviousexperiencesofrelativedeprivation.Instead,theirstandardofassessmentmaybethehostculture’saffluentideals(oftenrepresentedintelevisionandfilms)whichtheyarelikelytofindthemselveslacking.Fromthesecondgeneration’sperspective,theirlotinlifehasdecidedlynotimproved.

Researchershavesuggestedthatsocio-culturalandsocio-economicfactors,aswellasovercrowdedandpoorlystaffedschools,seemtoleadtomanyacculturalimmigrantstudentseventuallytodevelopambivalentattitudestowardschoolsandthevalueofeducation.Inaddition,weargue,ongoingdiscriminationanddisparagementspeciallytargetedto“unwanted”newimmigrantsisparticularlydestructive.Last,whenlearningandsuccessinaninstitutionofthedominantculture—thatis,theschool—cometobeexperiencedasanactofethnicbetrayal,signifyingawishto“bewhite”,learningmaybecomeaproblemtosomeethnicandimmigrantminoritystudents.Asaconsequence,ahighdrop-outratecontinuestobeasevereprobleminsomecommunitiesofminorityimmigrantchildren.

1.Itcanbeinferredthattheattitudeofsomenewimmigrantstowardstheirmotherlandismainly（）.

2.Theterm“theimmigrant’sdualframeofreference,”(Para.4)refersto（）.

3.Whatcanbeknownaboutthesecondgenerationofimmigrants?

4.Whatdoestheword“disparagement”(Para.5)showbythenativestoimmigrantstudents?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.