考研考博-英語-宿州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-宿州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Ihaven’tgotthe（）ideaofwhatyoumean.Wouldyoupleasemakeitcleartome?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lightest

B.furthest

C.smallest

D.faintest

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。lightest最輕的，最亮的；furthest最遠(yuǎn)的，最大程度的；smallest最小的；faintest一點(diǎn)也不的，極小的。由下文“你能說清楚一些嗎？”可推知前面“我沒有弄懂你說的意思”，故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Thepurchaseofanewmansionandabrand-newautomobilehasbecomethe（

）ofthenewgenerationofwhite-collarworkeralongwiththeirdesireofholidaysoverseas.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tenacity

B.attraction

C.inspiration

D.aspiration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。tenacity“初性；不屈不撓”；attraction“吸引；吸引人的事物”；inspiration“靈感；吸氣”；aspiration“渴望；抱負(fù)”。句意：購買一個(gè)新的宅第和一輛全新的汽車，去海外度假已經(jīng)成為了新一代的白領(lǐng)工人的愿望。由alongwiththeirdesireofholidaysoverseas.中的desire可知空格處所填單詞應(yīng)與其意思接近，故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

V.CivilandCommercialLaw

Earlyinthe20thcentury,NewZealandadoptedanationalno-faultworkerscompensationscheme,replacingtortlawforindustrialaccidentswhileleavingtherestofitintact.Italsomandatedtortliabilityinsuranceagainstautoaccidents.Duringthe1960s,NewZealandestablishedaroyalcommissiontoexplorepossiblereformstoitsworkerscompensationsystem.Assometimesoccurswithsuchbodies,itdecidednottobelimitedbyitsremitbutproceededinsteadtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.

In1967,thecommissionpublishedtheWoodhouseReport(namedafterthejusticewholedtheeffort).Itseverelycriticizedthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality,”unpredictabledamageawards,andhightransactioncosts(amountingtoover40%ofthetotalsystemcosts,muchlowerthanthecomparablecostsinU.S.asbestoslitigationfirstlaunchedataroundthesametime).Inplaceoftort,theReportproposedacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationschemeforpersonalinjuriesgenerally(notjustworkplaceaccidents),onethatithopedwouldbedesignedtoprovidewagelossbenefitsroughlymatchingpre-injuryearningsandadditionalbenefitsforpermanentbodilyimpairment,whilealsopromotingaccidentprevention,victimrehabilitation,andadministrativeefficiency.

In1972,theNationalPartygovernment,whoseJusticeandLabourministrieshadbeenactivelypromotingthecommissionandtheWoodhouseReport,pushedthroughtheAccidentCompensationAct.Itenjoyedbipartisansupportandpassedquiteeasily-afactthatwillastonishanyAmericanlawyerobservingtheendlessstrugglesovereventhemildesttortreformsintheU.S.Amendedin1973bythenewLabourgovernmenttoincludeaccidentstonon-wageearners,theActwentintoeffectinApril1974.

Evenmoresurprising,thepublicdidnotdemandthenewsystem.Instead,accordingtoGeoffreyPalmer,itwasthehandiworkofasmallgroupofdedicatedreformersledbyinfluentialandprestigiousjudges.Successwasassuredwhenthemajorgroupsopposingthereform—theinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions—turnedouttobepoliticallyweakandfragmented.ThenewsystemwasnotthecomprehensiveabolitionoftortthattheWoodhouseReporthadproposed.Rather,itlimitedno-faultcoveragetomotorvehicle-relatedinjuriesandtowage-earners’injuries(whetherworkrelatedornot).Butthegovernmentsubsequentlyexpandedthesystemtocovervirtuallyallaccidentalinjuriesandtoconferverybroadbenefitsforvictims.NewZealanderstodaygenerallyregardtheirsystem(somedisputeddetailsaside)asamainstayoftheirsocialpolicy.

67.Accordingtothe1stparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementaboutthecommissionisNOTtrue?

68.TheWoodhouseReportcontainedthefollowingBUT___.

69.WhichstatementabouttheAccidentCompensationActistrue?

70.TheNewZealandersattitudetowardsthenewtortsystemwas___.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itwasestablishedin1960.

B.Itwasauthorizedtoexplorepossiblereformstotheworkerscompensationsystem.

C.Itdecidedtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.

D.Itwasaroyalcommission.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.criticizingthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality”

B.propositionaboutacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationscheme

C.accidentprevention

D.muchlowercoststhanthecomparablecostsinU.S.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ItbecameeffectiveinApril1973.

B.TheNationalPartygovernmentwasagainsttheAct.

C.TheJusticeandLabourministriesactivelypromotedtheAct.

D.TheActwasamendedin1973beforeitbecameeffective.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.supportivefromtheverybeginning

B.representedbyasmallgroupofdedicatedreformers

C.firstunconcerned,thenbecameproudofit

D.representedbytheinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】67.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“thecommission”定位到原文第一段Duringthe1960s,NewZealandestablishedaroyalcommissiontoexplorepossiblereformstoitsworkerscompensationsystem.（20世紀(jì)60年代，新西蘭成立了一個(gè)皇家委員會(huì)，探討對(duì)其工人薪酬制度可能進(jìn)行的改革）可知這個(gè)皇家委員會(huì)是在20世紀(jì)60年代（指1960~1969）成立，無法判斷是否成立于1960年，A選項(xiàng)“它成立于1960年”陳述和原文不符，B選項(xiàng)“它被授權(quán)探索對(duì)工人補(bǔ)償制度進(jìn)行可能的改革”以及D選項(xiàng)“這是一個(gè)皇家委員會(huì)”符合原文；第一段Assometimesoccurswithsuchbodies,itdecidednottobelimitedbyitsremitbutproceededinsteadtoreviewthetortsystemmoregenerally.（正如這些機(jī)構(gòu)有時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生的那樣，它決定不受其職權(quán)范圍的限制，而是更廣泛地審查侵權(quán)制度）可知C選項(xiàng)“它決定更廣泛地審查侵權(quán)制度”符合原文。因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

68.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“TheWoodhouseReport”定位到原文第二段amountingtoover40%ofthetotalsystemcosts,muchlowerthanthecomparablecostsinU.S.asbestoslitigationfirstlaunchedataroundthesametime（相當(dāng)于總制度成本的40%以上，遠(yuǎn)低于美國(guó)石棉訴訟中的可比成本）可知D選項(xiàng)“比美國(guó)的可比成本低得多”所提到的范圍比原文所提及的“遠(yuǎn)低于美國(guó)石棉訴訟中的可比成本”大得多，D選項(xiàng)對(duì)比原文有誤；第二段Itseverelycriticizedthefault-basedtortsystem’s“falsemorality,”（它嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)了基于過錯(cuò)的侵權(quán)制度的“虛假道德”）可知A選項(xiàng)“批評(píng)基于過錯(cuò)的侵權(quán)制度的‘虛假道德’”符合原文；第二段Inplaceoftort,theReportproposedacomprehensiveno-faultcompensationschemeforpersonalinjuriesgenerally…whilealsopromotingaccidentprevention…（報(bào)告提出了一個(gè)全面的人身傷害無過錯(cuò)賠償計(jì)劃……同時(shí)也促進(jìn)了事故預(yù)防……）可知B選項(xiàng)“關(guān)于全面無故障補(bǔ)償方案的提議”和C選項(xiàng)“事故預(yù)防”符合原文。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

69.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到原文第三段In1972,theNationalPartygovernment,whoseJusticeandLabourministrieshadbeenactivelypromotingthecommissionandtheWoodhouseReport,pushedthroughtheAccidentCompensationAct.（1972年，國(guó)家黨政府，其司法部和勞動(dòng)部一直在積極推動(dòng)委員會(huì)和伍德豪斯報(bào)告，推動(dòng)通過了事故賠償法）可知C選項(xiàng)“司法部和勞工部積極推動(dòng)該法”符合原文，同時(shí)可知B選項(xiàng)“國(guó)家黨政府反對(duì)該法案”和原文相悖；第三段Amendedin1973bythenewLabourgovernmenttoincludeaccidentstonon-wageearners,theActwentintoeffectinApril1974（新工黨政府于1973年修訂了這項(xiàng)法案，將事故納入非工薪階層，該法案于1974年4月生效）可知法案生效于1974年4月，A選項(xiàng)“1973年4月生效”和D選項(xiàng)“該法案在1973年生效前進(jìn)行了修正”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

70.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵字“TheNewZealanders”定位到原文第四段Evenmoresurprising,thepublicdidnotdemandthenewsystem.（更令人驚訝的是，公眾并沒有要求新系統(tǒng)）可知新西蘭人最開始并沒有支持新的侵權(quán)制度，而是不關(guān)心，A選項(xiàng)“從一開始就支持”不符合原文，結(jié)合第四段最后一句NewZealanderstodaygenerallyregardtheirsystem(somedisputeddetailsaside)asamainstayoftheirsocialpolicy.（今天的新西蘭人普遍認(rèn)為他們的制度（撇開一些有爭(zhēng)議的細(xì)節(jié)不談）是他們社會(huì)政策的支柱）可知起初不關(guān)心的新西蘭人們現(xiàn)在覺得自豪，選C選項(xiàng)“起初不關(guān)心，后來變得自豪”；第四段Instead,accordingtoGeoffreyPalmer,itwasthehandiworkofasmallgroupofdedicatedreformersledbyinfluentialandprestigiousjudges.（相反，據(jù)杰弗里帕爾默說，這是一個(gè)由有影響力和聲望的法官領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的致力于改革的小團(tuán)體的杰作）可知B選項(xiàng)“由一小群獻(xiàn)身的改革者代表”并不是新西蘭民眾的態(tài)度，原文只是說明這個(gè)制度是由有影響力和聲望的法官領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的致力于改革的小團(tuán)體的杰作；第四段Successwasassuredwhenthemajorgroupsopposingthereform—theinsuranceindustry,thebar,andlaborunions—turnedouttobepoliticallyweakandfragmented.（當(dāng)反對(duì)改革的主要團(tuán)體——保險(xiǎn)業(yè)、律師協(xié)會(huì)和工會(huì)——在政治上變得軟弱和支離破碎時(shí)，改革取得了成功）可知保險(xiǎn)業(yè)、律師協(xié)會(huì)和工會(huì)是反對(duì)改革的主要群體，并不是新西蘭人對(duì)新的侵權(quán)制度的態(tài)度，也不能算新西蘭人對(duì)這一制度的代表態(tài)度，D選項(xiàng)“以保險(xiǎn)行業(yè)、律師和工會(huì)為代表”錯(cuò)誤。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

“Seeyou____,”shesaid,casually.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sometime

B.sometime

C.atsometime

D.sometimes

【答案】A

【解析】考查狀語的用法。sometime“某個(gè)時(shí)候”；sometime“一段時(shí)間”；atsometime“在某個(gè)時(shí)間”；sometimes“有時(shí)候”。句意：她很隨意地說：“希望以后能再見”。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

ValetaYoung,81,aretireefromLodi,Calif.,suffersfromcongestiveheartfailureandrequiresalmostconstantmonitoring.Butshedoesn’thavetodriveanywheretogetit.Twiceadayshestepsontoaspecialelectronicscale.Answersafewyesornoquestionsviapushbuttonsonasmallattachedmonitorandpressesabuttonthatsendstheinformationtoanurse’sstationinSanAntonio,Texas.“It’salmostadirectlinktomydoctor,”saysYoung,whodescribesherselfascomputerilliteratebutsaysshehasnoproblemsusingtheequipment.

Youngisnottheonlypatientwhoisdealingwithherdoctorfromadistance.Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology,withmorethan25firmscompetingtomeasureremotely—andtransmitbyphone,Internetorthroughtheairwaves—everythingfrompatients’heartratestohowoftentheycough.

Promptedbothbytheriseinhealth-carecostsandtheincreasingcomputerizationofhealth-careequipment,doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.InMarch,St.FrancisUniversityinPittsburgh,Pa.,partneredwithacompanycalledBodyMediaonastudyinwhichruraldiabetespatientsusewirelessglucosemetersandarmbandsensorstomonitortheirdisease.Andlastfall,Yahoobeganofferingsubscriberstheabilitytocharttheirasthmaconditionsonline.UsingaPDA-sizerespiratorymonitorthatmeasureslungfunctionsinrealtimeande-mailsthedatedirectlytodoctors.

Suchhomemonitoring,saysDr.GeorgeDailey,aphysicianattheScrippsClinicinSanDiego,“couldsomedayreplacelessproductivewaysthatpatientstrack,changesintheirheartrte.Bloodsugar,lipidlevels,kidneyfunctionsandevenvision.”

Dr.TimothyMoore,executivevicepresidentofAlereMedical,whichproducedthesmartscalesthatYoungandmorethan10,000otherpatientsareusing,saysthatalmostanyvitalsigncould,intheory,bemonitoredfromhome.But,hewarns,thatmightnotalwaysmakegoodmedicalsense.Headvisesagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely,forexample,andalthoughheacknowledgesthatremotemonitoringofblood-sugarlevelsanddiabeticulcersontheskinmayhaverealvalue,hepointsoutthattherearenotrulyindependentstudiesthatestablishthevalueofhometestingfordiabetesorasthma.

Suchstudiesareneededbecausethetechnologyisstillinitsinfancyandmedicalexpertsaredividedaboutitsvalue.Butononethingtheyallagree:youshouldneverrelyonanyremotetestingsystemwithoutclearingitwithyourdoctor.

66.HowdoesYoungmonitorherhealthconditions?

67.WhichofthefollowingisNOTusedinremotemonitoring?

68.Theword“prompted”mostprobablymeans____.

69.WhyisDr.TimothyMooreagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely?

70.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Byestablishingadirectlinktoherdoctor.

B.Byansweringafewyesornoquestions.

C.Bysteppingonanelectronicscale.

D.Byusingremotemonitoringservice.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theairwaves

B.telephone

C.Internet

D.car

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.made

B.reminded

C.aroused

D.driven

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitsvaluehasnotbeenprovedbyscientificstudy.

B.Becauseitisalessproductivewayofmonitoring.

C.Becauseitdoesn’tmakegoodmedicalsense.

D.Becauseitisnotallowedbydoctors.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Computerilliterateisadvisednottouseremotemonitoring.

B.Thedevelopmentofremotemonitoringmarketisrathersluggish.

C.Remotemonitoringismainlyusedtotrackchronicdiseases.

D.Medicalexpertsagreeonthevalueofremotemonitoring.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】66.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“Young是如何監(jiān)測(cè)自己的健康狀況的？”A選項(xiàng)“通過和她的醫(yī)生建立直接聯(lián)系”，可定位到第1段最后一句…It’salmostadirectlinktomydoctor…（……這幾乎和我的醫(yī)生有直接聯(lián)系……）；B選項(xiàng)“通過回答幾個(gè)是或不是的問題”,可定位到第1段第4句Answersafewyesornoquestionsviapushbuttons…（通過按鍵回答一些是或不是的問題……）；C選項(xiàng)“通過踩在電子秤上”,可定位到第1段第3句Twiceadayshestepsontoaspecialelectronicscale.（她每天兩次踏上一個(gè)特殊的電子秤。）；D選項(xiàng)“通過使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控服務(wù)”，可定位到第2段第1、2句Youngisnottheonlypatientwhoisdealingwithherdoctorfromadistance.Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology…（Young并不是唯一一個(gè)遠(yuǎn)離醫(yī)生的病人。遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控是醫(yī)療技術(shù)中迅速發(fā)展的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域。）綜上可以看出，Young是通過D選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控服務(wù)”來監(jiān)測(cè)自己的健康狀況的，A、B、C選項(xiàng)均為遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控的具體措施。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

67.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“以下哪一項(xiàng)在遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控中不使用”，可定位到第2段最后一句Remotemonitoring…—andtransmitbyphone,Internetorthroughtheairwaves…（遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控……通過電話、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)或電視廣播傳輸……）由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“電視廣播”、B選項(xiàng)“電話”、C選項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”都用到了，D選項(xiàng)“汽車”沒有用到。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

68.詞義推測(cè)題。題干“prompted這個(gè)詞的意思很可能是____”，可定位到第3段第1句Promptedbothbytheriseinhealth-carecostsandtheincreasingcomputerizationofhealth-careequipment,doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.（被醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用的增加和醫(yī)療保健設(shè)備電腦化程度的提高_(dá)___，醫(yī)生們使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控來跟蹤越來越多種類的慢性病。）根據(jù)句意可知，“醫(yī)療保健費(fèi)用的增加和醫(yī)療保健設(shè)備電腦化程度的提高”推動(dòng)了“醫(yī)生們使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控來跟蹤越來越多種類的慢性病”，D選項(xiàng)“驅(qū)策”最符合句意。A選項(xiàng)“制造”、B選項(xiàng)“提醒”、C選項(xiàng)“引起”，不符合語境。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為D。

69.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“為什么TimothyMoore醫(yī)生反對(duì)遠(yuǎn)程做心電圖”，可定位到第5段第2句But,hewarns,thatmightnotalwaysmakegoodmedicalsense.Headvisesagainstperformingelectrocardiogramsremotely,forexample…（但是，他提醒說，這在醫(yī)學(xué)上可能并不總是合理的。例如，他建議不要遠(yuǎn)程做心電圖。）由此可知，他反對(duì)遠(yuǎn)程做心電圖是因?yàn)檫@么做在醫(yī)學(xué)上不合理，C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@在醫(yī)學(xué)上說不通”表述正確。A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗膬r(jià)值還沒有被科學(xué)研究證實(shí)”，可定位到第5段最后一句hepointsoutthattherearenotrulyindependentstudiesthatestablishthevalueofhometestingfordiabetesorasthma.（他指出，目前還沒有真正獨(dú)立的研究能夠確定糖尿病或哮喘家庭測(cè)試的價(jià)值。）由此可知，沒有被科學(xué)研究證實(shí)價(jià)值的是糖尿病或哮喘家庭測(cè)試，而非遠(yuǎn)程做心電圖，選項(xiàng)表述不正確，排除；

B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@是一種效率較低的監(jiān)控方式”、D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)檫@是醫(yī)生不允許的”原文并未提及，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

70.判斷推理題。題干“根據(jù)文章，下列哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)是正確的?”A選項(xiàng)“不懂電腦的人最好不要使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控”，可定位到第1段最后一句…Young,whodescribesherselfascomputerilliteratebutsaysshehasnoproblemsusingtheequipment.（Young自稱是電腦盲，但說她使用這些設(shè)備沒有問題。）由此可知，不懂電腦的人也可以使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；B選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展相當(dāng)緩慢”，可定位到第2段第2句Remotemonitoringisarapidlygrowingfieldinmedicaltechnology…（遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控是醫(yī)療技術(shù)中迅速發(fā)展的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域。）選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；C選項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)測(cè)主要用于慢性病的跟蹤”，可定位到第3段第1句…doctorsareusingremotemonitoringtotrackawideningvarietyofchronicdiseases.（醫(yī)生們正在使用遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控來追蹤越來越多種類的慢性病。）由此可知，遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控主要用于慢性病，選項(xiàng)表述正確；D選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)專家認(rèn)同遠(yuǎn)程監(jiān)控的價(jià)值”，可定位到最后一段第1句…medicalexpertsaredividedaboutitsvalue.（醫(yī)學(xué)專家對(duì)它的價(jià)值意見不一。）由此可知，有的專家認(rèn)同，有的專家不認(rèn)同，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

6.單選題

Etiquetteisnotsimplyanaccessoryoftherich,usedto________theirexistingsocialstatus,butmakesuptheveryfabricofsociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reinforce

B.intensify

C.amplify

D.aggravate

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.reinforce加強(qiáng)，加固B.intensify增強(qiáng)，加劇

C.amplify放大，加強(qiáng)D.aggravate加重，使惡化

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)”的意思。used是過去分詞表被動(dòng)，意為“被用來……”，空格處和下文的“socialstatus（社會(huì)地位）”構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓邏輯，表示禮儀作為富人的附屬品來怎么樣他們現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)地位。既然富人將禮儀作為一種工具，就說明禮儀對(duì)他們有利，會(huì)使他們現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)地位得到加強(qiáng)和鞏固。reinforce指加強(qiáng)某事物的力量，使其更強(qiáng)大，因此A選項(xiàng)reinforce“加強(qiáng)，加固”最符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)intensify“增強(qiáng)，加劇”指使情感或事態(tài)在程度或強(qiáng)度上劇烈地增加，不能和“socialstatus（社會(huì)地位）”進(jìn)行搭配；

C選項(xiàng)amplify“放大，加強(qiáng)”指增強(qiáng)某事物的聲音等強(qiáng)度或在某個(gè)陳述中添加細(xì)節(jié)，不能和“socialstatus（社會(huì)地位）”進(jìn)行搭配；

D選項(xiàng)aggravate“加重，使惡化”指使糟糕或不愉快的情況惡化，富人現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)地位并不糟糕，不符合題干的語義邏輯。

【句意】禮儀不僅是富人的附屬品，用來加強(qiáng)他們現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)地位，而且是社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的組成部分。

7.問答題

Whilemanypeopleusecompetitionasanexcusefornotdoingsomething,thosewhoreally

A

B

wanttosucceedseecompetitionasanopportunity,andthey’rewillingtodothetoughwork

C

necessarilytowin.

D

【答案】試題答案：D;necessary

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)thetoughwork和towin之間存在“必要的”邏輯關(guān)系，因此將副詞necessarily改為形容詞necessary。

8.單選題

______herinexperienceherfailuretosecurethecontractwasnotsurprising.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Inviewof

B.Withregardto

C.Byvirtueof

D.Accordingto

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)Inviewof“鑒于，考慮到”；B選項(xiàng)Withregardto“至于”；C選項(xiàng)Byvirtueof“由于，憑借”；D選項(xiàng)Accordingto“按照”。句意：______她缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，她沒能簽署那份合同就不足為奇了。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)很大程度上讓她沒能簽成合同，A選項(xiàng)Inviewof“鑒于，考慮到”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.翻譯題

Theabilityoffallingcatstorightthemselvesinmidairandlandontheirfeethasbeenasourceofwonderforages.Biologistslongregardeditasanexampleofadaptationbynaturalselection,butforphysicistsitborderedonthemiraculous.

Newton’slawsofmotionassumethatthetotalamountofspinofabodycannotchangeunlessanexternaltorquespeedsituporslowitdown.Ifacathasnospinwhenitisreleasedandexperiencesnoexternaltorque,itoughtnottobeabletotwistaroundasitfalls.

Inthespeedofitsexecution,therightingofatumblingcatresemblesamagician’strick.Thegyrationsofthecatinmidairaretoofastforthehumaneyetofollow,sotheprocessisobscured.Eithertheeyemustbespeededup,orthecat’sfallsloweddownforthephenomenontobeobserved.Acenturyagotheformerwasaccomplishedbymeansofhigh-speedphotographyusingequipmentnowavailableinanypharmacy.

Butinthenineteenthcenturythecaptureonfilmofafallingcatconstitutedascientificexperiment.TheexperimentwasdescribedinapaperpresentedtotheParisAcademyin1894.Twosequencesoftwentyphotographseach,onefromthesideandonefrombehind,showawhitecatintheactofrightingitself.Grainyandquaintthoughtheyare,thephotosshowthatthecatwasdroppedupsidedownwithnoinitialspin,andstilllandedonitsfeet.Carefulanalysisofthephotosrevealsthesecret:Asthecatrotatesthefrontofitsbodyclockwise,therearandtailtwistcounterclockwise,sothatthetotalspinremainszero,inperfectaccordwithNewton’slaws.Halfwaydown,thecatpullsinitslegsbeforereversingitstwistandthenextendsthemagain,withthedesiredendresult.

Theexplanationwasthatwhilenobodycanacquirespinwithouttorque,aflexibleonecanreadilychangeitsorientation,orphase.Catsknowthisinstinctively,butscientistscouldnotbesurehowithappeneduntiltheyincreasedthespeedoftheirperceptionsathousandfold.

【答案】很久以前，降落中的貓?jiān)诎肟罩衅胶馍眢w并以腳落地的能力一直令人好奇。生物學(xué)家們一直認(rèn)為這是適應(yīng)自然選擇的一個(gè)例子，但對(duì)于物理學(xué)家，這真的是不可思議。

牛頓運(yùn)動(dòng)定律認(rèn)為身體自旋的總量不變，除非外部扭矩使之加速或減緩。如果一只貓?jiān)诒会尫艜r(shí)沒有旋轉(zhuǎn)，也沒有感受到外部扭矩，那么它在下落時(shí)就不應(yīng)該旋轉(zhuǎn)。

翻滾著的貓，以如此的速度平衡身體就像一個(gè)魔術(shù)師變戲法。貓?jiān)诎肟罩械男D(zhuǎn)得太快，人類的眼睛很難看清，所以這個(gè)過程是模糊的。要觀察這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，要么眼睛必須加速，要么貓的下降減速。一個(gè)世紀(jì)以前，前者可以通過高速攝影的方法做到，使用的是現(xiàn)在在任何藥店都能買到的設(shè)備。

但在19世紀(jì)，拍攝墜落的貓構(gòu)成了一個(gè)科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)。1984年的一篇論文《巴黎學(xué)院》描述了這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。兩組共20張照片，一組從側(cè)面，另一組從后面，展示了一只白貓平衡自己的行為。盡管照片有紋理很老式，但是展示了貓的行為：起初沒有旋轉(zhuǎn)，卻翻滾著落下，并仍然用腳落地。對(duì)照片的仔細(xì)分析揭示了這個(gè)秘密：貓順時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)身體前部時(shí)，身體后部和尾巴逆時(shí)針扭動(dòng)，所以總自旋仍然是零，完全符合牛頓定律。下降中途，貓?jiān)陬嵉古まD(zhuǎn)之前腿部收緊然后再展開，這樣就得到了預(yù)期的最終結(jié)果。

其解釋是：盡管沒有扭矩，身體不能旋轉(zhuǎn)，但是靈活者可以隨時(shí)改變其旋轉(zhuǎn)方向或階段。貓本能地知道這點(diǎn)，但科學(xué)家們不能確定這事是怎么發(fā)生的，直到他們將其感知提高一千倍的速度。

10.翻譯題

修剪樹木可能是為了確保樹木有一個(gè)所要求的形狀或大小。

傳統(tǒng)上，電視一直是一種大眾轉(zhuǎn)播傳媒。我們對(duì)電視最熟悉，因?yàn)樗砸环N相似的形式存在近50年了。

你可以相信，一個(gè)作家付出的努力越大，寫作效果就會(huì)越好，得到的回報(bào)也就越大。

一個(gè)婦女當(dāng)她扮演起多重角色的時(shí)候，她會(huì)感到更加幸福。

很明顯，在一種體制下，如果每一項(xiàng)決定都只是根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣來做，那么，社會(huì)就會(huì)很難進(jìn)步。

【答案】Thepurposeofpruningtreesistoensurethatthetreeshaveadesignedshapeorsize.

Traditionally,TVhadbeenakindofpopularbroadcastmedia.Wearemostfamiliarwithtelevision,foritisasimilarformofexistencefornearly50years.

Itisbelievedthatthemoreeffortawritermakesthebettereffecthewouldobtainandthegreaterresultshewillreceive.

Awomanwhoplaysmanyroleswouldfeelhappier.

Obviously,inasystem,ifeverydecisionmakingisbasedontraditionalhabits,thesocietywouldbeverydifficulttodevelop.

11.翻譯題

SamsungissuedanapologytoChineseconsumersonWednesdayafterChina’sstate-runmediacriticizedtheKoreanelectronicsgiantforsellinghandsetswithallegedlyfaultymemorychips.

ThecompanyofferedtoprovidefreerepairsandextendedwarrantiesonsevenmodelsafterabroadcastontheinfluentialChinaCentralTelevisiononTuesdayreportedhowSamsunghandsets,includingtheGalaxySandGalaxyNoteseries,crashseveraltimesadayduetothememorychips.Thereportsaidtheissuecouldberesolvedwitha$100chipupgradethatwasnotcoveredundercurrentwarranties.

InastatementpostedtoSamsung’sChinaWebsite,theelectronicsgiantapologizedfortheinconvenience,whichitblamedon“managementproblems”.Italsopledgedtorepairaffecteddevices,refundsonpreviouslyrepaireddevices,andreplacementhandsetsinsomecases

SamsungisnotthefirsttechcomingtocomeunderCCTVscrutinyforitswarrantypractices.InApril,AppleCEOTimCookissuedanapologyoveritswarrantypoliciesinChinaandpromisedimprovedservices.TheinitialreportclaimedApplerepairedonlybrokenorotherwisefaultypartswithinitsproductsforcustomersinChina,versusprovidingnewreplacementsinothercountries.

Cook’sapologycameduringApple’scontinuingeffortstolandaniPhonedistributiondealwiththeworld’slargestmobilecarrier.SupportfromChinaMobile,whichhasabout745millioncustomers,wouldopenupavastnumberofnewcustomersforApple.

Meanwhile.SamsunghopesitsapologygoesalongwaytowardhelpingitmaintainitsleadpositioninChina’ssmartphonemarket.Thecompanysold30milliondevicesinthecountrylastyearfora17.7percentmarketshare,outpacingthe11percentsharecommandedbyNo.3Apple.

【答案】三星在周三向中國(guó)消費(fèi)者道歉，此前中國(guó)官方媒體批評(píng)這家作為韓國(guó)電子巨頭銷售據(jù)稱內(nèi)存芯片有問題的手機(jī)。

周二，在頗具影響力的中央電視臺(tái)播出的一則報(bào)道稱，包括GalaxyS和GalaxyNote系列在內(nèi)的三星手機(jī)，由于內(nèi)存芯片問題導(dǎo)致一天內(nèi)多次死機(jī)之后，三星提出為七款手機(jī)提供免費(fèi)維修服務(wù)并延長(zhǎng)保修期。

三星并不是第一家因保修問題受到中央電視臺(tái)審查的科技公司。

之前的報(bào)告稱，蘋果只為中國(guó)客戶維修其產(chǎn)品中損壞的或其他有缺陷的部件，而在其他國(guó)家卻對(duì)其提供更換手機(jī)服務(wù)。

與此同時(shí)。三星希望其道歉能在很大程度上幫助其保持在中國(guó)智能手機(jī)市場(chǎng)的領(lǐng)先地位。

12.單選題

Theboyhasadmittedto（

）thewindowwhileplayingfootballyesterday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.breaking

B.havingbeenbroken

C.break

D.bebreaking

【答案】A

【解析】句意:那個(gè)男孩承認(rèn)在昨天踢足球的時(shí)候打破了窗子。

語法題?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。admitto中的to是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞吋需用-ing形式,排除C，D；并且break是瞬間動(dòng)詞不能用完成時(shí)態(tài)，故答案選項(xiàng)為A。

13.單選題

Accordingtosociologists,thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofsocialgroupintheUnitedStates.Inthefamily,traditionalculturalpatternsconferleadershipononeorbothoftheparents.Inothercases,suchasfriendshipgroup,oneormorepersonsmaygraduallyemergeasleaders,althoughthereisnoformalprocessofselection.Inlargergroups,leadersareusuallychosenformallythroughelectionorrecruitment.

Althoughleadersareoftenthoughttobepeoplewithunusualpersonalability,decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”.Itseemsthatthereisnosetofpersonalqualitiesthatallleadershaveincommon；rather,virtuallyanypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup.

Furthermore,althoughitiscommonlysupposedthatsocialgroupshaveasingleleader,researchsuggeststhattherearetypicallytwodifferentleadershiprolesthatareheldbydifferentindividuals.Instrumentalleadershipisleadershipthatemphasizesthecompletionoftasksbyasocialgroup.Groupmemberslooktoinstrumentalleadersto“getthingsdone”.Expressiveleadership,ontheotherhand,isleadershipthatemphasizesthecollectivewell-beingofasocialgroup’smembers.Expressiveleadersarelessconcernedwiththeoverallgoalsofthegroupthanwithprovidingemotionalsupporttogroupmembersandattemptingtominimizetensionandconflictamongthem.Groupmembersexpectexpressiveleaderstomaintainstablerelationshipswithinthegroupandprovidesupporttoindividualmembers.

Instrumentalleadersarelikelytohavearathersecondaryrelationshiptoothergroupmembers.Theygiveordersandmaydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.Expressiveleaderscultivateamorepersonalorprimaryrelationshiptoothersinthegroup.Theyoffersympathywhensomeoneexperiencesdifficultiesorissubjectedtodiscipline,arequicktolightenaseriousmomentwithhumor,andtrytoresolveissuesthatthreatentodividethegroup.Asthedifferencesinthesetworolessuggest,expressiveleadersgenerallyreceivemorepersonalaffectionfromgroupmembers;instrumentalleaders,iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,mayenjoyamoredistantrespect.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.ThepassagementionsallofthefollowingwaysbywhichpeoplecanbecomeleadersEXCEPT

3.Inmentioning“naturalleaders”inparagraphtwo,theauthorismakingthepointthat

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutleadershipcanbeinferredfromparagraphtwo?

5.Thepassageindicatesthatinstrumentalleadersgenerallyfocuson

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theproblemsfacedbyleaders

B.Howleadershipdiffersinsmallandlargegroups

C.Howsocialgroupsdeterminewhowillleadthem

D.Theroleofleadersinsocialgroups

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.recruitment.

B.formalelectionprocess.

C.specificleadershiptraining.

D.traditionalculturalpatterns.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.fewpeoplequalifyas“naturalleaders'

B.thereisnoproofthat“naturalleaders”exist.

C.“naturalleaders”areeasilyacceptedbythemembersofasocialgroup.

D.“naturalleaders”shareasimilarsetofcharacteristics.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Apersonwhoisaneffectiveleaderofaparticulargroupmaynotbeaneffectiveleaderofanothergroup.

B.Fewpeoplesucceedinsharingaleadershiprolewithanotherperson.

C.Apersoncanbestlearnhowtobeaneffectiveleaderbystudyingresearchonleadership.

D.Mostpeopledesiretobeleadersbutcanproducelittleevidenceoftheirqualifications.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ensuringharmoniousrelationship.

B.sharingresponsibilitywithgroupmembers.

C.identifyingnewleaders.

D.achievingagoal.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一句，“thereareseveraldifferentwaysinwhichapersonmaybecomerecognizedastheleaderofsocial…”，開篇點(diǎn)題，在美國(guó)有很多種方式成為某個(gè)團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。所以主要闡述不同領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在社會(huì)中的角色。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，在家庭、友誼小組或更大的群體中，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生的方式不相同，探討了每一種團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生方式。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“decadesofresearchhavefailedtoproduceconsistentevidencethatthereisanycategoryof“naturalleaders”，數(shù)十年都沒有充足的證據(jù)來證明存在“天生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.信息推斷題?？疾閷?duì)第二段文意的理解。文中提到只要一個(gè)人有特定的資質(zhì)就能成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。根據(jù)文章“anypersonmayberecognizedasaleaderifthepersonhasqualitiesthatmeettheneedsofthatparticulargroup”，可以成為特定團(tuán)體的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…maydisciplinegroupmemberswhoinhibitattainmentofthegroup’sgoals.”，“…iftheyaresuccessfulinpromotinggroupgoals,…”根據(jù)這兩句可以得出，工具性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者更加注重目標(biāo)一些。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

14.單選題

The______actionofthepolicemansavedthepeopleinthehousefrombeingburnt.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alert

B.urgent

C.prompt

D.punctual

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)alert“警惕的，警覺的”，B項(xiàng)urgent“緊急的，緊迫的”，C項(xiàng)prompt“敏捷的，迅速的”，D項(xiàng)punctual“準(zhǔn)時(shí)的，守時(shí)的”。根據(jù)句子意思“警察的行動(dòng)使房子里的人免于被燒傷”可知，空格部分只有C項(xiàng)符合語境。句意：警察的迅速行動(dòng)使房子里的人免于燒傷。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Topartiallyovercometheproblemoffundsandtospeedthe（）ofWesterntechnology,Hungarysolda30%stakeinitsnationalphonecompanytotwoWesterncompanies.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.auction

B.harmony

C.sacrifice

D.import

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。auction“拍賣，競(jìng)賣”；harmony“和睦”；sacrifice“犧牲，獻(xiàn)祭”；import“進(jìn)口”；句意：為了部分解決資金問題和加速西方技術(shù)的引進(jìn)，匈牙利將其國(guó)家電話公司30%的股份出售給了兩家西方公司。匈牙利通過售賣國(guó)家電話公司的股份來獲得資金以此來引進(jìn)西方技術(shù)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Mr.Chenoften（

）hisspeech.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.tumbles

B.stumbles

C.rumbles

D.fumbles

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)tumble“摔倒”；B選項(xiàng)stumble“躊躇”；C選項(xiàng)rumble“隆隆作響”；D選項(xiàng)fumble“笨手笨腳地做；笨嘴拙舌地說話”。句意：陳先生經(jīng)常在演講的時(shí)候笨嘴拙舌地說話。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

17.單選題

ProfessorTomkins,aneminentheartsurgeon,isscheduled（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.torapaboutwaysofdoingheartsurgery

B.tolectureonheart-surgerytechniques

C.todeliveradiscourseonvariousproceduresinthematterofheartsurgery

D.tog