(新高考)高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)選擇性必修一 Unit 2 Looking into the Future (含解析)

PAGEUNIT2LookingintotheFutureA組·基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.語法填空AAnewsocialrobothasbeenintroducedtothepublicatNanyangTechnologicalUniversityinSingapore.Therobot，1.______(call)Nadine，wasbuiltbyaresearchteamattheuniversity.Nadinehasbrownhairandhuman-likeskin.Shecantalkandactlikeahumanbeingandsheevenhasherownpersonality.Therobotcanshowemotions,likeangerand2.________(sad)andchangeintodifferentmoods,3.________(depend)onthetopicssheistalkingabout.Nadineisthemostadvancedandhuman-likerobotsofar.Shehasbuilt-insoftwarethatissimilartoApple'sSiri,whichworkson4.________iPhone.Thenewsocialrobothascapabilitiesthathaveneverbeenimplementedinotherrobotssofar.Nadinecannotonlyrememberpeopleshe5.________(meet)before，butshecanrecallthingsthatshesaidat6.________(early)conversationsaswell.Uptonow,robotshavebeenusedwidelyinthemanufacturingindustry.However，moreandmorerobotsarebeing7.________(equip)withsocialfunctions.Thiscouldbeimportant8.________ourpopulationbecomingolder.Workingrobotscouldbethesolutiontoadecreasingworkforce.Ontheotherhand,suchsocialrobotscouldcareforchildrenorolderpeople.Theycouldplayandtalkwiththemorkeepthemcompany.Currently,Nadine9.________(have)ajobasareceptionistattheuniversity,10.________sheanswersquestionsaskedbystudentsandothervisitors.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。類人機(jī)器人Nadine是由新加坡南洋理工大學(xué)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)制作的機(jī)器人，她有著棕色的頭發(fā)和像人一樣的皮膚，能表達(dá)憤怒、悲傷等情感，有一定社交能力，能記住曾經(jīng)遇到的人、曾經(jīng)說過的話。1.called考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞call和其邏輯主語Therobot之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用其過去分詞作后置定語。2.sadness考查名詞。根據(jù)該句中的“angerand”可知，空處與名詞“anger”對(duì)應(yīng)，也應(yīng)當(dāng)用名詞形式。3.depending考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，動(dòng)詞depend和其邏輯主語Therobot之間為主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式。4.an/the考查冠詞。句意：她裝有和蘋果的Siri相似的內(nèi)置軟件，該軟件在iPhone中運(yùn)行。iPhone為可數(shù)名詞，且該處可以表示泛指，也可以表示特指，故填an或the。5.hasmet考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語境以及該句中的時(shí)間狀語“before”可知，該句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。6.earlier考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)語境可知，該處指“更早的交談”，故用形容詞的比較級(jí)。7.equipped考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)。該句主語為robots，和動(dòng)詞equip之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。8.with考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句使用了with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，with的賓語是ourpopulation，現(xiàn)在分詞短語becomingolder作with的賓語補(bǔ)足語。9.has考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。該句主語為Nadine，為單數(shù)形式，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；根據(jù)該句中的“Currently”可知，該句陳述的是現(xiàn)在的情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故可知答案為has。10.where考查定語從句。分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為theuniversity，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故應(yīng)用where。BThereweretwomenwho1.______(live)nexttoeachother.Oneofthemwasaretiredteacherandtheotherwasabaker.Theteacher2.(rare)caredfortheplantsinhisgarden,butthebakerwasverycarefulwithhisplants.Therefore,theteacher'splantsweresmall,whilethebaker'splantswere3.biggerandgreener.Onenight,4.heavystormhitthevillage.Thenextmorning,bothoftheneighbourscameouttocheckontheirgardens.Thebakersawthathisplants5.(destroy).However,theteacher'splantswerenotdamagedatallandstoodfirm.6.(surprise),thebakeraskedtheteacher,“WebothgrewthesameplantsandIcaredformyplantsbetter7.youdid.HowareyourplantsstillOK？”Theteachersmiledandsaid,“Yougaveyourplantstoomuchattention,soyoumade8.tooeasyforthemtogrow.Igavemyplantsjustalittlebitofwater,sotheirrootshadtogrowdeeper9.(find)morebythemselves.That's10.myplantssurvived.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了兩個(gè)鄰居對(duì)待花園植物的不同態(tài)度，雖然退休教師不像面包師那樣經(jīng)常澆灌植物，但是暴風(fēng)雨來臨時(shí)，他的植物一點(diǎn)也沒有受損。1.lived考查謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：有兩個(gè)人是鄰居。句中who引導(dǎo)定語從句，主句中用的是一般過去時(shí)，定語從句中也要用一般過去時(shí)。故填lived。2.rarely考查副詞。句意：這位老師很少照看花園中的植物……修飾動(dòng)詞cared用副詞。故填rarely。3.much考查副詞。句意：……然而面包師的植物更大更綠。修飾比較級(jí)用much表程度，故填much。4.a考查冠詞。句意：一天晚上，一場(chǎng)大暴雨襲擊了這個(gè)村子。泛指“一場(chǎng)”用冠詞a，故填a。5.weredestroyed考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)面包師看到他的植物被破壞了?！爸参铩笔侵髡Z，和謂語動(dòng)詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。句中所給動(dòng)詞saw是過去式，因此用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填weredestroyed。6.Surprised考查形容詞。句意：面包師感到很奇怪，他問老師……人感到驚訝用-ed形式的形容詞，故填Surprised。7.than考查比較級(jí)。句意：……我比你更好地照顧植物，比較級(jí)后面跟than。故填than。8.it考查形式賓語。句意：……所以你讓植物生長(zhǎng)得太容易。固定結(jié)構(gòu)“make＋it＋adj.＋forsb.todosth.”表示“使得某人做某事感到……”。不定式togrow作真正賓語，用it作形式賓語，故填it。9.tofind考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：……為了尋找更多的水所以植物的根部不得不長(zhǎng)得更深。表示目的用不定式，故填tofind。10.why考查表語從句連接詞。句意：這是我的植物能存活的原因。be動(dòng)詞后是表語從句，表示原因用why。故填why。Ⅱ.根據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1.直到那時(shí)我才突然意識(shí)到?jīng)]有人比我更幸福了。(否定詞＋比較級(jí))ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealisednobody_was_happier_thanIwas.2.你一到云南就請(qǐng)給我發(fā)電子郵件。(theinstant/instantly)Pleasesendmeanemailthe_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.3.不要被說服買你實(shí)際上并不需要的東西。(persuade)Don'tletyourselfbe_persuaded_into_buyingthingsyoudon'treallyneed.4.在缺乏母語的環(huán)境下，學(xué)習(xí)作為一門外語的英語是很難的。(absence)LearningEnglishasaforeignlanguageisverydifficultin_the_absence_of_a_native_language_environment.5.那對(duì)父母強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)他們的女兒?jiǎn)为?dú)去那里。(oppose)Theparentsstrongly_opposed_their_daughter_going_there_alone.B組·能力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解AFuturologistsaremakingalotofpredictionsaboutourfuturelifeandtheyarepredictinghowwewilltravel,workandliveinthenext30years.By2048,somefuturologistsforeseethatsome“talking”buildingswillappearinourlife.Bythemiddleofthecentury,itisbelievedthatbuildingswillbeableto“talk”topeoplethroughvarioussensorswhentheheatingneedstobeturnedon.Asaresult,therewillbenoswitchesorcontrols.Instead,alotofnetworkswillappear,whichcanbecomparedtoahumannervoussystem.Inthenext30years,buildingswillbemadefromtranslucent(半透明的)concreteplasticsandshape-changingmaterials.Allofthemcanhealthemselvesatthattime.Asarchitectsareracingtodeveloptheworld'stallestbuildings,therewillbeaneedfornewkindsofelevators,throughwhichvehiclescouldeventravelintothebuildings.GermanengineershavealreadystartedworkingonsuchtechnologycalledMulti.Bythemid-century,scientistsbelievethatbuildingswillbemilestall.Someofthemmaybeverylargeandtheircapacityevenenablesthemtofunctionassmallcities.Bycomparison,atpresent,theworld'stallestbuilding,theBurjKhalifainDubai,measures829.8metreshigh.Asthefuturebuildingcanrisethroughtheclouds,theirwindowswillbereplacedbyvirtualscreens.Inthisway,peoplecanchooseanyviewastheylike.Atheightextremes,aLondonSpaceportisalsolikelytocomeintobeingby2048asthespaceindustrydevelopsveryquickly.Thereisahugecostadvantagegoingtospacefromashighabaseaspossible,soaspaceportisverylikelytobeover10kmandevenasmuchas30km,usingcarbon-basedmaterials.1.Howwilltheheatingsystembecontrolledinthefuture?A.Throughthenet.B.Throughsensors.C.Throughswitches.D.Throughmobiles.2.Whatmighthappentothefuturebuildingsinadisaster?A.Theycanrecoverbythemselves.B.Theycanseekhelpautomatically.C.Theycantransportpeopleintospace.D.Theycanprotectpeopleagainstharm.3.WhatislikelytobetheadvantageofMulti?A.Makingitpossibletobuildhighbuildings.B.Allowingvehiclestotravelintobuildings.C.Connectingtheearthwithspace.D.Seeingthescenesasyouplease.4.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.AdvancedTechnologyB.OurLifeintheFutureC.PredictionsonFutureD.FutureBuildings【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了未來的樓房是什么樣子的。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Bythemiddleofthecentury,itisbelievedthatbuildingswillbeableto‘talk’topeoplethroughvarioussensorswhentheheatingneedstobeturnedon.”可知，未來供熱系統(tǒng)通過傳感器來控制。2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inthenext30years,buildingswillbemadefromtranslucent(半透明的)concreteplasticsandshape-changingmaterials.Allofthemcanhealthemselvesatthattime.”可知，未來樓房可以自行恢復(fù)。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“...therewillbeaneedfornewkindsofelevators,throughwhichvehiclescouldeventravelintothebuildings.GermanengineershavealreadystartedworkingonsuchtechnologycalledMulti.”可知，Multi的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是能夠讓車輛進(jìn)入樓房。4.D標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了未來的樓房是什么樣子的。故以“未來樓房”命名最為合適。BScreensduringmealsrobkidsofopportunitiestoimprovelanguageandcommunicationskills(storytelling,makingjokes,etc.),aswellastodeveloppatienceandevenimaginationastheyentertainthemselveswaitingforfoodtoarrive.Mealsareanopportunitytoconnect,tolearnmoreaboutandenjoyeachother.Theystrengthenthebondsthatwillbringbenefitstotherestofourlives.Wesquanderthatopportunitywhenwestickascreeninfrontofourkidsduringdinner.Ofcourse,weallwanttohaveenjoyablefamilymeals,whichiswhyIloveBruceFeiller'sbookTheSecretsofHappyFamilies,inwhichhedevotesanentirechaptertowaystomakethemfunandmeaningfulforeveryone—suchas“fillintheblank”sentencesyoumakeup.Sharingsomethinggoodandsomethingchallengingmakesforpleasantconversations,too.AndI'vehadfunplayingUnowithmydaughtersuntilthefoodarrivesinarestaurant.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(小兒科)alsooffersguidelinestohelpfamiliesmanagechildren'sscreentime.Theacademyrecommendsavoidingdigitalmediaforchildrenunder2,exceptforvideo-chatting,andlimitingscreentimetojustonehouradayofhigh-qualityprogrammingforchildrenaging2to5.Fundamentally,weallbenefitfrommorehumanconnection,notless—andthat'sespeciallytrueforchildren.Schools,airplanetrips,mostjobs,games,even“social”interactionwerealloncedonewithoutscreensbutnowarefilledwiththem.Andwhilewehavegainedsomeadvantages,includingnewconnections,wehavelostsomethingfundamental,aswell.Lessisalwaysmorewhenitcomestoscreens,eveniftheyareeffectiveatkeepingkidsquiet.Butsoonaftercomplainingthattheyare“bored”，kidshaveanaturaltendencytofillthescreenlessvoid(空虛)withcreativegames,art,explorationandconversation.Therearenostudiesthatwarnagainsthavingtoomanyhoursofthoseactivities.Let'sallworkhardertokeepfamilymealsspecialbygettingridoftheiPadsandnourishingourpersonalconnectionsaswenourishourbodies.5.What'stheauthor'sattitudetothekids'staringatscreensduringmeals?A.Disapproving. B.Favourable.C.Cautious. D.Unconcerned.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“squander”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Take. B.Waste.C.Expect. D.Create.7.Whatwillkidsdoiftheyhavenoaccesstoscreens?A.Keepquiet.B.Refusetoeat.C.Feelboredallthetime.D.Findwaystoentertainthemselves.8.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.TointroducetheiPadstothechildren.B.Tostresstheimportanceoffamilymeals.C.Toappealforfamilymealswithoutscreens.D.Toteachparentshowtopunishtheirchildren.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了用餐時(shí)看電子產(chǎn)品既對(duì)孩子的成長(zhǎng)不利也讓我們浪費(fèi)了一個(gè)和孩子增進(jìn)聯(lián)系的機(jī)會(huì)，作者呼吁家庭用餐時(shí)不要使用屏幕(電子產(chǎn)品)。5.A觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第一段和第二段內(nèi)容可知，用餐時(shí)看電子產(chǎn)品既對(duì)孩子的成長(zhǎng)不利(影響孩子的語言和交流技能，讓他們變得沒有耐心和缺乏想象力)而且還讓我們浪費(fèi)了一個(gè)和孩子增進(jìn)聯(lián)系的機(jī)會(huì)。由此可推知作者對(duì)孩子們吃飯時(shí)盯著屏幕看持反對(duì)態(tài)度，故選A。6.B詞義猜測(cè)題。畫線詞前說用餐是一個(gè)相互聯(lián)系的機(jī)會(huì)，可以讓我們和孩子更多地了解和享受在一起的時(shí)間，再根據(jù)畫線詞后的內(nèi)容“whenwestickascreeninfrontofourkidsduringdinner”可推知，畫線詞詞義為“浪費(fèi)”，故選B。7.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Butsoonaftercomplainingthattheyare‘bored’，kidshaveanaturaltendencytofillthescreenlessvoid(空虛)withcreativegames,art,explorationandconversation.”可推知，當(dāng)沒有屏幕(電子產(chǎn)品)時(shí)，孩子們會(huì)想辦法自我娛樂，故選D。8.C寫作意圖題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)最后一段可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是呼吁家庭用餐時(shí)不要使用屏幕(電子產(chǎn)品)，故選C。Ⅱ.七選五(2021·全國(guó)重點(diǎn)中學(xué)模擬)Nowadays,onlinelearningturnsouttobemoreandmorepractised.Itrepresentsaneasyandcomfortablemethodforachievingknowledgeinalmosteveryfield.1Itisthereforeespeciallybeneficialtothosewhocan'tgotoschoolforcertainreasons.Butwhataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofonlinelearning?Althoughmanypeoplestillconsidertraditionalclassesasthebestwaytoattainknowledge,onlinelearningprovestobeausefuloption.Studentshavethechancetostudyintheirowntime.Itisagreatwaytostudymanyfieldsandtoimprovethelevelofself-motivation.2Thenthereismoretimeleftforhobbiesorotheractivities.Whatelse?Easyaccesstoallresourcesofatraditionalcoursehelpsstudentslearnwherevertheyare.3Amongotheradvantagesofonlinelearningtherearetheresponsibilityandself-discipline(自律)ofstudents.4Atschool,studentslearnhowtomakefriends,bepatient,getridofdisappointment,andespeciallytocompete.Onlinelearningcannotofferhumaninteraction.Anotherdisadvantagereferstothefactthatonlinecoursescannotdealwiththousandsofstudentsthattrytojoindiscussions.Inconclusion,onlinelearningshouldbeseenasacomplement(補(bǔ)充)toandextensionofclassicalformsoflearning.5Eachformoflearninghaseveryreasontoexist.A.Onlinelearningreachesmoreandmorepeople.B.Onlinelearningisagreatalternativetotraditionalclasses.C.However,onlyinasmallgroupcanastudentdevelopproperly.D.Besides,theyareabletoattenddifferentcoursesontheInternet.E.Eventhebestonlinecoursecan'tfullyreplaceface-to-facecontact.F.Onlinelearningiseffectiveasstudentscanmakefulluseoftheirtime.G.Butonlinelearningisalsoeffectiveforthosewhocan'tfocustheirattention.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文?，F(xiàn)在，在線學(xué)習(xí)越來越流行，那么相比傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)方式，它有什么優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)呢？1.B后一句提到“因此在線學(xué)習(xí)尤其會(huì)給那些由于某些原因不能去學(xué)校的人提供便利”，與B項(xiàng)(在線學(xué)習(xí)是一種很好的傳統(tǒng)課堂的替代方式)構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。2.F由上文中的“Studentshavethechancetostudyintheirowntime.”以及后一句“Thenthereismoretimeleftforhobbiesorotheractivities.”可以推斷出選F項(xiàng)(在線學(xué)習(xí)高效是因?yàn)閷W(xué)生可以充分利用時(shí)間)。3.D本句承接前一句，前一句提到學(xué)生可以在任何地方學(xué)習(xí)，故D項(xiàng)(此外，他們可以參