冀教版英語(yǔ)九年級(jí)全冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

Unit1—■、知識(shí)點(diǎn)l.Checkin:在旅館的登記入住。Checkout:在旅館結(jié)賬離開。2.By:①通過.....方式(途徑)。例：IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotapes.②在.....旁邊。例：bythewindow/thedoor③乘坐交通工具例：bybus/car④在......之前，到……為止。例：byOctober在10月前⑤被例：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.3.how與what的區(qū)別：how通常對(duì)方式或程度提問，意思有：怎么樣如何，通常用來(lái)做狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。what通常對(duì)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者或接受者提問，意思為什么，通常做賓語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)。①Howisyoursummerholiday?It'sOK.(how表示程度做表語(yǔ))②Howdidyoutravelaroundtheworld?Itravelbyair.③Whatdoyoulearnatschool?IlearnEnglish,mathandmanyothersubjects.What...thinkof...?How...like...?What...dowith...?How...dealwith...?What...likeabout...?How...like...?What'stheweatherliketoday?How'stheweathertoday?Whattodo?Howtodoit?e.g.Whatdoyouthinkofthisbook?=Howdoyoulikethisbook?Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddowiththematter.=1don'tknowhowIshoulddealwithit.WhatdoyoulikeaboutChina?=HowdoyoulikeChina?Idon'tknowwhattodonextstep?=Idon'tknowhowtodoHnextstep?@Whatgood/badweatheritistoday!（weather為不可數(shù)名詞，其前不能加a）@Whatafine/baddayitistoday! （day為可數(shù)名詞，其前要加a）aloud,loud與loudly的用法：三個(gè)詞都與"大聲"或"響亮"有關(guān)。①aloud是副詞，重點(diǎn)在出聲能讓人聽見,但聲音不一定很大，常用在讀書或說(shuō)話上。通常放在動(dòng)詞之后。aloud沒有比較級(jí)形式。如：Hereadthestoryaloudtohisson.他朗讀那篇故事給他兒子聽。②loud可作形容詞或副詞。用作副詞時(shí)，常與speak,talk,laugh等動(dòng)詞連用，多用于比較級(jí)，須放在動(dòng)詞之后。如：Shetoldustospeakalittlelouder.她讓我們說(shuō)大聲一點(diǎn)。③loudly是副詞，與loud同義，有時(shí)兩者可替換使用,但往往含有令人討厭或打擾別人的意思，可位于動(dòng)詞之前或之后。如：Hedoesnottalkloudlyorlaughloudlyinpublic,他不當(dāng)眾大聲談笑。voice指人的嗓音也指鳥鳴。sound指人可以聽到的各種聲音。noise指噪音、吵鬧聲find+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)（名詞形容詞介詞短語(yǔ)分詞等）例：Ifindhimfriendly.Ifoundhimworkinginthegarden.Wefoundhiminbed.Hefoundthewindowclosed.Wefoundherhonest.常見的系動(dòng)詞有：①是：am、is>are②保持：keep,stay（3）轉(zhuǎn)變：become、get,turn④ 起來(lái)feel,look,smell,taste、sound.get+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)（形容詞過去分詞動(dòng)詞不定式）使某種情況發(fā)生例：Gettheshoesclean.把鞋擦干凈GetMr.Greentocome.讓格林先生進(jìn)來(lái)Iwanttogetmybikerepaired.我想去修自行車Youcan'tgethimwaiting.你不肯甘讓他老等著.動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ)①與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系ThenexttraintoarrivewasfromNewYork.Heisalwaysthefirsttocome.②與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系IhaveIhavenothingtosay.Ineedsomepapertowriteon.Idon'thavearoomtolivein..practice,fun做名詞為不可數(shù)名詞.add補(bǔ)充說(shuō)又說(shuō).join加入某團(tuán)體并成為其中一員 attend出席參加會(huì)議或講座joinin與takepartin指參加到某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中去。.alkboth、always以及every復(fù)合詞與not連用構(gòu)成部分否定。其完全否定為：all-none,both-neither,everything-nothing, everybody-nobody..beafraidofdoingsth./sth.害怕beafraidofbeingalonebeafraidtodosth.害怕beafraidthat恐怕?lián)?，表示委婉語(yǔ)氣.either：①放在否定句末表示'、也”②兩者中的''任一，，③either...or…或者…或者.…引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)部分，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞按照就近原則.complete完成，是個(gè)較正式的詞，后不能接動(dòng)名詞finish指日常事物的完成.a,an與序數(shù)詞連用表示''又一"，''再一"。例：Pleasegivemeasecondapple.Therecomesafifthgirl..havetrouble/difficult/problem(in)doing..…干.....遇到麻煩，困難.unless除非，如果不，等于''ifnot”本身就表示否定，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句為將來(lái)時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。彳列：Mybabysisterdoesn'tcryunlessshe'shungry.=Mybabysisterdoesn'tcryifsheisn'thungry.Unlessyoutakemorecare,youllhaveanaccident.如果你不多加小心的話，你會(huì)出事的。instead:adv.代替，更換。例：Wehavenocoffee,wouldyouliketeainstead?我們沒有咖啡了，改喝茶好嗎？Itwilltakedaysbycar,solet'sflyinstead.開車去要好幾天呢，咱們還是坐飛機(jī)吧。Tomwasill,soIwentinstead.湯姆病了，所以換了我去。insteadofdoingsth.作為某人或某事物的替換例：Let'splaycardsinsteadofwatchingTV.Wesometimeseatriceinsteadofpotatoes.Givemetheredoneinsteadofthegreenone.spoken口頭的，口語(yǔ)的。spokenEnglish口頭英語(yǔ)speaking講話的，說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言的。Speakingskills講英語(yǔ)的能力提建議的句子：?What/howabout+doingsth.?如：What/Howaboutgoingshopping?②Whydon'tyou+dosth.?如：Whydon'tyougoshopping?@Whynot+dosth.?如：Whynotgoshopping?④Let's+dosth.如：Let'sgoshopping?Shallwe/I+dosth.?如:Shallwe/Igoshopping?alot許多常用于句末如：Ieatalot.我吃了許多。too...to太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv.+todosth.如：Fmtootiredtosayanything.我太累了，什么都不想說(shuō)。not...atall一點(diǎn)也不根本不如：Ilikemilkverymuch.Idon'tlikecoffeeatall.我非常喜歡牛奶。我一點(diǎn)也不喜歡咖啡。not經(jīng)?？梢院椭鷦?dòng)詞結(jié)合在一起，atall則放在句尾be/getexcitedaboutsth.===be/getexcitedaboutdoingsth.===beexcitedtodosth.對(duì)…感興奮如:lam/getexcitedaboutgoingtoBeijing.===IamexcitedtogotoBeijing.我對(duì)去北京感到興奮。①endupdoingsth 終止做某事，結(jié)束做某事如：Thepartyendedupsinging.晚會(huì)以唱歌而結(jié)束。②endupwithsth. 以…結(jié)束如：Thepartyendedupwithhersinging.晚會(huì)以她的歌唱而告終。firstofall首先.tobeginwith一開始lateron后來(lái)、隨also也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中間either也（用于否定句）常在句末too也（用于肯定句）常在句末=己$wellmakemistakes犯錯(cuò)mistakesb.for…把 錯(cuò)認(rèn)為 makemistakes(in)doingsth.在干某事方面出錯(cuò)bymistake錯(cuò)誤地；由于搞錯(cuò)mistake---mistook----mistaken如:Ioftenmakemistakes.我經(jīng)常犯錯(cuò)。Imistookhimforhisbrother.我錯(cuò)把他認(rèn)成了他的哥哥。makeamistake犯一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤如：Ihavemadeamistake.我已經(jīng)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。laughatsb.笑話；取笑(某人)如:Don'tlaughatme!不要取笑我！takenotes做筆記，做記錄enjoydoingsth.喜歡做…樂意做…如：Sheenjoysplayingfootball.她喜歡踢足球。enjoyoneself過得愉快如:Heenjoyedhimself.他過得愉快。nativespeaker說(shuō)本族語(yǔ)的人oneof+(the+形容詞比較級(jí))+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式…其中之一如：Sheisoneofthemostpopularteachers,她是最受歡迎的教師之一。It's+形容詞+(forsb.)todosth.(對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事…如:It'sdifficult(forme)tostudyEnglish.對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)太難了。句中的it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是tostudyEnglishpracticedoing練習(xí)做某事如：SheoftenpracticespeakingEnglish,她經(jīng)常練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。decidetodosth.決定做某事如:LiLeihasdecidedtogotoBeiJing.李雷已經(jīng)決定去北京。dealwith處理如：Idealtwithalotofproblem.worryaboutsb./sth.擔(dān)心某人/某事如：Motherworriedabouthissonjustnow.媽媽剛才擔(dān)心他的兒子。beangrywithsb.對(duì)某人生氣如：Iwasangrywithher,我對(duì)她生氣。perhaps===maybe也許goby（時(shí)間）過去如:Twoyearswentby.兩年過去了。seesb./sth.doing看見某人正在做某事強(qiáng)調(diào)正在發(fā)生seesb./sth.do 看見某人在做某事如：如：Shesawhimdrawingapictureintheclassroom.她看見他正在教室里畫畫。eachother彼此regard...as...把…看作為....如:TheboysregardedAnnaasafool.這些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。toomany許多修飾可數(shù)名詞如：toomanygirlstoomuch許多修飾不可數(shù)名詞如：toomuchmilkmuchtoo太 修飾形容詞如：o...將…變?yōu)椤纾篢hemagicianchangedthepenintoabook.這個(gè)魔術(shù)師將這本書變?yōu)橐槐緯?。withthehelpofsb.==withone'shelp在某人的幫助下如:withthehelpofLiLei==withLiLei'shelp在李雷的幫助下compare...to...把…與…相比如：CompareyoutoAnna,youarelucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸運(yùn)的。二、短語(yǔ)：.bymakingflashcards通過做單詞抽認(rèn)卡.ask...forhelp向某人求助.readaloud朗讀.thatway(=inthatway)通過那種方式mprovemyspeakingskills提高我的會(huì)話技巧.forexample(=fo門nstance)例如.havefun玩得高興.haveconversationswithfriends與朋友對(duì)'話.getexcited高興，激動(dòng).endupspeakinginChinese以說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)結(jié)束對(duì)話.doasurveyabout...做有關(guān)…的調(diào)查.keepanEnglishnotebook記英語(yǔ)筆記.spokenEnglish(=oralEnglish)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ).makemistakes犯錯(cuò)誤.getthepronunciationright使發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確.practisespeakingEnglish練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ).firstofall首先.beginwith以…開始ateron隨后inclass在課堂上laughtat嘲笑.takenotes記筆記.enjoydoing喜歡干....writedown寫下，記下.lookup(v+adv)查找，查詢.nativespeakers說(shuō)本族話的人.makeup編造，虛構(gòu)，化妝，打扮.aroundtheworld全世界.dealwith對(duì)待，處理，解決.worryabout(beworriedabout)擔(dān)心，擔(dān)憂.beangrywith生某人的氣.stayangry生氣.goby消逝.regard...as...把…當(dāng)做….complainabout/of抱怨.o...把…變成...(=turninto).withthehelpof在…的幫助下.compare...to(with)...把…和...作比較.thinkof(thinkabout)想起，想到.physicalproblems身體上的問題.breakoff中斷，突然終止.not...atall根本不,全然不三、句子l.Howdoyoustudyforatest?你怎樣為考試做準(zhǔn)備？havelearnedalotthatway.用那種方法，我已經(jīng)學(xué)到了很多東西。t'stoohardtounderstandthevoice.聽懂那些聲音太難了。4.Memorizingthewordsofpopsongsalsohelpedalittle.記流行歌曲的詞也起作用。5.WeiMingfeelsdifferently.衛(wèi)明有不同的感受。6.Hefindswatchingmoviesfrustrating.他覺得看電影讓人感到沮喪.7.Sheaddedthathavingconversationswithfriendswasnothelpfulatall.她又說(shuō)和朋友對(duì)話根本沒用。8.1don'thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.我沒有搭檔一起練習(xí)英語(yǔ)。.Lateron,Irealizedthatitdoesn'tmatterifyoudon'tunderstandeveryword.隨后，我認(rèn)識(shí)到聽不懂每個(gè)詞并沒有關(guān)系。.Itsamazinghowmuchthishelped.我驚異于這些方法竟如此有用。.Myteacherisveryimpressed.給老師留下了深刻的印象。.Shehadtroublemakingcompletesentences.她很難造出完整的句子。.Whatdoyouthinkyouaredoing?你在做什么？.MostpeoplespeakEnglishasasecondlanguage.英語(yǔ)對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)是第二語(yǔ)言。.Howdowedealwithourproblem?我們?cè)鯓犹幚砦覀兊膯栴}？.Itisourdutytotryourbesttodealwitheachchallengeinoureducationwiththehelpofourteachers.在老師的幫助下盡我們最大的努力來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)是我們的責(zé)任。Hecan'twalkorevenspeak.他無(wú)法走路，甚至無(wú)法說(shuō)話Unit2—?、知識(shí)點(diǎn)usedto過去常常做某事，暗指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不存在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).后跟動(dòng)詞原形.usedtodosth.Thereusedtobe....（反意疑問句）didn'tthere?否定形式為：didn'tuseto或usedn'tto疑問形式為：Did...useto...?或Used...to...?be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于，to為介詞.wear表示狀態(tài).=bein+顏色的詞puton表示動(dòng)作.dress+人給某人穿衣服.dresssb./oneselfhaveon表示狀態(tài)（不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）ontheswimteamon是…的成員，在…供職.Don'tyourememberme?否定疑問句.（考點(diǎn)）Yes,Ido.不，我記得.No,Idon't是的，我不記得了.反意疑問句：①陳述部分的主語(yǔ)為this,that,疑問部分主語(yǔ)用it;陳述部分主語(yǔ)用these,those,疑問部分用they做主語(yǔ).例：Thisisanewstory,isn'tit?Thoseareyourparents,aren'tthey?②陳述部分是therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，疑問部分仍用there例：TherewasamannamedPaul,wasn'tthere?③Iam后的疑問句，用aren'tI例：IaminClass2,aren'tI?d）陳述部分與含有not,no,never,few,little,hardly,seldom,neither,none等詞時(shí)，疑問部分用肯定.例：Fewpeoplelikedthismovie,didn'tthey?但陳述句中若帶有否定前綴或后綴的單詞時(shí)，這個(gè)句子仍視為肯定，后面仍用否定.例：Yoursisterisunhappy,isn'tshe?⑤陳述部分的主語(yǔ)若為不定式或V-ing短語(yǔ)，疑問部分主語(yǔ)用it.例：Tospendsomuchmoneyonclothesisunnecessary,isn'tit?⑥陳述句中主語(yǔ)是nobody,noone,everyone,everybody等指人的不定代詞時(shí)，疑問部分用they做主語(yǔ)；若陳述部分主語(yǔ)是something,anything,noting,everything等指事物的不定代詞時(shí)，疑問部分用it做主語(yǔ).例：Nobodysaysonewordabouttheaccident,dothey?Everythingseemsperfect,doesn'tit?⑦當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第一人稱I時(shí)，若謂動(dòng)為think,believe,guess等詞時(shí)，且其后跟賓叢，這時(shí)疑問句部分的人稱，時(shí)態(tài)要與賓語(yǔ)從句保持一致，同時(shí)還要考慮否定轉(zhuǎn)移.例：Idon'tthinkhecanfinishtheworkintime,canhe?⑧前面是祈使句，后用willyou?（let's開頭時(shí)，后用shallwe?）beterrifiedof害怕的程度比beafraidof深.miss:①思念，想念例：Ireallymisstheolddays.②錯(cuò)過，未中，未趕上，未找到.例：It'sapitythatyoumissthebus.Theboyshotatthegoal,butmissed.nomore（用在句中）=not...anymore（用在句尾）指次數(shù)；nolonger（用在句中）=not...anylonger（用在句尾）指時(shí)間.right:①adj.正確的，右邊的②n.右方，權(quán)利③adv.直接地.ItseemsthatYuMeihaschangedalot.=YuMeiseemstohavechangedalot.afford+n./pron.afford+todo常與can,beableto連用.例：Canyouaffordanewcar?Thefilmcouldn'taffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.aswellas連詞，不但…而且…強(qiáng)調(diào)前者.(若引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)，謂動(dòng)與前者在人稱和數(shù)上一致例：Livingthingsneedairandlightaswellaswater.生命不僅需要水，還需要空氣和陽(yáng)光.Iaswellastheyamreadytohelpyou.不僅是他們，我也愿意幫助你.alone=byoneself獨(dú)自一人.lonely孤獨(dú)的，寂寞的.inthelast/past+一段時(shí)間duringthelast/past+一段時(shí)間 與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用.die(v.)dead(adj.)death(n.)dying(垂死的)playthepiano彈鋼琴①be/becomeinterestedinsth.對(duì)…感興趣②beinterestedindoingsth.對(duì)做…感興趣③showgreatinterestin在......方面產(chǎn)生極大的興趣④aplaceofinterest一處名勝someplacesofinterest如：Heisinterestedinmath,butheisn'tinterestedinspeakingEnglish.他對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)感興趣，但是他對(duì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)不感興趣。⑤interestedadj.感興趣的，指人對(duì)某事物感興趣，往往主語(yǔ)是人⑥interestingadj.有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主語(yǔ)往往是物⑦aninterestingbook/man害怕...beterrifiedofsth.如：Iamterrifiedofthedog.beterrifiedofdoingsth.如:Iamterrifiedofspeaking.on副詞，表示（電燈、電視、機(jī)械等）在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中/打開，其反義詞off. withthelighton燈開著walktosomewhere步行到某處walktoschool步行到學(xué)校spend動(dòng)詞，表示''花費(fèi)金錢、時(shí)間”?spend...onsth.在某事上花費(fèi)（金錢、時(shí)間）②spend...doingsth.花費(fèi)（金錢、時(shí)間）去做某事如:Hespendstoomuchtimeonclothes.他花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間在衣著Hespend3monthsbuildingthebridge.他花費(fèi)了三個(gè)月去建這座橋。payfor花費(fèi)如：Ipay10yuanforthebook.我花了10元買這本書。take動(dòng)詞有''花費(fèi)"的意思常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：Ittake（s）sb....todosth.如：Ittakesmeadaytoreadthebook.chatwithsb.與某人閑聊如：Iliketochatwithhim.我喜歡和他聊天。worryaboutsb./sth.擔(dān)心某人/某事worry是動(dòng)詞beworriedaboutsb./sth.擔(dān)心某人/某事worried是形容詞如：Don'tworryabouthim.不用擔(dān)心他。Motherisworriedaboutherson.媽媽擔(dān)心他的兒子。allthetime一直、始終takesb.to+地方送/帶某人去某個(gè)地方如：Apersontookhimtothehospital.一個(gè)人把他送到了醫(yī)院。Luitookmehome.劉把我送回了家。（home的前面不能用to）hardlyadv.幾乎不、沒有hard困難的；猛烈地hardlyever很少hardly修飾動(dòng)詞時(shí)，通常放在助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+hardlyhardly+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞如：Icanhardlyunderstandthem.我?guī)缀醪荒軌蛎靼姿麄?。Ihardlyhavetimetodoit.我?guī)缀鯖]有時(shí)間去做了。Itrainshardoutside.Ihelastfewyears.在過去的幾年內(nèi)常與完成時(shí)連用如：IhavelivedinChinainthelastfewyears.在過去的幾年內(nèi)我在中國(guó)住。bedifferentfrom與...不同howtoswim怎樣游泳不定式與疑問詞連用：動(dòng)詞不定式可以和what,which,how,where,when等引導(dǎo)的疑問句連用，構(gòu)成不定工短語(yǔ)。如：Thequestioniswhentostart.問題是什么時(shí)候開始。Idon'tknowwheretogo.我不知道去哪。makesb./sth.+形容詞makeyouhappymakesb./sth.+動(dòng)詞原形makehimlaughmoveto+地方搬到某地如：ImovedtoBeijinglastyear.ltseemsthat+從句看起來(lái)好像……如：Itseemsthathehaschangedalot.看起來(lái)他好像變了許多。helpsb.withsth,幫某人某事helpsb.(to)dosth.幫某人做某事ShehelpedmewithEnglish.她幫助我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。Shehelpedme(to)studyEnglisho她幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。fifteen-year-old作形容詞15歲的fifteen-year-olds作名詞指15歲的人fifteenyearsold指年齡15歲如：afifteen-year-oldboy一個(gè)15歲的男孩Fifteen-year-oldsliketosing.15歲的人喜歡唱歌。Iamfifteenyearsold.我是15歲。支付不起… can't/couldn'taffordtodosth.can't/couldn'taffordsth.如：Ican't/couldn'taffordtobuythecar.Ican't/couldntaffordthecar.我買不起這個(gè)輛小車。as+形容詞./副詞+assb.could/can盡某人的…能力如：Zhourunasfastashercould/can.她盡她最快的能力去跑。getintotroublewith遇到麻煩intheend最后

makeadecision下決定下決心toone'ssurprise令某人驚訝如：totheirsurprise令他們驚訝toLiLei'ssurprise令李雷驚訝takeprideinsth,以…而自豪如:Hisfatheralwaystakeprideinhim.他的爸爸總是以他而自豪payattentiontosth.對(duì)…注意，留心如：Youmustpayattentiontoyourfriend.你應(yīng)該多注意你的朋友。beabletodosth.能做某事如：Sheisabletodoit.她能夠做到。giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事如：Myfatherhasgivenupsmoking.我爸爸已經(jīng)放棄吸煙了。復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句的轉(zhuǎn)化：①when attheageof...so...that... too...to..../enoughto...sothat... inordertodosth.d)because... becauseof...if.... without/with...if... 祈使句+and/or+簡(jiǎn)單句賓語(yǔ)從句一-特殊疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式beafraidbesurethatbesurethat+從句--動(dòng)詞不定式besorryItseems/seemedthatsb.... sb.seems/seemedtodosth.Sb.hopes/hopedthat.... sb.hopes/hopedtodosth.二、短語(yǔ)bemoreinterestedin對(duì)…更感興趣.ontheswimteam游泳隊(duì)的隊(duì)員.beterrifiedof害怕.gymclass體操課.worryabout.擔(dān)心.allthetime一直，總是chatwith與…閑聊hardlyever幾乎從不walktoschool=gotoschoolonfoottakethebustoschool=gotoschoolbybusaswellas不僅…而且getintotrouble遇到麻煩makeadecision做出決定toonezssurprise使某人吃驚的是takepridein為…感到驕傲payattentionto留心，注意consistof由…組成/構(gòu)成.bemadeupof由…組成/構(gòu)成.insteadof代替，而不是intheend最后，終于playthepiano彈鋼琴三、句子1.1usedtobeafraidofthedark.我以前害怕黑暗.2.1gotosleepwithmybedroomlighton.我開著臥室的燈睡覺.3.1usedtospendalotoftimeplayinggameswithmyfriends.以前我常?；ê芏鄷r(shí)間和我的朋友們玩游戲.4.1hardlyeverhavetimeforconcerts.我?guī)缀鯖]有時(shí)間去聽音樂會(huì).5.Mylifehaschangedalotinthelastfewyears.6.1twillmakeyoustressedout,那會(huì)使你緊張的.7.1tseemsthatYuMeihaschangedalot.玉梅似乎變化很大.Unit3一、知識(shí)點(diǎn)①英語(yǔ)有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和補(bǔ)動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者Catseatfish. （主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）貓吃魚。Fishiseatenbycats.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）魚被貓吃。②被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成

由''助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成助動(dòng)詞be有人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，其變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動(dòng)詞時(shí)完全一樣。時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)amare+過去分詞isEnglishisspokeninmanycountries.一般過去時(shí)was+過去分詞were+過去分詞Thisbridgewasbuiltin1989.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can/shouldmay+be+過去分詞must/ Theworkmustbedonerightnow.③被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法當(dāng)我們不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者沒有必要指出誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或者只需強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）如：MotherallowsmetowatchTVeverynight.媽媽允許我每晚看電視。beallowedtodosth.被允許做某事（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）如:LiLyisallowedtogotoQinzhou,莉莉被允許去欽州。gettheirearspierced穿耳洞讓/使（別人）做某事getsth.done（過去分詞）havesth.done如：Igetmycarrepaired.==Ihavemycarrepaired.我讓別人修好我的車Iwanttohavemyhaircut.我要理發(fā).enough足夠形容詞+enough如：beautifulenough足夠漂亮enough+名詞如：enoughfood足夠食物enoughto足夠…去做…如：IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing,我有足夠的錢去北京。Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.她夠大去讀書了。stopdoingsth.停止做某事Pleasestopspeaking.請(qǐng)停止說(shuō)話。stoptodosth.停止下來(lái)去做某事Pleasestoptospeak,請(qǐng)停下來(lái)說(shuō)話?？雌饋?lái)好像…sb.seemtodosth.=Itseemsthat+從句Heseemstofeelverysad.Itseemsthathefeelsverysad,他看起來(lái)好像很傷心。倒裝句：由so+助動(dòng)詞（be/do/will/have）/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)意為：…也是一樣Neither/Nor+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)（前為否定）表示與前面所述事實(shí)一致.Sheisastudent.SoamI.她是一個(gè)學(xué)生，我也是。Shewenttoschooljustnow.SodidI.她剛才去學(xué)校了，我也是Shehasfinishedthework.SohaveI.她已經(jīng)完成了工作,我也完成了。Shewillgotoschool.Sowillhe.她將去學(xué)校，他也是。Tomcan'tswim.NeithercanJohn.yet仍然，還常用在否定句或疑問句當(dāng)中可與although/though連用stayup熬夜如:Ioftenstayupuntil12:00pm.我經(jīng)常熬夜到12點(diǎn)。cleanup打掃整理如：Ihavecleanedupthebedroom.我已經(jīng)打掃完了臥室。程度副詞：always總是usually經(jīng)常sometimes有時(shí)never從不如：Iamalways/usually/sometimes/neverlateforschool.我總是/經(jīng)常/有時(shí)/從不上學(xué)遲到。曾經(jīng)做某事：Doyouevergettoschoollate?Yes,Ido,No,Idon't.Haveyouevergottoschoollate?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven't.goshopping（去購(gòu)物）， gofishing（去釣魚）goswimming（去游泳），goboating（去劃船）gohking（去登山）， gotrekking（去徒步）.bestrictwith+人.bestrictin+事物.例:TheheadteacherisstrictwithhisstudentsHeisstrictinthework.takethetest參加考試passthetest通過考試failatest考試失敗theotherday前幾天，不久前的一天.（用于過去時(shí)）everyotherday=everytwodays每隔一天（每?jī)商欤゛gree同意反義詞disagree不同意動(dòng)詞agreement同意反義詞disagreement不同意名詞keepsb/sth.+形容詞使某人/某物保持....如：Weshouldkeepourcityclean,（cleaningx）我們應(yīng)該保持我們的城市干凈。Don'tkeepmewaitingforalongtime.別讓我等得太久。both...and...+動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式如：BothJimandLiMingplaybastketball.learn（sth.）fromsb.向誰(shuí)學(xué)習(xí)（什么）如:JimlearntEnglishfromhisEnglishteacher.吉姆向他的英語(yǔ)老師學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)haveanopportunitytodosth.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事haveachanceofdoingsth.有機(jī)會(huì)做某事如：IhaveanopportunitytogotoBeijing.IhaveachanceofgoingtoBeijing.atpresent目前atleast最少atmost最多花費(fèi)take,cost,spend,payIttake(sb.)timetodosth.Ittook(me)lOdaystoreadthebook.sth.cost(sb.) Thebookcost(me)lOOyuan.sb.spend...onsth.ShespentlOdaysonthisbook.sb.spend...doingsth.ShespentlOdaysreadingthisbook.sb.pay...forsth.ShepaidlOyuanforthisbook.have+時(shí)間段+off放假，休息如：have2daysoffo什不工作，不上班,不上學(xué)，不值班.例：IthinkIIItaketheafternoonoff.我想下午歇班.Sheisofftoday.她今天休息.Ihavethreedaysoffnextweek.下周我有三天假.Theyhaven'thadadayoffsincelastweek,從上周來(lái)，他們沒休息過一天.replyto答復(fù)某人如：ShereplayedtoMrGreen.agreewithsth.同意某事如:Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意見如：IagreetoLiLei.getinthewayof礙事，妨礙如:Hersociallifegotinthewayofherstudies.她的社會(huì)生活妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。successn.succeedv.successfuladj.successfullyadv.thinkabout與thinkof的區(qū)別①當(dāng)兩者譯為：認(rèn)為、想起、記著時(shí)，兩者可互用Ioftenthinkabout/ofthatday.我經(jīng)常想起那天。②thinkabout還有''考慮"之意，thinkof想到、想出時(shí)兩者不能互用Atlast,hethoughtofagoodidea.最后他想出了一個(gè)好主意。WearethinkingaboutgoingQinzhou.我們正在考慮去欽州。對(duì)…熱衷，對(duì)…興趣beseriousaboutdoing如：Sheisseriousaboutdancing.她對(duì)?E舞熱衷。beseriousaboutsth.ija：Sheisseriousabouthim.她對(duì)他感興趣。practicedoing練習(xí)彳故某事SheoftenpracticespeakingEnglish.careaboutsb.關(guān)心某人如：Motheroftencareaboutherson.also也用于句中either也用于否定句且用于句末too=aswell也用于肯定句且用于句末Iamalsoastudent.我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生Iamastudenttoo.我也是一個(gè)學(xué)生。Iamnotastudenteither.我也不是一個(gè)學(xué)生。allowdoingsthallowdoingsth允許做...36.stupidsillyfoolish三個(gè)詞都有''蠢"的意思.但略有不同.stupid程度最強(qiáng),指智力理解力學(xué)習(xí)能力差.silly指頭腦簡(jiǎn)單，傻頭傻腦，使人覺得可笑，帶有感情色彩.foolish尤其在口語(yǔ)中廣泛使用.例：Heisstupidinlearningmath.他學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)很笨.Stopaskingsuchsillyquestions.別再問這樣傻的問題了.Youarefoolishtothrowawaysuchagoodchance.你真蠢，丟掉這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì).Hedoesn'tseemtohavemanyfriends.=Itseemsthathedoesn'thavemanyfriends.=Heseemsnottohavemanyfriends.clean(v.)打掃，清理cleanup比較徹底地打掃，清理cleanout打掃，清理地最徹底.concentrateon...全神貫注做…例：Hedecidedtoconcentrateonphysicsbecausehefailedtheexam.ThiscompanyconcentratesonChinamarket.這家公司把重點(diǎn)放在中國(guó)市場(chǎng)上.more…than…①與其說(shuō)...不如說(shuō)...；比…更…例:Themanismorestupidthannervous.與其說(shuō)那人緊張，倒不如說(shuō)他愚蠢.②在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中,more做adj.修飾名詞，表示''比…多"例:Ihavemorebooksthanyou.我的書比你的多.volunteer①n.自愿者.②v.volunteertodosth.自愿做...例：Weallvolunteeredtohelpintheoldpeople'shome.我們都志愿到敬老院幫忙.getintheway(of)...妨礙…例：Henevergetsinothers'way.他從不妨礙別人.Thebikesovertherewillgetinthewayofothers.自行車放在那里會(huì)妨礙別人的.success(n.)successful(adj.)succeed(v.)only處于句首,并后跟狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，全句需要倒裝.例：Onlythendidheunderstandit.只有到那時(shí)，他才明白.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.只有這樣我們才能把英語(yǔ)學(xué)好.Onlywhenshecamehome,didhelearnthenews.當(dāng)她至U家時(shí)，他才得知了這消息.careabout關(guān)心，在乎，在意.例：Noonecaresaboutothersnowadays.現(xiàn)在沒人關(guān)心別人.Idon'tcareaboutwhathedoes.我并不在意他干什么.二、短語(yǔ)beallowedtodosth被允許干…allowsbtodosth允許某人干...allowdoingsth允許干…sixteen-year-olds=sixteen-year-oldboysandgirls16歲的孩子part-timejobs兼職工作adriver'slicense駕照onweekends在周末atthatage在那個(gè)年齡段onschoolnights在上學(xué)期間的每個(gè)晚上stayup熬夜cleanup（相當(dāng)與及物動(dòng)詞）清掃fail（in）atest考試不及格takethetest參加考試theotherday前幾天allmyclassmates我所有的同學(xué)concentrateon全神貫注于begoodfor對(duì)...有益ingroups成群的，按組的getnoisy吵鬧（系表結(jié)構(gòu)）learnfrom向某人學(xué)習(xí)atpresent目前，現(xiàn)在haveanopportunitytodosth有做...的機(jī)會(huì)English-Englishdictionary英英詞典atleast至少eighthours'sleepanight每晚8小時(shí)的睡眠anoldpeople'shome敬老院taketimetodosth花費(fèi)時(shí)間干...primaryschools小學(xué)have...off放假，休息replyto回答，答復(fù)getinthewayof妨礙aprofessionalathlete職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員achieveone'sdreams實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想thinkabout思考，考慮intheend最后，終于beseriousabout對(duì)...熱忠/極感興趣spend...on+n.spend...(in)+v-ing在…上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢careabout關(guān)心，擔(dān)心，在乎agreewith同意...三.句子1.1don'tthinktwelve-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許12歲的孩子穿耳孔..Theytalkinsteadofdoinghomework.他們聊天而不是做作業(yè)..Heisallowedtostayupuntil11:00pm.允許他們熬到晚上11點(diǎn)..Weshouldbeallowedtotaketimetodothingslikethatmoreoften.我們應(yīng)該被允許更加經(jīng)常的花些時(shí)間多做這類事情..Whatschoolrulesdoyouthinkshouldbechanged?你認(rèn)為學(xué)校的哪些制度應(yīng)該改一改了？.Thetwopairsofjeansbothlookgoodonme.這兩條牛仔褲穿在我身上都適合..Theclassroomisarealmess.教室太臟了..ShouldIbeallowedtomakemyowndecisions?.OnlythenwillIhaveachanceofachievingmydream.只有這樣我才能實(shí)現(xiàn)我的夢(mèng)想..Theyshouldbeallowedtopracticetheirhobbiesasmuchastheywant.應(yīng)該允許他們對(duì)業(yè)余愛好想練多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間就練多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間..Wehavenothingagainstrunning.我們沒有理由反對(duì)他跑步.Unit4—?、知識(shí)點(diǎn)if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)性條件狀語(yǔ)從句 即虛擬語(yǔ)氣通過動(dòng)詞形式的變化來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)所持的態(tài)度或看法的動(dòng)詞形式稱為語(yǔ)氣，虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是事實(shí)，而是一種祝愿，建議或是與事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)等。If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句分為真實(shí)和非真實(shí)條件句，非真實(shí)條件句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如果要表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)事實(shí)相反時(shí)，其虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)為：句型條件從句主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式動(dòng)詞過去式（be動(dòng)詞一律用were）would+動(dòng)詞原形即：（從句）if+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過去式（be動(dòng)詞用were）,一般過去時(shí)（主句）主語(yǔ)+would+動(dòng)詞原形 過去將來(lái)時(shí)如：IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.如果我有時(shí)間，我就會(huì)去散步。（事實(shí)上我現(xiàn)在沒有時(shí)間）IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.假如我是你的話，我會(huì)帶上雨傘。（事實(shí)上我不是你）Iwouldsaynoifsomeoneaskedmetobeinamovie.假如有人請(qǐng)我當(dāng)電影演員，我會(huì)表示拒絕。（事實(shí)上瑞沒有人請(qǐng)我當(dāng)電影演員）pretendtodosth.假裝做某事Ipretendedtosleepjustnow.pretendtobedoingsth,假裝正在干某事Thestudentspretendedtobewritingwhentheteachercamein.pretend+從句假裝...IpretendedthatIfellasleep.belatefor遲到如:Iamlateforwork/school/class/party.afew與alittle的區(qū)別，few與little的區(qū)別⑴afew一些修飾可數(shù)名詞alittle一些修飾不可數(shù)名詞 兩者表肯定意義如：Hehasafewfriends.他有一些朋友。Thereisalittlesugarinthebottle.在瓶子里有一些糖。⑵few少數(shù)的修飾可數(shù)名詞little少數(shù)的修飾不可數(shù)名詞但兩者表否定意義如：Hehasfewfriends.他沒有幾個(gè)朋友。Thereislittlesugarinthebottle.在瓶子里沒有多少糖。hundred,thousand,million,billion（十億）詞前面有數(shù)詞或several一詞時(shí)要不能加s,反之，則要加S并與of連用，表示數(shù)量很多如：severalhundred/thousand/million/billionpeople幾百/千/百萬(wàn)/十億人hundredsoftrees上百棵樹whatif+從句如果…怎么辦，要是…又怎么樣如：Whatifshedoesnztcome?要是她不來(lái)怎么辦？WhatifLiLeiknows?如果李雷知道了怎么辦？addsth.tosth.添加…到…如：Iaddedsomesugartowater.我把糖添加到水里。系動(dòng)詞與形容詞連用 getnervous變得緊張feelshy覺得害羞 lookfriendly看起來(lái)友好too+形/副+todosth.太…而不能如：I'mtootiredtostand.我太累了而不能站。helpwithsth.如：Theyhelpwiththisproblem.helpsb.do,如：Theyhelpyourelax.他們幫助你放松inpublic在公共場(chǎng)所如:Don'tsmokeinpublic.請(qǐng)不要在公共場(chǎng)所吸煙。energeticadj.活力的如：Sheisaenergeticgirl,她是一個(gè)活力的女孩。energyn.活力如：Shehaslotsofenergies,她有活力。asksb.todo叫...做某事asksb.nottodosth.叫...不要做某事tellsb.todo告訴…做某事tellsb.nottodosth.告訴…不要做某事如：Teacheraskedmetocleantheclassroom.Teacheraskedmenottocleantheclassroom.startdoing==starttodo.開始做某事如：Hestartedspeaking/tospeak.他開始說(shuō)話。borrowsth.fromsb.從某人那里借來(lái)某物如：IborrowedabookfromLily.我從莉莉那里借來(lái)一本書。waitforsb.等某人如:Iamwaitforhim,我正在等他。introducesb.tosb.把某人介紹給某人如：IintroducedLilytoAnna.我把莉莉介紹給安娜。invitesb.todo邀請(qǐng)某人做某事如：Lilyinvitedmetogotoherhomeforsupper.莉莉邀請(qǐng)我去她家吃晚飯。havedinner/supper吃晚飯havelunch/breakfast吃午餐、吃早餐plentyof修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞許多如:Theyhaveplentyoffood/apples,他們有許多的食物/蘋果。給某人某物givesth.tosb.如：giveanappletomegivesb.sth.givemeanapple給我一個(gè)蘋果getalong(with)=geton(with)①進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展Thebusinessisgettingalongverywell.生意進(jìn)展的很順利。HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglishstudy?你的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)展的怎么樣了？②相處Doyougetalongwithyourboss?=Doyouandyourbossgetalong?你跟老板合得來(lái)嗎？I'mgettingalongverywellwithmyclassmates.我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。wouldrather...than...(=would...ratherthan)寧愿，而不愿。前后連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形，否定形式為：wouldrathernotdosth①wouldrather...than...=prefer...to...但prefer...to...若連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為v-ing形式。Hewouldratherjogthanplayfootball.=Heprefersjoggingtoplayingfootball.②wouldrather常單獨(dú)使用，表示''寧愿做...”HewouldratherwatchTVathome.③ratherthan=insteadof而不是（連接兩個(gè)并列成分，前后對(duì)稱）。I'dprefertogotoinsummerratherthaninwinter.Idecidedtowriteratherthantelephone.Ilikegoingoutwithyouratherthanwithhim.Sheenjoyslisteningratherthanspeaking.infact事實(shí)上letsb.down讓某人失望如：Don'tletyourmotherdown.不要讓你的媽媽失望。comeupwithsth.提出想出如：Hecameupwithagoodidea,他提出了一個(gè)好主意。catchupwithsb.追上趕上如:LilycaughtupwithAnna.莉莉趕上了安娜。haveexperiencedoing在做某事有經(jīng)驗(yàn)如：IhaveexperienceteachingChinese.我在教英語(yǔ)方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)。comeout出版，出來(lái)如：Themagazinecomesoutonceaweek.這種雜志每周出——次。byaccident偶然地，無(wú)意之中如:LastweekIcutmyfingerbyaccident.上個(gè)星期我不小心割到自己的手指。hurrytodo匆忙…Ihurrytocallthepolice.morethan=over超過offer提供offersbsth給xx offertosbsth主動(dòng)提出干......?givesbsth=givesthtosb類似的詞還有:pass、lend、show、write>send等②buysbsth=buysthforsb類似的詞還有:make、draw、cook等lookfor尋找find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)findout指經(jīng)過觀察、探索、調(diào)查等弄清楚、弄明白。discover指發(fā)現(xiàn)那些客觀存在而不為人所知的實(shí)情。如科學(xué)上的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)。.bring帶來(lái)take帶走fetch去并拿來(lái).talkto/withsb同xx說(shuō)話。tell告訴，分辨，辨別。speaktosb同xx說(shuō)話，做及物動(dòng)詞，后跟語(yǔ)言。say后跟名詞、代詞及賓語(yǔ)從句做賓語(yǔ)，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容。.Whatif……如果......將會(huì)怎么樣？（引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句、疑問句）Whatifshedoesn'tcome?她要是不來(lái)怎么辦？Whatifyourparentdon'tagree?如果你的父母不同意怎么辦？Whatifyoushouldfallsick?如果你生病了怎么辦？.Whatdoes/doxxlooklike?問相貌。What'sxxlike?問''品質(zhì)性格.giveaspeech做演講haveaspeech聽演講giveareport做報(bào)haveareport聽報(bào)告.permission(n.)允許，許可permit(v.)允許withoutpermission未經(jīng)許可.plentyof充足的，相當(dāng)多的。修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，只能用于肯定句。否定、疑問句中用enough..not intheslightest=notatall根本不.alittle=abit修飾形容詞、副詞alittle=abitof修飾不可數(shù)名詞.therest其余的，可指代可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。Theother(s)只能指代可數(shù)名詞賓語(yǔ)從句：賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)。由連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成常由下面的一些詞引導(dǎo)：㈠由that引導(dǎo)表示陳述意義that可省略Hesays(that)heisathome.他說(shuō)他在家里。㈡由if,whether引導(dǎo)表示一般疑問意義(帶有是否、已否、對(duì)否等)Idon'tknowif/whetherWeiHualikesfish.我不知道韋華是否喜歡魚。㈢由連接代詞、連接副詞(疑問詞)引導(dǎo)表示特殊疑問意義Doyouknowwhathewantstobuy?你知道他想要買什么嗎？㈣從句時(shí)態(tài)要與主句一致當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)情況使用任何時(shí)態(tài)Hesays(that)heisathome.他說(shuō)他在家里。Idon'tknow(that)sheissingingnow.我不知道她正在唱歌。ShewantstoknowifIhavefinishedmyhomework.她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。Doyouknowwhenhewillbeback?你知道他將會(huì)什么時(shí)候回來(lái)？當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)使用過去某時(shí)態(tài)(一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來(lái)時(shí)，過去完成時(shí))Hesaid(that)hewasathome.他說(shuō)他在家里。Ididn'tknowthatshewassingingnow.我不知道她正在唱歌。ShewantedtoknowifIhadfinishedmhomework.她想要知道我是否已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。Didyouknowwhenhewouldbeback?你知道他將會(huì)什么時(shí)候回來(lái)？二、短語(yǔ)1、giveittocharity把它捐給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)2、medicalresearch醫(yī)學(xué)研究3、Whatif……如果…怎么樣？4、getnervous緊張5、takeabigexam參加大考6、helpwith有助于7、inpublic在公共場(chǎng)合8、hardlyever幾乎不9、thewholeschool全校10、withoutpermission為經(jīng)許可11、be(make)friendswith與…交朋友12、askone'spermission請(qǐng)求xx的允許13、introduce...to...把...介紹給...14>invite...todo...邀請(qǐng)…干…15、socialsituations社會(huì)環(huán)境16、heslightest根本不，一點(diǎn)也不17、rightaway立刻，馬上18、allday全天19、befriendlyto對(duì)…友好20、atlunchtime在午飯時(shí)間21、abitshy有點(diǎn)害羞22、Englishspeechcontest英語(yǔ)演講比賽23、representtheclass代表班級(jí)24、cometop名列第一(前茅)25