Unit 4 Natural Disasters 單元測試題-高中英語人教版必修第一冊

必修一unit4單元測試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATakeacloserlookatthewondersofKewGardensbyjoiningaguidedwalkingtour.Ledbyourknowledgeablevolunteerguides,itisafunandinformativewaytoexplorethegrounds.

Freedailywalkingtours

Toursleaveat11amand1:30pmfromtheinformationdeskatVictoriaGatePlaza.Eachguidepresentstheirowntourandtakesinthehighlights(最精彩的部分）oftheseason.

Themedtours

Toursleaveat12fromtheinformationdeskatVictoriaGatePlaza.OurguidesofferattractiveseasonalthemesincludingAutumnColourandWinterEvergreens.

Expert-guidedtours

EveryTuesdaythroughouttheyearat11：30amand2：30pmwe’llbeholdinganexpert-guidedtour.Thetourwillfeature(以...為特色)adifferentplanteachmonthandyou’llgobehindthescenesandtalktoKewstaffabouttheirwork.You’llfindoutinterestingfactsaboutthefeaturedplantorfungus(真菌），includingwhyit’sgrownatKewandhowit’susedandcaredfor.

Price

Thecostis￡60perguide(thisdoesnotincludeyourentrytotheGardens).Eachguidecantakeupto15people.Groupsofmorethan15mustbookmorethanoneguide.Smallergroupsarealsoacceptedbutthecostremains￡60.Tourstakeaboutonehourandmaybebookedfrom10ameveryday.Pleasenotethatnorefunds（退款）canbegivenonceticketsarebooked.

1.Whattimecanyouchooseifyougotofreedaily'walkingtours?

A.9am. B.10am. C.11am. D.2：30pm.

2.Whatcanwelearnaboutexpert-guidedtours?

A.Peoplecangetintouchwithexpertsaheadoftime.

B.PeoplehavenochoicebuttogoonTuesday.

C.Peoplecanbewarmlyreceivedbythestaff.

D.Peoplecanhaveatasteoffungi,

3.Howmuchistheguidecostfor5people?

A.￡60. B.￡120. C.￡150. D.￡300.

BIn1994,aviolentearthquakestruckLosAngeles.Despitetheloss,earthquakescientistshadsomegoodnewstoreport:Thedamageanddeathtoll(死亡人數(shù))couldhavebeenmuchworse.Inthisearthquake,over60peoplewerekilled.Bycontrast,anearthquakeofsimilarintensitythatshookAmericain1988claimed25,000victims.TherewererelativelylessinjuriesanddeathsinLosAngelesbecausealthoughittookplaceinthedowntown,thequakeoccurredat4:31a.m.onaholiday,whentrafficwaslightonthecity’shighways.Moreover,changesmadetotheconstructioncodes(規(guī)范)inLosAngelesduringthelast20yearshavestrengthenedthecity’sbuildingsandhighways,makingthemmoreresistanttoquakes.Insteadofbraggingaboutthegoodnews,civilengineersaremakingfurthereffort.Pinnedtotheirdrawingboardsareblueprints(藍(lán)圖)forimprovedquake-resistant(抵御地震)buildings.Thenewdesignsshouldofferevengreatersecuritytocitieswhereearthquakesoftentakeplace.Inthepast,makingstructuresquake-resistantmeantfirmyetflexiblematerials,suchassteelandwood,thatbendwithoutbreaking.Later,peopletriedtoliftabuildingoffitsfoundation,andinsert(插入)rubberandsteelbetweenthebuildinganditsfoundationtoreducetheimpactofgroundvibrations(震動(dòng)).Themostrecentdesignsgivebuildingsbrainsaswellasconcreteandsteelsupports.Calledsmartbuildings,thestructuresrespondlikelivingorganismstoanearthquake’svibrations.Whenthegroundshakesandthebuildingtipsforward,thecomputerwouldforcethebuildingtoshiftintheoppositedirection.Tothenewsmartstructures,alotofpeoplehavevoicedtheirview,andTom,adirectorfromabuildingcompanyisoneofthem.Hepostedhisviewonhisblog,“Theycouldbeveryexpensivetobuild.However,theywouldsavemanylivesandwouldbelesslikelytobedamagedduringearthquakes.”What’sthereasonwhythelossoflivesinLosAngelesearthquakeswasrelativelylow?A.Newcomputershadbeeninstalledinthebuildings.B.Ithappenedintheremotecountryareas.C.TheearthquakeinLosAngeleswasnotasstrongastheonethatshookAmericain1988.D.Improvementshadbeenmadeintheconstructionsofbuildingsandhighways.5.What’sthemeaningoftheboldwords“braggingabout”inparagraph4?A.layingaside B.showingoff C.puttingforward D.linkingto6.What’sTom’sopinionaboutthesmartbuildingsdiscussedinthepassage?A.Itwouldcauseseriousfinancialproblems.B.Itwouldpreventsomeslightearthquakesforgood.C.Itwouldbeworthwhilethoughcostly.D.Itwouldturnintolivingorganism.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.toencouragecivilengineerstomakewideruseofcomputersB.tocomparetheconsequencesoftheearthquakesthathappenedintheU.S.C.tointroducethehistoryofquake-resistantbuildingmaterialsD.toreportthedevelopmentsinconstructingquake-resistantbuildingsCFormerUKPrimeMinisterWinstonChurchill(1874-1965)oncesaid,“Wemakealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegive.”Thesearecertainlywordsthatmillionsofvolunteers(志愿者)aroundtheworldcouldagreewith.IntheUS,AprilisNationalVolunteerMonth,whichrecognizesandthanksvolunteerswholendtheirtime,talent,andsupporttocauses(事業(yè))theycareabout.Volunteeringmeanschoosingtoworkwithoutbeingpaidforit.Peoplewhovolunteerspendtheirtimedoingthingstheyfeelstronglyabout.Forexample,animalloversmayvolunteeratananimalsheltertohelpimprovethetreatmentandwell-beingofanimals.Forstudents,valuablelessonsmayalsobelearnedbyvolunteering.TakeAndrewMakhoul,asophomore(大二學(xué)生)attheUniversityofPennsylvania,asanexample.Makhouldidn’tspendthe2012springbreakpartying.Unlikehisclassmates,whoplannedonrelaxingafteratermofhardwork,the19-year-olddecidedtodosomethingforpeoplelessfortunatethanhimself.Hetraveledtoanorphanage(孤兒院)inGuatemalainCentralAmerica.Theorphanageisinoneofthepoorestandmostviolentpartsofthecountry,anddependsonvolunteerstostayopen.Makhouldoesn’tspeakmuchSpanish,buthefoundcommunicationwasn’taproblem:“Youcommunicatedwithlove,”accordingtoanarticleonhisuniversity’swebsite,“Youcouldseelovewhenyoulookedintheireyes.”Makhoul’sfirsttimeasavolunteeronlylastedaweek,butbytheendofthatweek,heknewhe’dbebacksoon–becausehesawloveandhope.USauthorSherryAndersononcewrote,“Volunteersdon’tgetpaid,notbecausethey’reworthless,butbecausethey’repriceless.”Andthisisperhapswhyvolunteersallaroundtheworldkeepdoingwhattheydo.WhyisWinstonChurchillmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadinthetopic. B.Tosumupthemainidea.C.Toteachreadersalesson. D.Toinvolvereadersinastory.9.Accordingtothepassage,whyistheNationalVolunteerMonthheldintheUS?A.Tocollectmoneyforthevolunteers.B.Tooffercareaboutthecausesofvolunteers.C.Toencouragemoretobecomevolunteers.D.Toappreciatetheworkofvolunteers.10.HowdidMakhoulspendthe2012springbreak?A.Hethrewaparty. B.Herelaxedhimself.C.Hewenttoananimalshelter. D.Hevisitedanorphanage.11.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheworkofvolunteers?A.Worthless. B.Priceless. C.Highly-paid. D.Badly-needed.DWhichisbetterforEarth:anelectricorgas-poweredvehicle?Theanswertothisquestionmightseemblindinglyobvious.Ofcourseelectriccarsmustbebetterfortheenvironment,becausetheydon’tgiveoffgreenhousegasesaspeopledrive.However,electricvehicles(EVs)aren’tperfect,andtheycomewiththeirownsetofpollutingproblems.Theirbatteriesrequirealargeamountofenergytoproduce.Batteryproductionisjustonepartofanelectriccar’slifespan.AstudylookedattheentirelifecycleofanEV’semissions(排放),fromminingthemetalsforthebatteriestoproducingtheelectricityneededtopowerthem,andthencomparedthiswiththeaverageemissionsofagas-poweredvehicle.TheteamfoundthatwhenEVsarechargedwithcoal-poweredelectricity,they’reactuallyworsefortheenvironmentthangas-poweredcars.“OnlywhenconnectedtothecleanenergydoEVshaveanadvantageoverthegas-poweredcarsonagreenhousegasbasis,”saidColinSheppard,anexpertinenergyandtransportationsystems.That’swhymoreandmorecountriesaredecreasingthepowersupplyfromcoal.InChina,thenationalgridisimprovingwithmoreeffortsinrenewableenergy.Forexample,ithastwiceasmuchwindenergycapacityastheU.S.anditbuildsmoresolarpanelsperyearthananyothercountries.Sheppardhasmodelledafutureinwhichallcarsareelectric.“Wewanttounderstandwhatitmightbelikeifallpassengervehicleswereelectrified.”ThemodelsuggeststhatifallvehiclesintheU.S.wereelectric,greenhouse-gasemissionswouldbe46%lesseveryyear.Thisreductioncouldbeincreasedevenfurtherifthosevehicleswereusingatechniqueknownas“smartcharging”inwhichcarsarerechargedatchosentimes(oftenatnight)toreducethecostofelectricity.Inshort,it’sfareasiertoargueforbuyinganEVthanagas-poweredvehicle.Butwhataboutthecost?Aren’telectricvehiclestooexpensiveformostpeople?InwhichcasedoEVsgetmoreheavy-pollutedthangas-poweredcars?A.Beingpoweredonlybybatteries.B.Usingcoal-poweredelectricity.C.Startingtogiveoffgreenhousegases.D.Replacinggas-poweredvehiclesentirely.13.HowdoesSheppard’smodelshowthereductionofgreenhouse-gasemissions?A.Withadiscussion. B.Withanexamination.C.Withacomparison. D.Withaquestionnaire.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Chinaismakingadvancesinrenewableenergy.B.Comparedwithgas-poweredcars,EVsareatanadvantage.C.ThereisstillroomforthedevelopmentofEVs.D.It’snotachallengetochoosebetweenEVsandgas-poweredcars.15.Whatmighttheparagraphfollowingthepassagebeabout?A.Inventinggreengas-poweredvehicles.B.Developingenvironment-friendlygrids.C.Gettingridoffossilenergylikecoalandoil.D.Makingelectricvehiclesmoreaffordable.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用Fromthedawnofcivilization,paperrecordshavebeenamethodofkeepingtrackofimportantandnecessarydocumentation.Acommonexperiencethroughouttheworld'srecordkeepinghasbeenthenecessitytoensurethatalldocumentsarekepttogether,andnonearelost.___16___Theseincludedtyingribbonsthroughthepaper,andmeltingwaxtosecurethepapersinplace.Fornearly600years,thesewerethemethodsusedtosecurepapers.___17___In1835,amachinethatcouldmass-producestraightpinswasinventedbyHoweJ.I,anAmericaninventor.Althoughstraightpins(大頭針)wereoriginallydesignedforsewingandtailoring,peoplebeganusingthemasaquickandeasywaytosecurepapers.___18___In1899hepatentedthedevice,whichconsistedofawirebentintoaparticularlyshapedhoopforthepurposeofsecuringpapers.Duringthistime,however,thepaperclip(回形針)wasnotawidelydistributeddevice.Therefore,theGemManufacturingCompanyofEnglanddevelopedamachinetomanufactureandstandardizethepaperclipdesign.___19___Todaythepaperclipisafamousinventionusedthroughoutoffices,schoolrooms,andbusinessthroughouttheworld.___20___A.Thenextpaperinventionwasthatofthestraightpin.B.Beforethepaperclip,peoplehadtobecreativetokeeppapertogether.C.Thehumbleitemonlycameintopopularusagearoundthemid-19thcentury.D.Later,inspiredbythestraightpin,NorwegianVaalerJ.cameupwiththeideaofthefirstpaperclip.E.Thismanufacturingdevelopmentallowedfortheexpansionofthemodernpaperclipworldwide.F.Beingawonderofsimplicityandfunction,thepaperclipremainsastandardofficesupplythroughouttheworldG.Therefore,fromtheearly13thcenturypeoplehadcreatedvariousmethodstoensuredocumentswerekepttogether.第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Technologynowallowsustostreamanddownloadourfavoritesongsthroughwebsitesandapps.Thismeansit'seasyto

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andplaythemusicwelike,sowecouldenjoyitwheneverandwhereverwelike.So,it'ssurprisingtoknowthatthe

22

ofsomeoldtechis

23

.

Anumberof

24

havebeenreleasingtheiralbumsonvinyl(黑膠唱片)andcassettetape.Whilethelattertechnologylacksthegooddigitalaudioqualitythatwe

25

toheartoday,initsheyday,itwasapopularwayforteenagerstoenjoyrecordedmusic.TheintroductionoftheWalkman,aportablecassette

26

,in1979meantpeoplecouldlistentomusiconthe

27

forthefirsttime.Bytheendof1989,83million

28

wereboughtbyBritishmusicfans,buttheinventionofthecompactdiskinthe1990s

29

that.

Inthefirstsixmonthsof2020,nearly65,000musiccassettesweresoldintheU.K.accordingtotheOfficialChartsCompany—doublethesalesfromthe

30

periodthepreviousyear.Althoughthisisonlyasmallfractionofoverallmusicsales,cassettetapesare

31

itemsthatcanbekeptandcollected—notstoredinthe

32

.Andtheresurgenceofthecassettehasbeenhelpedbyfamoussingerswhohaveusedthisformattoreleasetheirmusic.

Tolistentomusiconacassette,youneedatapeplayerorapersonalstereotoplayiton,butthishasn't

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thenewyoungeraudience—itsrecentpopularityseemstobemoreaboutbuyingmemorabilia(紀(jì)念品).Althoughcassetteswon't

34

streamingmediaasawayoflisteningtomusic,itdoesgotoshowhowsometech

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dies!21.A.keep

B.make

C.access

D.release

22.A.appearance

B.existence

C.invention

D.popularity

23.A.decreasing

B.increasing

C.remaining

D.disappearing

24.A.dancers

B.musicians

C.fans

D.teenagers

25.A.expect

B.fail

C.refuse

D.agree

26.A.player

B.worker

C.ruler

D.receiver

27.A.march

B.watch

C.move

D.go

28.A.songs

B.disks

C.applications

D.tapes

29.A.stopped

B.changed

C.witnessed

D.knew

30.A.same

B.next

C.equal

D.past

31.A.worthwhile

B.valuable

C.spiritual

D.physical

32.A.television

B.cloud

C.box

D.file

33.A.attracted

B.threatened

C.prevented

D.described

34.A.kick

B.replace

C.become

D.praise

35.A.never

B.ever

C.even

D.always第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)missionreturnedtoEarthsafelyonApril16th,2022,___36___(conclude)thenationslongestmannedspaceflight.ndconductedaseriesofscientificexperimentsusingalargeroboticarmandother___37___(equip)toinstallandadjustdevices.Meanwhile,itwasthefirsttimethatafemaleChineseastronaut___38___(perform)aspacewalk.Besides,theastronauts,withthe___39___(assist)ofthestaffontheground,deliveredasciencelecture400kilometersaboveEarthtomillionsofstudents.Theyshowedviewers___40___theylivedandworkedinsidethespacestation.Theuniformcalleda“penguinjumpsuit”,___41___(special)designedtohelpthestonutsmintinthirmuslestngth,wsintodud.Thestonutslsodmonstatedduring___42___hecomparedthegrowthofcellsinartificialgravityandzero-gravit.TheShenzhouⅩⅢsspace-basedlessons,___43___(intend)topopularizespacescienceandsparkenthusiasminscienceamongoungsters,marksthestartoftheiangongClassseries.___44___itsspacestationconstructionadvancing,Chinawillshareitsbreakthroughsandstrengthencooperationwithothercountriestopushspaceexploration____45__(far)forward.第四部分:寫作應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)假定你是李華,你正主持英語角活動(dòng)?；顒?dòng)中大家以“外賣食品是否應(yīng)該進(jìn)校園”展開討論。關(guān)于該問題有人贊同,有人反對,請你總結(jié)大家贊同和反對的原因,并提出自己的觀點(diǎn)。注意:1.詞數(shù)80左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。參考詞匯:takeoutfood外賣食品____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Myteenageson,Jordan,alwayscomplainedabouthavingtobehomeearlierthanallhisfriends.Hewouldtellmethathewasalreadyseventeen,butstillhadacurfew(宵禁).Hebelievedhewaspracticallyanadult.Ipointedoutthathewasnotanadultashewasstillinhighschool.“Youdon’ttrustme!”heyelled.BeforeIcontinued,herolledhiseyes,slammedthedoorandwalkedaway.Isighed.HowcouldImakeJordanseethatIonlywantedtokeephimsafe?Idecidedtogoforawalk,hopingtheDecemberairwouldclearmyhead.Iopenedthefrontdoorandnearlysteppedonher:asmallblackcat,justlikeameatball.“Hi,Meatball,”Isaid,bringingherintomyarms.Iwalkedbackin,touchingherneckgently.Meatballseemedhappyenoughtocomeinthehouse,butafteranhourortwo,shesatbythedoor,meowingtogobackoutside.“Whywon’tshejuststayinwithusallthetime?”Nathan,myyoungestsonasked.Iexplainedtohimthatshewashappyherebutshelikedbeingabletocomeandgoasshepleased.“Thatmustbenice,”Jordanmutteredfromtheotherroom,complainingwhythecat,nothim,couldcomeandgo.HeevenaskedmetogiveMeatballacurfew.Meatballbecamearegular.Onenight,temperatureswereunusuallylow.Meatballstoodatthedoor,meowingtogooutside.Ishookmyheadather,afraidthatshemightfreezetodeath.Shestaredatmeandmeowedagain.Ipattedherhead,“Iknowyou’renothappy,butit’sforyourowngood.”“Mom’snotbeingmeantoyou,”Nathantoldthecat.“She’sjusttryingtokeepyoufromturningintoafrozenmeatball.”Webothlaughedathisjoke.Thenextmorning,Icouldn’tfindMeatball.Iaskedthekidsifanyonehadseenher.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Jordannodded,“Iletheroutlastnight.”_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________AsIdrovetotheanimalhospital,Jordansatintheback,holdingMeatballinsidehiscoat.________________