考研考博-英語(yǔ)-華中師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-華中師范大學(xué)考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

TodayisamajormilestoneforMicrosoft.ThekeypartnershipswebuildwithsoftwaredevelopersaroundtheworldarecentralnotonlytothesuccessofWindowsbutalsotorealizethepossibilitythatPCtechnologyprovides.It’sthroughapplicationsofeveryvarietythatbusinesseswillbeusingthepersonalcomputerasthetooloftheInformationAge.

MicrosofthasavisionforwherethePCisgoing.AndthatvisionsaysthatPCswillbecomeacentralelementofhowcompaniesshareinformationinsidethecompany.Thenameofthatvisionistheso-calledDigitalNervousSystem(DNS),allowingcompaniestoreducepaperworkandmakebetterdecisions.TheDigitalNervousSystemmeansthatnotonlydoyouhavethePCsandtheyareconnectedtogether,andnotonlydoyouhavestandardelementslikeelectronicmailbutalsoyoureallythoughtcarefullyaboutwhatinformationisimportant,andsoalloftheprocesses—ordertaking,salesplanning,personnelmanagement,projectmanagement—allofthosehavebeensetuptotakefulladvantageofthecapabilitiesofthecomputer.

AnothermajorvisionthatMicrosofthasisthatwritingprograms,writingtheapplicationsforthesemachinesneedstogetveryeasy,sowecanwriteprogramsthatcanrunacrosstheentireInternetwhichismillionsofmachines.Andthisisanewapproachtoprogrammingthatdrawsonwhatwasdonepreviously.DNSsaysthatdevelopersshouldbeabletofocusontheirparticulartaskandnothavetolearnalotaboutmanagementofthemachineresources.

Greatchipsandsystemsdevelopedbyourpartnerswhoareherewithussponsoringthisevent,makethisallpossible.Andthere’sanincredibleopportunityfordevelopers.Theapplicationsthatarewrittentodaywillselltoanevenlargerbaseofmachinesoutinthemarket.Thereisalotthatwe’redoingtoincreasetheworkwithgooddevelopers—makesuretheyunderstandwherethePCisgoingandhowtoolscanhelpthemnow,moreandmoremarketingtypeofactivitiesmakingsuretheygetoutinwiththecustomers.

Andthisissomethingthatwearejustgoingtoincreaseyearafteryear.AndsotheoverallDNS(DigitalNervousSystem)messageisoneabouthelpingdevelopersseizethatopportunity,bringingtogetherthedifferentarchitectures,makingthingsautomaticandallowingthistobedoneinagreatevolutionaryfashion.AndsoIthinkit’safantastictimetobeadeveloperandweappreciateyourbeinghereandlookforwardtotheopportunitytoworkwithyoumore.

【答案】我們與全球軟件開(kāi)發(fā)人員建立的重要伙伴關(guān)系不僅是促成視窗系統(tǒng)成功的關(guān)鍵,而且使個(gè)人電腦技術(shù)提供的可能性成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。應(yīng)用技術(shù)貫穿各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,一些公司會(huì)把個(gè)人電腦用作信息時(shí)代的工具。

微軟公司的另一個(gè)重要設(shè)想是:為電腦編寫(xiě)應(yīng)用程序的過(guò)程必須簡(jiǎn)單化。因此,我們應(yīng)該讓這些程序在由無(wú)數(shù)臺(tái)電腦組成的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中運(yùn)行,這是利用以往的成就編程的一種新方法。

這就是我們年復(fù)一年要增加的東西。整個(gè)數(shù)字神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)信息的目的就是要幫助開(kāi)發(fā)人員抓住機(jī)遇,通過(guò)結(jié)合不同的體系結(jié)構(gòu),實(shí)現(xiàn)任務(wù)自動(dòng)化并允許以一種漸進(jìn)的方式完成這一工作。

2.單選題

Thereisanincorrectassumptionamongscientistsandmedicalpeoplethateveryoneagrees（）whatconstitutesabenefittoanindividual.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.with

C.to

D.in

【答案】A

【解析】介詞搭配題。agreeonsth.

在某一點(diǎn)上取得一致意見(jiàn),

同意某事；agreewithsb.同意...，和...意見(jiàn)一致；agreetodosth.同意,

接受，允諾；agreein+動(dòng)名詞，在...方面意見(jiàn)一致。句意：科學(xué)家和醫(yī)學(xué)界有一種錯(cuò)誤的假設(shè)，即人們對(duì)福利問(wèn)題都持一致的觀點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.單選題

Shewaved,buthedidn’tseeher,beingtoo______instuffingtheflowersintoalargecarrierbag.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.drifted

B.concentrated

C.engrossed

D.undaunted

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.drifted漂流；緩慢行走v.B.concentrated決心要做的；集中的

C.engrossed全神貫注的D.undaunted頑強(qiáng)的；百折不撓的

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“她揮了揮手，但他______把花塞進(jìn)一個(gè)大手提袋里，沒(méi)看見(jiàn)她”可知，他正在全神貫注地做另外一件事情，engrossin是固定搭配，表示“全神貫注于”，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、D項(xiàng)不符合句意；

B項(xiàng)concentrated要和on搭配使用，故排除。

【句意】她揮了揮手，但他正忙著把花塞進(jìn)一個(gè)大手提袋里，沒(méi)看見(jiàn)她。

4.單選題

I’mtooignorantaboutsuchmatters;Iamnotqualifiedtocomment,butitseemstomesomebodywhohasstudiedataprestigiousuniversityabroadcouldn’tbeasbadasyousay.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.profound

B.civilized

C.well-known

D.conventional

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)profound“深厚的；意義深遠(yuǎn)的；淵博的”；B選項(xiàng)civilized“文明的；有禮貌的”；C選項(xiàng)well-known“著名的；眾所周知的”；D選項(xiàng)conventional“傳統(tǒng)的；慣例的”。句意：我對(duì)這類(lèi)事情太無(wú)知了，所以我沒(méi)有資格評(píng)論，但在我看來(lái)，一個(gè)在國(guó)外……大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)的人不可能像你說(shuō)的那么差。由后面的名詞university“大學(xué)”，可排除A，B選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)樗鼈兂Ｓ脕?lái)形容人，而非事物。由后面的信息couldn’tbeasbadasyousay“不能如你說(shuō)的那樣糟糕”，由此可知在他眼里那個(gè)人至少應(yīng)該是優(yōu)秀的，大多情況下優(yōu)秀的人會(huì)考上聲望很高的大學(xué)。因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Wearetoldthemassmediaarethegreatestorgansforenlightenmentthattheworldhasyetseen;thatinBritain,forinstance,severalmillionpeopleseeeachissueofthecurrentaffairsprogrammeasPanoroma.Itistruethatneverinhumanhistoryweresomanypeoplesooftenandsomuchexposedtoomuchintimationaboutsocieties,formsoflife,andattitudesotherthanthosewhichtheyobtainintheirlocalsocieties.Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities,widthofjudgment,andasenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes.Yetinitselfsuchexposuredoesnotbringintellectualorimaginativedevelopment.Itisnomorethanthemassesofstonewhichliearoundinquarry(采石場(chǎng))andwhichmay,conceivably,gotothemakingofacathedral.Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdonotalwayspromptotherstobuild.Forthestonesarepresentedwithinaself-containedandself-sufficientworldinwhich,itisimplied,simplytolookatthem,toobservefleetinglyindividuallyinterestingpointsofdifferencebetweenthemissufficientinitself.

Lifeisindeedfullofproblemsonwhichwehaveto—orfeelweshouldtryto—makedecisions,ascitizensorasprivateindividuals.Butneithertherealdifficultyofthesedecisions,northeirtrueanddisturbingchallengetoeachindividual,canoftenbecommunicatedthroughthemassmedia.Thedisinclinationtosuggestrealchoice,individualdecision,whichistobefoundinthemassmediaisnotsimplytheproductofacommercialdesiretokeepthecustomershappy.Itiswithinthegrainofmasscommunications.Theorgansoftheestablishment,howeverwell-intentionedtheymaybeandwhatevertheirform(theState,theChurch,voluntarysocieties,politicalparties),haveavestedinterestinensuringthatthepublicboatisnotviolentlyrocked,andwillsoaffectthosewhoworkwithinthemassmediathattheywillbeledinsensiblytowardsformsofproductionwhich,thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandinquiry,donotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchinquiriesmightreallyhurt.Theywilltendtomove,whenexposingproblems,wellwithintheacceptedclicheassumptionsofdemocraticsocietyandwilltendneitherradicallytoquestionclichesnortomakeadisturbingapplicationofthemtofeaturesofcontemporarylife.Theywillstressthe“stimulation”theprogramsgive,butthissoonbecomesanagitationofproblemsforthesakeoftheinterestofthatagitationitself;theywilltherefore,again,assistaformofacceptanceofthestatusquo(現(xiàn)狀).Therewereexceptionstothistendency,buttheyareuncharacteristic.

1.Accordingtothepassage,themassmediapresentuswith（

）.

2.Whateffectisitclaimedthemassmediacanhaveonourintellectualandimaginativedevelopment?

3.Theauthorusesthecomparisonwithbuildingacathedralthat（

）.

4.Howarethemassmediasaidtoinfluenceourabilitytomakedecisions?

5.Themainweaknessofthemassmediaisidentifiedbytheauthoras（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insufficientdiversityofinformation

B.toorestrictedaviewoflife

C.awiderangeoffactsandopinions

D.acriticalassessmentofoursociety

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theyarelikelytofrustratethisdevelopment.

B.Theycanformabasisforit.

C.Theycandistortourjudgment.

D.Theycanstimulatetoomuchmentalactivity.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.worthwhileresultsdonotdependonrawmaterialonly

B.themediaevalmediahaddifferentbeliefs

C.greatworksofartrequiregoodfoundations

D.closeattentiontodetailisimportant

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theydisturbusbytheirprejudices.

B.Theymakeusdoubtourownjudgments.

C.Theymakenocontributioninthisarea.

D.Theymakedecisionswhichappeartoocomplicated.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.fearoflosingthecustomer

B.thediverseviewsofthecontributors

C.servicetotheprofitmotive

D.tryingtocaterforavestrangeofaudience

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段指出:人類(lèi)歷史上從來(lái)沒(méi)有過(guò)如此多的人頻繁地批露，諸如：社會(huì)、生活方式以及思想觀念的陰暗面，而這些與人們從所處社會(huì)接收的那些信息是不同的。因此排除A、B項(xiàng)。第二段指出:Thoughtheygothroughthemotionsofdisputeandenquiry,donotbreakthroughtheskintowheresuchenquiresmightreallyhurt(盡管他們辯論、質(zhì)疑，但仍然觸及不到關(guān)鍵之處),由此推斷D項(xiàng)(對(duì)社會(huì)的一個(gè)批判性評(píng)估)是大眾傳媒所不具備的。故選C項(xiàng)(廣泛的事實(shí)和意見(jiàn))。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞intellectualandimaginativedevelopment定位至第一段:Thiskindofexposuremaywellbeapointofdepartureforacquiringcertainimportantintellectualandimaginativequalities,widthofjudgment,andasenseofthevarietyofpossibleattitudes。據(jù)此可知B項(xiàng)正確。

3.推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Themassmediacannotbuildthecathedral,andtheirwayofshowingthestonesdonotalwayspromptotherstobuild,作者用建大教堂這個(gè)比喻說(shuō)明有價(jià)值的結(jié)果不僅僅依靠原材料。故選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位至第二段。第二句說(shuō):大眾媒介經(jīng)常不能把做這些決定的困難進(jìn)行報(bào)道，它不起作用，更不會(huì)使決定變得更為復(fù)雜。故選C。

5.細(xì)節(jié)題。作者認(rèn)為大眾傳播媒介的主要弱點(diǎn)是為了獲得利益,故C項(xiàng)(因?yàn)楂@利動(dòng)機(jī))正確。

6.單選題

NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom（

）onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.configuration

B.constitution

C.condemnation

D.contamination

【答案】D

【解析】考察名詞詞義辨析。Configuration“布置，結(jié)構(gòu)”；constitution“建立，組成，憲法”;condemnation“譴責(zé)”;contamination“污染，玷污;污染物”。句意：最近在《科學(xué)》雜志上發(fā)表的一篇文章認(rèn)為，巖層大部分有有機(jī)化學(xué)物質(zhì)來(lái)自于地球上的污染而不是火星上的細(xì)菌。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

7.單選題

ThenewdesignsoftheChristmasstampsarealwayswaitedforwithkeen

.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.irritation

B.prediction

C.reception

D.anticipation

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。irritation“刺激，激怒”；prediction“預(yù)報(bào)，預(yù)言”；reception“接待，接收”；anticipation“預(yù)料，預(yù)期”。句意：人們總是熱切地期待著新設(shè)計(jì)的圣誕郵票。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

8.單選題

Shewasanexperiencedtravelerwhohad______bothAfricaandEuropeinhertwenties.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.traversed

B.transferred

C.trampled

D.trespassed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)traverse“穿過(guò)；來(lái)回移動(dòng)；反駁；阻撓；詳細(xì)研究；旋轉(zhuǎn)”；B選項(xiàng)transfer“轉(zhuǎn)讓?zhuān)晦D(zhuǎn)接；移交；轉(zhuǎn)移（地方）；（使）換乘；轉(zhuǎn)存，轉(zhuǎn)錄；調(diào)動(dòng)（工作）；傳染，傳播；使（運(yùn)動(dòng)員）轉(zhuǎn)隊(duì)；把（錢(qián)）轉(zhuǎn)到另一賬戶，機(jī)構(gòu)上”；C選項(xiàng)trample“踐踏；蔑視，傷害；腳步沉重地走”；D選項(xiàng)trespass“非法侵入（他人的土地或財(cái)產(chǎn)）；做錯(cuò)事；違反道德（或社會(huì)法規(guī)）”。句意：她是一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的旅行者，二十多歲時(shí)曾穿越非洲和歐洲。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Competition,manypeoplebelieve,

thenationalcharacterratherthancorruptit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enforces

B.confirms

C.intensifies

D.strengthens

【答案】D

【解析】than決定了這里的corrupt(腐壞，破壞)與空格處的詞相對(duì)，所以空白處應(yīng)填入D，表示“加強(qiáng)”的意思。句意：很多人相信競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)加強(qiáng)民族性格而不是破壞它。

10.單選題

Asyouallknow,theUnitedStatesisacountryonwheels.Nearlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear,fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastonecar,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach.Yetyou’llbesurprisedtolearnthatsomeofthecar-ownersevensufferfrommalnutrition.

In1968,anation-widesurveyofmalnutritionwasmadeforthefirsttime.Itfoundthat10millionpeoplearesufferinginhealththroughinadequatefeeding;thecausesoftheirplightwerevaried.Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor.Andunemployment,strangetosay,ninetimesoutoftenresultsfromautomation,bothinindustrialandagriculturalareas.Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises.Soisthecasewithindustrialautomation.Infact,probably2millionjobsaremadeunnecessaryeachyearinthewholecountryasaresultoftheautomationprocess,thusmakingunemploymentachiefsocialconcern.Accordingtogovernmentstatistics,thenumberofpeopleunemployedwasover5percentfortheperiodfrom1958to1963.InJuly1981,itroseto7.8percent.Asamatteroffact,ithaslongbeenknownthatevenduringthemostprosperousperiodstherehavebeenpeoplewithoutenoughtoeat.SoIthinkthat’swhyPresidentKennedysaidinhisinaugurationspeechin1961,ifthegovernmentdidnothelpthepoor,itcouldnorsavetherich.

In1966,theSocialSecurityAdministrationcalculatedthatafamilyoffourneededanincomeof$3,355ayeartobeabovethelineofpoverty.Andin1977,theaveragepovertylineofthecountrywasslightlymorethan$6,200annualincomeforanon-farmfamilyoffour.AccordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram.Theaverageweeklypaymentofbenefitsnowisequivalentto36percentoftheworker’snormalwage.Andthenumberofpeoplewhoreceivegovernmentbenefitsisincreasing.In1973,socialinsurancepaymentsbygovernments,mainlytooldagepensionersandpeoplewhohadlosttheirjobsorwereoffworkthroughillness,amountedto$86,000million.Thosenotfullyqualifiedforinsurancepaymentsreceived$29,000millioninpublicaid.

Butproblemsstillexist.Manypeoplearenotreachedbytheanti-povertyprogram,becauselocalauthoritiesandagenciesdonotwanttoplaytheirpartordonotgavetheresourcestodoso.Somepoorpeoplewillnotaccepthelpforvariousreasons.Ofcourse,therearesomemoreimportantfactorswhichlieinthestrictureofthesociety,butIdon’tconsideritnecessarytodigintothemhere.Yetwewillperhapsagreethatsocialwelfareprogramshavesolvedtosomeextenttheproblemsoffeeding,clothingandhousingthosebelowthepovertyline.Onthewhole,itperhapsmightbesaidthatAmericanpeoplearelivingabetterlifethanpeopleinmostothercountries.

1.TheUnitedStatesiscalledacountryonwheelsbecause（

）.

2.Accordingtoa1968survey,tenmillionAmericansfoundthemselvesinadifficulthealthsituationchieflydueto（

）

3.Theauthoruses“thedisplaced”(Line5,Para.2)torefertothosewhoare（

）.

4.Theword“eligible”(Line4,Para.3)issynonymouswith“（

）

5.Americansarelivingabetterlifethanthoseinmostofothercountriesbecause,tosomedegree（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.aboutone-fourthAmericansowntwocars

B.abitoveroneoutoffourhouseholdsaretheownersoftwocars

C.nearly8millionnewcarsdriveinthecountryeveryyear

D.80%Americanshaveatleastonecar

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.inadequatefeeding

B.malnutrition

C.unemployment

D.automation

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.unemployed

B.disabled

C.sick

D.poor

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.necessary

B.urgent

C.needed

D.worthy

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.manyAmericansreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram

B.somepoorpeoplecanreceivehelpforsomereasonorother

C.thereistheanti-povertyprogramintheU.S.

D.socialwelfareprogramshavesomemeasuretosettletheproblemsofthosebelowthepovertyline.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段第二句N(xiāo)earlyeightmillionnewcarsaremadeeachyear,fourhouseholdsoutoffiveownatleastonecar,andmorethanaquarterhavetwoeach解釋了為什么美國(guó)被稱(chēng)為“車(chē)輪上的國(guó)家”，80%的家庭擁有至少一輛車(chē)，超過(guò)25%的家庭擁有兩輛車(chē)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章第二段第三句Unemploymentoveralongperiodshouldbeconsideredasthemainfactor提到造成營(yíng)養(yǎng)不調(diào)的主要原因是失業(yè)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.文章第二段提出長(zhǎng)期失業(yè)是造成一些人營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的原因，比如在南方農(nóng)村當(dāng)一個(gè)棉花種植園突然將自己的雇傭工人從100人降到3人，那么就意味著有97人失業(yè)（“Forexample,intheruralSouthwhenacottonplantationsuddenlycutsitsforcefrom100peopletothree,theproblemtohelpthedisplacedarises”）由此可以推斷thedisplaced在這里有“失業(yè)人員”的意思。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.文章第三段提及了美國(guó)的平均貧困線，然后提到只有年收入在貧困線以下才有資格領(lǐng)取政府的福利補(bǔ)助：accordingtotheSocialSecurityAct,familiesofthatsizebelowpovertylineareeligibletoreceivebenefitsfromthespecialwelfareprogram,由此推測(cè)eligible的意思是“有資格的”。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.文章最后一段提到美國(guó)的福利政策在一定程度上解決了貧困線以下那些人的衣食住的問(wèn)題，這相比多數(shù)其他國(guó)家的人要過(guò)得好。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.單選題

She（）toeveryonethatalthoughherfatherwasinjailshewasanupstandingcitizen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.venerated

B.veered

C.denounced

D.avowed

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)venerate“崇敬，尊敬”；B選項(xiàng)veer“使轉(zhuǎn)向；使順風(fēng)”；C選項(xiàng)denounce“譴責(zé)；告發(fā)”；D選項(xiàng)avow“承認(rèn)；公開(kāi)宣稱(chēng)；坦率承認(rèn)”。句意：她向所有人公開(kāi)宣稱(chēng)，盡管她的父親坐牢，但是她卻是一位正直的市民。根據(jù)句意，選項(xiàng)D正確。

12.單選題

Ifyou（）caretoseethepictures,I’llbringthemroundsomeevening.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.should

B.would

C.will

D.can

【答案】B

【解析】考查if引導(dǎo)的真實(shí)條件句，主句應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)“wouldyoucareto...”表示“（禮貌問(wèn)語(yǔ)）您喜歡，您愿意”，是一種委婉征求意見(jiàn)的方式。因此，排除其他選項(xiàng)，本題正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Ananalysisoftheideasinthenovelcompelsananalysisoftheformofthework,particularlywhenformandcontentareas（）astheyareinTheHouseoftheSevenGables.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.symptomatic

B.delineated

C.integrated

D.conspicuous

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析。句意：對(duì)小說(shuō)理念的分析使人不得不分析作品的形式，特別是當(dāng)形式和內(nèi)容像它們?cè)凇秲凑呓菢恰防镆粯樱ǎ┑臅r(shí)候。

symptomatic有癥狀的，癥候的；delineated描繪；integrated綜合的，相互協(xié)調(diào)的；conspicuous顯著的，明顯的。選項(xiàng)C“相互協(xié)調(diào)的”符合題意。

14.單選題

Webeganwithanexperiment.Themanaskedmetomakeadrawingonablankpieceofpaper.ImadeasketchofacreatureIhadinventedsometimeagotoamusemychildren.WhenIhadfinished,heaskedmetocoverthedrawingwithmyhand.ThenheaskedmetoconcentratehardandtotrytotransmitthethoughtofwhatIhadsketchedAminutewentbywithnoresult.Heshookhishead,"itseemsverycomplicated:isitakindofamoeba?"Slowlyandhesitantlyhebegantodrawthecreature’srightear-thespotwhereI’vealwaysbeginthedrawing.“you’vegotit.”Isaid."Goon!"Hecompletedthedrawingquickly.IhadcarefullyredrawnthepictureinmymindasItriedtotransmitit—whichprobablyaccountsfortheidenticalstartingpoint.

Themanthendemonstratedotherpower.Hemadethehandsofmywatchturnbacktwohoursandthedategoforwardtwodaysbystrokingacoinplacedoveritsface,explainingafterwardthathederivespowerfrommetal.Hehadalittletroubletryingtobreakmycarkey.However,heplaceditagainstametalradiator,andafterafewseconds,said,46Itisstartingtogo.Thekeysnappedintwo.

Thenhetriedtotransmitapicturetomebytelepathy.Iattemptedtomakemymindreceptive,butnoimagecameintoit.Feelingratherembarrassed,Ijustdrewthefirstthingthatcameintomyhead:checkmark.Themanshowedmethepieceofpaperhewasholding.ItcontainedamirrorimageofthesymbolIhaddrawn.Itcouldbesignificantinthisconnectionthatthemanisleft-handed.

AfterIlefttheroom,Ibegantosiftmyimpressions.Onlythedaybefore,anacquaintancehadwarnedmetowatchcarefullyforsleight-of-handtricks,especiallyasthemanhadearlierbeenastageconjuror.Ihadtoadmitthatmostofthethingshaddonecouldhavebeentricks.Forinstance,snappingthekeyswithhisfingersandalteringthehandsanddateonmywatchwiththewinderwouldhavebeenwellwithintheabilityofaskilledconjuror.ButhowcouldhehavefakedthedrawingofwhatIhaddrawn?Andifthatfeatwasduetogenuinetelepathicpower,theotherdemonstrationscouldalsobegenuine.

1.Inline11,“derives”mostnearlymeans（

）.

2.Itbeinferredfromline19-25thatthetelepathist’sdemonstrationswouldappearmostconvincingtoacriticalobserverifthetelepathistwereto

（

）.

3.The“acquaintance”mentionedinline19canbestbedescribedasa

（

）.

4.Whichphrasebestcharacterizestheauthor’sgeneralattitudeinthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Obtains

B.infers

C.connects

D.traces

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.providemoreinformationabouthisbackground

B.critiquetheperformancesofothertelepathist

C.performinarigorouslycontrolledenvironment

D.talkaboutwhatheisdoingasheperforms

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.skeptic

B.hypocrite

C.hoaxer

D.confidant

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Completeindifferent

B.righteousindignation

C.Cynicalamusement

D.guardedacceptance

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在第二段第二句Hemadethehandsofmywatchturnbacktwohoursandthedategoforwardtwodaysbystrokingacoinplacedoveritsface,explainingafterwardthathederivespowerfrommetal（通過(guò)撫摸放在臉上的硬幣，他把我的手表指針調(diào)慢了兩個(gè)小時(shí)，日期也調(diào)回到了兩天前，他解釋說(shuō)這是為了從金屬那里……力量）?？梢酝茰y(cè)“他解釋這種力量是從金屬那里得到的”，derive在這里是“獲得，得到”的意思。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.文章最后一段提到作者對(duì)于心靈感應(yīng)者其他一些手段他能夠識(shí)破，比如snappingthekeyswithhisfingersandalteringthehandsanddateonmywatchwiththewinderwouldhavebeenwellwithintheabilityofaskilledconjuror，但是作者對(duì)如何偽造畫(huà)這一過(guò)程不明白，因?yàn)檫@是他重構(gòu)的畫(huà)（buthowcouldhehavefakedthedrawingofwhatIhaddrawn?），這件事也是作者正在做的一件事。因此可以推測(cè)，如果當(dāng)表演的時(shí)候，談?wù)摰氖钦谧龅氖虑椋敲葱撵`感應(yīng)者的表演會(huì)更有說(shuō)服力。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.題干中的單詞出現(xiàn)在文章最后一段第二句話Onlythedaybefore,anacquaintancehadwarnedmetowatchcarefullyforsleight-of-handtricks,especiallyasthemanhadearlierbeenastageconjuror（就在前兩天，我的一個(gè)……還警告我要小心戲法，特別是當(dāng)那個(gè)人以前是個(gè)舞臺(tái)魔術(shù)師的時(shí)候。）警告者要作者當(dāng)心舞臺(tái)上的一些小把戲，證明他對(duì)魔術(shù)師的花招比較了解。選項(xiàng)A符合題意，這個(gè)警告者是一個(gè)懷疑者。

4.作者在最后一段提到他承認(rèn)很多舞臺(tái)上的表演其實(shí)是戲法，但是作者對(duì)如何偽造畫(huà)這一過(guò)程不明白，因?yàn)檫@是他重構(gòu)的畫(huà)（buthowcouldhehavefakedthedrawingofwhatIhaddrawn?）。證明作者對(duì)有些部分還是有疑問(wèn)的。所以選項(xiàng)D“有保留的接受”符合題意。

15.單選題

Inlargepartasaconsequenceofthefeministmovement,historianshavefocusedagreatdealofattentioninrecentyearsondeterminingmoreaccuratelythestatusofwomeninvariousperiods.Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiod,premoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.Thus,itisnotparticularlysurprisingthatsomeearlierscholarshipconcerningsuchcultureshassofargoneunchallenged.AnexampleisJohannBachofen’s1861treatiseonAmazonswomen-ruledsocietiesofquestionableexistencecontemporarywithancientGreece.

Startingfromthepremisethatmythologyandlegendpreserveatleastanucleusofhistoricalfact,Bachofenarguedthatwomenweredominantinmanyancientsocieties.HisworkwasbasedonacomprehensivesurveyofreferencesintheancientsourcestoAmazonianandothersocietieswithmatrilinealcustoms——societiesinwhichdescentandpropertyrightsaretracedthroughthefemaleline.SomesupportforhistheorycanbefoundinevidencesuchasthatdrawnfromHerodotus,theGreek“historian”ofthefifthcenturyB.C.，whospeaksofanAmazoniansociety,theSauromatae,wherethewomenhuntedandfoughtinwars.Awomaninthissocietywasnotallowedtomarryuntilshehadkilledapersoninbattle.

Nonetheless,thisassumptionthatthefirstrecordersofancientmythshavepreservedfactsisproblematic.IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfacts—realAmazoniansocieties—butrathertooffer“morallessons”onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen’sruleintheirownsociety.TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.Theircustomswerepresentednotasthoseofarespectablesociety,butastheveryantithesesofordinaryGreekpractices.

Thus,Iwouldargue,thepurposeofaccountsoftheAmazonsfortheirmaleGreekrecorderswasdidactic,toteachbothmaleandfemaleGreeksthatall-femalegroups,formedbywithdrawalfromtraditionalsociety,aredestructiveanddangerous.MythsabouttheAmazonswereusedasargumentsforthemale-dominatedstatusquo,inwhichgroupscomposedexclusivelyofeithersexwerenotpermittedtosegregatethemselvespermanentlyfromsociety.Bachofenwasthusmisledinhisrelianceonmythsforinformationaboutthestatusofwomen.Thesourcesthatwillprobablytellcontemporaryhistoriansmostaboutwomenintheancientworldaresuchsocialdocumentsasgravestones,wills,andmarriagecontracts.Studiesofsuchdocumentshavealreadybeguntoshowhowmistakenwearewhenwetrytoderiveourpictureoftheancientworldexclusivelyfromliterarysources,especiallymyths.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.AllofthefollowingarestatedbytheauthorasproblemsconnectedwiththesourcesforknowledgeofpremodernculturesEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingispresentedinthepassageasevidencesupportingtheauthor’sviewoftheancientGreeks’descriptionsoftheAmazons?

4.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheprobablereactionsofmanymalesinancientGreecetotheideaofasocietyruledbywomencouldbestbecharacterizedas（）.

5.TheauthorsuggeststhatthemainreasonforthepersistinginfluenceofBachofen’sworkisthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparecompetingnewapproachestounderstandingtheroleofwomeninancientsocieties

B.investigatetheramifications（影響，后果）ofBachofen’stheoryaboutthedominanceofwomeninancientsocieties

C.explaintherapidlyincreasedinterestamonghistoriansindeterminingtheactualstatusofwomeninvarioussocieties

D.criticizethevalueofancientmythsindeterminingthestatusofwomeninancientsocieties

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.partialcompleteness

B.restrictedaccessibility

C.difficultyofinterpretation

D.limitedquantity

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.TherequirementthatSauromataewomenkillinbattlebeforemarrying.

B.Thefailureofhistorianstoverifythatwomenwereevergovernorsofancientsocieties.

C.TheclassingofAmazonswithgiantsandcentaurs.

D.Thewell-establishedunreliabilityofHerodotusasasourceofinformationaboutancientsocieties.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.confusedanddismayed

B.waryandhostile

C.cynicalanddisinterested

D.curiousbutfearful

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.feministshaveshownlittleinterestinancientsocieties

B.Bachofen’sknowledgeofAmazoniancultureisunparalleled

C.reliableinformationabouttheancientworldisdifficulttoacquire

D.ancientsocietiesshowthebestevidenceofwomeninpositionsofpower

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章第一段主要提到了由于前現(xiàn)代文化的許多可靠的資料難以獲得，所以巴霍芬關(guān)于亞馬遜女性統(tǒng)治社會(huì)的論文具有長(zhǎng)期的參考性和影響力。第二段接著介紹了巴霍芬論文的核心，主要是介紹了亞馬遜女性統(tǒng)治社會(huì)的特點(diǎn)。第三段中作者展開(kāi)討論，認(rèn)為有關(guān)于古代社會(huì)的這些最初記錄的資料或論文存在一些不合理性。最后一段提及了古希臘的男性記錄亞馬遜的女性統(tǒng)治社會(huì)的原因是具有教誨性的，并且提出單靠一些古代的文學(xué)資源或者資料，尤其是古代的神話，來(lái)獲得我們對(duì)古代社會(huì)的印象會(huì)具有一定的誤導(dǎo)性。可判斷出作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的主要目的是批判了古代神話在研究并確定古代社會(huì)婦女地位問(wèn)題中的價(jià)值。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“premoderncultures”定位到文章第一段“Althoughmuchhasbeenaccomplishedforthemodernperiod,premoderncultureshaveprovedmoredifficult:sourcesarerestrictedinnumber,fragmentary,difficulttointerpret,andoftencontradictory.”，可知盡管現(xiàn)代時(shí)期已經(jīng)取得了很多成就，但前現(xiàn)代文化被證明面臨著更多困難：來(lái)源在數(shù)量上受到限制；不完整性；難以理解并且經(jīng)常存在爭(zhēng)議?？膳袛喑鲎髡哧愂龅年P(guān)于前現(xiàn)代文化的知識(shí)來(lái)源的問(wèn)題，包括資源來(lái)源的不完整性（partialcompleteness）、難以解讀性（difficultyofinterpretation）以及數(shù)量受限（limitedquantity），所以不包括restrictedaccessibility，故選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“theancientGreeks’descriptionsoftheAmazons”定位到文章第三段“...ancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfacts—realAmazoniansocieties—butrathertooffer“morallessons”onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen’sruleintheirownsociety.TheAmazonswereoftencharacterized,forexample,astheequivalentsofgiantsandcentaurs,enemiestobeslainbyGreekheroes.”可知作者認(rèn)為古希臘對(duì)這種社會(huì)的描述，并不是要過(guò)多地去表現(xiàn)觀察到的歷史事實(shí)——真正的亞馬遜社會(huì)——而是要就婦女在其社會(huì)中的統(tǒng)治地位的預(yù)期后果提供一種道德教訓(xùn)。例如，亞馬遜人經(jīng)常被描述為等同于巨人族和人馬族，他們都是被希臘英雄殺死的敵人。而根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“Nonetheless,thisassumptionthatthefirstrecordersofancientmythshavepreservedfactsisproblematic.”可判斷作者對(duì)于古希臘人對(duì)亞馬遜人的描述持有不贊同的態(tài)度，認(rèn)為其存在問(wèn)題。所以下文利用亞馬遜人都是人馬族和半馬族的這種描述，表達(dá)其不合理性，與作者觀點(diǎn)相符，故