考研考博-英語-華北電力大學(xué)科技學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-華北電力大學(xué)科技學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.翻譯題

青年興則國家興，青年強則國家強。青年一代有理想、有本領(lǐng)、有擔(dān)當(dāng)，國家就有前途，民族就有希望。中國夢是歷史的、現(xiàn)實的，也是未來的；是我們這一代的，更是青年一代的。中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國夢，終將在一代代青年的接力奮斗中變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實。

【答案】Anationwillprosperonlywhenitsyoungpeoplethrive.Iftheyounggenerationhasideals,abilitiesandresponsibilities,thecountrywillhaveafutureandthenationwillhavehope.TheChinesedreamishistorical,realisticandfuture;itbelongstoourgeneration,especiallytheyounggeneration.TheChinesedreamofthegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenationwilleventuallybecomearealityintherelaystruggleofgenerationsofyoungpeople.

2.單選題

Theirqualification（

）themtoahighsalary.

問題1選項

A.rewards

B.grants

C.entitles

D.awards

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他們的資格使他們有權(quán)享有高薪。

考查動詞辨析。四個選項分別是對應(yīng)動詞的三單形式。Reward獎勵,獎賞;grant同意,準(zhǔn)予,允許,一般用法為grantsb.sth.或grantsb.todosth.;entitle使享有權(quán)利,使符合資格,一般用法為entitlesb.tosth;award授予,判定,一般用法為awardsb.sth.或awardsth.tosb。由關(guān)鍵詞themtoahighsalary可知C項無論從語義還是從搭配上都符合題干要求。

3.單選題

RealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.

Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.

Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupid,pettycrimes.

Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe’sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackslittleeffortisspentonsearching.

Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.

Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetime,someofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.

Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness—asheseesit―ofcitizens,socialworkers,doctors,law-makers,andjudges,who,insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresult,detectivesfeel,isthatnine-tenthsoftheirworkisre-catchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.

Thismakesthemrathercynical.

1.Apolicemanhastobetrainedincriminallawbecause（

）.

2.Whatisthemostsuitablewordthatdescribestheworkofapolicemanaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,policemenspendmostoftheirtimeandefforts（

）.

4.What’sthepoliceman’sbiggestheadache?

5.Whydopolicemenfeelseparatedfromtherestoftheworld?

問題1選項

A.hemustworkhardtohelpreformcriminals

B.hemustbehaveasprofessionallawyersdo

C.hemustbeabletotellwhenandwhereacrimeiscommitted

D.hemustjustifythearrestshemakesofcriminals

問題2選項

A.Dangerous

B.Demanding

C.Distressing

D.Dramatic

問題3選項

A.patrollingthestreet,rainorshine

B.trackingandarrestingcriminals

C.collectingandprovidingevidence

D.consultingtherulesoflaw

問題4選項

A.Hehastogetthemostdesirableresultswithoutbreakingthelawinanyway.

B.Hehastojustifyhisarrestswhileunabletoprovidesufficientevidenceinmostcases.

C.Hecanhardlyfindenoughtimetolearncriminallawwhileburdenedwithnumerouscriminalcases

D.Hehastoprovidethebestpossiblepublicserviceattheleastpossibleexpense

問題5選項

A.Becausetheydonotreceiveduesupportfromsociety.

B.Becausetheyfindpeopleinsincerewiththem.

C.Becausetheyfeelsuperiortosimple-mindedpeoplearoundthem.

D.Becausetheyaresuspiciousofthepeoplearoundthem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.”，可知第一個區(qū)別是警察的現(xiàn)實生活是圍繞著刑法的，他必須知道什么行為是犯罪，什么證據(jù)可以在法庭上證明他們所逮捕的人確實有犯罪行為?？膳袛喑鼍毂仨毥邮苄谭ǚ矫娴挠?xùn)練的原因在于要能證明他所逮捕的人是罪犯。選項D符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章中對警察的相關(guān)描述，“apoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw…h(huán)eoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence…therealoneistheunpleasantpressures…”，可知警察需要懂法律，需要在逮捕過程中收集證據(jù)，需要承受不快的壓力等等，可判斷出最能描述警察這個職業(yè)的詞為demanding“要求高的”，選項B符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.”，可知在現(xiàn)實生活中，找到罪犯在很多情況下并不是什么大問題。又根據(jù)第五段，“Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.”，可知逮捕之后，才真正開始偵探的工作了。他必須在法庭上證明自己的觀點，為此他經(jīng)常需要收集很多不同的證據(jù)?？膳袛喑鼍煨枰汛罅康臅r間和精力花在尋找和收集證據(jù)上。選項C符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.”，可知第三個最大的區(qū)別就是不快的壓力，首先，他們總是必須絕對依法行事。其次，作為公務(wù)員，他們必須取得成效?？膳袛喑鼍毂仨氃诓贿`反任何法律的情況下達(dá)到最理想的結(jié)果。選項A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness…insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.”，可知如果偵探要偵破這個世界，世界往往會欺騙他。他遇到的任何人幾乎沒有一個告訴他真相。偵探會感到自己與外界的這種隔閡加深了。在警察想要消除犯罪的時候，而其他人可能希望給罪犯改過自新的機會而對其從輕處罰。可判斷出警察與世界隔離的原因在于他們沒有得到人們應(yīng)有的支持。選項A符合題意。

4.翻譯題

41.人類社會中的戰(zhàn)爭大體源于兩方面的缺乏。第一是資源的缺乏：爭奪對國家安全和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展至關(guān)重要的稀缺戰(zhàn)略資源往往是一國發(fā)動戰(zhàn)爭的重要動因。第二是信任的缺乏：這種缺乏常常導(dǎo)致國家在宗教、文化、意識形態(tài)等方面的持續(xù)對抗，并由此引發(fā)軍事沖突。

42.一方面，投資的滯后牽制了經(jīng)濟的增長，而另一方面，持續(xù)的消費熱在一定程度上緩解了經(jīng)濟的衰退。

43.大學(xué)里學(xué)到的知識還相當(dāng)粗淺，研究生階段才開始研究學(xué)問，但在這個時期也只能算是初涉學(xué)術(shù)，更加注重的應(yīng)是領(lǐng)悟研究的方法。

【答案】41.Warsinhumansocietyariselargelyfromtwodeficiencies.Thefirstisthelackofresources:thescrambleforscarcestrategicresources,whicharevitaltonationalsecurityandeconomicdevelopment,isoftenanimportantmotivationforacountrytolaunchawar.Thesecondisalackoftrust:thislackhasoftenledtoongoingrivalriesbetweencountriesoverreligion,culture,ideology,etc.,whichleadstomilitaryconflicts.

42.Ontheonehand,thelagofinvestmenthasheldbackeconomicgrowth,whileontheother,thesustainedconsumptionboomhasalleviatedtheeconomicrecessiontoacertainextent.

43.Whatyouareimpartedduringuniversityissomethingquitesuperficial,andtheresearchinstitutesofuniversitiesarejusttheplaceswhereknowledgeisprimarilystudied.Buteventhereyougetonlythefirsttasteoflearningwhereemphasisisonresearchmethodologyandpractice.

5.翻譯題

Putthefollowing3EnglishsentencesintoChineseand3ChinesesentencesintoEnglish.

因為博客的實質(zhì)只不過是一種“網(wǎng)絡(luò)白志”，即在網(wǎng)頁上按照吋間順序排列個人信息的一種記錄形式。博客的最大特點就是利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間，發(fā)表自己的觀點主張，最大程度地彰顯個人的自主性或獨立性。盡管它正在成為--種越來越重要的文化載體甚至社會載體，但是無論如何都不可能取代最古老的知識傳承方式——讀書。

中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的食俗豐富多彩，且有悠久歷史。剛剛過去的春節(jié)是我國最最重要的節(jié)日，人們通常從它的前夜——-除夕就開始準(zhǔn)備了。這一天人們一般都會吃雞、鴨、魚、肉、餃子等。再過幾天就是端午節(jié)了，這個節(jié)日的重要食俗就是吃粽子(ricedumpling)。而吃月餅則是中秋節(jié)最具代表性的習(xí)俗，人們都喜歡在這天與家人團聚，邊飲酒賞月，邊吃月餅。

我要強調(diào)的是，我們不能因為成功舉辦了奧運會和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展較快而太過驕傲自滿。必須認(rèn)識到，我們只是一個發(fā)展中國家———個人口大國、經(jīng)濟小國。對于這么一個國家，不管有多么可觀的收入，只要除以13億，立刻就變成很低的人均水平。所以，中國的發(fā)展道路離真正的富強還很漫長，萬里長征才走了幾步啊！我們需要一直努力才行！

Itwasa"matchofthecentury"betweenhumanchampionoftheChineseboardgameGoandGoogle'scomputerprogramkickedoffinSeoullastWednesday,whichdrewgreatattention.Google'sartificialintelligencesoftwarehaswonitsthirdstraightmatchagainstagrandmasterofanancientboardgamecalledGo.Google'sprogram,AlphaGo,wonfourgamesandlostoneinaseriesoffiveagainstLeeSedol,who'sconsideredoneoftheworld’sbestGoplayers.ThismeansGooglehassecuredthe$1millioninprizemoneyfromthecompetition,whichitsaysitwilldonatetocharity.ButthiswasaboutmorethanmoneyandbraggingrightsforGoogle.

TheZikaviruswasfirstisolatedin1947fromamonkeyintheZikaforestofUganda.ItshistoricalhomehasbeeninanarrowequatorialbeltstretchingacrossAfricaandintoequatorialAsia.Fordecades,thedisease,transmittedbytheAedesgenusofmosquitoslumbered,affectingmainlymonkeys.Inhumans,Zikaoccasionallycausedamilddiseaseoflowconcern.In2007,ZikaexpandeditsgeographicalrangetocausethefirstdocumentedoutbreakinthePacificislands,intheFederatedStatesofMicronesia.From20132014,4additionalPacificislandnationsdocumentedlargeZikaoutbreaks.

China'sstunningeconomicriseisoneofthebiggestlegendsofthisgeneration.Injustthreedecadessincebeginningtoembracemarketeconomics,Chinahasleftitsdesperatepovertybehindtobecometheworld'stopexportingnation.ThetransformationhasoccurredsoquicklythatmythsandmisperceptionsaboundaboutthechallengesandopportunitiesthatChinaposestoAmericaandtherestoftheworld.

【答案】Thecoreoftheblogsisjustakindof“networkdiary’’，namely,arecordingformofdisplayingthepersonalinformationonthewebpagechronologically.Thebiggestcharacteristicoftheblogistousethenetworkspacetoissueyourownpointofviewandshowyourpersonalindependenceorautonomybythegreatestdegree.Althoughitgraduallybecomesamoreandmoreimportantculturalcarrieroreventhesocialcarrier,nomatterwhat,itcouldnotreplacethemostancientwayofpassingknowledgedownway—readingbooks.

Chinahaswitnessedalonghistoryoftheeatingcustomsoftraditionalfestivals,whichisfullofvariety.TheSpringFestivaljustoverthepastisthemostsignificantfestivalofallinChina.Peoplehavepreparedforitfromeveofit,theNewYear’sEve.Thisday,peoplewouldeatthechicken,duck,fish,meatanddumplings.Inafewmoredays,theDragonBoatFestivaliscoming.Theeatingcustomofthisfestivalistoeattheracedumplings,whiletoeatthemooncakesisthemostrepresentativeeatingcustomoftheMid-autumnFestival.Peoplewouldreunitewiththeirfamilies,drinkingandenjoyingthemoonwhileeatingmooncakes.

IwanttoemphasizethatweshouldnotbetooproudandcomplacentbecauseofthesuccessfulOlympicGamesandtherapideconomicdevelopment.Wemustrealizethatoursisjustadevelopingcountrywithalargepopulationbutweakeconomy.Forthiscountry,anyconsiderableamountoffinancialresource,dividedby1.3billion,becomesaverylowpercapitallevel.Therefore,Chinaisfarawayfromprosperity.Howfewstepsthelongjourneywehavetaken!Wearegoingtobeworkinghard.

上周三，中國圍棋人類冠軍與谷歌電腦程序在首爾舉行了“世紀(jì)之戰(zhàn)”，引起了廣泛關(guān)注。谷歌的人工智能軟件已經(jīng)連續(xù)第三次擊敗名為Go的古老棋盤游戲的大師。名為“阿爾法狗”的谷歌軟件在和世界最好的圍棋選手李世石的五場比賽以四勝一敗結(jié)束。這意味著谷歌已經(jīng)從競賽中獲得了100萬美元的獎金，并表示將捐贈給慈善機構(gòu)。但是這場勝利的意義已經(jīng)超過了獎金和勝利本身。

塞卡病毒最初是1947年從烏干達(dá)塞卡森林的一只猴子身上分離出來的。它的歷史發(fā)源地是一條狹窄的赤道帶，橫跨非洲，一直延伸到赤道亞洲。幾十年來，這種病毒由伊蚊屬蚊蟲傳播，消無聲息，主要感染猴子。在人類身上，塞卡病毒偶爾會引起一種低關(guān)注度的輕微疾病。2007年，寨卡病毒擴大了地理范圍，導(dǎo)致在太平洋島嶼密克羅尼西亞首次爆發(fā)有記載的疫情。2013年至2014年，又有4個太平洋島嶼國家記錄了大規(guī)模寨卡病毒的爆發(fā)。

中國驚人的經(jīng)濟增長是這一代人最大的傳奇之一。自開始接受市場經(jīng)濟以來的短短三十年里，中國已經(jīng)擺脫了極度貧困，成為世界上最大的出口國。這種轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)生得如此之快，以至于出現(xiàn)了大量關(guān)于中國對美國和世界其他地區(qū)帶來構(gòu)成威脅的傳說和誤解。

6.單選題

Hewaseasilyhurtbecausehisfeelingswerevery（）.

問題1選項

A.sensible

B.sensational

C.sensitive

D.senseless

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他很容易受傷，因為他很敏感。

考查形容詞辨析。sensible明智的；合乎情理的；能感覺到的;sensational轟動的；聳人聽聞的;sensitive敏感的；senseless愚蠢的;無意識的。根據(jù)前半句句意“他很容易受傷”可知C項符合句意。

7.單選題

Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whereasthebehaviorofananimaldependsmainlyon（）.

問題1選項

A.response

B.impulse

C.instinct

D.consciousness

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項response“反應(yīng)，回答”；B選項impulse“沖動”；C選項instinct“本能，直覺”；D選項consciousness“意識，知覺”。句意：人類的行為主要是學(xué)習(xí)的產(chǎn)物，而動物的行為主要依靠本能。選項C符合句意。

8.單選題

Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment,lifemusthavebeenvery____forthenineteenth-centuryfactoryworkers.

問題1選項

A.hostile

B.anxious

C.tedious

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】考查上下文語義。A選項hostile“敵對的；懷有敵意的”；B選項anxious“焦慮的；急切的”；C選項tedious“沉悶的，無聊的”；D選項obscure“模糊的，不清楚的”。句意：對于19世紀(jì)工廠的工人來說，每周工作80個小時，沒有什么樂趣，這種生活一定很____。從沒有l(wèi)ittleenjoyment“沒什么樂趣”可以看出，這種生活很無聊，C選項最符合句意。因此，本題最佳選項為C。

9.單選題

AlthoughJackandIhadnotmetforover20yearsIrecognizedhim______Isawhim.

問題1選項

A.justas

B.eventhough

C.theminute

D.aslongas

【答案】C

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項justas“正如；正像”；B選項eventhough“雖然，即使”；C選項theminute“一……就，當(dāng)……（即）”；D選項aslongas“只要；如果；既然；長達(dá)”。句意：雖然我和杰克已經(jīng)20多年沒見面了，但我一見到他就認(rèn)出他來了。因此C選項正確。

10.單選題

TheHouseisexpectedtopassapieceoflegislationThursdaythatseekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployersandcouldpossiblyreversedecadesofdecliningmembershipamongprivateindustries.

TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldallowauniontoberecognizedaftercollectingamajorityofvotecards,insteadofwaitingfortheNationalLaborRelationsBoardtooverseeasecretballotelection,whichcanoccurmorethan50daysafterthecardvoteiscompleted.

RepresentativesofbusinessonCapitolHillopposethebill.TheNationalAssociationofManufacturers,TheNationalFederationofIndependentBusiness,theU.S.ChamberofCommerceandotherbusinessgroupsopposetheshiftawayfromsecretballotssayingthechangecouldthreatentheprivacyoftheworkers.“Thisisn’taboutpreventingincreasedunionizationit’saboutprotectingrights,’’saidtheNationalAssociationofManufacturer’sJasonStraczewski,ofhisorganization’soppositiontobill.Straczewskisayseliminatingthesecret-ballotstepwouldopenupemployeestocoercion（強迫，脅迫）fromunions.

SamueloftheAFL-CIOcontendstherealcoercioncomesfromemployers.“Workerstalkingtoworkersareequalswhilemanagerstalkingtoworkersaren’t,”Samuelsaid.Hecitesthe31,358casesofillegalemployerdiscriminationactedonbytheNationalLaborRelationsBoardin2005.

Samuelalsopointsoutthatcountertoclaimsfromthebusinesslobby,thesecretballotwouldnotbeeliminated.Thechangewouldonlytakethecontrolofthetimingoftheelectionoutofthehandsoftheemployers.“Ontheground,thedifferencebetweenhavingthislegislationandnotwouldbethedifferencebetweennightandday,”saidRichardShawoftheHarrisCountyCentralLaborCouncil,whosaysitwouldhaveatremendousimpactonthelocallevel.

Thebillhasotherprovisions（條款，規(guī)定）aswell.TheEmployeeFreeChoiceActwouldalsoimposebindingarbitration（仲裁）whenacompanyandanewlyformedunioncannotagreeonacontractafter3months.Anagreementworkedoutunderbindingcompulsoryarbitrationwouldbeineffectfor2years,afactthatStraczewskicalls,“borderlineunconstitutional.”“Idon’tseehowitwillbenefitemployeesifthey’relockedintoacontract,”saidStraczewski.

Thebill’sproponentspointtothetrendofrecognizedunionsunabletogetcontractsfromunwillingemployers.TheFederalMediationandConciliationService,theorganizationthatoverseesarbitration,reportedthatin2004,45percentofnewlyformedunionsweredeniedfirstcontractsbyemployers.Thebillwouldalsostrengthenthepenaltiesforcompaniesthatillegallycoerceorintimidateemployees.Asitstands,thelawonthebookshasn’tchangedsubstantiallysincetheNationalLaborRelationsActwasmadeintolawin1935.TheNLBRcanenforcenootherpenaltythanreinstatingwrongfullyfiredemployeesorrecoveringlostwages.

1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

2.Accordingtoitsopponents,thebill（）.

3.Theword"it"（Line5,Para.5）refersto（）.

4.PeoplesupportthebillbecauseofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT（）.

5.thebillwillstrengthenthepunishmentforcompanieswhichillegallycoerceorthreatenemployees

問題1選項

A.Housebillaimstospurlaboruniongrowth.

B.Housebillaimstocounterlaboruniongrowth.

C.EmployeeFreeChoiceActaimstospuremployment.

D.EmployeeFreeChoiceActaimstoraiseemployee’sincome.

問題2選項

A.willprotectemployees'rights

B.willbenefitworkersbybindingcontracts

C.willempowerunionstoomuch

D.makesitpossibleforemployeestoyieldtocoercionfromunions

問題3選項

A.thechange

B.thelegislation

C.theAFL-CIO

D.thedifference

問題4選項

A.thebillwillprobablyenableunionstohavefewermembersofprivateindustries

B.thebillwillallowauniontoberecognizedearlierandhaveagreateffectonthelocallevel

C.bindingarbitrationwillbeimposedtoprotectemployeesifacontractcan’tbeagreedonbetweenarecentlyestablishedunionandacompany

D.thebillwillstrengthenthepunishmentforcompanieswhichillegallycoerceorthreatenemployees

問題5選項

A.fewerprivateindustriesjoinedunionsinthepast

B.workers’coercionoftencomesfromunions

C.thebillwillbeawin-and-winoneforemployeesandemployers

D.punishmentauthorizedbythebillwillbelighter

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。原文首段表明眾議院將出臺新立法，seekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunionsandemployers,是為了維護工會的權(quán)利，激發(fā)工會的發(fā)展。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞opponents定位到原文第三段第三句，opponents指的是JasonStraczewski。后面他說道would?open?up?employees?to?coercion?(強迫：脅迫）from?unions,與選項D對應(yīng)。

3.語義題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到原文第五段第五行，who指代的是前句中RichardShaw，it指代前句中的legislation。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題干說下列哪項不是人們支持該法案的原因，文章首段couldreverse?decades?of?declining?membership?among?private?industries(立法有助于改善勞工與雇主之間的關(guān)系)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。最后一段提到in2004,45percentofnewlyformedunionsweredeniedfirstcontractsbyemployers(2004年，45%的新成立工會被雇主拒絕簽訂第一份合同)，因此答案為A。

11.翻譯題

Parentsofwailingbabies,takecomfort:Youarenotalone.Chimpanzeebabiesfuss.Seagullchickssquawk.Buryingbeetlelarvaetaptheirparents’legs.Throughouttheanimalkingdom,babiesknowhowtogettheirparents’attention.Exactlywhyevolutionhasproducedallthisfussing,squawkingandtappingisaquestionmanybiologistsaretryingtoanswer.

(1)Someday,thatanswermayshedsomelightonthemysteryofcryinginhumanbabies.“Itmaypointresearchersintherightdirectiontofindthecausesofexcessivecrying,”saidJosephSoltis,abioacousticsexpertatDisney’sAnimalKingdominLakeBuenaVista,Florida.SoltispublishedanarticleontheevolutionofcryinginthecurrentissueofBehavioralandBrainSciences.

Younganimalsvaryinhowmuchtheycry,squawkorotherwisecommunicatewiththeirparents,andstudieswithmice,beetlesandmonkeysshowthatthisvariationispartlybasedongenes.

Somelevelofcryinginhumans,ofcourse,isbasedongaspainsandmessydiapers.(2)Butasforthegeneticcontribution,youmightexpectthatnaturalselectionwouldfavorgenesfornoisierchildren,sincetheywouldgetmoreattention.

Beforelong,however,thissortofdeceptionmayberuinous.Ifthesignalsofoffspringbecametotallyunreliable,parentswouldnolongerbenefitfrompayingattention.(3)Someevolutionarybiologistshaveproposedthatnaturalselectionshouldthereforefavorso-calledhonestadvertisements.

Somebiologistshavespeculatedthatthesehonestadvertisementsmaynotjusttellaparentwhichoffspringarehungry.Theymightalsoshowtheirparentthattheyarehealthyandvigorousandthereforeworthsomeextrainvestment.

Thebabiesofrhesusmacaquemonkeyscryouttotheirmothersandtendtocryevenmorearoundthetimetheirmotherswean(斷奶)them.Themothers,inresponse,begintoignoremostoftheirbabies’distresscalls,sincemostturnouttobefalsealarms.

“Initially,mothersrespondanytimeaninfantcries,”saidDarioMaestripieri,aprimatologistattheUniversityofChicago,(4)“Butasthecriesincrease,theyrespondlessandless.Theybecomemoreskeptical.Soinfantsstartcryingless.Sotheygothroughthesecycles,adjustingtheirresponses.”

KimBard,aprimatologistattheUniversityofPlymouthinEngland,hasspentmorethanadecadeobservingchimpanzeebabies.“Chimpscancryforalongtimeifsomethingterribleishappeningtothem,butwhenyoupickthemup,theystop,”Bardsaid.“I’veneverseenanychimpanzeesinthefirstthreemonthsoflifebeinconsolable.”

Maestripieriandotherresearcherssaytheseevolutionaryforcesmayhavealsoshapedthecriesofhumanbabies.“Allprimateinfantscry,”Maestripierisaid.(5)“It’saveryconservedbehavior.It’snotsomethinghumanshaveevolvedontheirown.”

【答案】1.有一天，也許這個答案會解開人類嬰兒哭泣之謎。

2.但說到基因方面的原因，你可能會認(rèn)為自然選擇會傾向于吵鬧的孩子的基因，因為他們會得到更多的關(guān)注。

3.因此，有的進化生物學(xué)家提出，自然選擇會傾向于所謂的誠實宣傳。

4.但隨著叫聲越來越多，母親的反應(yīng)也越來越少，因為她們開始懷疑哭聲的真實性。所以嬰兒的嗷叫隨之變少。

5.“這是一種非常保守的行為。這不是人類自己進化出來的?！?/p>

12.單選題

Thebrillianceofhissatireswas（

）makeevenhisvictimslaugh.

問題1選項

A.soasto

B.suchasto

C.sothat

D.suchthat

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞組辨析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可知was后面缺少表語，so是副詞不可做表語，排除A、C選項。suchasto表示“到如此程度以致，如此……以致”，其中的such為代詞，在句中作表語；suchthat表示“到這樣的程度”，結(jié)合選項意思及句意選B。句意：他寫的諷刺作品十分精彩，即便是被他諷刺的那些人也忍不住要笑。

13.單選題

Afterfouryearsinthesamejobhisenthusiasmfinally（

）.

問題1選項

A.deteriorated

B.dissipated

C.dispersed

D.drained

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。deteriorate“惡化”；dissipate“浪費”；disperse“分散”；drain“排水；耗盡”。句意：在同一份工作上干了四年，他對工作的熱情慢慢耗盡了。選項D符合題意。

14.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

確定目的后，原告必須考慮在什么法院起訴最能實現(xiàn)其目的。他必須在聯(lián)邦法院起訴?在州法院?或兩者可選其一?若在州法院，在哪一州?若在聯(lián)邦法院，該在全國86個轄區(qū)中的哪個區(qū)？在此存在許多考量，有些過于技術(shù)的我們便不在本文中論及。然而，并非所有案件的原告都會面臨選擇難題。如上所述，有些案件只能在聯(lián)邦法院提起，且事實上只能在一所特定的聯(lián)邦法院.。

【答案】Aftermakinghisdecision,theplaintiffmustconsiderhowtoselectadequatecourttosue,e.g.thefederalcourt,stateoneorthosearethetwoalternatives.Ifgoingtothestatecourt,heneedthinkaboutchoosingwhich;orthefederalcourt,hehastochooseadistrictfromnational’s86jurisdictions.Becausetherearemanyfactorstobeestimated,itisnotconvenientforustodiscusssomeknowhowsherein.Butnotallplaintiffsshouldbefacedwiththedilemma.Asstated,atypeofcasemaybeheardonlyinthefederalcourt,andinfactonlyinaspecialone.

15.填空題

Don'ttrytousethatprinter.It'sbeenoutof（

）forages.Idon’tknowwhytheystillhaven’trepairedit.

【答案】order

【解析】固定搭配。outoforder發(fā)生故障。

16.單選題

TheManchushadeffectedacoalitionwiththeChinesegentryclasswhichsecuredthepositionsofbothparties.Thegentryweresetapartfromthecommonersandgiven（）careerprivilegesinthegovernmentbureaucracy.

問題1選項

A.inclusive

B.special

C.exclusive

D.especial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項inclusive“包含的”；B選項special“專用的，專門的”；C選項exclusive“獨有的，專有的”；D選項especial“特別的，尤其的”。根據(jù)前文貴族人與普通平民區(qū)分開來，可推測后文應(yīng)該是賦予貴族獨有的地位，exclusive含有“排他”之意，故答案選項為C。

17.單選題

UncleGeorge’sconditionlooksveryseriousanditisdoubtfulifhewillrecover.

問題1選項

A.pullup

B.pullback

C.pullout

D.pullthrough

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞義辨析。recover表示“恢復(fù)”；A項pullup“拔起，阻止”，B項pullback“拉回，撤回”，C項pullout“離開，撤離”，D項pullthrough“渡過難關(guān)，恢復(fù)健康”。句意：喬治叔叔的情況看來很嚴(yán)重，他能否康復(fù)很難說。因此D項正確。

18.單選題

TherearetwocolumnsmarkedAandBbelow.10setwordsarelistedincolumnAwiththedefinitionsprovidedincolumnB.StudythephrasesincolumnAcarefullyandmatcheachwordwiththecorrectdefinitionincolumnB.

ColumnA

1.vitality

2.prompting

3.instantaneous

4.dynamic

5.prudent

6.original

7.feverish

8.facilitate

9.likewise

10.sponsor

ColumnB

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題1選項

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題2選項

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題3選項

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題4選項

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題5選項

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

問題6選項

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromtheb