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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)銀川學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題
Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.
Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?
InDecember2010America'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC.proposedaddinga"donottrack"(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple'sSafaribothofferDNT;Google'sChromeisduetodosothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA.agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.
OnMay31stMicrosoftsetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.
Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.
AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhuge'sellingpointforwindows8-thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavorablywithGoogle'sonthatcountbefore.BrendonLynch,Microsoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol."Coulditreallybethatsimple?
1.Paragraph1suggeststhat“behavioral”adshelpadvertisersto().
2.“Theindustry”(Line5,Para.3)refersto().
3.TheauthorholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault().
4.AccordingtoParagraph6,().
5.Theauthor'sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.easecompetitionamongthemselves
B.avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers
C.providebetteronlineservices
D.lowertheiroperationalcosts
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.onlineadvertisers
B.e-commerceconductors
C.digitalinformationanalysis
D.internetbrowserdevelopers
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.maycutthenumberofjunkads
B.failstoaffecttheadindustry
C.maynotbenefitconsumers
D.goesagainsthumannature
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose
B.advertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT
C.DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers
D.advertisersareobligedtoofferbehavioralads
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.indulgence
B.skepticism
C.appreciation
D.understanding
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:D
第3題:C
第4題:A
第5題:B
【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted-thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.有句老話說,所有廣告預(yù)算的一半都浪費(fèi)了——問題是,沒人知道是哪一半。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代,至少在理論上,這個(gè)比例可以大大降低。通過觀察人們?cè)诰W(wǎng)上搜索、點(diǎn)擊和發(fā)言的內(nèi)容,公司可以針對(duì)那些最有可能購買的人投放“行為”廣告。由此可知行為廣告能降低運(yùn)營成本。故D項(xiàng)正確。
2.詞義題。由第三段第一句話“InDecember2010America'sFederalTradeCommission(FTC.proposedaddinga"donottrack"(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.2010年12月,美國聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)(FTC.提議在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器中增加“禁止追蹤”(DNT)選項(xiàng),這樣用戶就可以告訴廣告商他們不希望被跟蹤。”以及“InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA.agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.”今年2月,聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)和數(shù)字廣告聯(lián)盟(DAA.一致認(rèn)為,該行業(yè)將著手應(yīng)對(duì)DNT請(qǐng)求。由上文可知FTC以及IE等同意在瀏覽器中增加DNT選項(xiàng),故theindustry就是指代上文提到的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器。
3.判斷推理題。由第五段“Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.目前尚不清楚廣告客戶將如何回應(yīng)。獲得DNT信號(hào)并不意味著任何人都必須停止跟蹤,盡管一些公司已經(jīng)承諾這樣做。由于無法判斷用戶是真的反對(duì)行為性廣告,還是堅(jiān)持使用微軟的默認(rèn)設(shè)置,一些企業(yè)可能會(huì)忽略DNT信號(hào),繼續(xù)按下按鈕。據(jù)此可知在網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器中增加DNT選項(xiàng)并不意味著用戶的瀏覽記錄不會(huì)被追蹤,也就是說用戶可能不會(huì)真正從中受益。故C項(xiàng)正確。
4.判斷推理題。由第六段“AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.同樣不清楚的是,微軟為什么要單干。畢竟,它也有自己的廣告業(yè)務(wù),它說自己會(huì)遵守DNT請(qǐng)求,盡管它仍在研究如何做到這一點(diǎn)。如果它試圖擾亂谷歌的話,那么它幾乎完全依賴DNT默認(rèn)設(shè)置將成為常態(tài)。由此可知微軟將DNT作為瀏覽器默認(rèn)設(shè)置的目的并不是不記錄用戶的軌跡,而是想擾亂它的競爭者比如谷歌,所以偏離了DNT的初衷。故A項(xiàng)正確。
5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由題干定位到本文最后一句“BrendonLynch,Microsoft'schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:"webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol."Coulditreallybethatsimple?微軟首席隱私官BrendonLynch在博客中寫道:“我們相信消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該有更多的控制權(quán)?!闭娴挠心敲春唵螁?”從Coulditreallybethatsimple?可知作者是持懷疑態(tài)度。故B項(xiàng)正確。
2.單選題
Theirsecretsreturnedto______them12yearslaterwhenthebodieswerediscoveredburiedinthegrounds.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.highlight
B.forgo
C.foster
D.haunt
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)highlight“突出,強(qiáng)調(diào),使顯著”,B項(xiàng)forgo“放棄,停止,對(duì)……斷念”,C項(xiàng)foster“促進(jìn),撫育(他人子女一段時(shí)間)”,D項(xiàng)haunt“常出沒于……,縈繞于……,經(jīng)常去……”。該句的主語是theirsecrets“他們的秘密”,結(jié)合returnedto“回來”可知,用haunt表示“縈繞于……”符合語境。句意:12年后,當(dāng)尸體被發(fā)現(xiàn)埋在地下時(shí),他們的秘密再次困擾著他們。因此,該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。
3.翻譯題
諸位畢業(yè)同學(xué),你們現(xiàn)在要離開母校了,我沒有什么禮物送你們,只好送你們一句話罷。這一句話是“不要拋棄學(xué)問?!币郧暗墓φn也許有一大部分是為了這張畢業(yè)文憑,不得已而做的,從今以后,你們可以依自己的心愿去自由研究了。趁現(xiàn)在年富力強(qiáng)的時(shí)候,努力做一種專門學(xué)問。少年是一去不復(fù)返的,等到精力衰竭時(shí),要做學(xué)問也來不及了。即為吃飯計(jì),學(xué)問決不會(huì)辜負(fù)人的。吃飯而不求學(xué)問,三年五年之后,你們都要被后來少年淘汰掉的。到那時(shí)再想做點(diǎn)學(xué)問來補(bǔ)救,恐怕已太晚了。
有人說:“出去做事之后,生活急需解決,哪有工夫去讀書?即使要做學(xué)問,既沒有圖書館,又沒有實(shí)驗(yàn)室,哪能做學(xué)問?”
我要對(duì)你們說:凡是要等到有了圖書館才讀書的,有了圖書館也不肯讀書。凡是要等到有實(shí)驗(yàn)室方才做研究的,有了實(shí)驗(yàn)室也不肯做研究。你有了決心要研究一個(gè)問題,自然會(huì)撙衣節(jié)食去買書,自然會(huì)想出法子來設(shè)置儀器。
【答案】DearStudentsoftheGraduatingClass:AsyouareleavingyourAlmaMater,Ihavenothingtoofferyouasagiftexceptawordofadvice.Myadviceis,“Nevergiveupthepursuitoflearning.”Youhaveperhapsfinishedyourcollegecoursesmostlyforobtainingthediploma,or,inotherwords,outofsheernecessity.However,fromnowonyouarefreetofollowyourownbentinthechoiceofstudies.Whileyouareintheprimeoflife,whynotdevoteyourselvestoaspecialfieldofstudy?Youthwillsoonbegonenevertoreturn;anditwillbetoolateforyoutogointoscholarshipwheninyourdecliningyears.Knowledgewilldoyouagoodturnevenasameansofsubsistence.Ifyougiveupstudieswhileholdingajob,youwillinacoupleofyearshavehadyourselvesreplacedbyyoungerpeople.Itwillthenbetoolatetoremedythesituationbypickingupstudiesagain.
Some?people?say,?“Once?you?have?a?job,?youwill?come?up?against?the?urgentproblem?of?making?a?living.?How?can?you?manage?to?find?time?to?study??Even?if?you?want?to,?will?it?be?possible?with?no?library?or?no?laboratory?available?”
Nowletmetellyouthis.Thosewhorefusetostudyforlackofalibrarywillmostprobablycontinuetodosoeventhoughthereisalibrary.Andthosewhorefusetodoresearchforlackofalaboratorywillmostprobablycontinuetodosoeventhoughalaboratoryisavailable.Aslongasyousetyourmindonstudies,youwillnaturallycutdownonfoodandclothingtobuybooksordoeverythingpossibletoacquirenecessaryinstruments.
4.翻譯題
Onemightaskwhyspeculationispermittedwhenthereissorealadangerofloss.Thebasicreasonisthatspeculationcanperformusefulfunctionsintheeconomy.Buyingacommodityorthestockinthebeliefthatpriceswillrisespeedsmarketequilibriumandencouragesfasterentryofmoresuppliers.Ifthepricechangelaggeduntilafteranactualcommodityshortagehadoccurred,thefluctuationwouldprobablybesharperandmoresudden.Remedialsupplyactioncouldnotbefurtherdelayed.Similarly,ifspeculatorsforeseeasurplusinsomecommodity,theirsellingoffutureswillhelpdrivethepricedowntosomeextentbeforethesurplusactuallyoccurs.Whenspeculatorsforeseeashortageandbiduptheprice,theyarealsohelpingtoconservethepresentsupply.Asthepricegoesup,lessofthecommodityispurchased;ariseinpriceencouragesuserstoeconomize.Similarly,aloweringofpriceencouragesuserstobuymore,thushelpingtosellthesurpluswhichisdeveloping.
【答案】當(dāng)確實(shí)存在遭受損失的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí),人們不禁要問為什么允許進(jìn)行投機(jī)活動(dòng)。這其中根本的原因是投機(jī)能對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)產(chǎn)生有益作用。當(dāng)人們預(yù)期商品價(jià)格的上漲速度要超過市場平衡點(diǎn)時(shí),就會(huì)買入商品或股票并鼓勵(lì)更多的供應(yīng)商入市。如果價(jià)格的變化滯后,甚至在切實(shí)的商品短缺發(fā)生后,價(jià)格還沒有變化,價(jià)格波動(dòng)可能會(huì)更劇烈和更突然。調(diào)節(jié)性的供應(yīng)行為此時(shí)絲毫不能耽擱。同樣,如果投機(jī)商預(yù)測(cè)到某些商品會(huì)供應(yīng)過量,這時(shí)他們?nèi)绻u出期貨將有助于在切實(shí)的商品供應(yīng)過量發(fā)生前將價(jià)格下調(diào)到一定水平。當(dāng)投機(jī)商預(yù)測(cè)到商品會(huì)短缺并通過競標(biāo)抬高價(jià)格時(shí),他們也在幫助囤積當(dāng)前的商品供應(yīng)。隨著價(jià)格的上漲,人們購買的商品量就會(huì)減少;價(jià)格的上漲鼓勵(lì)人們節(jié)約。同樣,降低價(jià)格將會(huì)鼓勵(lì)使用者購買更多的商品,進(jìn)而有助于將正在形成供應(yīng)過量的商品銷售出去。
5.單選題
Whenimaginativementurntheireyestowardsspaceandwonderwhetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheerthemselvesbyrememberingthatlifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.Marslooksliketileonlyplanetwherelifelikeourscouldexist,andeventhisisdoubtful.ButtheremaybemilerkindsoflifebasedonotherkindsofchemistryandtheymaymultiplyonVenususorJupiter.Atleastwecannotproveatpresentthattheydonot.
Evenmoreinterestingisthepossibilitythatlifeontheirplanetsmaybeinamoreadvancedstageofevolution.Present-daymanisinapeculiarandprobablytemporarystage.Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives.Butman'ssocietiesarealreadysufficientlydevelopedtohaveenormouslymorepowerandeffectivenessthantheindividualshave.
Itisnotlikelythatthistransitionalsituationwillcontinueverytongortheevolutionarytimescale.Fiftythousand,yearsfromnowman'ssocietiesmayhavebecomesoclose-knitthattheindividualsretainnosenseofseparatepersonality.Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion.
Theexplorers-ofspaceshouldbepreparedforsomesuchsituation.Iftheyarriveonaforeignplanetthathasreachedanadvancedstage(andthisisbynomeansimpossible),theymayfinditbeinginhabitedbyasinglelargeorganismcomposedofmanycloselycooperatingunits.
Theunitsmaybe"'secondary,'"machinescreatedmillionsofyearsagobyapreviousformoflifeandgiventhewillandability'tosurviveandreproduce.Theymaybebuiltentirelyofmetalsandotherdurablematerials,ifthisisthecase,theymaybemuchmoretolerantoftheirenvironmentmultiplyingunderconditionsthatwoulddestroyimmediatelyanyorganismmadeofcarboncompoundanddependentonthefamiliarcarboncycle.
Suchcreaturesmightberelicsofapastage,manymillionsofyearsago,whentheirplanetwasfavorabletotheoriginoflifeortheymightbeimmigrantsfromafavoredplanet.
1.Whatdoestheword"cheer"(Para.1,Line2)imply?
2.HumansonEartharecharacterizedby()
.
3.Accordingtothispassage,somepeoplebelievethateventually()
.
4.Evenmostimaginativepeoplehavetoadmitthat().
5.Itseemsthatthewriter()
.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Imaginativemenaresureofsuccessinfindinglifeonotherplanets.
B.Imaginativemenaredelightedtofindlifeonotherplanets.
C.Imaginativemenarehappytofindadifferentkindoflifeexistingonotherplanets.
D.Imaginativemencanbepleasedwiththeideathattheremightexistdifferentformsoflifeonotherplanets.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.theirexistenceasfreeandseparatebeings
B.theircapabilityoflivingunderfavorableconditions
C.theirgreatpowerandeffectiveness
D.theirstrongdesireforlivinginaclose-knitsociety
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.humansocietieswillbemuchmorecooperative
B.manwillliveinahighlyorganizedworld
C.machineswilltakecontroloverman
D.livingbeingswilldisappearfromEarth
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.humansocietiesareasadvancedasthoseonsomeotherplanets
B.planetsotherthanEartharenotsuitableforlifelikeourstostay
C.itisdifficulttodistinguishbetweenorganicpartsandinorganicpartsofthehumanbody
D.organismsaremorecreativethanmachines
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.isinterestedintheimaginarylifeforms
B.iseagertofindadifferentformoflife
C.iscertainoftheexistenceofanewlifeform
D.iscriticaloftheimaginativepeople
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:A
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:A
【解析】第1題:根據(jù)第一段的第一句“...whetherlifeexistsinanypartofit,theymaycheer...lifeneednotresemblecloselythelifethatexistsonEarth.”當(dāng)富有想象力的人們將目光投向太空,想知道生命是否存在于其它地方時(shí),他們可能會(huì)因?yàn)橄氲缴灰欢ㄒc地球上存在的生命相同而感到歡欣鼓舞。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。
第2題:根據(jù)第二段的第二、三句“Hisindividualunitsretainastrongsenseofpersonality.Theyare,infact,stillcapableunderfavorablecircumstancesofleadingindividuallives."個(gè)體保持著強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)性。事實(shí)上,在有利的環(huán)境下,他們?nèi)匀挥心芰^個(gè)人生活。說明地球上的人們是自由存在的個(gè)體,選項(xiàng)A符合原文。
第3題:根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Amillionyearsfurtheronmanandhismachinesmayhavemergedascloselyasthemusclesofthehumanbodyandthenervecellsthatsettheminmotion.”100萬年后,人類和他的機(jī)器可能“融合得像人體肌肉和驅(qū)動(dòng)肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)的神經(jīng)細(xì)胞一樣緊密”。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。
第4題:根據(jù)第三段“Thenlittledistinctionwillremainbetweentheorganicpartsofthemultipleorganismandtheinorganicparts(machines)thathavebeenconstructedbyit.”那么多有機(jī)體的有機(jī)部分和由它構(gòu)成的無機(jī)物(機(jī)器)之間就沒有什么區(qū)別了。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。
第5題:選項(xiàng)A對(duì)想象中的生命形式感興趣;選項(xiàng)B渴望尋找不同的生命形式;選項(xiàng)C認(rèn)為一定存在某種新的生命形式;選項(xiàng)D批判富有想象力的人。根據(jù)全文可以推斷,選項(xiàng)A更符合原文。
6.單選題
Atdusk,Mr.Hightowerwouldsitinhisoldarmchairinthebackyardandwistfullyloseinreminiscenceofhisyouthromances.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.hopefully
B.reflectively
C.sympathetically
D.irresistibly
【答案】A
【解析】考查副詞辨析。wistfully在句中是“渴望地,希望地”;A選項(xiàng)hopefully“希望地”;B選項(xiàng)reflectively“沉思地”;C選項(xiàng)sympathetically“同情地,憐憫地”;D選項(xiàng)irresistibly“不可抗拒地”。句意:黃昏時(shí)分,海托先生會(huì)坐在后院的舊扶手椅上渴望沉浸在他青春戀情的回憶中。根據(jù)選項(xiàng),只有A項(xiàng)符合。
7.單選題
Inourculture,thesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof“mastery”—feelingimportantandworthwhileandthesourcesofwhatwecallasenseof“pleasure”findinglifeenjoyable—arenotalwaystheidentical.Womenoftenaretold“Youcan’thaveitall.”Sometimeswhatthespeakerreallyissayingis:“Youchoseacareer,soyoucan’texpecttohavecloserrelationshipsorahappyfamilylife.”or“Youhaveawonderfulhusbandandchildren—What’sallthisaboutwantingacareer?”Butwomenneedtounderstandanddevelopbothaspectsofwell-being,iftheyaretofeelgoodaboutthemselves.
Ourstudyshowsthat,forwomen,well-beinghastwodimensions.Oneismastery,whichincludesself-esteem,asenseofcontroloveryourlife,andlowlevelsofanxietyanddepression.Masteryiscloselyrelatedtothe“doing”sideoflife,toworkandactivity.Pleasureistheotherdimensions,anditiscomposedofhappiness,satisfactionandoptimism.Itistiedmorecloselytothe“feeling”sideoflife.Thetwoareindependentofeachother.Awomanwhohasagoodjob,butwhosemotherhasjustdied,mightbefeelingverygoodaboutherselfandincontrolofherworklife,butthepleasuresidecouldbedamagedforatime.
Theconceptsofmasteryandpleasurecanhelpusidentifythesourcesofwell-beingforwomen,andremedypastmistakes.Inthepast,womenwereencouragedtolookonlyatthefeelingsideoflifeasthesourceofallwell-being.Butweknowthatbothmasteryandpleasurearecritical.Andmasteryseemstobeachievedlargelythroughwork.Inourstudy,allthegroupsofemployedwomenratedsignificantlyhigherinmasterythandidwomenwhowerenotemployed.
Awoman’swell-beingisenhancedwhenshetakesonmultipleroles.Atleastbymiddleadulthood,thewomenwhowereinvolvedinacombinationofroles—marriages,motherhood,andemployment—werethehighestinwell-being,despitewarningsaboutstressandstrain.
1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat____.
2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardswomenhavingacareeris____.
3.Onecanconcludefromthepassagethatifawomantakesonseveralsocialroles,____.
4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeidentifiedasasourceof“pleasure”forwomen?
5.Themostappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe____.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.forwomen,asenseof“mastery”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“pleasure”
B.forwomen,asenseof“pleasure”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“mastery”
C.womencan’thaveasenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”atthesametime
D.asenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”arebothindispensabletowomen
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.critical
B.positive
C.neutral
D.realistic
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.itwillbeeasierforhertoovercomestressandstrain
B.shewillbemoresuccessfulinhercareer
C.herchancesofgettingpromotedwillbegreater
D.herlifewillbericherandmoremeaningful
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Familylife.
B.Regularemployment.
C.Multiplerolesinsociety.
D.Freedomfromanxiety.
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.Thewell-beingofCareerWomen
B.SourcesofMasteryandPleasure
C.TwoAspectsofWomen’sWell-being
D.MultipleRolesofWomeninSociety
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:A
第5題:C
【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat____.從第一段可以推斷出____。
A.forwomen,asenseof“mastery”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“pleasure”A.對(duì)女人來說,“掌控感”比“愉悅感”更重要
B.forwomen,asenseof“pleasure”ismoreimportantthanasenseof“mastery”B.對(duì)女人來說,“愉悅感”比“掌控感”更重要
C.womencan’thaveasenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”atthesametimeC.女人不可能同時(shí)擁有“掌控感”和“愉悅感”
D.asenseof“mastery”andasenseof“pleasure”arebothindispensabletowomenD.“掌控感”和“愉悅感”對(duì)女人來說都是不可或缺的
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)出處提示詞Paragraph1與題干信息可定位到第一段最后“但是,如果女性想要自我感覺良好,她們需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面(womenneedtounderstandanddevelopbothaspectsofwell-being)。”這兩個(gè)方面指的就是掌控感和愉悅感,由此可推斷這兩者對(duì)女性都是不可或缺的。因此選D。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)女人來說,‘掌控感’比‘愉悅感’更重要”,原文意思是兩者都很重要,并沒有比較誰比誰更重要,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷;
B選項(xiàng)“對(duì)女人來說,‘愉悅感’比‘掌控感’更重要”,原文意思是兩者都很重要,并沒有比較誰比誰更重要,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷;
C選項(xiàng)“女人不可能同時(shí)擁有‘掌控感’和‘愉悅感’”,第一段提到“但是,如果女性想要自我感覺良好,她們需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面?!闭f明女性是可以擁有二者的,該選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反,屬于反向干擾。
2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Theauthor’sattitudetowardswomenhavingacareeris____.作者對(duì)女性職業(yè)的態(tài)度是____。
A.criticalA.批判的
B.positiveB.積極的
C.neutralC.中立的
D.realisticD.現(xiàn)實(shí)的
【答案】B
【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到倒數(shù)第二段“但我們知道,掌控和愉悅都是至關(guān)重要的。掌控似乎很大程度上是通過工作獲得的。在我們的研究中,所有被雇傭的女性比沒有被雇傭的女性在掌控能力上的得分要高得多。”以及最后一段第一句“當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí),她的幸福感會(huì)得到提升?!庇纱丝赏茢嘧髡邔?duì)女性有一份工作的態(tài)度是積極的。因此選B。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“批判的”,與作者態(tài)度相反,該選項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾;
C、D選項(xiàng)曲解原文,屬于過度推斷。
3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Onecanconcludefromthepassagethatifawomantakesonseveralsocialroles,____.我們可以從文章中得出結(jié)論,如果一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)了幾個(gè)社會(huì)角色,____。
A.itwillbeeasierforhertoovercomestressandstrainA.她會(huì)更容易克服壓力和緊張
B.shewillbemoresuccessfulinhercareerB.她會(huì)在事業(yè)上更成功
C.herchancesofgettingpromotedwillbegreaterC.她升職的機(jī)會(huì)更大
D.herlifewillbericherandmoremeaningfulD.她的生活會(huì)更豐富,更有意義
【答案】D
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到最后一段“當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí),她的幸福感會(huì)得到提升(Awoman’swell-beingisenhancedwhenshetakesonmultipleroles)。盡管有壓力和緊張的警告,但至少在中年,那些身兼多種角色——婚姻、母親和工作——的女性幸福感最高?!币簿褪钦f當(dāng)一個(gè)女人承擔(dān)多個(gè)角色時(shí),她的幸福感會(huì)很高。由此可推斷她的生活更加有意義。因此選D。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“她會(huì)更容易克服壓力和緊張”,文章最后一段提到“盡管有壓力和緊張的警告,但至少在中年,那些身兼多種角色——婚姻、母親和工作——的女性幸福感最高?!敝皇钦f承擔(dān)多種角色時(shí),女性有壓力警告,并沒有說會(huì)更容易克服壓力,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷;
B選項(xiàng)“她會(huì)在事業(yè)上更成功”,文章沒有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有;
C選項(xiàng)“她升職的機(jī)會(huì)更大”,文章沒有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷。
4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Whichofthefollowingcanbeidentifiedasasourceof“pleasure”forwomen?以下哪一項(xiàng)可以被認(rèn)為是女性“快樂”的來源?
A.Familylife.A.家庭生活。
B.Regularemployment.B.固定雇用。
C.Multiplerolesinsociety.C.社會(huì)中的多種角色。
D.Freedomfromanxiety.D.免于焦慮。
【答案】A
【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。
【解題思路】根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段第四句“快樂是另一個(gè)維度,它由幸福、滿足和樂觀組成。它更緊密地與生活的‘感覺’方面聯(lián)系在一起(Itistiedmorecloselytothe‘feeling’sideoflife)?!庇纱丝赏茢啵鞓放c生活相聯(lián)系,因此選A。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
B選項(xiàng)“固定雇用。”,文章第二段提及“掌控與生活、工作和活動(dòng)中‘做’的一面密切相關(guān)。”,由此可知工作與掌控有關(guān),而不是與快樂有關(guān),該選項(xiàng)屬于張冠李戴;
C選項(xiàng)“社會(huì)中的多種角色?!保闹兄皇钦f多種角色會(huì)讓幸福感提升,而不是幸福的來源,該選項(xiàng)屬于過度推斷;
D選項(xiàng)“免于焦慮?!保闹袥]有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。
5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】
Themostappropriatetitleforthepassagewouldbe____.這篇文章最合適的標(biāo)題是____。
A.Thewell-beingofCareerWomenA.職業(yè)女性的幸福
B.SourcesofMasteryandPleasureB.掌控和快樂的源泉
C.TwoAspectsofWomen’sWell-beingC.婦女福祉的兩個(gè)方面
D.MultipleRolesofWomeninSociety
D.婦女在社會(huì)中的多重角色
【答案】C
【考查點(diǎn)】主旨大意題。
【解題思路】文章第一段講了掌控感和幸福感是女性需要了解和發(fā)展幸福的兩個(gè)方面;文章第二段分別解釋了掌控感和幸福感分別與工作和生活聯(lián)系;文章第三段講了掌控和愉悅都是至關(guān)重要的;文章最后一段講身兼多個(gè)角色的女性幸福感會(huì)很高。綜合全文,文章主要講了女性幸福感的兩個(gè)方面。因此選C。
【干擾項(xiàng)排除】
A選項(xiàng)“職業(yè)女性的幸?!?,文章并沒有特指職業(yè)女性的幸福,該選項(xiàng)屬于以偏概全;
B選項(xiàng)“掌控和快樂的源泉”,文章第二段提到了掌控和快樂的源泉,但是是對(duì)文章的片面概況,屬于以偏概全;
D選項(xiàng)“婦女在社會(huì)中的多重角色”,文章沒有提及,該選項(xiàng)屬于無中生有。
8.填空題
Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.NoschoolI
havetaughthaseverignoredspellingorconsidereditunimportantasabasicskill.
A
B
C
D
【答案】Chavetaught改為havetaughtin
【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】從句。
【解題思路】Ihavetaught是修飾school的定語從句,從句的完整句子為Ihavetaughtinschool,當(dāng)school作為先行詞放于從句之前時(shí),介詞應(yīng)該保留,因此C部分應(yīng)為havetaughtin。
【句意】家長們普遍認(rèn)為學(xué)校不再重視拼寫。我所任教的學(xué)校從來沒有忽視過拼寫,或認(rèn)為拼寫是一項(xiàng)基本技能,根本不重要。
9.單選題
Columbuswas______histimesinhisbeliefthattheEarthwasround.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.infrontof
B.inadvanceof
C.before
D.aheadof
【答案】D
【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)infrontof“在……前面”,指在某地方之外的前面;B選項(xiàng)inadvanceof“預(yù)先”,表示預(yù)先、提前做某事;C選項(xiàng)before“在……之前”,指空間位置或時(shí)間的之前;D選項(xiàng)aheadof“領(lǐng)先”,表示領(lǐng)先于某物。句意:哥倫布認(rèn)為地球是圓的,這走在了他那個(gè)時(shí)代的前面。本句表示領(lǐng)先于時(shí)代。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
10.單選題
Lateron,inthebarourEuropeanacquaintancecommentedthatwewereindeedconsiderablybetteroffthanthelocalpeoplethoughperhapsnotthreetimesaswelloff,whichiswhatthedifferenceinroompricessuggested.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Lateron
B.considerablybetteroff
C.notthreetimesaswell
D.differenceinroompricessuggested.
E.沒有錯(cuò)誤
【答案】D
【解析】語法題。時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤。Suggested改為Suggests。Whichiswhatthedifferenceinroompricessuggested,這是一個(gè)定語從句,其中又有一個(gè)表語從句。定語從句中的系動(dòng)詞is是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),因此表語從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該為現(xiàn)在時(shí),即suggests。
11.翻譯題
Putthefollowing3ChinesesentencesintoEnglishand3EnglishsentencesintoChinese.
沒有永遠(yuǎn)的優(yōu)點(diǎn),也沒有永遠(yuǎn)的缺點(diǎn)。這篇文章告訴我們,對(duì)待優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)應(yīng)當(dāng)采取客觀的態(tài)度。具體地說,盲目地崇拜他人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)必定會(huì)傷害我們的自信,而完全忽略自身缺點(diǎn)則會(huì)導(dǎo)致自負(fù)??偠灾?,兩種極端都會(huì)使我們失去充分發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)的機(jī)會(huì)。因此,我們需要找到合適的方法釋放自己的優(yōu)勢(shì),并且把暫吋的缺點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)化成優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
數(shù)字表明自我雇傭的英國人大多為男性,工作的吋間比全職工作的員工長而且賺得少。事實(shí)上,2007至2016期間,自我雇傭者的實(shí)際薪水要比受雇傭員工下降得更快。這或許能解釋為何英國近幾年的生產(chǎn)率提高速度如同蝸牛爬行。
對(duì)于以音樂為愛好的研究者來說,音樂有助于他們的研究。把他們的頭腦從實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)密性以及數(shù)據(jù)的乏味中解脫出來,使之徜徉在韻律與節(jié)奏的世界里會(huì)幫助他發(fā)揮科學(xué)創(chuàng)造性。一位研宄者發(fā)現(xiàn),令人滿意的表演持續(xù)幾天甚至僅幾個(gè)小吋之后,常給他開展研究的靈感。
USmilitaryhasbegundeployingamissiledefensesysteminSouthKorea.TheTHAADsystemisdesignedtoshootdownincomingmissiles.Chinasaysitwilltakeunspecifiedmeasuresagainstit.AndmanyKoreanandChineseareirritatedandtheyhavebeenprotestingagainstSouthKorea'sirresponsibleactionofthisdeployment.
Insomecases,alongerresumemightbeinorder.Forexample,graphicdesignersorvisualartistsmightbenefitfromcreatinganillustratedresume,andacademics,researchers,orlong-timeexecutivesmayneedmorethanonepagetocapturethebreadthoftheirexperience.Butingeneral,it'sbesttoavoidoverburdeningbusyrecruiterswitharesumethatdragsonandon.
Chinaiscomingupwithfinancialincentivestoencouragecouplestohaveasecondchild,assurveysshowmanyarereluctanttoexpandtheirfamiliesduetoeconomicconstraints.AnofficeroftheNationalHealthandFamilyPlanningCommissionrevealedthepotentialmoveatasocialwelfareconference."TohaveasecondchildistherightofeachfamilyinChina,butaffordabilityhasbecomeabottleneckthatunderminethedecision,"hesaid.
【答案】Therearenopermanentmeritsordefects.Thisarticletellsusthatweshouldtreatthesemeritsanddefectsobjectively.Specifically,itwouldhurtourself-confidencetoadmireother’smeritsblindly,whilecompletelyignoringourownshortcomingswillleadtoself-esteem.Inshort,wewouldloseouropportunitiestogivefullplaytoouradvantagesbecauseoftheseextremes.Therefore,weneedtofindappropriatewaystoreleaseouradvantagesandturnthetemporarydefectsintodefects.
Thefiguresshowthatmostself-employedBritonsaremen.Theself-employedworklongerhoursandearnlessthanthefull-timeemployees.Actually,therealsalaryofself-employedfellfasterthanthatofemployedemployeesbetween2007and2016.ThismayexplainwhyBritonproductivityhasgrownatsnail’spaceinrecentyears.
Forresearcherinterestedinmusic,musicishelpfultotheirresearch.Releasingtheirmindsfromthestructuralrigoroftheexperimentandthetediousdata,toroamtheworldfullofrhythmwouldbeusefulforhimtoplayscientificcreativity.Oneresearcherfoundthatasatisfactoryperformanceoftenlastedforafewdaysorevenafterseveralhours,andofteninspiredhimtodoresearch.
美國軍方已開始在韓國部署導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)。薩德系統(tǒng)旨在擊落來襲導(dǎo)彈。中國將采取一定措施表示反對(duì)。許多韓國人和中國人都很憤怒,他們一直在抗議韓國不負(fù)責(zé)任的部署行動(dòng)。
在某些情況下,可能需要篇幅長的簡歷達(dá)到整齊美觀效果。例如,平面設(shè)計(jì)師或視覺藝術(shù)家可能會(huì)從制作帶插圖的簡歷中獲益,而學(xué)者、研究人員或資深管理人員可能需要一頁以上的頁面來展示他們的豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)。但總的來說,最好避免給讓招聘人員在一份冗長拖沓的簡歷上花費(fèi)過多的精力。
中國正在考慮鼓勵(lì)夫婦生育二胎的經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì)措施,因?yàn)檎{(diào)查顯示,由于經(jīng)濟(jì)限制,許多人不愿擴(kuò)大家庭成員。國家衛(wèi)生和計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)一位官員在一次社會(huì)福利會(huì)議上透露了這一潛在的舉措。他說,“在中國,生第二個(gè)孩子是每個(gè)家庭的權(quán)利,但負(fù)擔(dān)能力卻成了阻礙這個(gè)決定的瓶頸?!?/p>
12.單選題
Hesaiditwasimportanttoputinthehours,butitwasnotjustthehoursthat(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.affected
B.counted
C.focused
D.faltered
【答案】B
【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。affect“影響,感染,感動(dòng)”;count“計(jì)算,認(rèn)為,起作用,值得考慮”;focus“使集中,使聚焦”;falter“支吾地說,畏縮,蹣跚”。根據(jù)句意‘他說,投入時(shí)間是重要的,但是(
)不只是時(shí)間?!_定B選項(xiàng)count“起作用”正確。
13.單選題
Themicroscopecan(
)theobject100timesindiameter.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.magnify
B.increase
C.develop
D.multiply
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。magnify“放大,擴(kuò)大”;increase“增加”;develop“發(fā)展,開發(fā)”;multiply“增加,繁殖”。句意:顯微鏡可以把一個(gè)物體的直徑放大一百倍。A項(xiàng)符合題意。
14.單選題
Ifoundtherewasalotof(
)theftinthisarea.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.petty
B.pretty
C.major
D.peril
【答案】A
【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)petty“瑣碎的,小規(guī)模的”;B選項(xiàng)pretty“漂亮的”;C選項(xiàng)major“主要的”;D選項(xiàng)peril“危及,置...于險(xiǎn)境”。句意:我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)地區(qū)有很多小規(guī)模的偷盜行為。選項(xiàng)A更符合語境。
15.單選題
Theslowpaceofjobcreationwaswithoutprecedentfortheperiodonrecoveryfromarecession,buttheconditionsthatconspiredtocausetherecessionwerealso_______.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.heartening
B.fascinating
C.ambiguous
D.atypical
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)heartening“鼓舞人心的”;B選項(xiàng)fascinating“吸引人的”;C選項(xiàng)ambiguous“不明確的;模棱兩可的”;D選項(xiàng)atypical“不合規(guī)則的”。句意:在從衰退中復(fù)蘇的時(shí)期,創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的緩慢步伐史無前例,但導(dǎo)致衰退的條件也______。根據(jù)also得出在把創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)的步伐和導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的條件相提并論,所以答案和withoutprecedent“史無前例”相對(duì)應(yīng),atypical“不合規(guī)則的”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
16.單選題
Scienceandtechnologyactuallyhelpto()theusefulandpleasantpartsoftraditionalculture.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.preserve
B.prevail
C.reserve
D.precede
【答案】A
【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:科學(xué)技術(shù)實(shí)際上有助于保存?zhèn)鹘y(tǒng)文化中有用的和討人喜歡的部分。選項(xiàng)中只有A和C有保留,保存的意思
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