考研考博-英語(yǔ)-保定理工學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-保定理工學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

（

）wecontinuetoworkhard,wecanfinishthetaskaheadofschedule.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Assoonas

B.Asfaras

C.Solongas

D.Sofaras

【答案】C

【解析】考察固定搭配。assoonas一…就；asfaras至于；sofaras到目前為止；solongas“只要”，句意：我們只要繼續(xù)努力工作，就能在計(jì)劃之前完成工作。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

2.單選題

TheUniversityinTransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturistsSohailInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highlyvariedoutlooksontomorrow’suniversitiesbywritersrepresentingbothWesternandnon-Westernperspectives.Theiressaysraiseabroadrangeofissues,questioningnearlyeverykeyassumptionwehaveabouthighereducationtoday.

ThemostwidelydiscussedalternativetothetraditionalcampusistheInternetUniversity—avoluntarycommunityscholars/teachersphysicallyscatteredthroughoutacountryoraroundtheworldbutalllinkedincyberspace.Acomputerizeduniversitycouldhavemanyadvantages,suchaseasyscheduling,efficientdeliveryoflecturestothousandsorevenmillionsofstudentsatonce,andreadyaccessforstudentseverywheretotheresourcesofalltheworld’sgreatlibraries.

YettheInternetUniversityposesdangers,too.Forexample,alineoffranchisedcourseware,producedbyafewsuperstarteachers,marketedunderthebrandnameofafamousinstitution,andheavilyadvertised,mighteventuallycometodominatetheglobaleducationmarket,warnssociologyprofessorPeterManicasoftheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa.Besidesenforcingarigidlystandardizedcurriculum,sucha“collegeeducationinabox”couldunderselltheofferingsofmanytraditionalbrickandmortarinstitutions,effectivelydrivingthemoutofbusinessandthrowingthousandsofcareeracademicsoutofwork,noteAustraliancommunicationsprofessorsDavidRooneyandGregHearn.

Ontheotherhand,whileglobalconnectivityseemshighlylikelytoplaysomesignificantroleinfuturehighereducation,thatdoesnotmeangreateruniformityincoursecontent—orotherdangers—willnecessarilyfollow.Counter-movementsarealsoatwork.

Manyinacademia,includingscholarscontributingtothisvolume,arequestioningthefundamentalmissionofuniversityeducation.Whatif,forinstance,insteadofreceivingprimarilytechnicaltrainingandbuildingtheirindividualcareers,universitystudentsandprofessorscouldfocustheirlearningandresearcheffortsonexistingproblemsintheirlocalcommunitiesandtheworld?FeministscholarIvanaMilojevicdarestodreamwhatauniversitymightbecome“ifwebelievedthatchild-careworkersandteachersinearlychildhoodeducationshouldbeoneofthehighest(ratherthanlowest)paidprofessionals?”

Co-editorJenniferGidleyshowshowtomorrow’suniversityfaculty,insteadofgivinglecturesandconductingindependentresearch,maytakeonthreenewroles.Somewouldactasbrokers,assemblingcustomizeddegree-creditprogrammesforindividualstudentsbymixingandmatchingthebestcourseofferingsavailablefrominstitutionsallaroundtheworld.Asecondgroup,mentors,wouldfunctionmuchliketoday’sfacultyadvisers,butarelikelytobeworkingwithmanymorestudentsoutsidetheirownacademicspecialty.Thiswouldrequirethemtoconstantlybelearningfromtheirstudentsaswellasinstructingthem.

Athirdnewroleforfaculty,andinGidley’sviewthemostchallengingandrewardingofall,wouldbeasmeaning-makers:charismaticsagesandpractitionersleadinggroupsofstudentscolleaguesincollaborativeeffortstofindspiritualaswellasrationalandtechnologicalsolutionstospecificreal-worldproblems.

Moreover,thereseemslittlereasontosupposethatanyoneformofuniversitymustnecessarilydriveoutallotheroptions.Studentsmaybe“enrolled”incoursesofferedatvirtualcampusesontheInternet,between—orevenduring—sessionsatarealworldproblemfocusedinstitution.

Asco-editorSohailInayatullahpointsoutinhisintroduction,nofutureisinevitable,andtheveryactofimaginingandthinkingthroughalternativepossibilitiescandirectlyaffecthowthoughtfully,creativelyandurgentlyevenadominanttechnologyisadaptedandapplied.Eveninacademia,thefuturebelongstothosewhocareenoughtoworktheirvisionsintopractical,sustainablerealities.

1.WhenthebookreviewerdiscussestheInternetUniversity,______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTseenasapotentialdangeroftheInternetUniversity?

3.Accordingtothereview,whatisthefundamentalmissionoftraditionaluniversityeducation?

4.Judgingfromthethreenewrolesenvisionedfortomorrow’suniversityfaculty,universityteachers_______.

5.Whichcategoryofwritingdoesthereviewbelongto?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.heisinfavourofit

B.hisviewisbalanced

C.heisslightlycriticalofit

D.heisstronglycriticalofit

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Internet-basedcoursesmaybelesscostlythantraditionalones.

B.Teachersintraditionalinstitutionsmaylosetheirjobs.

C.Internet-basedcoursewaremaylackvarietyincoursecontent.

D.TheInternetUniversitymayproduceteacherswithalotofpublicity.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Knowledgelearningandcareerbuilding.

B.Learninghowtosolveexistingsocialproblems.

C.Researchingintosolutionstocurrentworldproblems.

D.Combingresearcheffortsofteachersandstudentsinlearning.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.arerequiredtoconductmoreindependentresearch

B.arerequiredtooffermorecoursestotheirstudents

C.aresupposedtoassumemoredemandingduties

D.aresupposedtosupervisemorestudentsintheirspecialty

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Narration.

B.Description.

C.Persuasion.

D.Exposition.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.WhenthebookreviewerdiscussestheInternetUniversity,______.1.當(dāng)書評(píng)人討論互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大學(xué)時(shí)，______。

A.heisinfavourofitA.他是贊成的

B.hisviewisbalancedB.他的觀點(diǎn)是中立的

C.heisslightlycriticalofitC.他有點(diǎn)批評(píng)

D.heisstronglycriticalofitD.他強(qiáng)烈批評(píng)

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)原文第二段的內(nèi)容“最廣泛討論的傳統(tǒng)校園的替代方案是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大學(xué)，這是一個(gè)自愿的社區(qū)，學(xué)者或教師分散在世界各地，但因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)絡(luò)空間聯(lián)系在一起。一所計(jì)算機(jī)化的大學(xué)有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)……”可知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的大學(xué)有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，而從第三段第一句“然而，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大學(xué)也帶來(lái)了危險(xiǎn)”可知，書評(píng)人也講述到了網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)的弊端，因此在講到網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)時(shí)，書評(píng)人從正反兩面都對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)做出了評(píng)判，因此他的觀點(diǎn)比較中立，故本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“他是贊成的”和C項(xiàng)“他有點(diǎn)批評(píng)”由解題思路可知，這兩項(xiàng)都比較片面，屬于以偏概全；

D項(xiàng)“他強(qiáng)烈批評(píng)”由解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)表述與原文不符，屬于曲解原文。

2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTseenasapotentialdangeroftheInternetUniversity?2.以下哪項(xiàng)不被認(rèn)為是網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)的潛在危險(xiǎn)？

A.Internet-basedcoursesmaybelesscostlythantraditionalones.A.基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的課程可能比傳統(tǒng)課程更便宜。

B.Teachersintraditionalinstitutionsmaylosetheirjobs.B.傳統(tǒng)機(jī)構(gòu)的教師可能會(huì)失業(yè)。

C.Internet-basedcoursewaremaylackvarietyincoursecontent.C.基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的課件在課程內(nèi)容上缺乏多樣性。

D.TheInternetUniversitymayproduceteacherswithalotofpublicity.D.網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量明星教師。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞potentialdanger定位至第三段“然而，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大學(xué)也帶來(lái)了危險(xiǎn)。例如，馬諾阿夏威夷大學(xué)的社會(huì)學(xué)教授PeterManicas警告說(shuō)，一個(gè)由幾位超級(jí)明星所生產(chǎn)的專賣課件，在一家著名機(jī)構(gòu)的品牌下銷售，并被大量宣傳，最終可能會(huì)主導(dǎo)全球教育市場(chǎng)。澳大利亞傳播學(xué)教授DavidRooney和GregHearn指出，除了實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化課程外，這種‘盒子里的大學(xué)教育’還可能低估許多傳統(tǒng)實(shí)體學(xué)校提供的課程，有效地將它們趕出企業(yè)，并使數(shù)千名職業(yè)學(xué)者失業(yè)?！笨芍W(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)的潛在威脅包括1.實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化課程導(dǎo)致在內(nèi)容上缺乏多樣性；2.大量傳統(tǒng)教師失業(yè)；3.產(chǎn)生超級(jí)明星教師主導(dǎo)全球教育市場(chǎng)。原文著重在第三段描述了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)大學(xué)可能帶來(lái)的危害，其中未提及A項(xiàng)“基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的課程可能比傳統(tǒng)課程更便宜”是網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)的潛在危險(xiǎn)，符合題干要求，因此該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“傳統(tǒng)機(jī)構(gòu)的教師可能會(huì)失業(yè)”、C項(xiàng)“基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的課件在課程內(nèi)容上缺乏多樣性”和D項(xiàng)“網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量明星教師”由解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)大學(xué)的潛在危險(xiǎn)，不符合題干要求，屬于反向干擾。

3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Accordingtothereview,whatisthefundamentalmissionoftraditionaluniversityeducation?3.根據(jù)書評(píng)，傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)教育的根本使命是什么？

A.Knowledgelearningandcareerbuilding.A.知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)和職業(yè)建設(shè)。

B.Learninghowtosolveexistingsocialproblems.B.學(xué)習(xí)如何解決現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。

C.Researchingintosolutionstocurrentworldproblems.C.研究解決當(dāng)前世界問(wèn)題的方法。

D.Combingresearcheffortsofteachersandstudentsinlearning.D.結(jié)合教師和學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中的研究努力。

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞thefundamentalmission定位至第五段第一二句“許多學(xué)術(shù)界人士，包括為本書撰稿的學(xué)者，都在質(zhì)疑大學(xué)教育的根本使命。如果大學(xué)生和教授不接受主要的技術(shù)培訓(xùn)和建立個(gè)人職業(yè)生涯（receivingprimarilytechnicaltrainingandbuildingtheirindividualcareers），而是把他們的學(xué)習(xí)和研究努力集中在他們當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和世界上現(xiàn)有的問(wèn)題上會(huì)怎么樣？”可知，傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)主要是接受技術(shù)培訓(xùn)和建立自己的職業(yè)生涯。由此可知，傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)的基本使命是學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)和技能培訓(xùn)。故本題正確答案為A選項(xiàng)“知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)和職業(yè)建設(shè)”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)如何解決現(xiàn)有的社會(huì)問(wèn)題”、C項(xiàng)“研究解決當(dāng)前世界問(wèn)題的方法”和D項(xiàng)“結(jié)合教師和學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中的研究努力”由解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)不是傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)的根本使命，屬于曲解原文。

4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Judgingfromthethreenewrolesenvisionedfortomorrow’suniversityfaculty,universityteachers_______.4.從未來(lái)大學(xué)教師的三個(gè)新角色來(lái)看，大學(xué)教師_______。

A.arerequiredtoconductmoreindependentresearchA.需要進(jìn)行更多的獨(dú)立研究

B.arerequiredtooffermorecoursestotheirstudentsB.需要為學(xué)生提供更多的課程

C.aresupposedtoassumemoredemandingdutiesC.應(yīng)該承擔(dān)更苛刻的職責(zé)

D.aresupposedtosupervisemorestudentsintheirspecialtyD.應(yīng)該在他們的專業(yè)上指導(dǎo)更多的學(xué)生

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干可定位到原文第六到第七段，這兩段分別對(duì)未來(lái)大學(xué)教師所扮演的幾種角色進(jìn)行了介紹。根據(jù)原文第六段第二句“有些人將扮演經(jīng)紀(jì)人的角色，通過(guò)整合世界各地機(jī)構(gòu)提供的最佳課程，為每個(gè)學(xué)生提供定制的學(xué)位學(xué)分課程”可知，未來(lái)對(duì)大學(xué)教師的要求越來(lái)越高，需要將世界各地的優(yōu)秀課程整合之后才能講授給學(xué)生，他們需要承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任，而不僅僅是講授更多的課程。因此可判斷C選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該承擔(dān)更苛刻的職責(zé)”正確

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“需要進(jìn)行更多的獨(dú)立研究”根據(jù)第六段第一句“聯(lián)合編輯珍妮弗˙吉德利向我們展示了未來(lái)的大學(xué)教師將如何取代授課和獨(dú)立研究（insteadofgivinglecturesandconductingindependentresearch），承擔(dān)三個(gè)新的角色”可判斷，該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾；

B項(xiàng)“需要為學(xué)生提供更多的課程”由解題思路可知，該項(xiàng)與原文不符，屬于反向干擾；

D項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該在他們的專業(yè)上指導(dǎo)更多的學(xué)生”，根據(jù)第六段第三句“第二類是導(dǎo)師，其功能與今天的教師顧問(wèn)很相似，但可能會(huì)與更多自己學(xué)術(shù)專業(yè)以外的學(xué)生合作”可知，大學(xué)教師要和更多其他專業(yè)的學(xué)生接觸，而非管理更多的自己專業(yè)的學(xué)生，因此該項(xiàng)屬于反向干擾。

5.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

5.Whichcategoryofwritingdoesthereviewbelongto?5.這篇評(píng)論屬于哪一類寫作？

A.Narration.A.記敘類。

B.Description.B.描寫類。

C.Persuasion.C.勸誡類。

D.Exposition.D.說(shuō)明類。

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】原文首先對(duì)這本書進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)價(jià)，中間六段都是對(duì)新書內(nèi)容的說(shuō)明，最后兩段對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié)。由此可見(jiàn)全文是對(duì)一本書的主要內(nèi)容進(jìn)行說(shuō)明介紹，因此這本書應(yīng)屬于說(shuō)明文。所以該題選擇D項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明類”。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“記敘類”、B項(xiàng)“描寫類”和C項(xiàng)“勸誡類”由解題思路可知，這三項(xiàng)屬于曲解原文。

3.單選題

Thesuccessorfailureofacaseoftenhingesonanorganizingprincipleknownasacasetheme.Forexample,thecasethemeinthetrialofErickandLyleMenendez,twobrothersaccusedofmurderingtheirparents,was“theabuseexcuse”;Thebrothersshouldbeexcusebecausetheyhadbeenseverelyabused.AprimarycasethemeoftheO.J.Simpsondefensewas“thepolicemessedupandplantedevidence.”

Themesaresimple,brief（onesentence!）statementsthatcapturetheessenceofyourargument.Youcontrolthelensthroughwhichthefactswillbeviewed.Foratriallawyer,thisisabsolutelycritical.Ifthelawyerfailstoestablishacasetheme,heorshegivesopposingcounseltheadvantage.Orevenworse,thelisteners,orthoseyouaretryingtopersuade,willadoptthethemesuggestedtothembyyouradversary.Whoevercontrolsthedefinitionofthecaseisinevitablytheonewiththepower.

Justasathemegivesthelistenersageneralizingprinciplearoundwhichinformationcanbeorganized,sotoodoesitgiveyouone.Thegreattriallawyersemphasizetheneedforanoverallstrategyaswellasday-to-daytactics.Acasethemeembodiesalawyer'soverallstrategyinanutshellandhelpsherorganizethecasesothatshealwaysstaysontargetuseathemetohelpyoustaywellandeasilyfocusedontheoverallthrustofyourpresentation.

Agoodcasethemealsogreatlyenhancesyourcredibility.（41）Whenyouestablishasuccinct,easy-to-remember,youletpeopleknow-well-definedandthoughtourpointofview.Suchspecificityaddstoyourperceivedcompetenceandtrustworthiness.Remember:successfultriallawyersareneverwishy-washy.

1.Thecaseinvolvingtwobrotherkillersdemonstratesthat（）.

2.Themessageofthispassageisthat（）.

3.Agoodcasethemecanprevent（）.

4.Anadditionalmeritofagoodcasethemeisthatyoumay（）.

5.Thelastword“wishy-washy”isclosestinmeaningto（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evenmurdersmaybeexcusedsometimes

B.awell-definedargumentcanwinadifficultcase

C.childabusersshouldbedulypunished

D.upholdingjusticeisthemostimportantincourt

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.goodlawyersareofcriticalimportanceinalawsuit

B.legalproceduressometimesmayrunoutofcontrol

C.murdercasescanbemanipulatedaspeoplewish

D.awell-definedfocusingpointisakeytowinacase

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thetriallawyerfromlosinghisorhertargetindefense

B.theopposingsidefromformingtheircasetheme

C.audiencefrombeingeasilypersuaded

D.thosewhohavepowerfromcontrollingthetrial

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.getmoreinformation

B.controltheopposingside

C.proveyourcompetence

D.trustthejuryandthejudge

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.indecisive

B.imaginative

C.inadequate

D.illogical

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Thesuccessorfailureofacaseoftenhingesonanorganizingprincipleknownasacasetheme.Forexample,thecasethemeinthetrialofErickandLyleMenendez,twobrothersaccusedofmurderingtheirparents,was“theabuseexcuse”;Thebrothersshouldbeexcusebecausetheyhadbeenseverelyabused.案例的成功或失敗往往取決于一個(gè)被稱為案例主題的組織原則。例如，Erick和LyleMenendez兩兄弟被控謀殺他們的父母，他們的審判主題是“為虐待申辯”;兄弟倆應(yīng)該得到原諒，因?yàn)樗麄兪艿搅藝?yán)重的虐待。”該案例中兩兄弟殺害父母卻得到了原諒，原因是他們被父母嚴(yán)重虐待，由此可知公平在法庭中起非常重要的作用。故D項(xiàng)正確。ABC三項(xiàng)均不能說(shuō)明該案件體現(xiàn)的道理。

2.主旨大意題。第一段開頭就提到了Thesuccessorfailureofacaseoftenhingesonanorganizingprincipleknownasacasetheme.案例的成功或失敗往往取決于一個(gè)被稱為案例主題的組織原則。接下來(lái)的段落都是圍繞casetheme展開論述。全文主要講述了一個(gè)好的案例主題（焦點(diǎn)）是贏得官司的關(guān)鍵。故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.判斷推理題。由第三段Thegreattriallawyersemphasizetheneedforanoverallstrategyaswellasday-to-daytactics.Acasethemeembodiesalawyer'soverallstrategyinanutshellandhelpsherorganizethecasesothatshealwaysstaysontargetuseathemetohelpyoustaywellandeasilyfocusedontheoverallthrustofyourpresentation.偉大的辯護(hù)律師強(qiáng)調(diào)整體戰(zhàn)略和日常戰(zhàn)術(shù)的必要性。案例主題概括地體現(xiàn)了律師的總體策略，并幫助她組織案例，使她始終緊扣主題，幫助你保持良好的狀態(tài)，輕松地聚焦于陳述的總體主旨?？芍玫陌咐黝}能使辯護(hù)律師在辯護(hù)時(shí)始終聚焦于主題，不會(huì)走偏。故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.判斷推理題。由第二段Ifthelawyerfailstoestablishacasetheme,heorshegivesopposingcounseltheadvantage.Orevenworse,thelisteners,orthoseyouaretryingtopersuade,willadoptthethemesuggestedtothembyyouradversary.如果律師未能確立案件主題，他或她就會(huì)給予對(duì)方律師優(yōu)勢(shì)。更糟糕的是，聽(tīng)眾或你試圖說(shuō)服的人會(huì)采用你的對(duì)手建議的主題。由此可知一個(gè)好的案件主題能控制反方。

5.詞義題。Whenyouestablishasuccinct,easy-to-remember,youletpeopleknow-well-definedandthought-ourpointofview.Suchspecificityaddstoyourperceivedcompetenceandtrustworthiness.Remember:successfultriallawyersareneverwishy-washy.當(dāng)你建立一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的，易于記憶的案件主題時(shí)，你讓人們明確地知道我們的觀點(diǎn)。這種專一性會(huì)增加你的能力和可信度。記住:成功的辯護(hù)律師從不優(yōu)柔寡斷。indecisive猶豫不決的；imaginative富于想象力的，具有創(chuàng)造力的；inadequate不充足的；illogical不合邏輯的，不合理的。既然是成功的辯護(hù)律師的特點(diǎn)，那應(yīng)該用褒義詞，故先排除CD兩項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)“富有想象力的”不是律師的特點(diǎn)，相反律師是依據(jù)事實(shí)說(shuō)話。故A項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

WhendidtheSecondWorldWarbegin?Manyhistorians,1tothinkofEurope2thecenteroftheworld,datethewarfrom1September1939whenGermanyattackedPolanD.Thisisnotan3thatwouldsatisfytheAbyssiniansortheChineseforwhomthewarbeganearlier.ItwouldnotsatisfytheRussiansandAmericansforwhomthewarbeganlater.In4casethisEuropeanwar5endedinJune1940withGermany6theentireContinentwestofRussiA.Ifaformaldeclarationofwar7thestartingpoint,theSecondWorldWarbeganinApril1932whenMaoTse-tungandChou.ThedeclaredwaragainstJapan8oftheKiangsiSoviet.Ifwewait9thewarwasbeingfoughtineverycontinentexceptthetwoAmericas,thedate10be1942oreven1944.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concede

B.conceal

C.conditioned

D.considered

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.as

B.to

C.with

D.in

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.answer

B.advice

C.affection

D.assertion

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.any

B.both

C.either

D.neither

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.finally

B.eventually

C.ultimately

D.virtually

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.dominated

B.dominating

C.beingdominated

D.havingbeendominated

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.symbolizes

B.marks

C.implies

D.remarks

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.withthetitle

B.withthestatus

C.inthename

D.indesignation

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.if

B.since

C.after

D.until

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.would

B.should

C.must

D.may

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:A

第6題:A

第7題:A

第8題:C

第9題:D

第10題:D

【解析】1.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)concede“承認(rèn)；退讓；給予，容許；讓步”；B選項(xiàng)conceal“隱藏；隱瞞”；C選項(xiàng)conditioned“決定；使適應(yīng)；使健康；以……為條件”；D選項(xiàng)considered“考慮；認(rèn)為；考慮到；細(xì)想”。根據(jù)上下文判斷出此處表達(dá)“認(rèn)為”，故D項(xiàng)最符合。

2.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)下文“thecenteroftheworld”可知此處想表達(dá)的是“認(rèn)為歐洲是世界的中心”,故as最為準(zhǔn)確。

3.考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)上文“WhendidtheSecondWorldWarbegin?”這個(gè)問(wèn)句，可以判斷出此處答案應(yīng)該是A選項(xiàng)answer“回答”。B選項(xiàng)advice“建議”；C選項(xiàng)affection“喜愛(ài)，感情；影響；感染”；D選項(xiàng)assertion“斷言，聲明；主張，要求；堅(jiān)持；認(rèn)定”。

4.考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)inanycase“不管怎樣；總之；在任何情況下”；B選項(xiàng)inbothcase“在兩種情況下”；C選項(xiàng)ineithercase“不論發(fā)生何種情況”；D選項(xiàng)inneithercase“在兩種情況下都不”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意，可知A為正確答案。

5.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)finally表達(dá)經(jīng)過(guò)一長(zhǎng)段時(shí)間（通常是指經(jīng)歷了困難和滯遲），表示“終于……”；B選項(xiàng)eventually“最終”含有時(shí)間因素，表示目前還未發(fā)生，但終將發(fā)生；C選項(xiàng)ultimately“最終”除了包含時(shí)間因素外，還有狀態(tài)順序，表示最基本因素；D選項(xiàng)virtually“事實(shí)上，幾乎；實(shí)質(zhì)上”。根據(jù)下文“endedinJune1940”及詞義判斷出答案為A。

6.考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。dominate意為控制，結(jié)合上文ended的時(shí)態(tài)，表示過(guò)去，可知A為正確答案。

7.考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)symbolize“象征；用符號(hào)表現(xiàn)；采用象征；使用符號(hào)；作為……的象征”；B選項(xiàng)mark“標(biāo)志；做標(biāo)記于；打分?jǐn)?shù)”；C選項(xiàng)imply“意味；暗示；隱含”；D選項(xiàng)remark“評(píng)論；覺(jué)察”。根據(jù)下文“theSecondWorldWarbeganinApril1932whenMaoTse-tungandChou”可知空格處應(yīng)為“象征、代表”，因此A最合適。

8.考查詞組。A選項(xiàng)withthetitleof“標(biāo)題為”；B選項(xiàng)withthestatusof“以……的地位”；C選項(xiàng)inthenameof“以……的名義”；D選項(xiàng)indesignationof“指定”。theKiangsiSoviet意為“中華蘇維埃共和國(guó)”，根據(jù)上下文“ThedeclaredwaragainstJapan28oftheKiangsiSoviet”以及句意判斷出正確答案為C。

9.考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。until引導(dǎo)從句，waituntil表示直到；等到；等待某個(gè)條件滿足；留待；一直等到，符合句意“IfwewaituntilthewarwasbeingfoughtineverycontinentexceptthetwoAmericas...”,中文翻譯為：如果我們等到除了兩個(gè)美洲以外的所有大陸都在打仗。因此答案為D

10.考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句。此處是if引導(dǎo)的真實(shí)條件句，真實(shí)條件句一般遵循主將從現(xiàn)、主情從現(xiàn)（情指情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）、主祈從現(xiàn)（祈指祈使句）等原則。因此可知D為正確答案。

5.翻譯題

1.Britainalmostmorethananyothercountryintheworldmostseriouslyfacetheproblemofbuildingupwards,thatistosay,ofaccommodatingaconsiderableproportionofitspopulationinhighblocksofflats.

2.ItissaidthattheEnglishmanobjectstothistypeofexistence,butifthecaseissuch,hedoesinfactdifferfromtheinhabitantsofmostcountriesoftheworldtoday.

3.Inthepastourownblocksofflatshavebeenassociatedwiththelower-incomegroupsandtheyhavelackedtheobviousprovisions,suchascentralheating,constanthotwatersupply,electricallyoperatedliftsfrombottomtothetop,andsoon,aswellassuchdetailsaseasyfacilitiesfordisposalofdustandrubbishandstorageplacesforbabycarriagesinthegroundfloor,playgroundsforchildrenonthetopofthebuildings,anddryinggroundsforwashing.

4.Itislikelythatthedisputeregardingflatsversus(對(duì)，對(duì)抗)individualhouseswillcontinuetorageonforalongtimeasfarasBritainisconcerned.

5.Thosewhoopposethebuildingofflatsbasetheircaseprimarilyontheassumptionthateveryoneprefersanindividualhomeandgarden.Theyalsoignorethehighercostofprovidingfullservicestoascatteredcommunityandthecostinbothmoneyandtimeofthejourneystowork.

【答案】1.英國(guó)幾乎比世界上其他任何國(guó)家都更加需要嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待建筑物向高空發(fā)展的問(wèn)題，也就是說(shuō)，要在很高的公寓樓里面容納下人口總數(shù)的一大部分的問(wèn)題。

2.據(jù)說(shuō)英國(guó)人反對(duì)這種居住方式，但是倘若情況如此的話，那么英國(guó)人確實(shí)不同于今天世界上大多數(shù)國(guó)家的居民。

3.過(guò)去，我們的住宅小區(qū)和低收入人群相聯(lián)系，它們?nèi)狈σ恍┍仨氃O(shè)施，比如中央供暖設(shè)備、穩(wěn)定的熱水供應(yīng)、貫通上下的電梯等等。還有一些細(xì)節(jié)之處，如灰塵和垃圾的簡(jiǎn)單處理設(shè)施，一樓的嬰兒車存放處，樓頂?shù)膬和螛?lè)場(chǎng)，以及衣服的晾曬場(chǎng)地。

4.就英國(guó)而言，關(guān)于公寓與私人住宅的爭(zhēng)論很可能會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間。

5.那些反對(duì)建公寓的人所根據(jù)的主要理由是，他們認(rèn)為每個(gè)人都想擁有單獨(dú)的住宅和花園。他們還忽視了為分散的社區(qū)提供全面服務(wù)的較高成本，以及上班路上的金錢和時(shí)間成本。

6.單選題

Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.backs

B.necks

C.toes

D.heels

【答案】D

【解析】句意:逃跑的小偷后面緊跟著當(dāng)?shù)氐木臁?/p>

考查固定搭配。on（at）one'sheels緊跟某人后面。

7.單選題

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin（）tohisincome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.comparison

B.proportion

C.association

D.calculation

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)incomparisonto“與，與……相比，與……比較而言”；B選項(xiàng)inproportionto“與……成比例的；與……相稱的”，反義詞詞組是outofproportion；C選項(xiàng)association“協(xié)會(huì)，聯(lián)合，聯(lián)想”，沒(méi)有inassociationto這個(gè)說(shuō)法；D選項(xiàng)calculation“計(jì)算，估計(jì)，計(jì)算的結(jié)果，深思熟慮”，也沒(méi)有incalculationto這個(gè)說(shuō)法，句意：他在度假和奢侈品上的開支與他的收入比起來(lái)相當(dāng)高。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Thepaintontheclown’sface（）thatitscaredthechildrenhewastryingtoentertain.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wassoexaggeration

B.wereanexaggeration

C.wassuchanexaggeration

D.wasexaggerating

【答案】C

【解析】根據(jù)后面的that可知，這里考查so（such）…that...的句型。so后面接形容詞或副詞，such后接名詞。exaggeration為名詞，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

9.單選題

Whereashistoriansoncemaintainedthatscienceis（

）otherenterprises,theyhavecometorealizethatscienceisactuallyintertwinedwiththevalues,socialassumptions,andintellectualtraditionsofaparticularhistoricalperiod.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dependenton

B.tantamountto

C.ancillaryto

D.distinctfrom

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。dependenton依賴于；ancillaryto從屬的，附屬的。tantamountto等的，相當(dāng)于。distinctfrom與······不同。句意：歷史學(xué)家曾經(jīng)堅(jiān)持科學(xué)是不同于其他事業(yè)的，然而，他們開始認(rèn)識(shí)到科學(xué)是和價(jià)值觀、社會(huì)假設(shè)，以及一個(gè)特定歷史時(shí)期的智慧傳統(tǒng)聯(lián)系在一起的。由后文中的isactuallyintertwinedwith可知空格處與這個(gè)意思相反，故答案D。

10.單選題

Hehasabadimpressionofhis______intheoffice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.barbers

B.audience

C.colleagues

D.bullets

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)barbers“理發(fā)師；理發(fā)店”；B選項(xiàng)audience“觀眾；聽(tīng)眾；讀者”；C選項(xiàng)colleagues“同事”；D選項(xiàng)bullets“子彈”。句意：他對(duì)辦公室里的______印象很差。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，辦公室里的是同事，C選項(xiàng)colleagues“同事”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Despitealmostuniversal_______ofthevitalimportanceofwomen’sliteracy,educationremainsadreamformanywomeninfartoomanycountriesoftheworld.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.confession

B.identification

C.acknowledgement

D.compliment

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。confession“坦白，供認(rèn)”；identification“鑒定；身份證”；acknowledgement“承認(rèn)，確認(rèn)”；compliment“贊美”。句意：盡管女性文化的重要性成為統(tǒng)一承認(rèn)的事情，但是在世界的許多國(guó)家，教育仍然是許多女性的夢(mèng)想。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

She’sgotso______tolightmusicthatithasbecomeaconstantcompanionofherlife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.usetolisten

B.usedtolisten

C.usedinlistening

D.usedtolistening

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.usetolistenB.usedtolisten

C.usedinlisteningD.usedtolistening

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】根據(jù)got可知，getusedtodoingsth.是固定搭配，表示“習(xí)慣于”，故該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B項(xiàng)getusedto中的to是介詞，后面不能直接跟動(dòng)詞原形；

A、C項(xiàng)不符合固定搭配。

【句意】她已經(jīng)非常習(xí)慣聽(tīng)輕音樂(lè)，輕音樂(lè)已經(jīng)成為她生活中永遠(yuǎn)的伴侶。

13.單選題

TheGovernmenthaspromisedtodo______liesinitspowertoeasethehardshipsofthehomeless.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.all

C.that

D.which

【答案】A

【解析】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：政府承諾盡其所能緩解無(wú)家可歸者的困難。whatliesinitspower是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，作動(dòng)詞do的賓語(yǔ)，what在從句中做主語(yǔ)。all不能引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，排除B選項(xiàng)。that在賓語(yǔ)從句中不能做主語(yǔ)，排除C選項(xiàng)。which引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句是意為“哪一個(gè)”，不符合句意，排除D選項(xiàng)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisfertileandproductive.

B.Itissmallandunconventional.

C.Itiswelllocatedandcompletelyautomated.

D.Itisprofitableandenvironmentallyfriendly.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theirwishtosetanewfarmingstandard.

B.Theirurgetomakefarmingmoreenjoyable.

C.Theirdesiretoimprovefarmingequipment.

D.Theirhopetorevitalizetraditionalfarming.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itcauseshardlyanypollution.

B.Itloosenssoilwhileweeding.

C.Itsavesalotofelectricity.

D.Itneedslittlemaintenance.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

【解析】PassageOne

There’salotaboutLeoSanchezandhisfarminSalinas,Californiathatseemsunusual.[9]Thenationalaveragefarmsizeisaround440acres,buthisisonlyoneacre.Theaverageageoffarmershoversaround58yearsold,butheisjust26.AndSanchezconstantlyattemptstoimproveeverythingfromseedingtechniquesoutinthefieldtothepromotionandsaleofhisproduceonline.Thisisevidenceofanexperimentalapproach.[9]It’sanapproachnotdictatedbytheconfinesofconventional,large-scaleagricultureledbyinternationalcorporations.

Whilefarmingisoftendifficultforboththebodyandmind,[10]Sanchezsaysheandmanyofhisfellowyoungfarmersaremotivatedbyadesiretosetanewstandardforagriculture.Manyofthemareemployingamultitudeoftechnologies,somenewandsome...notsonew.Recently,[11]Sanchezboughtahand-operatedtoolwhichpullsoutweedsandloosenssoil.Itactuallydatesbacktoatleast1701.ItstandsinsharpcontrasttoSanchez’sothergadget:agas-poweredflameweed-killerinventedin1997.Hesimplydoesn’tdiscriminatewhenitcomestothenewnessoftools.Ifitworks,itworks.

Farmershavealonghistoryofinvention,andit’snodifferenttoday.Youngfarmersareguidedbytheirloveofagricultureandaidedbytheirknowledgeoftechnology.Tofindinexpensiveandappropriately-sizedtools,theycollaborateandinnovate.Sometimestheoldstuffjustworksbetter,ormoreefficiently.

9.WhatdowelearnaboutLeoSanchez’sfarm?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)關(guān)于利奧?桑切斯的農(nóng)場(chǎng)的信息。錄音提到，全國(guó)農(nóng)場(chǎng)的平均面積約440英畝，但利奧?桑切斯的農(nóng)場(chǎng)只有一英畝，由此可知他的農(nóng)場(chǎng)規(guī)模很小。桑切斯不斷嘗試改進(jìn)一切，其實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法不為傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)所束縛，由此可知他的農(nóng)場(chǎng)是非傳統(tǒng)的。因此B選項(xiàng)“規(guī)模小，非傳統(tǒng)”為正確答案。A選項(xiàng)“肥沃多產(chǎn)”和D選項(xiàng)“盈利且環(huán)?！痹阡浺糁袥](méi)有提及。C選項(xiàng)“位置優(yōu)越，完全自動(dòng)化”，錄音中提到桑切斯買了一個(gè)可以拔除雜草和松土的手動(dòng)工具，由此可知并不是完全自動(dòng)化的，因此C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

10.WhathasmotivatedLeoSanchezandhisfellowyoungfarmerstoengageinfarming?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)是什么激勵(lì)利奧?桑切斯和他的伙伴們從事農(nóng)業(yè)？錄音提到，他和許多年輕的農(nóng)民伙伴都是受一種為農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)立新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的愿望所激勵(lì)，因此A選項(xiàng)“他們希望樹立新的農(nóng)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”正確。B選項(xiàng)“他們想讓農(nóng)業(yè)變得更有樂(lè)趣的強(qiáng)烈愿望”；C選項(xiàng)“他們改善農(nóng)業(yè)設(shè)備的愿望”以及D選項(xiàng)“他們希望振興傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)”均不正確。

11.WhydidLeoSanchezbuyahand-operatedweedingtool?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問(wèn)利奧?桑切斯為什么要買一個(gè)手動(dòng)除草工具？錄音提到，桑切斯買了一個(gè)可以拔除雜草和松土的手動(dòng)工具，因此B選項(xiàng)“除草時(shí)能松土”正確。A選項(xiàng)“幾乎不會(huì)造成任何污染”；C選項(xiàng)“節(jié)省了大量電力”以及D選項(xiàng)“幾乎不需要維護(hù)”在錄音中均未提及。

15.寫作題

Writeanessayofatleast250wordsonthetopicMyViewonHighHousingPrice.Youarerequiredtobaseyourwritingonthefollowingoutline.

(1)問(wèn)題與現(xiàn)狀

(2)危害

(3)原因

(4)解決辦法

【答案】MyViewonHighHousingPrice16.單選題

Generallyspeaking,thegovernmentplaysaveryimportantrole（）solvingproblemssuchasinflation,unemployment,andpoverty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.at

C.for

D.of

【答案】A

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。playaroleindoingsth在…中扮演角色。故A項(xiàng)正確。句意：一般而言，政府在解決諸如通貨膨脹、失業(yè)和貧窮等問(wèn)題上扮演重要角色。

17.單選題

Foraboutthreecenturieswehavebeendoingscience,tryingscienceout,usingsciencefortheconstructionofwhatwecallmoderncivilization.Everydispensableitemofcontemporarytechnology,fromcanallockstodialtelephonestopenicillin,waspiecedtogetherfromtheanalysisofdataprovidedbyoneoranotherseriesofscientificexperiments.Threehundredyearsseemsalongtimefortestinganewapproachtohumaninter-living,longenoughtosetbackforcriticalappraisalofthescientificmethod,maybeevenlongenoughtovoteonwhethertogoonwithitornot.Thereisanargument.

Voiceshavebeenraisedinprotestsincethebeginning,risinginpitchandviolenceinthenineteenthcenturyduringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,summoningurgentcrowdsintothestreetsontheissueofnuclearenergy."Giveitback,"saysomeofthevoices,“Itdoesn’treallywork,we'vetrieditanditdoesn’twork.Gobackthreehundredyearsandstartagainonsomethingelselesschancyfortheraceofman.”

Theprinciplediscoveriesinthiscentury,takingallinall,aretheglimpsesofthedepthofourignoranceofnature.Thingsthatusedtoseemclearandrational,andmattersofabsolutecertainty—Newtonianmechanics,forexample—haveslippedthroughourfingers;andweareleftwithanewsetofgiganticpuzzles,cosmicuncertainties,andambiguities.Someofthelawsofphysicsareamendedeveryfewyears;somearecanceledoutright;someundergorevisedversionoflegislativeintentasiftheywereactsofCongress.

JustthirtyyearsagowecallitabiologicalrevolutionwhenthefantasticgeometryoftheDNAmoleculewasexposedtopublicviewandthelinearlanguageofgeneticswasdecoded.Forwhile,thingsseemedsimpleandclear:thecellwasaneatlittlemachine,amechanicaldevicereadyfortakingtopiecesandreassembling,likeatinywatch.Butjustinthelastfewyearsithasbecomealmostunbelievablecomplexfilledwithstrangepartswhosefunctionsarebeyondtoday’simagining.

Itis