考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南昌工程學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南昌工程學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thereareonlytenapplesleftinthebaskets,（）thespoiltones.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notcounting

B.nottocount

C.don'tcount

D.havingnotcounted

【答案】A

【解析】句意:不算上壞了的蘋果，這個(gè)籃子里只剩下10個(gè)蘋果了。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾楝F(xiàn)在分詞做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。句子前半句已經(jīng)完整,所以后半句用了count的現(xiàn)在分詞形式做伴隨狀語(yǔ)。

2.單選題

Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence,butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.Earlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,andconsequentlymorevulnerable;later,weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst,willfinallybecomesosteepthatwecanlivenolonger,howeverwellwelookafterourselves,andhoweverwellsociety,andourdoctors,lookafterus.

Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway,thatifweescapewars,accidentsanddiseaseweshalleventually“dieofoldage”,andthatthishappensataratewhichdifferslittlefrompersontoperson,sothatthereareheavyoddsinfavorofourdyingbetweentheagesofsixty-fiveandeighty.Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.

Normalpeopletendtoforgetthisprocessunlessanduntiltheyareremindedofit.Wearesofamiliarwiththefactthatmanages,thatpeoplehaveforyearsassumedthattheprocessoflosingvigorwithtime,ofbecomingmorelikelytodietheodderweget,wassomethingself-evident,likethecoolingofahotkettleorthewearingoutofapairofshoes.Theyhavealsoassumedthatallanimals,andprobablyotherorganismssuchastrees,oreventheuniverseitself,mustinthenatureofthings“wearout”.

Mostanimalswecommonlyobservedoinfactageaswedo,ifgiventhechancetolivelongenough;andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactrunoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(熱力學(xué))(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogoustowhathappenswhenmanages.Arun-downwatchisstillawatchandcanberewound.Anoldwatch,bycontrast,becomessowornandunreliablewhatiteventuallyisnotworthmending.Butawatchcouldneverrepairitself—itdoesnotconsistoflivingparts,onlyofmetal,whichwearsawaybyfriction.Wecould,atonetime,repairourselves—wellenough,atleast,toovercomeallbutthemostinstantlyfatalillnessesandaccidents.Betweentwelveandeightyyearswegraduallylosethispower,anillnesswhichattwelvewouldknockusover,ateightycanknockusout,andintoourgrave.Ifwecouldstayasvigorousasweareattwelve,itwouldtakeabout700yearsforhalfofustodie,andanother700forthesurvivorstobereducedbyhalfagain.

36.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?

37.Theword“it”inthelastsentenceofParagraphTworefersto（）.

38.Whatisageing?

39.Whatdotheexampleofwatchshow?

40.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsthestyleofthispassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ourfirsttwelveyearsrepresentthepeakofhumandevelopment.

B.Peopleusuallyareunhappywhenremindedofageing.

C.Normallyonlyafewofuscanlivetotheireightiesandnineties.

D.Peopleareusuallylesslikelytodieattwelveyearsold.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.remainingaliveuntil65

B.remainingaliveafter80

C.dyingbefore65orafter80

D.dyingbetween65and80

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itisusuallyaphenomenonofdyingatanoldage.

B.Itisafactthatpeoplecannotliveanylonger.

C.Itisagraduallossofvigorandresistance.

D.Itisaphasewhenpeopleareeasilyattackedbyillness.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Normallypeoplearequitefamiliarwiththeageingprocess.

B.Allanimalandotherorganismsundergotheageingprocess.

C.Thelawofthermodynamicsfunctionsintheageingprocess.

D.Human’sageingprocessisdifferentfromthatofmechanisms.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Argumentation

B.Exposition

C.Narration

D.Description

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】36.推理判斷題。定位到第一段Attheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence,butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.（人長(zhǎng)到12歲時(shí)，身體處于最旺盛時(shí)期。雖然身材、力量和智力都還有待發(fā)展和完善，但這時(shí)候死亡的幾率最小。）因此可排除A選項(xiàng)“我們頭一個(gè)12年代表了人類發(fā)展的巔峰”。D選項(xiàng)“人們通常不太可能在12歲時(shí)死亡”符合原文，正確。B選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)人們想到衰老時(shí)，通常會(huì)不高興”，定位到第二段Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway.（人類發(fā)現(xiàn)的最不愉快的一個(gè)事實(shí)是人必然會(huì)衰老。）由此可知，B選項(xiàng)符合題意。C選項(xiàng)“通常我們中只有少數(shù)人能活到八九十歲”，定位到第二段Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.（我們中的一些人會(huì)死得早一些，少數(shù)人會(huì)活得更長(zhǎng)——活到九十、一百歲。）由此可知，C選項(xiàng)也符合題意。故選A。

37.詞義推測(cè)題。定位在第二段Someofuswilldiesooner,afewwilllivelonger—onintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.（我們中的一些人將死得早，很少人會(huì)活得更長(zhǎng)，到第九個(gè)或第十個(gè)十年。但是這樣的幾率很小，我們所能期望的壽命實(shí)際上是有限度的，無(wú)論我們多幸運(yùn)多強(qiáng)健。）由此可知it應(yīng)該指代前一句的內(nèi)容，很少人能夠活到第九個(gè)十年或者第十個(gè)十年。因此B選項(xiàng)“80歲后還活著”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“活到65歲”，C選項(xiàng)“在65歲前或80歲后死亡”，D選項(xiàng)“在65到80歲之間死去”均不符合題意，可排除。故選B。

38.客觀細(xì)節(jié)題。由關(guān)鍵詞ageing定位到第二段Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.（這種活力隨著時(shí)間的流逝而衰退的現(xiàn)象叫作衰老。）和第一段中的weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst.（我們將經(jīng)歷精力和抵抗力逐漸衰退的過(guò)程，雖然在開(kāi)始時(shí)難以覺(jué)察。）可知C選項(xiàng)“衰老是一種逐漸喪失活力和抵抗力的過(guò)程”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“衰老通常是一種老年死亡的現(xiàn)象”，B選項(xiàng)“人們不能再活下去了，這是一個(gè)事實(shí)”，D選項(xiàng)“衰老是一個(gè)人們?nèi)菀资艿郊膊」舻碾A段”均不符合衰老的定義描述，可排除。故選C。

39.推理判斷題。定位到第四段andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactrunoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(熱力學(xué))(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogoustowhathappenswhenmanages.（機(jī)械系統(tǒng)，如一塊上發(fā)條的表，或者太陽(yáng)，實(shí)際上的確會(huì)遵循熱力學(xué)第二定律耗盡能量（整個(gè)宇宙是否如此，目前是一個(gè)有爭(zhēng)議的問(wèn)題）。但是這些和人類老化的情況并不相同。）可以推理出，人類的老化與機(jī)械裝置的老化是不同的。手表不能像人類的身體那樣進(jìn)行自我修復(fù)，而人類的自我修復(fù)還可以在一定程度上緩解病痛、延長(zhǎng)生命，所以D選項(xiàng)“人的衰老過(guò)程不同于機(jī)械的衰老過(guò)程”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“通常人們對(duì)衰老過(guò)程相當(dāng)熟悉”，B選項(xiàng)“所有動(dòng)物和其他生物都要經(jīng)歷老化過(guò)程”，C選項(xiàng)“熱力學(xué)定律在老化過(guò)程中起作用”均與題意不符，故選D。

40.推理判斷題。本文從衰老起始時(shí)間（十二歲）入手，主要介紹了衰老過(guò)程的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。文中通過(guò)引用一些數(shù)據(jù)和使用對(duì)比等手段，說(shuō)明了衰老的過(guò)程、必然性及其與機(jī)械裝置損耗的區(qū)別所在。由此可知，本文屬于說(shuō)明文體。因此B選項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明文”正確，符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“議論文”，C選項(xiàng)“記敘文”，D選項(xiàng)“描述文”，均不符合題意，故選B。

3.單選題

Inscientificstudies,supportingevidenceismuchmoresatisfyingtoreportthanarediscreditedhypotheses,but,infact,the（）oferrorsismorelikelytobe（）thanistheestablishmentofprobabletruth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.formulation,permitted

B.correction,ignored

C.detection,useful

D.accumulation,agreeable

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞與形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)formulation，permitted“制訂，規(guī)劃；系統(tǒng)闡述；表達(dá)方式；制劑，配方”，“被允許的，可能的”；B選項(xiàng)correction，ignored“改正，修正”，“被忽視的；被忽略的”；C選項(xiàng)detection，useful“偵查，探測(cè)；發(fā)覺(jué)，發(fā)現(xiàn)；察覺(jué)”，“有用的，有益的；有幫助的”；D選項(xiàng)accumulation，agreeable“積聚，累積；堆積物”，“令人愉快的；適合的；和藹可親的”。句意：在科學(xué)研究中，報(bào)告支持的證據(jù)比不可信的假設(shè)更令人滿意，但事實(shí)上，錯(cuò)誤的積累比可能真理的建立更容易令人滿意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Thepolicechargedthemanwiththe（）ofthewatch.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.steal

B.theft

C.thief

D.thesis

【答案】B

【解析】考查同形詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)steal“偷竊”，動(dòng)詞；B選項(xiàng)theft“偷，盜竊”，名詞；C選項(xiàng)thief“小偷，竊賊”；D選項(xiàng)thesis“論文；論點(diǎn)”。句意：警察控告這名男子……了手表。本句的主語(yǔ)是Thepolice“警察”，謂語(yǔ)charged“控告”，賓語(yǔ)theman“這個(gè)男人”，with接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句中已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入偷竊的名詞。chargesb.withsth.“控告某人某事”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.問(wèn)答題

Thenewconflictismoredangerousthanthetraditionalonebetweenmanandhisfellowman,(A)wherethe(B)protagonistsatleastsharedacommonlanguage,but(C)whileitcomestothereactionsoftheecosystemstothe(D)onslaughtofmoderntechnology,thereisnocommonlanguage.

【答案】C；“while”改為“when”。

【解析】考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。句意：這種新的沖突比傳統(tǒng)的人與人之間的沖突更危險(xiǎn)，在傳統(tǒng)的沖突中，主人公們至少有一種共同的語(yǔ)言，但在當(dāng)涉及到生態(tài)系統(tǒng)對(duì)現(xiàn)代技術(shù)沖擊的反應(yīng)時(shí)，卻沒(méi)有共同的語(yǔ)言。句中的“while”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，而“while”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)部分需為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，“when”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句既可以用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞也可以用短暫性動(dòng)詞，既可以用一般時(shí)態(tài)也可以用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，所以將“while”改為“when”。

6.單選題

Thesealcandivetoadepthofabout1600feetandremain（）foraslongasanhourandtenminutes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breathless

B.fearless

C.submerged

D.unconscious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。breathless屏息；fearless無(wú)畏的，大膽的；submerge沉浸，淹沒(méi)；unconscious無(wú)意識(shí)的。由前半句可知海豹可以在1600英尺的海里潛水，由dive及remain可推知海豹能保持屏息…。故A項(xiàng)符合題意。句意：海豹可以潛入1600英尺深的海里，并且能保持屏息一小時(shí)十分鐘。

7.單選題

Ifyoucannotattendthemeeting,pleasefindsomeoneto____foryou.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.replace

B.substitute

C.displace

D.misplace

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.replace取代B.substitute代替

C.displace取代；替代D.misplace隨意擱置；亂放

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】substitutefor意為“代替；取代”。由句意“如果你不能參加會(huì)議，請(qǐng)找人……你?！笨芍摯钆浞暇湟?，意為“如果你不能參加會(huì)議，請(qǐng)找人代替你?！币虼诉xA。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)replace“取代”，replacefor意為“將……取代成……”，不符合語(yǔ)境；

C選項(xiàng)displace“取代；替代”，不與for搭配；

D選項(xiàng)misplace“隨意擱置；亂放”不符合語(yǔ)境。

【句意】如果你不能參加會(huì)議，請(qǐng)找人代替你。

8.單選題

Tom（

）betterthantoaskDickforhelp.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shallknow

B.shouldn'tknow

C.hasknown

D.shouldhaveknown

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。shouldhave“本該”，表示本應(yīng)該做，實(shí)際上沒(méi)做，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：湯姆早就該知道不能去找迪克幫忙。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

9.單選題

Thepovertylineistheminimumincomethatpeopleneedforanacceptablestandardofliving.Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.Economistsstudythecausesofpovertyinordertofindsolutionstotheproblem.

Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.However,ifthesepeoplehadstablejobs,theycouldhaveanacceptablestandardofliving.Economistssuggestseveralreasonswhypoorpeopledonothavejobs.

Foronething,morethanhalfofthepoorpeopleintheUnitedStatesarenotqualifiedtowork.Over40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Bylaw,childrenlessthan16yearsoldcannotworkinmanyindustries.Alargenumberofpoorpeopleareold.Manycompaniesdonothirepeopleover65yearsold,thenormalretirementage.

Somepooradultsdonotlookforjobsforavarietyofpersonalreasons:theyaresick,theydonothaveanymotivation,theyhavefamilyproblems,ortheydonotbelievethattheycanfindajob.

Otherpoorpeoplelookforajobbutcannotfindone.Manypooradultsneverwenttohighschool.Therefore,whentheylookforjobs,theyhavefewskillsthattheycanoffer.

Atthepresenttime,thegovernmentthinksitcanreducepovertyinthecountryinthefollowingways.

First,ifthenationaleconomygrows,businessesandindustrieshiremoreworkers.Someofthepoorwhoarequalifiedtolookforjobsmayfindemployment.Thentheywillnolongerbebelowthepovertyline.

Second,ifsocietyinvestsinthepoor,thepoorwillbecomemoreproductive.Ifthegovernmentspendsmoneyonsocialprograms,education,andtrainingforpoorpeople,thepoorwillhavetheskillstooffer.Thenitismorelikelythattheycanfindjobs.

Finally,ifthegovernmentdistributessociety’sincomedifferently,itraisessomepoorpeopleabovethepovertyline.Thegovernmentcollectstaxesfromthenon-poorandgivesmoneytothepoor.Thesepaymentstothepoorarecalledwelfare.In1975over18millionpeopleintheUnitedStatesreceivedwelfare.

Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeopledependonwelfareforaminimallyacceptablestandardofliving.

1.Theauthor'smainpurposetowritethisarticleis（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Morethan40percentofthepoorpeoplearechildren.Thisismainlybecause（）.

4.MostoftheAmericanpoorpeoplearenotqualifiedforemploymentbecause（）.

5.Wemayconcludedfromthepassagethat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.todefine(下定義)whatthepovertylineis

B.toexplainwhysomepeoplelivethepovertyline

C.tofindsolutionstotheproblemofpoverty

D.toshowsympathyforthosepoorpeople

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.TenpercentoftheAmericansliveapoorlife.

B.Poorpeoplearethosewholivebelowthepovertyline.

C.Thepovertylinerisesasthegeneralstandardoflivingrises.

D.Thepovertylinetendstobeatthesamelevel.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theydonothaveenoughmotivation

B.theyaresoyoungthattheydon’thavetherighttowork

C.theyfailtogetenougheducation

D.theyareverypoorinhealth

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theydonothaveanymotivationtowork

B.theyarenotveryself-confident

C.theyaretooyoungortoooldtowork

D.theyhavephysicalandfamilyproblems

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.bettersolutionstothepovertyproblemarenotyetfound

B.welfarewillenablethemtoberich

C.poorpeoplearesuretogooutofthepovertylineiftheyhavechancestodobusiness

D.employmentisthebestsolutiontothepovertyproblem

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.作者意圖題。原文首段最后一句和尾段的首句均有提及“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家們正在尋找更好的解決貧困問(wèn)題的辦法”，由此可知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的主要目的是為了尋找解決貧困問(wèn)題的方法。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“Asthegeneralstandardoflivinginthecountryrises,thepovertylinedoes,too.Therefore,evenwithtoday'srelativelyhighstandardofliving,about10percentofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesarebelowthepovertyline.隨著這個(gè)國(guó)家的總體生活水平提高，貧困線也在提高。因此，即使在今天生活水平相對(duì)較高的情況下，仍有大約10%的美國(guó)人生活在貧困線以下?！笨芍?，選項(xiàng)A和選項(xiàng)C符合原文；再根據(jù)第一段的第二句“Peoplewithincomesbelowthepovertylineareconsideredpoor.收入低于貧困線的人被認(rèn)為是窮人?！笨芍?，選項(xiàng)B符合原文；只有選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有信息提及。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第三段的前半部分提及“一方面，美國(guó)一半以上的窮人沒(méi)有資格工作。40%以上的窮人是兒童。根據(jù)法律規(guī)定，不滿16歲的兒童在許多行業(yè)都不能工作?！庇纱丝芍?，最主要的原因是這些兒童太小，沒(méi)有工作的權(quán)利，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，美國(guó)大部分的窮人都沒(méi)有工作，是因?yàn)檫@些人不是老人就是小孩，沒(méi)有工作的能力，所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文最后一段的內(nèi)容“Someeconomistsarelookingforbettersolutionstothepovertyproblem.However,atthepresenttime,manypeopledependonwelfareforaminimallyacceptablestandardofliving.一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家正在尋找更好的解決貧困問(wèn)題的辦法。然而，目前許多人依靠福利來(lái)維持最低限度的可接受的生活水平?！庇纱丝芍?，貧困問(wèn)題并沒(méi)有找到更好的解決辦法，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

10.單選題

Unlikethelibertarians,hedoesnotbelievethestateisasecond-orderphenomenon,amereenablerorprotectorofwhatpeoplechoosetodoincivilsocietyor,alternatively,asaboteuroftheirfreedoms.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attributor

B.distracter

C.destroyer

D.precursor

【答案】C

【解析】與自由主義者不同，他不認(rèn)為國(guó)家是一種二階現(xiàn)象，僅僅是公民社會(huì)中人們選擇做什么的推動(dòng)者或保護(hù)者，或者是他們自由的破壞者。由“…or,alternatively”可知前后是截然相反的兩種角色，前者是enabler和protector，則saboteur與之是相對(duì)立的。A選項(xiàng)attributor“屬性；特質(zhì)”；B選項(xiàng)distracter“誤選項(xiàng)；干擾項(xiàng)”；C選項(xiàng)destroyer“破壞者”；D選項(xiàng)precursor“先驅(qū)，前導(dǎo)”。比較選項(xiàng)可知C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

11.單選題

Hehasgiven（）excusesforbeinglate;butnoneofthemistrue.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.number

B.numeral

C.numerable

D.numerous

【答案】D

【解析】句意:他給出很多遲到的理由，但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)是真的。

考查形容詞辨析。number數(shù)字，號(hào)碼；numeral數(shù)字，數(shù)碼;numerable可數(shù)的，可計(jì)算的；numerous很多的，許多的。根據(jù)后面句意“但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)是真的”可知D符合句意。

12.單選題

Fumesfromtheexhaustofanautomobileare______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.notorious

B.anxious

C.noxious

D.delicious

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)notorious“聲名狼藉的、臭名昭著的”；B項(xiàng)anxious“焦慮的”；C項(xiàng)noxious“有害的、有毒的”；D項(xiàng)delicious“美味的”；句意：汽車排氣管排出的煙霧是有害的。因此該題C項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

12.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thewoman’sclassmate.

B.Thewoman’sboyfriend.

C.Thewoman’sbrother.

D.Thewoman’steacher.

【答案】B

【解析】M:IheardallthetimethatJohnisdatingseveralgirls.

W:Butit’snottrue,hehasexplainedeverythingtome.

M:Doyoureallybelievewhathesaid?

W:Yeah,Ibelieveinourfeelingsforeachother.

Q:WhoisJohn?

【解析】推斷題。根據(jù)對(duì)話推斷John是對(duì)話中女士的男友。

14.單選題

Hewas（）whenheheardtheunexpectednews,butIfinallyconvincedhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.incredible

B.inevitable

C.incredulous

D.indifferent

【答案】C

【解析】形近詞詞義辨析。incredible“難以置信的,驚人的”;inevitable“必然的,不可避免的”;incredulous“懷疑的,不輕信的”;indifferent“漠不關(guān)心的,中立的”。句意:他聽(tīng)到這個(gè)意外的消息時(shí)很不相信,但我最終還是讓他相信了。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

15.單選題

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoataneverearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overlastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolution,theshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavocon（擾亂）European’sprivatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today'stech-savvy（精通技術(shù)的）workershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage-twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegative-darkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles,theywereyoungbeautiful,strong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn'tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn'tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult”.OnlyanIdealWomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufmann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming”thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates.Sorelationshipsdon'tlastlong-iftheystartatall.Eppendorf,ablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe'dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdid-giveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.”

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause（

）.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare

（

）.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat

（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmerican-stylecapitalism

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.warmandlighthearted

B.oneithersideofmarriage

C.negativeandgloomy

D.healthyandwealthy

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely

D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段第四句話提到“法國(guó)社會(huì)學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)上個(gè)世紀(jì)從家庭生活轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閭€(gè)人生活是個(gè)人主義必然的一部分”（Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overlastcentury），選項(xiàng)A“他們被個(gè)人主義所驅(qū)使”符合題意。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第二段第二句話提到“現(xiàn)在獨(dú)居的人出現(xiàn)在歐洲從社會(huì)民主轉(zhuǎn)向更尖銳、更個(gè)人主義的美國(guó)式資本主義期間”（Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmericanstylecapitalism），選項(xiàng)B“它正在接近美國(guó)式資本主義”符合題意。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第三段提到最新的獨(dú)居者是一些三四十歲的高收入者，他們年輕、漂亮、強(qiáng)壯（thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice；theywereyoungbeautiful,strong），選項(xiàng)D“健康的和富有的”符合題意。

第4題:推理判斷題。文章最后一段引用的話“我想做我想做的事情：過(guò)自主的生活”（Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife”），由此可知現(xiàn)代女人都期望過(guò)自主的生活，因此選項(xiàng)A“很多現(xiàn)代女人想過(guò)自由的生活”符合題意。

第5題:主旨大意題。文章從一開(kāi)始到結(jié)尾就是在講述獨(dú)居人群從之前的退休人群，尤其是老年婦女（pensioners,particularlyelderlywomen）到現(xiàn)在的年輕的高收入者這樣一個(gè)趨勢(shì)，選項(xiàng)C“為了探究年輕人獨(dú)居的趨勢(shì)”符合題意。

16.單選題

Thosemosquitobiteswillitchevenmoreifyou（）them.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rub

B.scratch

C.scrub

D.brush

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果你撓蚊蟲(chóng)叮咬的地方，會(huì)更癢。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。rub摩擦;scratch撓，搔;scrub擦洗，刷洗；brush（用刷子）刷凈。因此B正確。

17.單選題

ForonebriefmomentinApril,LarryEllisoncamewithinafewdollarsofbeingtherichestmanintheworld.ThecomputertycoonwasholdingaglobalconferencecallonaWednesdaymorning,whenthevalueofhiscompanysurged.

ItwasthemomenthealmostovertookBillGates,founderofMicrosoft,asthewealthiestontheplanet.Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.Theself-proclaimed“badboy”ofSiliconValleyfoundhimselfworthmorethanUS$52billion,upfromamereUS$10billionthistimelastyear.ThenMicrosoft’sshareprice,whichhadplungedinrecentweeks,recoveredandthemomentpassed.

Once,Ellison,founderofthesoftwarecompanyOracle,wouldhavedancedaroundhisdeskcursinglikeapirateatfailingtobringdownGates,arivalhehadconstantlymadefunofinpublic.ButSiliconValleyinsiderssaidheremainedcalm,andmuttered:“Oneday,onedayvery,verysoon.”Heknewhismomentwasclose.UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms),aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.HealsoplanstoimportaRussianMig-29fighter(capableof1,500mph).Whydoeshewantone?Sothat,hejoked,hecanblastGateshomenearSeattle.Carsarecheapandcheerfulbycomparison.Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLaren.InSanFranciscoheownsamagnificenthouseinPacificHeights,oneofWesternAmerica’smostexpensivestretchesofrealestate.Thehouseisatechnicalmarvel:Whenheinsertshiskey,theopaqueglassdoorturnstransparent,revealingaJapanesegardeninthemiddleofthehouse.Forreasonsheknowsbest,EllisonisobsessedwithJapaneseculture.

WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.HewasborntoanunmarriedmotherandadoptedbyhisRussianuncleandaunt.Abrilliantbutunpredictableself-promoter,hedroppedoutofcollege,drovetoCaliforniainabatteredThunderbirdcarandendedupworkingwithcomputertechniciansatabank.“Healwayshadachampagnelifestyleonbeermoney,”hisfirstwifesaid.

HesetupOraclein1977asasuper-salesmanwith3programmers,creatingsoftwareforbusinesses.Italmostcollapsedwhenitpromisedmorethanitcoulddeliver,butsincethenitsfortuneshavesoared.Nowitemploys43,000peopleandhasdesigneddata-processingsystemsusedbyBritain’sMl5spyserviceaswellasbigwesterncompanies.Oracle’ssoftwareismoreInternet-friendlythanGatesWindowonefactorbehindthecompany’srecentsharepricerise.

Sincehiscompanygotbig,Ellisonhaspromisedshareholdersthathewillspendmoretimeintheoffice.Butcanheescapebeingthethrill-seekerheisatheart?Assummerapproaches,hemayfindithardtoresistthelureofhisyachts,Sakura,oneofthelongestintheworld,andSayonara(Japanesefor“seeyoulater”),whichheracesfuriously.Itisdangeroussport,evenforguests.MediatycoonRupertMurdochoncenearlylostafingerwhenhegrabbedaropeduringaraceonboardthesayonara.Ellisonjokedatleasthecouldstillwrotechecks.

Regardlessofdistractions,EllisonwillnotgiveupinhisbattleagainstGates.Hehatestolose.Ellisondeclaresthatanysuchdominancebyoneman,likeMicrosoftincomputerindustry,isunhealthy.Hehasobviouslyforgottenhisownplanforaglobalempire,whichhewantedtocalltheUniversalTitanicOctopusCorporation.

1.Inthestockmarket,（）.

2.UnlikeBillGates,Ellison（）.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTEllison’sbelongings?

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEllison?

5.Oracle’sadvantageisthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.EllisonisasrichasBillGates

B.EllisonhasUS$200,000lessthanBillGates

C.Ellisonisricherthanbill

D.OraclehasmoremoneythanMicrosoft

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.comesfromastrongfamily

B.hasapoorfather

C.doesnotspendmuchoncharity

D.wasborninCalifornia

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.AGulfstreamVjet.

B.AMarchettifighter.

C.APorscheBoxster.

D.ARussianMig-29fighter.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ellisonlacksthecharacteristicsofcalmness.

B.EllisondislikeJapaneseculture.

C.Ellisoniskeenonyachting.

D.Ellison’sbusinesshasgonesmoothlysincethebeginning.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.itssharepriceisprettyhigh

B.ithasmoreemployeesthanMicrosoft

C.itsthebiggestwesterncompany

D.itssoftwareismoreinternet-friendlythanMicrosoft

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息定位到第二段Forafewseconds,asshareoftradersmarkedMicrosoftdownandOracleup,EllisoncamewithinUS$200,000ofGates.（有那么幾秒鐘，當(dāng)交易員們認(rèn)為微軟股價(jià)下跌、甲骨文股價(jià)上漲時(shí)，埃里森的股價(jià)只比蓋茨便宜20萬(wàn)美元。）因此B選項(xiàng)“埃里森比比爾?蓋茨身價(jià)少20萬(wàn)美元”正確。A選項(xiàng)“埃里森和比爾?蓋茨一樣富有”不正確，文章討論的是他們的身價(jià)，而不是誰(shuí)更有錢。C選項(xiàng)“埃里森比比爾?蓋茨更富有”，不正確，文章沒(méi)有給出這個(gè)信息；D選項(xiàng)“甲骨文比微軟有更多的錢”，根據(jù)埃里森的身價(jià)沒(méi)有比爾蓋茨高可以推斷甲骨文（埃里森的公司）應(yīng)該是沒(méi)有微軟更有錢的。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段UnlikeGates,heisnotbigoncharity,preferringtospendhismoneyinhisway.（與蓋茨不同的是，他不熱衷于慈善事業(yè)，更喜歡按自己的方式花錢。）因此C選項(xiàng)“在慈善事業(yè)上花的錢不多”正確。A選項(xiàng)“來(lái)自一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的家庭”在后文WhileGatescomesfromastrongfamily,Ellisonstilldoesnotknowwhohisfatherwas.（雖然蓋茨來(lái)自一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的家庭，但埃里森仍然不知道他的父親是誰(shuí)。）A選項(xiàng)不正確；B選項(xiàng)“有一個(gè)貧窮的父親”，他甚至都不知道自己的父親是誰(shuí)，不正確；D選項(xiàng)“出生在加利福尼亞”，后文說(shuō)他自己駕車去了加利福尼亞，所以可以判斷他不是在這里出生的，錯(cuò)誤。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞定位到第三段Hehashisownprivateairforce,amilitary-stylecrewbasedatSanJoseairportnearRedwoodCity,tohelphimflyhisGulfstreamVjet(withtwomarbledbathrooms).（他有自己的私人空軍，一個(gè)駐扎在雷德伍德城附近的圣何塞機(jī)場(chǎng)的軍事風(fēng)格的機(jī)組人員，幫助他駕駛灣流V型噴氣式飛機(jī)。）因此A選項(xiàng)是他的所有物；同樣在第三段aMarchettifighterplaneimportedfromItaly,andahandfulofotheraircraft,includingatrainerforhisson.（一架從意大利進(jìn)口的馬爾切蒂戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)，以及其他幾架飛機(jī)，包括給他兒子的一名教練員。）因此B選項(xiàng)也是他的所有物；在第三段Hehasarelatively-modestPorscheBoxster,twospeciallyalteredMercedesandaUS$900,000silverMcLar