考研考博-英語-廈門醫(yī)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廈門醫(yī)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Peoplewho（

）largeamountsofanimalfatsaremorelikelytogetcancerandheartdisease.

問題1選項

A.congest

B.irrigate

C.consume

D.purchase

【答案】C

【解析】考察動詞辨析。congest擁擠；充塞；irrigate灌溉；沖洗；consume消耗；消費；purchase購買。句意：吃大量動物油的人更有可能患癌癥和心臟病等疾病。選項C符合句意。

2.單選題

Thefootballclubwill

newmembersthefirstweeknextmonth.

問題1選項

A.subscribe

B.absorb

C.register

D.recruit

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。Subscribe“簽署”；absorb“吸收；吸引”；register“登記”；recruit“征募”。句意：下個月第一周這個足球俱樂部會招募新成員。選項D符合題意。

3.寫作題

Youareveryhappywhenyougetthenewsthatyourfriendhasbeenpromoted.Writealitterofcongratulationandencouragehim/hertokeepup.

Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyonAnswerSheet2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiTao"instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress,butpayattentiontotheformofletterwriting

【答案】略

4.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetII.

文化的多樣性是人類文明最本質(zhì)的特征，尊重不同文化的獨立與發(fā)展，加強文化交流與合作，是維護世界文化多樣性的重要前提。在全球化的時代，人類面臨著許多共同的問題，都需要通過廣泛的文化溝通與合作來尋求答案，中國提倡充分尊重各國的文化傳統(tǒng)，社會制度、發(fā)展道路，倡導開放兼容的文化觀，也真誠地愿意通過與各國廣泛開展合作，借鑒各種文明之長，推動建設(shè)一個持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。

【答案】Culturaldiversityisthemostessentialcharacteristicsofhumancivilization,torespecttheindependenceanddevelopmentofadifferentcultureandstrengthenculturalexchangesandcooperationisimportantpreconditionsforthemaintenanceofworldculturaldiversity.Intheeraofglobalization,mankindisfacedwithmanycommonproblemsandallneedtoseektheanswerthroughextensiveculturalcommunicationandcooperation,Chinaadvocatesafullrespectforeachcountry’sculturaltradition,socialsystemanddevelopmentpathandcallforopenandcompatibleculturalview,andalsoissincerelywillingtopromotetobuildaharmoniousworldoflastingpeaceandcommonprosperitythroughextensivecooperationwithothercountriesanddrawingonthestrengthsofthevariouskindsofcivilization.

5.單選題

I’vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.

Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter—Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting(稍縱即逝的)thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.

ThepracticethatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbowcalls“freewriting”.Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,usuallyfor15-20minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.

Nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou’vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthedeadlinedrawsnear.

Insteadofstaringatablankscreenstartfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouravailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.

1.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”(Line4Para.1)inthewritingprocess,hemeans（）.

2.Whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis（）.

3.Whatisthechiefobjectiveofthefirststagewriting?

4.Onecommonconcernofwritersabout“freewriting”isthat（）.

5.Inwhatwaydoesthecriticalmindhelpthewriterinthewritingprocess?

問題1選項

A.noonecanbebothcreativeandcritical

B.theycannotberegardedasequallyimportant

C.theyareinconstantconflictwitheachother

D.onecannotusethematthesametime

問題2選項

A.puttingtheirideasinrawform

B.attemptingtoeditastheywrite

C.ignoringgrammaticalsoundness

D.tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts

問題3選項

A.Toorganizeone’sthoughtslogically

B.Tochooseanappropriatetopic

C.Togetone’sideasdown.

D.Tocollectrawmaterials

問題4選項

A.itoverstressestheroleofthecreativemind

B.ittakestoomuchtimetoeditafterwards

C.itmaybringabouttoomuchcriticism

D.itdoesnothelpthemtothinkclearly

問題5選項

A.Itrefineshiswritingintobettershape

B.Ithelpshimtocomeupwithnewideas.

C.Itsavesthewritingtimeavailabletohim

D.Itallowshimtositonthesideandobserve

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.”如果你想讓寫作成為思考的工具，你必須先學會創(chuàng)作，然后再修改。所以作者說二者不能并行的意思是不能同時使用，選項D正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter”在飛快的寫作過程中修改可能是我們大多數(shù)人遇到的最大障礙。選項B符合原文。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomeoutfromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.”當文字開始流暢起來時，想法也會從陰影中浮現(xiàn)出來，并呈現(xiàn)于記事本或屏幕上。由此可知，第一步寫作的主要目的是將想法記錄下來，選項C符合原文。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepageasthedeadlinedrawsnear.”很有可能，你會認為這比你實際擁有的時間要長，而且隨著最后期限的臨近，你最終會茫然地盯著這一頁。由此可推斷，對自由寫作的擔憂是寫作的人對自由寫作的擔憂是之后的編輯時間太長，選項B符合原文。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容，不要盯著空白的屏幕，用文字來填滿它，無論這些文字多么糟糕。在你可用的時間的一半，停下來，把你之前的寫作重寫成更接近成品的東西。反復修改，直到時間耗盡，最終的結(jié)果很可能比之前的練習要好得多。由此可知，批判性思維能夠幫助寫作更加完善。選項A正確。

6.單選題

Thecommissionwouldfinditself（）ateveryturnifitsmemberscouldn’treachanagreement.

問題1選項

A.collided

B.displeased

C.crumbled

D.hampered

【答案】D

【解析】collided碰撞，沖突；displeased生氣的；crumbled破碎的；hampered受阻的。句意：如果委員們不能達成協(xié)議，委員會就會處處受阻。選項D符合句意。

7.填空題

A:You’relate

B:（1）I?I’msorryImusthavelosttrackofthetime.HasMikearrived（2）?

A:Yes,he（3）hereabout15minutesago.He’sinthelavatorynow.

B:Oh,look!（4）heis!Hi,Mike!

C:Hi,Angela!It’sgoodtoseeyouagain.

A:Well,nowthateveryone’shere,Iguesswe’d（5）findacabandsetout.

【答案】Am;yet;arrived;Here/There;better

【解析】句意:

一一你遲到了。

1-2.語義題。一一是嗎？抱歉，我一定是忘了時間了。邁克已經(jīng)到了嗎？

3.語義題。一一到了，他十五分鐘之前就到了。他現(xiàn)在在廁所。

4.語義題。一一看！他在這里（那里）。你好，邁克！

一一你好，安吉利爾！很高興再次見到你。

5.固定搭配。一一好了，現(xiàn)在我們都到齊了。我想我們最好叫輛出租車出發(fā)吧。

8.單選題

Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-thosewhodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeofeducationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutratesarehigher.Butsincesuchstudentsaremostlikelytoadvanceeconomicallyiftheysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordecadestorecruitloreofthem.Thishascreated’’aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”achievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofapaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.

Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,next-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.

Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsarebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunnamedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwithafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastoneparentwithafour-yeardegree.

Theirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpactwasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatthisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.

Manyfirst-generationstudentsstruggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultureofhighereducation,learnthe’rulesofthegame,'and"takeadvantageofcollegeresources,"theywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon’ttalkabouttheclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudents.BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.

1.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas（

）.

2.Theauthorofthepaperbelievesthatfirst-generationstudents

（

）.

3.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat（

）.

問題1選項

A.reducedtheirdropoutrates

B.narrowedtheachievementgap

C.misseditsoriginalpurpose

D.depressedcollegestudents

問題2選項

A.areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap

B.canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents

C.maylackopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects

D.areinexperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege

問題3選項

A.universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-class

B.studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlackofresources

C.socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationalexperiences

D.collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目提問‘招募更多第一代大學生己經(jīng)如何？’根據(jù)文章第一段“Thishascreated’’aparadox"inthatrecruitingfirst-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighereducationhas"continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose"achievementgapbasedonsocialclass...這就產(chǎn)生了一個“悖論”，即招收第一代學生，但卻眼睜睜地看著他們中的許多人失敗，這意味著高等教育“繼續(xù)繁衍和擴大，而不是縮小”基于社會階層的成就差距，所以這是一種自相矛盾的事……”。確定C選項‘能達到其最初的目的’正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目提問‘本文作者認為第一代學生如何？’根據(jù)第四段第一句“...first-generationstudentsmaybemostlackingnotinpotentialbutinpracticalknowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfacemostcollegestudents.第一代大學生缺少的不是潛力，而是在處理大多數(shù)大學生面對的問題時的實際的常識?！贝_定D選項“在大學里沒有處理問題的經(jīng)驗”正確。

3.推理判斷題。題目提問‘最后一段中可以推斷什么？’根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“BecauseUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacknowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationalexperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslackinsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudentslikethemcanimprove.因為美國的學院和大學很少承認社會階層是如何影響學生的教育經(jīng)歷的，所以許多第一代學生缺乏對他們?yōu)槭裁磿暝亩床炝Γ膊恢老袼麄冞@樣的學生如何才能進步。”可以推知D選項“學校應該為目前的問題承擔部分責任”正確。

9.單選題

I’lltrytogetintouchwithhimbuthe’s（）everathomewhenIphone.

問題1選項

A.rarely

B.almost

C.hardly

D.occasionally

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項rarely“很少地；難得；罕有地”；B選項almost“差不多，幾乎”；C選項hardly“幾乎不，簡直不；剛剛”；D選項occasionally“偶爾；間或”。其中hardly帶否定意義，hardlyever含never的意思，可當作固定搭配，意為“幾乎從不，幾乎不”。句意：我盡量和他聯(lián)系，但我打電話時他幾乎不在家。因此C選項正確。

10.單選題

Aseriesofattempts（）made,hecametorealizethathehadunderestimatedtheenormityofthetask.

問題1選項

A.were

B.tobe

C.hadbeen

D.havingbeen

【答案】D

【解析】語法知識題。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的用法，A和C選項均為謂語動詞，可以排除，一系列的嘗試在意識到問題之前就做過了，應該用完成時態(tài)。句意：一系列的嘗試之后，他意識到他低估了這個任務的繁重性。選項D符合題意。

11.單選題

Duringperiodsofsocialandculturalstability,manyartacademiesaresofirmlycontrolledbythatallrealcreativeworkmustbedoneby（

）thedisenfranchised.

問題1選項

A.managers

B.dogmatists

C.imposters

D.specialists

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。disenfranchised被剝奪公民權(quán)的；manager“經(jīng)理；管理人員”；dogmatist“教條主義者；獨斷家；獨斷論者”；imposter“騙子；冒名頂替者”；specialist“專家；專門醫(yī)師”。句意：在社會和文化穩(wěn)定時期，很多藝術(shù)學院如此牢固地被教條主義者控制，以至于所有真正有創(chuàng)造性的工作都由被剝奪了公民權(quán)的人來完成。由allrealcreativeworkmustbedonebythedisenfranchised.可知B項符合題意。

12.單選題

Thisrefrigeratorweboughtlastweekis（）

satisfactory.

問題1選項

A.byallmeans

B.byanymeans

C.bynomeans

D.bysomemeans

【答案】C

【解析】byallmeans一定,

務必,

一般單獨用,

后面不接成分；byanymeans無論如何；bynomeans—點也不；bysomemeans通過某種方法。句意：我們上周買的冰箱一點兒也不讓人滿意。選項C符合句意。

13.單選題

Contrarytotheopinionofthecommitteemembers,thechairmaninsistedonappointing

A

B

whomeverhethoughtcoulddothejobthemostadequately.

C

D

問題1選項

A.Contraryto

B.on

C.whomever

D.themostadequately

【答案】C

【解析】考查關(guān)系代詞。句中的“hethough”可以看做是一個插入語，從句中缺少主語，因此用whoever引導賓語從句。

試題答案：C;whoever

14.單選題

Aterribletrafficaccidenthappened;peopleweresaddenedwhentheywatchedthe（

）sightonTV.

問題1選項

A.panic

B.patriotic

C.pathetic

D.periodic

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。panic“恐慌的”；patriotic“愛國的”；pathetic“可憐的”；periodic“周期的”。句意：發(fā)生了一場嚴重的交通事故；當人們從電視上看到這個可憐的場面的時候都非常傷心。選項C符合題意。

15.單選題

Webbrowsers!Interactivesoftware!There'salotofnewtechnologytalkgoingoninpublicrelationsthesedays,andit'scomingfromavarietyofsources,clients,fearfulthattheyaremissingoutonsomemysterious“nextwave”,demandsomekindofwhiz-bang（尖端）demonstrationoftechnologyfromagencies.Industrypublicationscontinuouslytoutthelatestandgreatestelectronicinnovations.Collegekidsenterthemarketplaceaimedwithcomputerliteracycompletelyalientomanyveteranpractitioners.Andinsomecases,membersofthemediademandthatinformationbepackagedtoaccommodatetheirparticulartechnologicalpreferences.

Istechnologynowthetailwaggingdog?Theanswer,unequivocally,isno.Technologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen,atoolusedbyprofessionalstohelpthemdotheirjobs.Allofthismillenniumtalkhasproducedanunnecessarylevelofanxietyaboutthenecessityoftechnologicalinnovation一theideathatyouarelight-yearsbehindunlessyouarelight-yearsahead.Relax!Thefoundationsofgoodpublicrelationsremainthesame:anticipatingandmeetingtheneedsofclientsandthemedia,andprovidinginformedandusefulcounsel.Solidresearch,strongwritingskills,creativity,andanappreciationforthevaluesofthemediaarethebackboneoftheprofession,regardlessofhowinformationispackaged.

Evenifthespeedofinformationtransmissionisincreasing,hightechisn'tforeveryone.Allclientsdon'tneedindividualwebpagesandsummariesofchatroomactivity.Whenconsideringapplicationsofnewtechnologies,considertheaudiencesforyourclient.Aretheycomfortablewithtechnology?Dotheyhaveaccesstothedistributionsystemsyouareconsidering?Dotheyhavetheskillsandknowledgetousethesesystems?Dotheynavigatetheweb,useCD-ROMorevenownaVCR?

Considertheimageofthecompanyitself.Thedeliverysystemispartofthemessageandcontributestotheoverallimage,sothepractitionershouldconsiderhowthatsystemaffectstheclient,theproduct,andtheaudiences.

Yes,awebpagecanbeacost-efficientcommunicationtoolwhenyouconsidertheminimalmediacost.Butonceit'supandrunning,you'vegottokeepitfresh,andthatmeansacontinualallocationoftimeandspecializedresources.Inthehyper-speedmodelofcommunications,nothingisolderthaninformationthatisbothoutdatedandon-line.Andtoinformationconsumers,yourwebpagewillceasetobeasourceifitisn'tkeptcurrent.Inthelastpresidentialelection,morethanonecandidatehadproblemswiththeirpersonalwebpagesbecausewebmasterswerenotkeptuptodateonchangesincampaignstrategyandmessages.Thegapbetweenwhatthecandidatewassayingandwhatthewebpagewasshowingbecameastoryinitself.Ifyou'regoingtohaveapresenceontheInternet,youhavetobudgetforregularmaintenance.Otherwise,youareputtingasignupthatsays“toocheaptoberelevant”.

1.Therecententhusiasmfornewtechnologyispartlybroughtonby（）.

2.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftherecentnewtechnologytalkgoingoninpublicrelations?

3.The“tailwaggingdog”(Para.2)mostprobablymeans（）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theroleofnewtechnologyinpublicrelations（）.

5.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthatawebpage（）.

問題1選項

A.electronicinnovations

B.thedevelopmentofnewinteractivesoftware

C.consumers'fearofbeingleftbehindthetide

D.thepopularizationoftheWeb

問題2選項

A.Itindicatesasuddenrealizationofanoncomingradicalchangeinpublicrelations.

B.Itremindsusofthefactthattechnologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen.

C.Itissuperficialanddoesnotmeanthatweareusheringinanewage.

D.Itisasuresignthatwearemissingoutonsomemysterious“nextwave”.

問題3選項

A.theoverwhelminglypredominantthing

B.thedogthattucksitstailbetweenitslegs

C.thethingtobetamedurgently

D.theproblemtobetackledatonce

問題4選項

A.can'tbetooemphasizedintoday'sworld

B.isunnecessarilyexaggerated

C.isnotfullyrecognizedyet

D.ismoreimportanttothecompanythantotheclient

問題5選項

A.canusuallyprovidetheviewerswiththelatestinformation

B.isnotagoodideaunlessitsinformationisupdatedconstantly

C.maytakemoremoneytobesetupandkeptrunningthanimagined

D.canfindextensiveapplicationsinpresidentialelections

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段“Industrypublicationscontinuouslytoutthelatestandgreatestelectronicinnovations.”行業(yè)出版商不斷吹捧最新的和最偉大的電子創(chuàng)新。所以，人們對新技術(shù)的熱情，有一部分是來源于電子創(chuàng)新。選項A正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段第二句“Theanswer,unequivocally,isno.Technologyremainswhatithasalwaysbeen,atoolusedbyprofessionalstohelpthemdotheirjobs.”技術(shù)一直是專業(yè)人士用來幫助他們工作的工具。選項B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，技術(shù)一直是專業(yè)人士用來幫助他們工作的工具。建立良好公共關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)與過去一樣，依舊是：預測和滿足客戶和媒體的需求,并提供有用的信息和建議。也就是說新技術(shù)并不是公共關(guān)系中起關(guān)鍵作用的主流事物。所以“tailwaggingdog”指具有壓倒性優(yōu)勢的事物，選項A正確。

4.根據(jù)第二段的第五句“Thefoundationsofgoodpublicrelationsremainthesame:anticipatingandmeetingtheneedsofclientsandthemedia,andprovidinginformedandusefulcounsel.”建立良好公共關(guān)系的基礎(chǔ)與過去一樣，依舊是：預測和滿足客戶和媒體的需求,并提供有用的信息和建議。所以說沒必要夸大新技術(shù)在公共關(guān)系中的作用。選項B符合原文。

5.根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，網(wǎng)頁一旦啟用，就需要一直的保持新鮮感，也就是說，信息需要不斷的更新。選項B符合原文。

16.單選題

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanyculturewill（）totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

問題1選項

A.conform

B.confine

C.confirm

D.confront

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項“conform”，意為“相符合”，B選項“confine”，意為“監(jiān)禁，限制”，C選項“confirm”，意為“證明，確認”，D選項“confront”，意為“面對，遭遇”。句意：任何文化中的大多數(shù)人都會和該文化的既定標準保持一致。A選項符合句意。

17.單選題

commutationviathetelegraphbeganinthe1840s,justbeforetheCivilWar,andviathetelephonejustafterward(1870s).

問題1選項

A.Instantaneous

B.Spontaneous

C.Simultaneous

D.Instinctive

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。instantaneous“瞬間的”；spontaneous“自發(fā)的”；simultaneous“同時的”；instinctive“本能的”。句意：通過電報進行的同時通訊始于內(nèi)戰(zhàn)前的19世紀40年代，后來（19世紀70年代）很快開始通過電話進行同時通訊。選項C符合題意。

18.單選題

MobyDick,nowregardedasagreatworkofAmericanliterature,wasvirtually___whenitwasfirstpublished,anditwasnotuntilmanyyearslaterthatMelville’sachievementswere___.

問題1選項

A.renowned...relegated

B.notorious...justified

C.hailed...understood

D.ignored...recognized

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項renowned“使有聲望”，relegated“貶職，把降低到，把……置于次要地位；使（球隊）降級”；B選項notorious“聲名狼藉的，臭名昭著的”，justified“證明……是正當?shù)?；替……辯護”；C選項hailed“稱贊；致敬；招呼”，understood“明白；懂得”；D選項ignored“忽略；不顧”，recognized“確認，承認；具結(jié)”。句意：《白鯨》現(xiàn)在被認為是美國文學史上的一部偉大作品，但它剛出版時卻幾乎___，直到許多年后，梅爾維爾的成就___。本句表達“《白鯨》剛出版時被人忽略，直到多年后，梅爾維爾的成就才被大家承認”。因此D選項正確。

19.單選題

They（）thehallwithpictures.

問題1選項

A.adorned

B.ornamented

C.supplied

D.trimmed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。adorn“裝飾”，一般指為了“美觀”而裝飾；ornament“裝飾，修飾”，多指比較“浮夸”的裝飾品，通常在描述很大的豪宅時用ornament比較多；supply“提供，供應”；trim“修剪，切除”。句中指的是用畫來裝飾大廳，所以選項A更恰當。

20.單選題

Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgrounds（）hisargumentinfavorofthenewtheory.

問題1選項

A.whichtobaseon

B.onwhichtobase

C.tobaseonwhich

D.whichtobebasedon

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語從句。根據(jù)句意：教授很難找到充分的理由來支撐自己支持新理論的論據(jù)。由此可知，要把hisargument建立在grounds的基礎(chǔ)上，即“basehisargumentsonthegrounds”，變成定語從句需要將介詞on提到關(guān)系代詞which的前面，即“onwhichtobasehisarguments”，所以選項B正確。

21.單選題

Whenplantingshrubberyitisadvisabletotamphedintaroundtherootaftercoveringthem.

問題1選項

A.intrigue

B.fertilize

C.packdown

D.tamperwith

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。題干tamp“搗實；壓實；塞緊”。A項“激起……的興趣；密謀”，B項“使受孕；施肥于”，C項“把……壓實”，D項“篡改；干預”。因此選C。句意：種植灌木叢時，建議將其覆蓋后夯實在根部周圍。

22.單選題

Inthefilmwesawlastnight,thehero（）hiswifetodeathwithhissword.

問題1選項

A.throat

B.thrust

C.trust

D.thread

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近異義動詞辨析。A選項throat“用嗓音說”；B選項thrust“插入，猛刺”；C選項trust“信任”；D選項thread“通過，穿線于”。句意：在我們昨晚看的電影中，英雄用劍刺死了他的妻子。選項B符合語境。

23.翻譯題

Thecollapseofbeliefwehavebeenwitnessingthroughoutthetwentiethcenturycomeswithglobalism.Thepostmodemconditionisnotanartisticmovementoraculturalfadoranintellectualtheory-althoughitproducesallofthoseandisinsomewaysdefinedbythem.Itiswhatinevitablyhappensaspeopleeverywherebegintoseethattherearemanybeliefs,manykindsofbelief,manywaysofbelieving.Postmodernismisglobalism;itisthehalf-discoveredshapeoftheoneunitythattranscendsallourdifferences.

Inaglobal—andglobalizingera,alloftheoldstructuresofpoliticalreality,alltheoldwaysofsayingwhoweareandwhatweareforandwhatweareagainst,seemtobemeltingawayintoair.

Howtohaveanidentityinsuchaworld?Nationalismbecomessemi-obsoletebeforeitevencompletesitsconquest;nationalgovernmentseverywherearechallengedfromfrontandrear,pastandfuture.Theyareforcedtodobattleagainstpre-modemtribalandethnicidentitiesevenastheyresistthethreatstotheirfragilesovereigntiesthatareposedbyinternationalorganizationandmovementsandeconomicforces.Theweakernationalsovereigntyisasanabsoluteprinciple,thelesssecureweareindefiningourselvesaccordingtonationalcitizenship.

Howaboutideology?ThroughouttheeraoftheColdWar,globalideologiesseemedtobereplacingnationalloyaltiesasthesupremedefinersofpoliticalreality.

Foratime,theworldappearedtobedividedintotwoopposedbeliefsystemsratherthanintomanynations.

Buttheinternationalideologiesneverquitemanagedtoseparatethemselvesfromnationalism(Marxismhadaparticularlyhardtimewiththat,waswidelysuspectedofbeingmerelyatoolofRussianambitions),andtodayhardlyanybodyotherthanafewintransigentcommunistsanddie-hardanti-communistsbelievethattheworldispoliticallybipolar.

Religionisstillapotentdefinerofpoliticalrealityandstillanexplosiveone—wemaystillbehavingholywarswhenwehavestoppedhavinganyotherkind—butitisalsothemostvulnerableofalltobeingunveiledasacreationofthehumanmind.

Eachofthesesetsofcategories,eachofthesewaysthatpeopleconstructwhotheyareandwhattheybelieveisincreasinglychimerical,capableofevaporatinginamomentwhenpeoplelookattheworldwithdifferenteyes.

Classandracemayprovetobemoredurabledefinersofreality,morestablemarkersofwhois‘us’andwhois‘them’.Buteachofthose,too,becomesanythingbutpredictableinapostmodernworld.ThewretchedoftheearthmaybeaforceforrebelliouschangebecausetheybelievesomeformofMarxistdoctrineaboutclassconflict,ormerelybecausetheyceasetobelieveinthevarioussocialconstructionsofrealitythatheldtheirconditiontobepartofGod’sownarrangement.Oppressedracesgrowskeptical(astheworldgainsunderstandingofthegamesoppressorsplay)aboutthesocialconstructionsofrealitythatdefinetheirplaceandstrivetokeeptheminit.

【答案】后現(xiàn)代主義正在全球化，據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，它是以超越我們所有的差異形成統(tǒng)一的半形狀形成的。

作為一項絕對原則，國家主權(quán)越弱，我們根據(jù)國家公民身份對自己的定義就越不安全。

有一段時間，這個世界被劃分成兩個對立的信仰系統(tǒng)，而不是被劃分成許多的國家。

階級和種族可能被證明是對現(xiàn)實更加持久的定義者，是“我們”和“他們”之間最穩(wěn)定的標志。

被壓迫者對現(xiàn)實的社會結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生了懷疑(因為世界對壓迫者所玩的游戲有了更多的了解)，而現(xiàn)實的社會結(jié)構(gòu)定義了他們的位置，并努力將他們留在其中。

24.單選題

Withthegradualimprovementoftransportationandcommunications,farmrshavenowhadeasier（

）tocitiesandtowns.

問題1選項

A.access

B.reach

C.approach

D.touch

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。haveaccessto有接觸（或進入、使用）的機會。句意：隨著交通和通訊的逐漸改善，農(nóng)民現(xiàn)在更容易進入城鎮(zhèn)。故答案A。

25.單選題

TheDepartmentofResourcesnotifiedthetowncouncilthatthewatersupplywas______.

問題1選項

A.contemplated

B.contaminated

C.contemned

D.consulted

【答案】B

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。A項contemplate“沉思，注視”，B項contaminate“污染”，C項contemn“蔑視，侮辱”，D項consult“請教，商議”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞watersupply“水源”可知，最搭配的是B項。句意：資源部門告知市議會，水源受到污染。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

26.單選題

Inmostcountries,thelawonorgantransplantationispoorlydefined.Theexistingframework__1__tophysicalassaultandcareofthedeadhasno__2__fororgantransplantation.Itis__3__togetthepermissionoftherelatives,__4__becauseorgan__5__musttakeplaceimmediatelyafterdeath,itmaybeimpossibletoreachtherelatives__6__time.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthereshouldbeawidespreadcampaigntoencouragepersonsto__7__intheirwillsthattheirorgansbeusedfortransplantation.An__8__istoprovidebylawthatpermissionis__9__unlessremovalhasbeenforbiddenbytheindividualinhislifetime.Itis,ofcourse,importantthatthere__10__publicreassurancethatconsiderationoftransplantationwouldnot__11__normalresuscitativeeffortsofthe__12__donor.Transplantationhasobviously__13__importantethicalconsiderations__14__thediagnosisofdeath.Everyeffortmustbemadeto__15__theheartbeattosomeonewhohashadasuddencardiacarrestor__16__tosomeonewhocannotbreathe.__17__,artificialrespirationandmassageoftheheart,thestandardmethodsofresuscitation,mustbecontinued__18__itisclearthatthebrainisdead.Mostphysiciansconsiderthat__19__thispointeffortsatresuscitationare__20__.

問題1選項

A.relating

B.associated

C.associating

D.related

問題2選項

A.description

B.provision

C.rule

D.statement

問題3選項

A.impossible

B.vital

C.ritual

D.customary

問題4選項

A.and

B.or

C.but

D.then

問題5選項

A.replacement

B.transplantation

C.removal

D.burial

問題6選項

A.at

B.in

C.on

D.within

問題7選項

A.say

B.provide

C.supply

D.mention

問題8選項

A.alt