考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吐魯番職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吐魯番職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Shesuddenlysawacougarperchedonthefencereadytoswooponherson.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pounceon

B.aimat

C.glideupon

D.attackagainst

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.pounceon猛撲；突然襲擊B.aimat針對(duì)；瞄準(zhǔn)

C.glideupon滑翔在……上D.attackagainst襲擊

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞cougar（美洲獅）可推知，這只獅子是猛撲向她兒子，所以swoopon表示“猛撲”的意思，A項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)詞義不符合句中所選詞匯。

【句意】她突然看見(jiàn)一只美洲獅停在籬笆上，準(zhǔn)備撲向她兒子。

2.單選題

TheprominentBritishsurgeonJosephListerpioneeredtheuseofcarbolicacidto______surgicalinstruments,suturesandwounddressing,therebypreventinginfectionofwounds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.obviate

B.desolate

C.mandate

D.sterilize

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)obviate“排除，避免，消除”，B項(xiàng)desolate“使荒涼，使孤寂”，C項(xiàng)mandate“授權(quán)，托管”，D項(xiàng)sterilize“消毒，殺菌，使成不毛”。根據(jù)therebypreventinginfectionofwounds“從而防止傷口感染”可知，sterilize符合語(yǔ)境。句意：著名的英國(guó)外科醫(yī)生JosephLister率先使用石炭酸消毒手術(shù)器械、縫合線和傷口敷料，從而防止傷口感染。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thelovethat（）takesupresidenceinthesoulandhelpscompleteus.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.stands

B.bears

C.endure

D.lengthens

【答案】C

【解析】stand"忍受,抵抗";bear"忍受,支撐";endure"持續(xù),忍耐";lengthen"變長(zhǎng),延長(zhǎng)"。句意：愛(ài)持續(xù)占據(jù)靈魂,使我們變得完整。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

4.案例題

Apowerfulpersonalgrowthtoolisthe30-daytrial.ThisisaconceptIborrowedfromthesharewareindustry,whereyoucan（1）atrialversionofapieceofsoftwareandtryitoutrisk-freefor30daysbeforeyou'rerequiredtobuythe（2）version.It'salsoagreatwaytodevelopnew（3）,andbestofall,it'sbrain-deadsimple.Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabitlikeanexerciseprogramor（4）abadhabitlikesuckingoncancersticks.Weallknowthatgetting（5）andstickingwiththenewhabitforafewweeksisthehardpart.Onceyou'veovercomeinertia,it'smucheasiertokeepgoing.Yetweoftenpsycheourselvesoutofgettingstartedby（6）thinkingaboutthechangeassomething（7）beforewe'veevenbegun.Itseemstoooverwhelmingtothinkaboutmakingabigchangeand（8）withiteverydayfortherestofyourlifewhenyou'restillhabituatedtodoingthe（9）.Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,themoreyou（10）whereyouare.Butwhatifyouthoughtaboutmakingthechangeonly（11）sayfor30days—andthenyou'refreetogobacktoyouroldhabits?Thatdoesn'tseemsohardanymore.Exercisedailyforjust30days,thenquit,maintaina（12）organizeddeskfor30days,thenslackoff.Readforanhouradayfor30days,thengobacktowatchingTV.

Couldyoudoit?Itstill（13）abitofdisciplineandcommitment,butnotnearlysomuchasmakingapermanentchange.Any（14）deprivationisonlytemporary.Youcan（15）downthedaystofreedom.Andforatleast30days,you'llgainsomebenefit.It,'snotsobaD.Youcanhandleit.It'sonlyonemonthoutofyourlife.

Directions:Chooseoneappropriatewordfromthefollowingwordbanktofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to15inthepassagebelow,Changethewordformwherenecessary.Rememberthebankcontainssomeextrawordsthatmaynotbeusedinfillinganyoftheblanks.WritethewordsintheircorrectformswiththecorrespondingnumbersontheAnswerSheet.

Temporary

download

commitment

neatly

require

mentally

count

opposite

stay

discipline

permanent

habit

overcome

stick

adopt

full

free

perceive

quit

start

【答案】1.download

2.full

3.habits

4.quit

5.started

6.mentally

7.permanent

8.sticking

9.opposite

10.stay

11.commitment

12.neatly

13.requires

14.perceived

15.count

【解析】1.根據(jù)句意,下載某種軟件,用downloadsoftware。

2.fullversion指完整版。句意：下載某個(gè)軟件的免費(fèi)試用版使用30天后,你會(huì)被要求購(gòu)買完整版。

3.從下文的"Let'ssayyouwanttostartanewhabit."可推測(cè),填空處也應(yīng)該填入habit,且為復(fù)數(shù)。

4.quitabadhabit指改正某個(gè)壞習(xí)慣。

5.根據(jù)句意：我們都知道,開(kāi)始并堅(jiān)持幾個(gè)星期的新習(xí)慣是困難的。先開(kāi)始才能堅(jiān)持。

6.根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知這里應(yīng)該用副詞修飾thinking,根據(jù)上文的psych推斷mentally正確。

7.根據(jù)下文"Themoreyouthinkaboutthechangeassomethingpermanent,..."可知此處也應(yīng)填入permanent。

8.stickwith堅(jiān)持,文中多次出現(xiàn)。

9.dotheopposite為固定用法,意為背道而馳。

10.根據(jù)句意：你越認(rèn)為這種改變是永久性的,你就會(huì)在原地待得越久。這里指保持現(xiàn)狀。

11.make…commitment為固定搭配,意為"做出……的承諾"。

12.maintainaneatlyorganizeddesk保持課桌的干凈整潔。

13.根據(jù)句意：盡管它依然完成了一些紀(jì)律和承諾,但遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有達(dá)到永久改變的程度。

14.句意：任何感知到的剝奪都只是暫時(shí)的。

15.countdown為固定搭配,意為"倒數(shù)"。

5.單選題

（）conflictamongcity-statescausedtheeventualdeclineofGreekcivilization.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Continuous

B.Continual

C.Constant

D.Contrary

【答案】B

【解析】句意:城邦之間的持續(xù)沖突導(dǎo)致了希臘文明的最終衰落。

考查形容詞辨析。continuous和continual都有“連續(xù)的，持續(xù)的”意思，但continuous強(qiáng)調(diào)“不間斷”而continual強(qiáng)調(diào)“頻繁，反復(fù)”。Constant不變的，恒定的；contrary相反的，對(duì)立的。這里是用來(lái)形容城邦間的沖突，故選B。

6.翻譯題

Severalyearsago,aformerSaudioilministerissuedwhathassincebecomeanoft-quotedprophecy:“TheStoneAgedidnotendforlackofstone,andtheOilAgewillendlongbeforetheworldrunsoutofoil”.Itwasalament,andacknowledgementthatadayofreckoningwascomingthatwouldchangetheglobalbalanceofwealthandpower.AflukeofgeologyhadmadethevastemptinessoftheSaudidesertthenumberonesourceofthemostimportantcommodityonearth.Butthegoodtimeswouldnot,andcouldnot,lastforever,andheknewit.

Ifyougobackfarenough,youcantracetheprosperityandsecurityofnations,corporations,andevenindividualstoenergy.Andinourpetroleum-dependentworld,that,forthemostpart,meansOilGovernmentriseandfallonit,armiesrunonit,companiesrelyonit,andconsumersdependonitfromthetimetheywaketotheirclockradiostothemomenttheyturnofftheirTVsandfallasleep.Forthepastcentury,despiterisingpricesandoccasional“crises”—moreoftenthannotmanufacturedeventsresultingfrompoliticaloreconomicforces—therehasalwaysbeenenoughoilavailabletokeeptheenginesofglobalgrowthhumming.Butthatisaluxuryofthepast.Inthefuture,anewanduncertainenergyageisemerging.

【答案】幾年前，一位前沙特石油部長(zhǎng)發(fā)表了這一預(yù)言，后來(lái)成為人們經(jīng)常引用的預(yù)言：“石器時(shí)代并沒(méi)有因?yàn)槿鄙偈^而結(jié)束，石油時(shí)代將在世界石油枯竭之前結(jié)束?！彼吹爻姓J(rèn)，清算的日子即將到來(lái)，全球財(cái)富與權(quán)力的平衡將會(huì)被改變。地理上的意外收獲使廣袤空曠的沙特沙漠成為地球上最重要商品的最重要的來(lái)源。但是，美好的時(shí)光不可能永遠(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去，他很清楚這一點(diǎn)。

如果你追溯到足夠久遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)代，你可以將國(guó)家的安全和繁榮、企業(yè)甚至個(gè)人都能與能源聯(lián)系起來(lái)。在我們這個(gè)依賴石油的世界上，在很大程度上，這意味著石油政府依賴于石油而起起落落，軍隊(duì)依賴于它而運(yùn)行，公司依賴它，消費(fèi)者也依賴它，當(dāng)他們從收音機(jī)的鬧鐘中醒來(lái)的時(shí)候，直到他們關(guān)掉電視睡著的那一刻。在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，盡管價(jià)格不斷上漲，偶爾也會(huì)發(fā)生危機(jī)，但往往是政治或經(jīng)濟(jì)力量造成的事件，使得總有足夠的石油供應(yīng)提供動(dòng)力，來(lái)維持全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)。但這是過(guò)去的奢侈。未來(lái)，一個(gè)新的、不確定的能源時(shí)代正在形成。

7.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Microsoftisnolongertheworld’sbiggestcompanybymarketcapitalization.ThereotherU.Scompanieshaveovertakenthesoftwaregiantintermsofstockmarketvalue.Thefirm’svaluehasgonedownsharplyby41%sofarthisyear,fromnearly$600billionto$358billion.Muchofthereasonforthefallhasbeentheuncertaintypromptedbytheon-goinganti-trustcase.IthasbeenovertakenbyGeneralElectric,nowworth$506billion,Intel,worth$441billionandCiscoSystems,$436billion.

OverthepastyearMicrosoftshareshavemoveddownwardsfromahighof$120to$68inearlytradingon7June.MeanwhilerivalCiscohasseenitssharepriceriseby$25tomorethan$60asthecompanyhasgaineditsroleinprovidingthehardwarefortheInternet.AndformostoftheyearithasbeencompetingwithcomputerchipmakerIntelforthesecondplace.Intel’sPentiumchipsarewidelyusedinpersonalcomputersworldwide.

Thecompanythatnowholdsthetitleoftheworld’biggestcompanyisanindustrialgiantwhichmakeseverythingfromtoasterstojetengines.GEhassalesof$110billion—nearlytentimesthatofMicrosoftand340,000employeesworldwide.Ithasseenitsprofitsgrowby15%ayearto$11billion.GECapitalServices,itsfinancialsubsidiary,makeupnearlyhalfitssales.GEproducespowergenerationsystems,locomotive,medicalimagingequipmentandelectricalappliances.ItalsoowntheU.StelevisionnetworkNBCanditsfinancialnewssubsidiary,CNBC,andironically,ajointventurewithMicrosofttoprovidenewsontheInternet.

Microsoft’ssharesnowfaceafurtherperiodofuncertaintyasthecompany’slegalbattlecontinues.Itcouldalsofacedifficultyinrecruitingandretainingemployeeswhosepayhasbeenboostedbytheirshareoptions.TheSeattlebasedfirmislikelytogotoanappealscourtonanyrulings.Itcouldsufferfurtherlossesfromlawsuitsbroughtbycompetitors,whowouldbeabletoclaimtripledamagesforanylossessuffered.Andwithitsenergyandresourcestiedupinthelawsuits,thecompanymayfinditdifficulttocontinuetoinnovateinthefuture,ormovesoaggressivelytobuyupcompetitors.

1.Microsoft’ssharesaredevalueddrasticallyowingto（

）.

2.CiscoSystem’ssharepricehasrisenconsiderably（

）.

3.WhichisnowthesecondbiggestcompanyintheUnitedStates?

4.WhichofthefollowingcompaniesisownedbyGeneralElectricandMicrosofttogether?

5.WhyisitdifficultforMicrosofttoretainemployees?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fiercecompetitionfromrivals

B.itsinvolvementinalawsuit

C.thecourtrulings

D.thedecreaseinsalesvolume

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.afterithasovertakenpartofMicrosoft’sshares

B.afterithasbeatenIntelandrisentothesecondplace

C.sinceithasgainedafirmfootinginthemarket

D.becauseitisdevelopingjointlywithMicrosoft

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.GeneralElectric

B.Intel

C.CiscoSystems

D.GECapitalServices

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.GECapitalServices

B.NBC

C.CNBC

D.MSNBC

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Becauseitfacesanuncertainfuture.

B.Becauseitwillhaveprobleminnovatingitself.

C.Becauseitwillhaveproblempayingthem.

D.Becauseitmaybeboughtupbyitscompetitorsoneday.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：微軟公司市值急劇下降的原因是……。A選項(xiàng)“與對(duì)手的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”；B選項(xiàng)“卷入到一場(chǎng)訴訟中”C選項(xiàng)“法院裁決”；D選項(xiàng)“銷售量的下降”根據(jù)題干定位到第一段倒數(shù)第二句話Muchofthereasonforthefallhasbeentheuncertaintypromptedbytheon-goinganti-trustcase.（股價(jià)下跌的主要原因是正在進(jìn)行的反壟斷案引發(fā)的）。所以答案是B，文中沒(méi)有提到法院的裁決所以不能選C。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：思科系統(tǒng)公司的股價(jià)上升……。A選項(xiàng)“在它超過(guò)了微軟的部分股份之后”；B選項(xiàng)“在擊敗英特爾并上升到第二位之后”；C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)在市場(chǎng)上站穩(wěn)了腳跟”；D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗呛臀④浐献鏖_(kāi)發(fā)的”。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段第二句話…asthecompanyhasgaineditsroleinprovidingthehardwarefortheInternet.（……當(dāng)該公司已經(jīng)在為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)提供硬件方面獲得了自己的角色），C選項(xiàng)是這句話的同義替換，所以答案選C；文中沒(méi)有提及股價(jià)上升的具體時(shí)間也沒(méi)有說(shuō)該公司加入了微軟，所以A、B、D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：那個(gè)公司是現(xiàn)在美國(guó)第二大的公司。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段最后一句話IthasbeenovertakenbyGeneralElectric,nowworth$506billion,Intel,worth$441billionandCiscoSystems,$436billion.（它已經(jīng)被價(jià)值5060億美元的通用電氣、價(jià)值4410億美元的英特爾和價(jià)值4360億美元的思科系統(tǒng)所超越。）微軟原本是第一，后來(lái)被這三家公司超過(guò)，排在第二的是因特爾公司，所以答案選B。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干：下列哪一家公司是通用電氣和微軟共同擁有的？根據(jù)題干定位到第三段最后一句…anditsfinancialnewssubsidiary,CNBC,andironically,ajointventurewithMicrosofttoprovidenewsontheInternet.（以及它的金融新聞子公司CNBC，諷刺的是，這是它與微軟成立的一家提供互聯(lián)網(wǎng)新聞的合資公司。），因此答案選C。

第5題:判斷推理題。題干：為什么微軟很難留住員工？A選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兠媾R一個(gè)不確定的未來(lái)”B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗麄兒茈y做到創(chuàng)新”；C選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗鼘l(fā)不出工資”；D選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)榭傆幸惶焖鼤?huì)被對(duì)手買下”根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段第二句話Itcouldalsofacedifficultyinrecruitingandretainingemployeeswhosepayhasbeenboostedbytheirshareoptions.（該公司還可能在招聘和留住員工方面面臨困難，這些員工的工資由他們的股票期權(quán)推動(dòng)）和第四句話Itcouldsufferfurtherlossesfromlawsuitsbroughtbycompetitors,whowouldbeabletoclaimtripledamagesforanylossessuffered.（如果競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手提起訴訟，它可能會(huì)遭受更大的損失，而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手則可以就其遭受的任何損失要求三倍的賠償）。從這兩句可以看出員工工資隨著股票的漲動(dòng)而動(dòng)，但是微軟可能還會(huì)遭受另一些訴訟，所以答案選A，C選項(xiàng)文章沒(méi)有提及；定位到文章最后一段最后一句話Andwithitsenergyandresourcestiedupinthelawsuits,thecompanymayfinditdifficulttocontinuetoinnovateinthefuture,ormovesoaggressivelytobuyupcompetitors.（由于公司的能源和資源都被官司纏身，該公司可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在未來(lái)很難繼續(xù)創(chuàng)新，或采取激進(jìn)的行動(dòng)收購(gòu)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手。）由此可知文章指的是微軟現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不能把對(duì)手買下了，不是被對(duì)手買下，所以錯(cuò)誤；而不能創(chuàng)新不是不能留住員工的原因，所以C不能選。

8.單選題

Cultureistransmittedlargelybylanguageandbythenecessityforpeopleinclosecontacttocooperate.Themoreextensivethecommunicationsnetwork,thegreatertheexchangeofideasandbeliefsandthemorealikepeoplebecome—intolerationofdiversityifnothingelse.Membersofacultureoranationaregenerallyinclosercontactwithoneanotherthanwithmembersofotherculturesornations.Theybecomemorelikeeachotherandmoreunlikeothers.Inthisway,theredevelops“nationalcharacter”，whichisthestatisticaltendencyforagroupofpeopletosharevaluesandfollowsimilarbehaviorpatterns.

Frequently,themembersofoneculturewillinterpretthe“nationalcharacteristics”ofanothergroupintermsoftheirownvalues.Forexample,theinhabitantsofaSouthPacificislandmaybeconsidered“l(fā)azy”bycitizensofsomeindustrializednations.Ontheotherhand,itmaybethattheislandersplaceagreatvalueonsocialrelationshipsbutlittlevalueon“productivity”，andcropsgrowwithlittleattention.Thenegativeconnotationofthelabel“l(fā)azy”isthusunjustifiedfromthepointofviewoftheislandculture.

Stereotypes,suchas“l(fā)azy”，“inscrutable,”and“dishonest”givepeoplethesecurityoflabelswithwhichtoreacttoothersinasuperficialway,buttheyaredamagingtorealunderstandingamongmembersofdifferentcultures.Peoplereactmoretolabelsthantoreality.AblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer,forinstance,isconsideredandcalledawhitemanbyblackAfricans.The“we-they”distinctionappliestowhatevercharacteristicthe“wes’’haveandthe“theys’’donothave—andthecharacteristicsattributedtothe“theys”areusuallyoneswithanegativevalue.

Thedistinctionbecomesmostobviousintimesofconflict.Forthisreason,itisoftensuggestedtheonlythingthatmightjoinallmentogetheronthisplanetwouldbeaninvasionfromouterspace.“We”，theearthlings,wouldthenfight“them”，theoutsiders.

Giventhegreatdiversities—realandimagined—amongpeopleoftheworld,isthereanyfoundationforhopethatsomedayallmenmightjointogethertoformasingleandlegitimateworldgovernment?Theoutcomewillprobablydependonthepoliticalevolutionofmankind.

1.Whatmakespeoplemoretolerantofdiversitybetweendifferentgroups?

2.“Nationalcharacter”isbuiltamongpeoplewho（

）.

3.Tosomeindustrializednations,thementionedSouthPacificislandersare

（

）.

4.Withstereotypes,peopletendto

（

）.

5.WhatistrueabouttheblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer?

6.Itispossibletoformasingleandlegitimateworldgovernmentonlywhen（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Extensivecommunications.

B.Languagedevelopment.

C.Closecooperation.

D.Directinteractions.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.likeeachother

B.sharethesamevalues

C.speakthesamelanguage

D.thinkinthesameway

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.idle

B.carefree

C.inefficient

D.well-organized

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.reacttoeachotheronaregularbasis

B.seedifferentculturesindifferentways

C.taketheirowncultureasthebestofall

D.describeothercultureswithlabels

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.HewaswrongedbyhisfellowAfricanAmericans.

B.Hewasconsideredasadistinguishedvolunteer.

C.Hewasdiscriminatedagainstbythewhites.

D.HewasexcludedfromtheblackAfricans.

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearewillingtoabandontheir“nationalcharacter”

B.peopleofdifferentnationsholdsimilarpoliticalviews

C.humanbeingsasawholehaveonecommonenemy

D.humanbeingsareabletocontactbeingsinouterspace.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第一段第二句?！癟hemoreextensivethecommunicationsnetwork,thegreatertheexchangeofideasandbeliefsandthemorealikepeoplebecome…（交際網(wǎng)絡(luò)越廣泛，思想和信仰的交流就越多，人與人之間的相似之處也就越多。）”，從而得出本題答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息?？蓪⑿畔Ⅻc(diǎn)定位至原文第一段最后一句?！癐nthisway,theredevelops‘nationalcharacter,’whichisthestatisticaltendencyforagroupofpeopletosharevaluesandfollowsimilarbehaviorpatterns（這樣，就形成了“民族性”，這是一群人分享價(jià)值觀和遵循相似行為模式的統(tǒng)計(jì)趨勢(shì)）”，即可得出本題答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段?！癋orexample,theinhabitantsofaSouthPacificislandmaybeconsidered‘lazy’by...（例如，南太平洋島嶼的居民可能被認(rèn)為是“懶惰的”……）”，從而得出本題答案。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第一句。根據(jù)“givepeoplethesecurityoflabelswithwhichtoreacttoothers（給人們安全的標(biāo)簽，讓他們對(duì)他人做出反應(yīng)）”，即可得出本題答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第三句。根據(jù)“AblackAmericanPeaceCorpsvolunteer,forinstance,isconsideredandcalledawhitemanbyblackAfricans.（例如，美國(guó)和平隊(duì)的黑人志愿者被非洲黑人認(rèn)為是白人，并被稱為白人。）”即可得出本題答案。

6.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干信息，可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文最后一段。“Theoutcomewillprobablydependonthepoliticalevolutionofmankind.（其結(jié)果可能將取決于人類的政治演變。）”從而得出本題答案。

9.單選題

Onemajorobstacle[A]toeconomicdevelopmentispopulationgrowth.[B]Thepopulationsofmostdevelopingcountriesgrowataratemuchfasterthan[C]thatofindustrializedcountries.Onereasonforthisgrowthisthehighcrudebirth-rate—thenumberof[D]livebirthsper1,000people.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.Thepopulations

C.that

D.livebirths

【答案】C

【解析】考查代詞用法。B選項(xiàng)與C選項(xiàng)中間有比較標(biāo)志than說(shuō)明兩者之間有比較。C選項(xiàng)的that指代thepopulations，應(yīng)與前面的復(fù)數(shù)形式保持一致，應(yīng)把that改為those。

10.寫作題

Directions:Opinionsvaryaboutthemostimportantfactorthatinfluencesastudent’ssuccessinschool.Somepeoplearguethatthemostimportantfactorisagoodteacher.Giveyourcommentbyusingspecificreasonsandexamples.Pleasewriteanessayonthistopicinnolessthan200wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】【參考范文】

Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonwhatisthemostimportantfactortoinfluencestudents’successinschool.Somepeoplethinkthemostimportantfactoristhestudents’intellectualabilityorstudents’interestinlearning,whileothersbelievethatateacherwithrichteachingexperienceisthemostimportant,becausesuchateachercangivestudentsthemostaccurateguidanceinclass.Personally,Ibelievethattherearemanyfactorsthataffectstudents’academicperformance,althoughteachersareimportant,thefoundationoflearninglieswiththestudentsthemselves.

Firstly,studentsarethesubjectsoflearningandthebearersoflearningtasks.Iftheyarenotwillingtolearn,orthereareproblemsinlearningmethodsandattitudes,itisquitenormalthattheydonothaveobviousachievements.Therefore,inordertogetstudentstodowell,thefirstproblemtobesolvedshouldbetoarousestudents’learningenthusiasm,teachthemthelearningmethodsandskillstheyshouldhave,andmakethemwillingtolearn,otherwiseothereffortswillbeinvain.

Secondly,theteacher’steachingisalsoveryimportant.Therealmastersarethosewhoaregoodatsimplifyingcomplexproblems,notthoseso-calledexpertswhoaremystifying.Iftheteachercansystemizethefragmentedknowledge,simplifythecomplexknowledge,maketheboringknowledgeinteresting,andteachsomelearningskills,itwillgreatlyreducethedifficultyofstudents’learning,sothatmorestudentswillbewillingtolearn.Butit’sallbasedonstudents’willingnesstolearn.

Inconclusion,themostimportantfactoraffectingstudents’academicperformanceisthestudentsthemselves.Ifwecanworkonthefactorsthatcanbechanged,Ibelievethatourstudents’performancewillimprove.

11.單選題

ThoughonemayquestionthedegreetowhichtheCivilWarrepresentsamilestoneinwomen’spursuitofsocial,economic,andpoliticalequality,Leonard’srecentstudyhasexcelledthatofherpredecessorGinzbergindebunkingpersistentmythsaboutwomen’sprimaryrelationtothewarasweepingwidows,self-sacrificingwives,patrioticfiancees,andloyaldaughters.Leonardasksifthewartimeworkofnorthernwomeninfluencedpopularperceptionsofwomen’sabilities,andifhomefrontproductionwereseenascontributingtothereadinessofsoldiers.Findingintheaffirmative,shearguesthathomefrontactivitiesgeneratedrespectforwomen’sorganizationaltalentsandopenedupnewworkopportunitiesforwomen,whileparticipationreinforcedtheirself-relianceandself-esteem.

Incontrasttoherpredecessors,whosawthewarastransformingtheideologyofbenevolence,Leonardfindsthatwomen’swarworkdrewheavilyupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.Itwasoncebelievedthatwartimebenevolenceheightenedchangesemerginginthe1850sbyreplacingtheantebellumideologyofgenderdifferenceandfemalemoralsuperioritywithanewideologyofgendersimilarityandamoremasculineethosofdisciplineandefficiency.Leonardassertsinsteadthatwhite,middle-class,Yankee,charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhoodand,inparticular,woman’suniquemoralresponsibilityformaintainingcommunityandhernaturalselflessnessandcaretakingabilities,toexpandtheboundariesofwoman’sproperplace.Withdeterminationandcourage,womenbroughtforthpositivechangesinpopularcharacterizationsofmiddle-classwomanhoodthatopenednewdoorsforwomenintheprofessionsandinpubliclife.

AweakpointofLeonard’stheoryisherassessmentofthethemesofpostwarhistoriesofwomen’swartimeservice.Leonardviewstheseworksasextollingwomen’sself-sacrificeandabilitytocooperatemenwhiledownplayingwomen’sdemandsforstatusandpayandignoringthescopeofwomen’sadministrativegenius.Butothertheorists,mostnotablyGinzbergthavearguedthatthesesameworksmayalsobeviewedaspraisingtheefficiencyofthenewcentralizedandnationalcharitableorganizations,women’swage-earningcapacity,andtheirsubordinationoffemininefeelingandenthusiasmtobusiness-likeandwar-likeroutinizationandorder.Twosetsofvalues—oldernotionsofbenevolenceandnewdemandsofpublicservice—wereatwarintheNorth,awarthatcanbeplottedthroughtensionsaboutpayingwages,centralizingcorporatefunctionsofbenevolence,relatingbenevolencetogovernment,andusingfundsforadministrative—asopposedtostrictlycharitable—purposes.Itmaywellbethatwartimemasculinizationoftheideologyofbenevolencepushedwomenfurtherfromboththesymbolicandtherealcentersofpowerforsocialchangeandhastenedinsteadaclass-basedallianceforsocialwelfare.ButwecanagreewithLeonardthatthewarforcedmentoyieldground,sharingandsometimesevensurrenderingterritory,power,andstatusinthepublicrealm.

25.WhichoftheFollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?

26.Accordingtothepassage，Leonardassertsthatwomen’sactivitiesduringtheCivilWarhadallofthefollowingpositiveeffectsEXCEPT

27.Itcanbeinferred-fromthepassagethatLeonardwouldagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsregardingthestatusofwomenduringtheCivilWar?

I.Antebellumvalueswereexpanded,notreplaced,inordertodevelopnewdefinitionsofwomanhood.

II.Historianshavepaidinsufficientattentiontodemandsforhigherstatuswomenmadeduringthewar.

III.Onthewhole,thewarwasdetrimentaltotheperceptionofwomen.

28.ItcanbeinferredthatLeonardwouldmostlikelyconsiderwhichofthefollowinghypotheticalcasesofCivilWarwomentheLEASTsupportiveofherthesis?

29.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?

30.WithwhichofthefollowingcriticismsofLeonard'stheorywouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoagree?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheInfluenceofElizabethLeonardonHistoriansofFeminismintheCivilWar

B.Leonard’sExplanationofHowtheCivilWarImprovedthePlightofWomen

C.FeminismintheCivilWar:NewControversyAboutanOldSubject

D.TheHeritageofBenevolence:TheCivilWar’sContributiontoWomen'sCharitableOrganizations

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theywerepraisedasaidingthewarcause.

B.Theyimprovedwomen'seconomicsituation.

C.Theywereconsideredproofofwomen’sabilitiestoorganizethemselves.

D.Theycreatednewoccupationalopportunitiesforwomen.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ionly

B.IIonly

C.IandIIonly

D.I,II,andIII

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Awidowwhopatrioticallyrefusedtoremarry,evenafterhersoldierhusbandwaskilledinbattle

B.Awomanwhoshiftedfromworkingasaseamstresstorunninganarmyuniformfactory

C.AwomanwhodressedasaSouthernsoldierinordertocrossenemylinesasaspy

D.Awomanwhoestablishedacharityinordertocollectmoneyforprosthesesforwaramputees

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theauthorcomparesandcontraststheworkofseveralhistoriansandthendiscussesareasforpossiblenewresearch.

B.Theauthorpresentshisthesis,drawsontheworkofseveralhistoriansforevidencetosupporthisthesis,andconcludesbyreiteratinghisthesis,

C.Theauthordescribessomefeaturesofahistoricalstudyandthenusesthosefeaturestoputforthhisownargument

D.Theauthorpresentsthegeneralargumentofahistoricalstudy,describesthestudyinmoredetail,andconcludeswithabriefjudgmentofthestudy’svalue

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.Itlaystoomuchimportanceupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.

B.Itfailstoacknowledgethatmasculinizationofwar-timeeffortsmayhavebeendetrimentaltothefeministcause.

C.Ittendstooveremphasizetheroleofwomeninshiftingtheirstatusoverthecourseofthewar.

D.Itbasesitsthesistooexclusivelyonwhite,Yankee,middle-classwomen,ignoringeveryothersocialandracialclass.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

第6題:A

【解析】25.主旨大意題。通讀全文，可發(fā)現(xiàn)作者全文探討的重點(diǎn)是對(duì)于內(nèi)戰(zhàn)給女性（女權(quán)）帶來(lái)的影響，作者及其前輩研究者持有不同的觀點(diǎn)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“CivilWar”“women”“othertheorists…argue…”即可得出本題答案。

26.

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題?？蓪⑿畔Ⅻc(diǎn)定位至原文第一段，根據(jù)信息點(diǎn)“ifhomefrontproductionwereseenascontributingtothereadinessofsoldiers（是否后方生產(chǎn)被認(rèn)為有助于提高士兵的戰(zhàn)備）”“generatedrespectforwomen’sorganizationaltalentsandopenedupnewworkopportunitiesforwomen（尊重婦女的組織才能，為婦女創(chuàng)造新的工作機(jī)會(huì)）”，即可得出A、C、D三項(xiàng)符合原文，而選項(xiàng)B原文并未提及，從而得出本題答案。

試題答案B

27.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段第三句和第四句，“Leonardassertsinsteadthatwhite,middle-class,Yankee,charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhoodand,inparticular,woman’suniquemoralresponsibilityformaintainingcommunityandhernaturalselflessnessandcaretakingabilities,toexpandtheboundariesofwoman’sproperplace.Withdeterminationandcourage,womenbroughtforthpositivechangesinpopularcharacterizationsofmiddle-classwomanhoodthatopenednewdoorsforwomenintheprofessionsandinpubliclife.”從而可判斷I與原文相符。而II、III明顯與原文不符，從而得出本題答案。

28.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。注意題干關(guān)鍵詞“theleastsupportive”，根據(jù)原文信息點(diǎn)“charitablewomenappropriatedtheantebellummoraldefinitionofwomanhood”“expandtheboundaries”“broughtforthpositivechanges”即可得出本題答案。

29.

結(jié)構(gòu)分析題。通讀全文后即可發(fā)現(xiàn)選項(xiàng)D最為吻合作者的行文結(jié)構(gòu)。從而得出本題答案。

30.

事實(shí)推斷題。根據(jù)原文第二段信息點(diǎn)“women’swarworkdrewheavilyupontheantebellumideologyofwomen’snatureandsphere.（婦女戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)工作在很大程度上借鑒了戰(zhàn)前婦女的性質(zhì)和范圍的意識(shí)形態(tài)。）”即可進(jìn)行合理推斷。從而得出本題答案。

12.單選題

MuchoftheresearchonhallucinogenicdrugssuchasLSDhasfocusedontheneurotransmitterserotonin,achemicalthatwhenreleasedfromaprescriptionserotonin-secretingneuroncausesthetransmissionofanerveimpulseacrossasynapsetoanadjacentpost-synaptic,ortargetneuron.Therear