考研考博-英語(yǔ)-哈爾濱金融學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-哈爾濱金融學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Wittinglyorunwittingly,ourcourtsarecreatingwhattheReverendRichardJohnNeuhauscallsa“nakedpublicsquare”,asecularcommunitydevoidofanyreligiouscommitments.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.deprivedof

B.divestedof

C.lackingin

D.exemptfrom

【答案】C

【解析】句意：無(wú)論是有意還是無(wú)意，我們正在創(chuàng)建理查德?約翰?紐豪斯牧師所說(shuō)的“赤裸的公共廣場(chǎng)”，一個(gè)……任何宗教信仰的世俗社區(qū)。A選項(xiàng)deprivedof“被剝奪的；嚴(yán)重匱乏的”；B選項(xiàng)divestedof“剝奪”；C選項(xiàng)lackingin“缺乏”；D選項(xiàng)exemptfrom“豁免；免除”。“赤裸的公共廣場(chǎng)”意味著沒(méi)有任何宗教信仰的束縛，因此C選項(xiàng)“缺乏”符合題意。

2.單選題

Nomenwereallowedto______onthelivelihoodofhisneighbor.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wade

B.invoke

C.muffle

D.infringe

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.wade涉水，跋涉；費(fèi)力行走B.invoke引起，懇求；調(diào)用

C.muffle蒙住，裹住；抑制D.infringe侵犯，違反；破壞

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“不允許任何人______鄰居的生活”可知，空格處填入“打擾，破壞”符合句意，只有D項(xiàng)符合。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】不允許任何人侵犯鄰居的生活。

3.單選題

Hewasveryintelligent,buthe（）therequirementforamanager.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fellshortof

B.ranshortof

C.ranoutof

D.frozeoutof

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。fellshortof達(dá)不到,缺乏;ranshortof快用完了;ranoutof用完;frozeoutof不是詞組。句意：他很聰明,但達(dá)不到管理職位的要求。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

4.單選題

What’shotfor2007amongtheveryrich?A$7.3milliondiamondring.AtriptoTanzaniatohuntwildanimals.Oh,andincomeinequality.

Sure,someleftistbillionaireslikeGeorgeSoroshavebeenrailingagainstinequalityforyears.Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestartingtoworryaboutincomeinequalityandthefateofthemiddleclass.

InDecember,MortimerZuckermanwroteacolumninU.S.New&WorldReport,whichheowns,“Ournation’scorebargainwiththemiddleclassisdisintegrating,”lamentedthe117th-richestmaninAmerica.“Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladder.Averageincomeforahouse-holdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinarow.”Henotedthat“TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankruptcy.”

WilburRossJr.hasechoedZuckerman’sangeroverthebitterstrugglesfacedbymiddle-classAmericans.“It’sanoutragethatanyAmerican’slifeexpectancyshouldbeshortenedsimplybecausethecompanytheyworkedforwentbankruptandendedhealth-carecoverage,”saidtheformerchairmanoftheInternationalSteelGroup.

What’shappening?TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandpolicy.GiventherecentchangeofcontrolinCongress,thepopularityofmeasureslikeincreasingtheminimumwage,andeffortsbyCalifornian’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare,theseguysdon’tneedtheirownpersonalweathermentoknowwhichwaythewindblows.It’spossiblethatplutocratsareexpressingsolidaritywiththestrugglingmiddleclassaspartofanefforttoinsulatethemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxpolicies.Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.

No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.

Inotherwords,ifmiddle-classAmericanscontinuetostrugglefranticallyastheultrawealthygroweverwealthier,itwillbeincreasinglydifficulttomaintainpoliticalsupportforthefreeflowofgoods,services,andcapitalacrossborders.AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.Forpeoplewhobuyandsellcompanies,orwhoallocatecapitaltomarketsallaroundtheworld,that’stherealnightmare.

61.WhatisthecurrenttopicofcommoninterestamongtheveryrichinAmerica?

62.WhatdowelearnfromMortimerZuckerman’slamentation?

63.Fromthefifthparagraphwecanlearnthat______.

64.Whatistherealreasonforplutocratstoexpresssolidaritywiththemiddleclass?

65.WhatmayhappeniftheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Thefateoftheultra-wealthypeople.

B.Thedisintegrationofthemiddleclass.

C.Theinequalityinthedistributionofwealth.

D.Theconflictbetweentheleftandtherightwing.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Manymiddle-incomefamilieshavefailedtomakeabargainforbetterwelfare.

B.TheAmericaneconomicsystemhascausedmanycompaniestogobankrupt.

C.TheAmericannationisbecomingmoreandmoredivideddespiteitswealth.

D.ThemajorityofAmericansbenefitlittlefromthenation’sgrowingwealth.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theveryricharefashion-conscious

B.theveryricharepoliticallysensitive

C.universalhealthcareistobeimplementedthroughoutAmerica

D.Congresshasgainedpopularitybyincreasingtheminimumwage

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywanttoprotectthemselvesfromconfiscatorytaxation.

B.Theyknowthatthemiddleclasscontributemosttosociety.

C.Theywanttogainsupportforglobaleconomicintegration.

D.Theyfeelincreasinglythreatenedbyeconomicinsecurity.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thepricesofimportedgoodswillinevitablysoarbeyondcontrol.

B.Theinvestorswillhavetomakegreateffortstore-allocatecapital.

C.Thewealthywillattempttobuyforeigncompaniesacrossborders.

D.Foreigncountrieswillplacethesameeconomicbarriersinreturn.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】61.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“當(dāng)前美國(guó)富人共同感興趣的話題是什么？”。第二段提到Butincreasingly,centristandright-wingbillionairesarestartingtoworryaboutincomeinequalityandthefateofthemiddleclass.（但越來(lái)越多的中間派和右翼億萬(wàn)富翁開始擔(dān)心收入不平等和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的命運(yùn)），可知當(dāng)前美國(guó)富人共同感興趣的話題是收入不平等和中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的命運(yùn)，所以C項(xiàng)“財(cái)富分配的不平等”正確。A項(xiàng)“超級(jí)富豪的命運(yùn)”和D項(xiàng)“左翼和右翼之間的沖突”在文中沒(méi)有提到；B項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的解體”太片面，美國(guó)富人擔(dān)心的是國(guó)家與中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的核心交易的瓦解。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

62.推理判斷題。題干意思是“我們從MortimerZuckerman的悲嘆中學(xué)到了什么？”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第三段，原文提到Mostofoureconomicgainshavegonetopeopleattheverytopoftheincomeladder.Averageincomeforahouse-holdofpeopleofworkingage,bycontrast,hasfallenfiveyearsinarow.（我們的大部分經(jīng)濟(jì)收益都流向了收入階梯最頂端的人；相比之下，工薪階層家庭的平均收入?yún)s連續(xù)5年下降），可推斷，盡管國(guó)家財(cái)富增長(zhǎng)，但大多流向了收入最頂端的人，大部分的美國(guó)人得到的越來(lái)越少，故D項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)美國(guó)人從國(guó)家不斷增長(zhǎng)的財(cái)富中獲益甚少”正確，由此也可知A項(xiàng)“許多中等收入家庭未能爭(zhēng)取到更好的福利”錯(cuò)誤；第三段最后一句講到TensofmillionsofAmericansliveinfearthatamajorhealthproblemcanreducethemtobankruptcy.（數(shù)以千萬(wàn)計(jì)的美國(guó)人生活在恐懼之中，擔(dān)心一個(gè)重大的健康問(wèn)題就會(huì)讓他們破產(chǎn)），由此可知B項(xiàng)“美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致許多公司破產(chǎn)”表述與原文不符；C項(xiàng)“美國(guó)國(guó)家變得越來(lái)越分裂，盡管它很富有”在該段沒(méi)有提到。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

63.推理判斷題。題干意思是“從第五段我們可以了解到……”。第五段第二句提到TheveryricharejustastrendyasyouandI,andcanbesowhenitcomestopoliticsandpolicy.（富人和你我一樣適應(yīng)潮流，在政治和政策方面也可以如此），可以推斷，富人在政治和政策方面也非常敏感，故B項(xiàng)“非常富有的人在政治上很敏感”正確。A項(xiàng)“非常富有的人有時(shí)尚意識(shí)”是文中的一個(gè)比較，用來(lái)突出富人在政治方面的敏感性，該項(xiàng)不選；由andeffortsbyCalifornian’sgovernortoofferuniversalhealthcare（以及加州州長(zhǎng)提供全民醫(yī)療保健的努力）這一句可知，C項(xiàng)“全民醫(yī)療保健將在整個(gè)美國(guó)實(shí)施”表述錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“國(guó)會(huì)通過(guò)提高最低工資獲得了歡迎”，文中只提到了國(guó)會(huì)提高最低工資等措施的流行，并沒(méi)有描述它的歡迎程度。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

64.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“富豪們表達(dá)與中產(chǎn)階級(jí)團(tuán)結(jié)一致的真正原因是什么？”。根據(jù)第六段No,whattheyfearwasthatthepoliticalchallengesofsustainingsupportforglobaleconomicintegrationwillbemoredifficultintheUnitedStatesbecauseofwhathashappenedtothedistributionofincomeandeconomicinsecurity.（不，他們擔(dān)心的是，由于收入分配不均和經(jīng)濟(jì)不安全，美國(guó)面臨的持續(xù)支持全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的政治挑戰(zhàn)將更加困難）可知，富豪們表達(dá)與中產(chǎn)階級(jí)團(tuán)結(jié)一致的真正原因是想得到全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的支持，故C項(xiàng)“他們希望獲得對(duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的支持”正確。由第五段最后一句Buttheprospectthatincomeinequalitywillleadtohighertaxesonthewealthydoesn’tkeepplutocratsupatnight.Theycanlivewiththat.（但收入不平等將導(dǎo)致對(duì)富人增稅的前景不會(huì)讓富豪們夜不能寐，他們承受得了）可知，A項(xiàng)“他們想保護(hù)自己不被沒(méi)收”和D項(xiàng)“他們感到越來(lái)越受到經(jīng)濟(jì)不安全感的威脅”不符合原文；B項(xiàng)“他們知道中產(chǎn)階級(jí)對(duì)社會(huì)貢獻(xiàn)最大”在文中沒(méi)有提及。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

65.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“如果美國(guó)對(duì)外國(guó)投資者和外國(guó)商品設(shè)置障礙，會(huì)發(fā)生什么？”。由最后一段倒數(shù)第二句AndwhentheUnitedStatesplacesobstaclesinthewayofforeigninvestorsandforeigngoods,it’slikelytoencouragereciprocalactionabroad.（當(dāng)美國(guó)為外國(guó)投資者和外國(guó)商品設(shè)置障礙時(shí)，很可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)國(guó)外的對(duì)等行動(dòng)）可知，如果美國(guó)對(duì)外國(guó)投資者和外國(guó)商品設(shè)置障礙，其他國(guó)家也會(huì)采取相應(yīng)的措施，故D項(xiàng)“外國(guó)將設(shè)置同樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)壁壘作為回報(bào)”正確。A項(xiàng)“進(jìn)口商品的價(jià)格將不可避免地飆升到無(wú)法控制的程度”、B項(xiàng)“投資者將不得不做出巨大的努力來(lái)重新配置資本”和C項(xiàng)“富人將試圖跨越國(guó)界購(gòu)買外國(guó)公司”在文中都未提及。因此，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Thisyearwilldifficultforthisorganizationbecause（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyhavelessmoneyandvolunteersthantheyhadlastyear

B.ithaslessmoneyandfewervolunteersthanithadlastyear

C.thelastyearitdidnothaveasfewvolunteersandmoney

D.therearefewermoneyandvolunteersthaninthelastyeartherewere

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。因?yàn)閘ittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞，few修飾可數(shù)名詞，money為不可數(shù)名詞，volunteer為可數(shù)名詞，選項(xiàng)A、C和D可排除，又因?yàn)榫渥颖硎颈容^所以用比較級(jí)less和fewer表示更少的。句意：今年對(duì)于組織來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)是困難的一年，因?yàn)橘Y金和志愿者都比去年更少了。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

6.單選題

The（

）ofthelakeiscoveredwithreedsandrushes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.beach

B.shore

C.coast

D.bank

【答案】B

【解析】句意:湖岸上覆蓋著蘆葦與雜草。

考查近義詞辨析。Beach海岸(主要指接近海水較為平坦的地方，其上往往覆蓋有沙子或碎石);shore水與陸地交界的“岸”（如：海岸、湖岸、河岸等）;coast海岸,海岸線（通常只能指“海岸”，不指湖岸或河岸）;bank大多指江河之岸,特別是高處水平以上的岸或堤岸。根據(jù)題干中的reedsandrushes(蘆葦和雜草)可知B項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Itisnotunusualforchiefexecutivestocollectmillionsofdollarsayearinpay,stockoptions,andbonuses.Inthelastfifteenyears,whileexecutiveremunerationrose,taxesinthehighestincomebracketwentdown.Millionairesarenowcommonplace.

Amiabilityisnotaprerequisiteforrisingtothetop,andthereareanumberofchiefexecutiveofficerswithlegendarybadtempers.Itisnottheboss’sjobtoworryaboutthewell-beingofhissubordinatesalthoughthemanwithmanyenemieswillbesweptoutmorequicklyinhardtimes;itisthecompanyheworriesabout.Hisbusinesssavvyissupposedtobebasedonintimateknowledgeofhiscompanyandtheindustry,sohegoeshomenightlywithafullbriefcase.Attheverytop—andonthewayup—executivesareexceedinglydedicated.

TheAmericanexecutivemustbecapableofenoughsmalltalktogethimthroughthesocialpartofhisschedule,butheisprobablynotahighlyculturedindividualoranintellectual.Althoughhiswifemaybeontheboardofthesymphonyoropera,hehimselfhaslittletimeforsuchpursuits.Hisreadingmaylargelyconcernbusinessandmanagement,despiteinterestsinotherfields.Golfprovideshimwithasportiveoutletthatcombineswithsomeusefulsocializing.

Thesedays,heprobablyattemptssomeformofaerobicexerciseto“keeptheoldheartinshape”andforthesamereasongoeseasyonbutterandalcohol,andsubstancesthoughttocontributetotakinghighlystressedexecutivesoutoftherunning.Buthisdoctor’sadmonitionto“takeiteasy”fallsondeafears.Helikestowork.Heknowsthereareyoungermennippingathisheels.

Corporatehead-hunting,carriedonby“executivesearchfirms”,isagrowingindustry.Americahasgreatfaithinindividualtalent,anddynamicandaggressiveexecutivesaresoindemandthatcompaniesregularlyraideachother’smanagerialranks.

1.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat（

）.

2.Theterm“aerobicexercise”(firstlineinsecondlastparagraph)isakindof（

）.

3.Fromthelastparagraphwecangatherthat（）.

4.Forexecutives,accordingtothearticle,agolfcourseisaplacewhere（）.

5.WhatisNOTtrueaccordingtothearticle?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.promotiondependsonamiability

B.chiefexecutivesdonotworkhardenoughatthetoplevel

C.itisthedutyofthechiefexecutivetolookafterthewell-beingofhissubordinates

D.achiefexecutiveisexpectedtoknowmoreabouthiscompanyandtheindustry

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.hallucinationexercise

B.physicalexercise

C.meditationexercise

D.entertainment

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therearetoomanyaggressiveexecutives

B.individualtalentisnotessentialforacompany

C.thejobofan“executivesearchfirm”iscorporatehead-hunting

D.itisnotcommonforcompaniestoundermineeachother’smanagerialranks

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theycanconducttheirbusiness

B.theycanindulgethemselves

C.theycancultivatetheirmind

D.theycanexerciseaswellassocialize

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Executivestendtoignoredoctors’adviceandwarnings.

B.Executivesaresensitivetopressurefromtheyoungergeneration.

C.Allchiefexecutivescanearnmillionsofdollarsayear.

D.Executivesarecarefulofwhattheyeat.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，選項(xiàng)A,B,C均表述錯(cuò)誤；只有選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.語(yǔ)義辨析題。根據(jù)原文句意可知，這種運(yùn)動(dòng)能夠“保持心臟健康”，由此可推測(cè)這是一種身體的鍛煉，選項(xiàng)中只有選項(xiàng)B正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段首句“Corporatehead-hunting,carriedonby“executivesearchfirms”,isagrowingindustry.”可知選項(xiàng)C與原文相符。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“golf”定位到第三段最后一句“Golfprovideshimwithasportiveoutletthatcombineswithsomeusefulsocializing.”高爾夫不僅提供了一個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所，還結(jié)合了一些有用的社交活動(dòng)。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Itisnotunusualforchiefexecutivestocollectmillionsofdollarsayearinpay,stockoptions,andbonuses.”高管們每年通過(guò)薪酬、股票期權(quán)和獎(jiǎng)金能獲得數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元，這并不罕見。原文并沒(méi)說(shuō)所有的主管都年入百萬(wàn)，選項(xiàng)C表述太絕對(duì)，所以不正確。

8.單選題

Redeemingyourcarfromthe（）canbeexpensive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.base

B.pound

C.ground

D.parkinglot

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)base“基底；基礎(chǔ)；基地；基本成分”；B選項(xiàng)pound“英鎊；重?fù)簦贿`章停車車輛扣留場(chǎng)；流浪狗收留所”；C選項(xiàng)ground“地面；土地；范圍；戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)”；D選項(xiàng)parkinglot“停車場(chǎng)”。句意：從車管所贖回被扣的汽車可能要花很多錢。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

IhadeatenChinesefoodoften,butIcouldnothaveimaginedhow（

）andextravagantarealChinesebanquetcouldbe.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fabulous

B.gracious

C.handsome

D.prominent

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。fabulous“難以置信的；極好的”；gracious“親切的；高尚的”；handsome“（男子）英俊的”；prominent“突出的，顯著的”。句意：我經(jīng)常吃中餐，但是我無(wú)法想象真正的中式宴會(huì)會(huì)有多么好，多么奢侈。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

10.翻譯題

Whydidhumansevolvetowalkupright?Perhapsbecauseit’sjustplaineasier.Makethat’’energeticallylesscostly,"inscience-speakBipedalism-walkingontwofeet-isoneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofbeinghuman,andscientistshavedebatedforyearshowitcameabout.Inthelatestattempttofindanexplanation,researcherstrainedfivechimpanzeestowalkonatreadmillwhilewearingmasksthatallowedmeasurementoftheiroxygenconsumption.

Thechimpsweremeasuredbothwhilewalkinguprightandwhilemovingontheirlegsandknuckles.Thatmeasurementoftheenergyneededtomovearoundwascomparedwithsimilartestsonhumansandtheresultsarepublishedinthisweek’sonlineeditionofProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.

Itturnsoutthathumanswalkingontwolegsusesonlyone-quarteroftheenergythatchimpanzeesusewhileknuckle-walkingonfourlimbs.Andthechimps,onaverage,useasmuchenergyusingtwolegsastheydidwhentheyusedallfourlimbs.

However,therewasvariabilityamongchimpanzeesinhowmuchenergytheyused,andthisdifferencecorrespondedtotheirdifferencegaitsandanatomy.Wethinkabouttheevolutionofbipedalismasoneoffirsteventsthatledhominids（原始人）downthepathtobeinghuman.

【答案】人類為何進(jìn)化到了直立行走的姿態(tài)？可能這是因?yàn)橹绷⑿凶咭菀椎枚?。用科學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)，直立行走能“節(jié)省能量”。用兩條腿走路是人類的基本特征之一，多年來(lái)，科學(xué)家們?cè)谶@一特征的形成問(wèn)題上一直爭(zhēng)論不休。在這項(xiàng)最新研究中，研究人員讓五只大猩猩戴著可測(cè)算氧氣消耗量的面罩在跑步機(jī)上行走。

研究人員對(duì)大猩猩在直立行走和四肢著地行走時(shí)消耗的氧氣量分別進(jìn)行了測(cè)量，并將結(jié)果與人類的進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。這些結(jié)果在本周《國(guó)家科學(xué)院院刊》的網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上公布。

測(cè)算結(jié)果表明，人類用兩條腿行走時(shí)消耗的能量?jī)H為大猩猩四肢著地行走時(shí)所消耗能量的四分之一。平均來(lái)看，大猩猩兩條腿行走時(shí)消耗的能量與四肢著地行走時(shí)的差不多。但行走時(shí)消耗能量的多寡在這些大猩猩中也存在差異。這與它們不同的步法和解剖學(xué)特征有關(guān)。我們認(rèn)為雙腿直立行走的進(jìn)化是原始人向人類進(jìn)化的最初階段中的一步。

11.單選題

______mapthatdatedbacktoabout3,000B.C.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theoldestknown

B.Itwastheoldestknown

C.Knownastheoldest

D.Knowntobetheoldest

【答案】B

【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處缺少主語(yǔ)。It做主語(yǔ)，was是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，theoldestknownmap是表語(yǔ)，datedbacktoabout3000B.C.做map的后置定語(yǔ)。句意：這是已知最古老的地圖，大約可以追溯到公元前3000年。因此只有B項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Areyouawarethatyouactuallypossesssixsenses?Thesixthsenseisamuscularsenseresponsiblefordirectingyourmusclesintelligentlytotheexactextentnecessaryforeachactionyouperform.Forexample,whenyoureachforanobject,thesensorynerveslinkingthemusclestothebrainstopyourhandatthecorrectspot.Thisautomaticperceptionofthepositionofyourmusclesinrelationtotheobjectisyourmuscularsenseinaction.

Musclesarestringybundlesoffibersvaryingfromonefive-thousandthofaninchtoaboutthreeinches.Theyhavethreeuniquecharacteristics;theycanbecomeshorterandthicker;theycanstretch;andtheycanretracttotheiroriginalpositions.Underahigh-poweredmicroscope,muscletissueisseenaslong,slendercellswithagrainytexturelikewood.

Morethanhalfofaperson'sbodyiscomposedofmusclefibers,mostofwhichareinvoluntary—inotherwords,workwithoutconsciousdirection.Thevoluntarymuscles,thosethatwemoveconsciouslytoperformparticularactions,numbermorethanfivehundred.Womenhaveonly60to70percentasmuchmuscleasmenfortheirbodymass.Thatiswhyanaveragewomancan’tliftasmuch,throwasfar,orhitashardasanaverageman.

1.Intelligentuseofthemusclesmeansthat（）.

2.Accordingtotheselection,morethanhalfofaperson'sbodyiscomposedof（）.

3.Anaveragewomanisweakerthananaveragemanbecauseshehas（）.

4.Itisimpliedbutnotstatedthat（）.

5.Accordingtotheselection,themuscularsenseisresponsiblefor（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.onealwaysknowswhathismusclesaredoing

B.oneperformssimpleactionswithoutworking

C.one'smusclesareusedonlytotheextentnecessaryforeachactiontheyperform

D.oneimprovesmuscularactionconsciously

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.voluntarymuscles

B.musclefibers

C.involuntaryfibers

D.sensorynerves

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.morevoluntarymusclesthananaverageman

B.only60to70percentasmuchmuscleforherbodymass

C.60to70percentlessmuscleforherbodymass

D.lessmusclefiberforherbodyweight

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.themuscularsenseismoreimportantthananyothersenses

B.muscularsenseinvolvesautomaticperception

C.therearemanymorethan500involuntarymusclesinthebody

D.muscletissueisinflexible

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theefficiencyofourmuscles

B.thenormalbreathingfunction

C.directingourmusclesintelligently

D.theworkofonlyourinvoluntarymuscles

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句Thesixthsenseisamuscularsenseresponsiblefordirectingyourmusclesintelligentlytotheexactextentnecessaryforeachactionyouperform.可知，第六感是一種肌肉感覺，可智能地精準(zhǔn)控制人體活動(dòng)。因此，C項(xiàng)是正確答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題意：根據(jù)原文，人類身體超過(guò)一半的組織是由什么構(gòu)成的？根據(jù)原文第三段第一句：Morethanhalfofaperson'sbodyiscomposedofmusclefibers.可知，人體超過(guò)一半的組織是由musclefibers（肌肉纖維）構(gòu)成。因此，正確答案為B項(xiàng)。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第三段Womenhaveonly60to70percentasmuchmuscleasmenfortheirbodymass.Thatiswhyanaveragewomancan’tliftasmuch,throwasfar,orhitashardasanaverageman.可知，女性比正常男性力氣小是因?yàn)榕陨眢w內(nèi)肌肉含量?jī)H為男性的60-70%。因此，B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4.推理判斷題。本文并未說(shuō)明也未暗示肌肉感覺比其他感官重要，因此A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)原文最后一段Thevoluntarymuscles,thosethatwemoveconsciouslytoperformparticularaction,numbermorethanfivehundred.可知，C選項(xiàng)與原文意思相反，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)說(shuō)肌肉組織是不可彎曲的，與原文不符，故排除。因此，B選項(xiàng)是正確答案。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段Thesixthsenseisamuscularsenseresponsiblefordirectingyourmusclesintelligently.可知，肌肉感官的作用是directingyourmusclesintelligently，因此，本題正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

（）oftheburdenofice,theballoonclimbedupanddriftedtotheSouth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tobefree

B.Tofree

C.Freeing

D.Freed

【答案】D

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)用法。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式有以下幾種：不定式（短語(yǔ)），現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)），過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)），不定式作狀語(yǔ)可以用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，說(shuō)明目的、結(jié)果、原因、程度；修飾形容詞，幫助說(shuō)明它的意義；修飾整個(gè)句子，表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)所說(shuō)的話抱的態(tài)度，或其他東西?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，可表示行為方式或伴隨發(fā)生的情況、時(shí)間、原因。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)可表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)的背景或情況、原因、時(shí)間和條件。題干意思為：擺脫了冰層的束縛，那氣球騰空而起，飄向南方。這里的狀語(yǔ)屬于條件狀語(yǔ)，該用過(guò)去分詞來(lái)表示，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Aseducationallevelsriseandinformationtechnologyaccelerates,thedistinctionbetween"managers"and"workers"will（

）andmanagementknowledgewillbeeveryone'sresponsibility.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fadeaway

B.passaway

C.slipaway

D.washaway

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。fadeaway意為“消失，衰弱”；passaway意為“（時(shí)間等）消磨掉”；slipaway意為“悄沒(méi)聲息地溜走”；washaway意為“沖走，清洗”。

句意：隨著教育水平的提高和信息技術(shù)的加速，“管理者”與“員工”之間的區(qū)別將逐漸消失，管理知識(shí)將是每個(gè)人的責(zé)任。

15.單選題

Asquicklyaspossible，thedoctorappliesicepackstoyourinjury.Ice（

）swellingandinflammation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.fastens

B.deters

C.encourages

D.fixes

【答案】B

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞辨析。fasten“使固定”；deter“阻止”；encourage“鼓勵(lì)”；fix“修理”。句意：冰能夠阻止腫脹和發(fā)炎。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

16.單選題

Neitherofthemthoughthighlyofhimandtheybothtriedto（）himinhiswork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hamper

B.support

C.assist

D.encourage

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)hamper“妨礙，束縛”；B選項(xiàng)support“支持，維持”；C選項(xiàng)assist“幫助，參加”；D選項(xiàng)encourage“鼓勵(lì)”。句意：他們倆都看不起他，并且都試圖妨礙他工作。只有選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

17.單選題

Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably（

）reportwithinafewhundredwordsbutwithalltheimportantdetailsincluded.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.concise

B.brisk

C.precise

D.elaborate

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞詞義辨析。concise“簡(jiǎn)明的，簡(jiǎn)潔的”；brisk“敏銳的，活潑的”；precise“精確的；明確的”；elaborate“精心制作的；詳盡的”。句意：新秘書寫了一份相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)潔的報(bào)告，只用了幾百個(gè)單詞卻包含了所有重要細(xì)節(jié)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

18.單選題

Takethecaseofpubliceducationalone.Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.Inviewofthetechnologicalimprovementsinthelastfewyears,businesswillrequireinthefutureproportionatelyfewerworkersthaneverbefore.Theresultwillbestillfurtherraisingofthelegalageforgoingintoemployment,andstillfurtherdifficultyinfindingemploymentwhenthatagehasbeenattained.Ifwecannotputourchildrentowork,wemustputtheminschool.

Wemayalsobequiteconfidentthatthepresenttrendtowardashorterdayandashorterweekwillbemaintained.Wehavedevelopedandshallcontinuetohaveanewleisureclass.Alreadythepublicagenciesforadulteducationareswampedbythetidethathassweptoverthemsincethedepressionbegan.Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.

Itissurelytoomuchtohopethattheseincreasesinthecostofpubliceducationcanbebornebythelocalcommunities.Theycannotcareforthepresentrestrictedandinadequatesystem.Thelocalcommunitieshavefailedintheireffortstocopewithunemployment.Theycannotexpecttocopewithpubliceducationonthescaleonwhichwemustattemptit.TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.Ifthereisonethinginwhichthecitizensofallpartsofthecountryhaveaninterest,itisinthedecenteducationofthecitizensofallpartsofthecountry.Ourincometaxnowgoesinparttokeepourneighborsalive.Itmayhavetogoinpartaswelltomakeourneighborsintelligent.WearenowattemptingtopreservethepresentgenerationthroughFederalreliefofthedestitute（貧民）.OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire.

1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

2.Whatisthereasonfortheincreaseinthenumberofstudents?

3.Thepublicagenciesforadulteducationwillbelittlebetteroffbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtotheauthor,theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationisthattheFederalgovernment

（

）.

5.Whydoestheauthorsay“OnlyapeopledeterminedtoruinthenextgenerationwillrefusesuchFederalfundsaspubliceducationmayrequire”(Lines11-13,Para.3)（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Howtopersuadelocalcommunitiestoprovidemorefunds.

B.Howtocopewiththeshortageoffundsforpubliceducation.

C.Howtoimprovethepubliceducationsystem.

D.Howtosolvetherisingunemploymentproblem.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Therequirementofeducatedworkersbybusiness.

B.Thetrendtowardashorterworkday.

C.Raisingofthelegalageforgoingtowork.

D.People’sconcernforthefutureofthenextgeneration.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theunemployedaretoopoortocontinuetheireducation

B.anewleisureclasshasdeveloped

C.theyarestillsufferingfromthedepression

D.anincreaseintaxescouldbeaproblem

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.shouldallocateFederalfundsforpubliceducation

B.shoulddemandthatlocalcommunitiesprovidesupport

C.shouldraisetaxestomeettheneedsofpubliceducation

D.shouldfirstofallsolvetheproblemofunemployment

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.OnlybyappropriatinganadequateFederalfundsforeducationcanthenextgenerationhaveabrightfuture.

B.CitizensatallpartsofthecountryagreethatthebestwaytosupporteducationistouseFederalfunds.

C.Peoplealloverthecountryshouldmakecontributionstoeducationintheinterestofthenextgeneration.

D.EducatedpeoplearedeterminedtousepartoftheFederalfundstohelpthepoor.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】第1題:主旨大意題。本文主要講的是法定就業(yè)年齡的提高以及就業(yè)難度大等問(wèn)題導(dǎo)致更多的人轉(zhuǎn)而接受教育。但是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條的原因，公共機(jī)構(gòu)以及社區(qū)無(wú)法為教育提供資金。作者認(rèn)為只有依靠聯(lián)邦救濟(jì)才能解決問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A“如何說(shuō)服當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)提供更多的資金”顯然不符合原文；選項(xiàng)C“如何完善公共教育體系”不正確，本文主要涉及的是資金問(wèn)題而不是教育體系的問(wèn)題；選項(xiàng)D“如何解決日益嚴(yán)重的失業(yè)問(wèn)題”不是本文的重點(diǎn)，本文的重點(diǎn)是解決教育資金短缺的問(wèn)題，所以選項(xiàng)D不正確，選項(xiàng)B“如何解決公共教育經(jīng)費(fèi)短缺的問(wèn)題”正確。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段的二三句“Theprincipaldifficultyfacedbytheschoolshasbeenthetremendousincreaseinthenumberofpupils.Thishasbeencausedbytheadvanceofthelegalageforgoingintoindustryandtheimpossibilityoffindingajobevenwhenthelegalagehasbeenreached.”學(xué)校面臨的主要困難是學(xué)生人數(shù)的大量增加。這是由于進(jìn)入工業(yè)的法定年齡提高了，即使到了法定年齡也不可能找到工作。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“publicagenciesforadulteducation”定位到第二段的內(nèi)容“Theywillbelittlebetteroffwhenitisover.Theirsupportmustcomefromthetaxpayer.”當(dāng)一切結(jié)束時(shí)，他們（成人教育公共機(jī)構(gòu)）的境況也不會(huì)好多少。他們的支持必須來(lái)自納稅人。由此可知，他們的主要問(wèn)題在于稅收，而涉及稅收的只有選項(xiàng)D。

第4題:判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“TheanswertotheproblemofunemploymenthasbeenFederalrelief.Theanswertotheproblemofpubliceducationmayhavetobemuchthesame,andproperlyso.”解決失業(yè)問(wèn)題的辦法是聯(lián)邦救濟(jì)。公共教育問(wèn)題的答案可能必須也是一樣的，而且確實(shí)如此。由此可推斷，聯(lián)邦政府應(yīng)該為公共教育籌集聯(lián)邦資金。選項(xiàng)A正確。

第5題:判斷推理題。這句話的意思是“只有一個(gè)決心毀滅下一代的民族才會(huì)拒絕接受公共教育可能需要的聯(lián)邦資金”，也就是說(shuō)只有撥出足夠的聯(lián)邦資金來(lái)扶持教育，我們的下一代才能有光明的前途。選項(xiàng)A正確；選項(xiàng)B中的“Citizensatallpartsofthecountry”表述錯(cuò)誤，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)只是作者提出的，原文也沒(méi)有提及全體公民都同意這一觀點(diǎn)；選項(xiàng)C“為了下一代的利益，全國(guó)人民應(yīng)該為教育做出貢獻(xiàn)”不符合原文，作者的觀點(diǎn)是聯(lián)邦資金扶持教育而不是全國(guó)人民作出貢獻(xiàn)；選項(xiàng)D“受過(guò)教育的人決心用聯(lián)邦基金的一部分來(lái)幫助窮人”在文中沒(méi)有信息涉及，所以不正確。

19.單選題

Mostpeopleinthenorthwantedto（

）slaverywhiletheslaveownersofthesouthheldthatslaveryshouldbeallowed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extinguish

B.vanish

C.abolish

D.withdraw

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)extinguish“熄滅，壓制”；B選項(xiàng)vanish“消失”；C選項(xiàng)abolish“廢除”；D選項(xiàng)withdraw“撤退”。句意：大多數(shù)北方人想廢除奴隸制，而南方的奴隸主則認(rèn)為應(yīng)該允許奴隸制的存在。選項(xiàng)C符合句意。

20.單選題

Whathetoldyouisstrictly（）.Don’tletanyoneelseknowofit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.secretive

B.individual

C.particular

D.confidential

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。secretive“秘密的，偷偷摸摸的”；individual“個(gè)別的，獨(dú)特的”；particular“特別的，詳細(xì)的”；confidential“機(jī)密的，表示信任的”。根據(jù)下一句的內(nèi)容“不要讓其他人知曉此事”，可知他所告知的事情是機(jī)密的，對(duì)被告知人是表示信任的，所以選項(xiàng)D相對(duì)于選項(xiàng)A來(lái)說(shuō)要更恰當(dāng)。

21.單選題

Icouldn’tfind（）,andsoItookthisone.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.alargeenoughcoat

B.anenoughlargecoat

C.alargecoatenough

D.acoatenoughlarge

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞用法。句意：enough修飾名詞時(shí)放名詞前，如：Idon’thaveenoughmoney.修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)放形容詞或副詞后，如：Youarenotcapableenoughtogetthisposition.所以本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。句意：我找不到足夠大的大衣，所以我拿了這一件。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是A選項(xiàng)。

22.單選題

Thisexperiencedauthorwasableto（）thefactthathewasnotqualifiedforadmissiontocollege.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.suppress

B.compress

C.express

D.depress

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)suppress“抑制、鎮(zhèn)壓”；B選項(xiàng)compress“壓縮、精簡(jiǎn)”；C選項(xiàng)express“表達(dá)”；D選項(xiàng)depress“使沮喪、降低”，句意為：這位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的作家能夠表達(dá)他沒(méi)有資格進(jìn)入大學(xué)這一事實(shí)。express“表達(dá)”符合句意，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。

23.單選題

In1982,HitachiwasindictedforstealingconfidentialdocumentsfromIBM.Aspartofacourtsettlement,thecompan