考研考博-英語-大連翻譯職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連翻譯職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Inthetwodecadesbetween1910and1930,overtenpercentoftheBlackpopulationoftheUnitedStateslefttheSouth,wherethepreponderanceoftheBlackpopulationhadbee8nlocated,andmigratedtonorthernstates,withthelargestnumbermoving,itisclaimed,between1916and1918.Ithasbeenfrequentlyassumed,butnotproved,thatthemajorityofthemigrantsinwhathascometobecalledtheGreatMigrationcamefromruralareasandweremotivatedbytwoconcurrentfactors:thecollapseofthecottonindustryfollowingthebollweevilinfestation,whichbeganin1898,andincreaseddemandintheNorthforlaborfollowingthecessationofEuropeanimmigrationcausedbytheoutbreakoftheFirstWorldWarin1914.Thisassumptionhasledtotheconclusionthatthemigrants’subsequentlackofeconomicmobilityintheNorthistiedtoruralbackground,abackgroundthatimpliesunfamiliaritywithurbanlivingandalackofindustrialskills.

ButthequestionofwhoactuallylefttheSouthhasneverbeenrigorouslyinvestigated.AlthoughnumerousinvestigationsdocumentanexodusfromruralsouthernareastosoutherncitiespriortotheGreatMigration,noonehasconsideredwhetherthesamemigrantsthenmovedontonortherncities.In1910over600,000Blackworkers,ortenpercentoftheBlackworkforce,reportedthemselvestobeengagedin“manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits,”thefederalcensuscategoryencompassingtheentireindustrialsector.TheGreatMigrationcouldeasilyhavebeenmadeupentirelyofthisgroupandtheirfamilies.Itisperhapssurprisingtoarguethatanemployedpopulationcouldbeenticedtomove,butanexplanationliesinthelaborconditionsthenprevalentintheSouth.

Aboutthirty-fivepercentoftheurbanBlackpopulationintheSouthwasengagedinskilledtrades.Somewerefromtheoldartisanclassofslaveryblacksmiths,masons,carpenterswhichhadhadamonopolyofcertaintrades,buttheyweregraduallybeingpushedoutbycompetition,mechanization,andobsolescence.Theremainingsixty-fivepercent,morerecentlyurbanized,workedinnewlydevelopedindustriestobacco,lumber,coalandironmanufacture,andrailroads.WagesintheSouth,however,werelow,andBlackworkerswereaware,throughlaborrecruitersandtheBlackpress,thattheycouldearnmoreevenasunskilledworkersintheNorththantheycouldasartisansintheSouth.Afterthebollweevilinfestation,urbanBlackworkersfacedcompetitionfromthecontinuinginfluxofbothBlackandWhiteruralworkers,whoweredriventoundercutthewagesformerlypaidforindustrialfobs.Thus,amovenorthwouldbeseenasadvantageoustoagroupthatwasalreadyurbanizedandsteadilyemployed,andtheeasyconclusiontyingtheirsubsequenteconomicproblemsintheNorthtotheirruralbackgroundcomesintoquestion.

1.Theauthorindicatesexplicitlythatwhichofthefollowingrecordshasbeenasourceofinformationinherinvestigation?

2.Inthepassage,theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowingasapossibleobjectiontoherargument?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueofwagesinsoutherncitiesin1910?

4.TheauthorciteseachofthefollowingaspossibleinfluencesinaBlackworker’sdecisiontomigratenorthintheGreatMigrationEXCEPT（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthe“easyconclusion”mentionedinline16ofthelastparagraphisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

6.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（

）.

7.Accordingtoinformationinthepassage,whichofthefollowingisacorrectsequenceofgroupsofworkers,fromhighestpaidtolowestpaid,intheperiodbetween1910and1930?

8.Thematerialinthepassagewouldbemostrelevanttoalongdiscussionofwhichofthefollowingtopics?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.UnitedStatesImmigrationServicereportsfrom1914to1930.

B.Payrollsofsouthernmanufacturingfirmsbetween1910and1930.

C.Thevolumeofcottonexportsbetween1898and1910.

D.Thefederalcensusof1910.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ItisuncertainhowmanypeopleactuallymigratedduringtheGreatMigration.

B.TheeventualeconomicstatusoftheGreatMigrationmigrantshasnotbeenadequatelytraced.

C.Itisnotlikelythatpeoplewithsteadjobswouldhavereasontomovetoanotherareaofthecountry.

D.Itisnottruethattheterm“manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits”actuallyencompassestheentireindustrialsector.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theywerebeingpushedlowerasaresultofincreasedcompetition.

B.Theyhadbeguntorisesothatsouthernindustrycouldattractruralworkers.

C.Theyhadincreasedforskilledworkersbutdecreasedforunskilledworkers.

D.Theyhadincreasedinlargesoutherncitiesbutdecreasedinsmallsoutherncities.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.wagelevelsinnortherncities

B.laborrecruiters

C.competitionfromruralworkers

D.votingrightsinnorthernstates

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplewhomigratefromruralareastolargecitiesusuallydosoforeconomicreasons.

B.Mostpeoplewholeaveruralareastotakejobsincitiesreturntoruralareasassoonasitisfinanciallypossibleforthemtodoso.

C.Peoplewithruralbackgroundsarelesslikelytosucceedeconomicallyincitiesthanthosewithurbanbackgrounds.

D.Mostpeoplewhowereonceskilledworkersarenotwillingtoworkasunskilledworkers.

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Supportanalternativetoanacceptedmethodology

B.Presentevidencethatresolvesacontradiction

C.Introducearecentlydiscoveredsourceofinformation

D.Challengeawidelyacceptedexplanation

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.ArtisansintheNorth;artisansintheSouth;unskilledworkersintheNorth;unskilledworkersinthesouth.

B.ArtisansintheNorthandSouth;unskilledworkersintheNorth;unskilledworkersintheSouth.

C.ArtisansintheNorth;unskilledworkersintheNorth;artisansintheSouth.

D.ArtisansintheNorthandSouth;unskilledurbanworkersintheNorth;unskilledruralworkersintheSouth.

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.ThereasonsforthesubsequenteconomicdifficultiesofthosewhoparticipatedintheGreatMigration.

B.TheeffectofmigrationontheregionaleconomiesoftheUnitedStatesfollowingtheFirstWorldWar.

C.ThetransitionfromaruraltoanurbanexistenceforthosewhomigratedintheGreatMigration.

D.ThetransformationoftheagriculturalSouthfollowingthebollweevilinfestation

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文中第二段“In1910over600,000Blackworkers,ortenpercentoftheBlackworkforce,reportedthemselvestobeengagedin‘manufacturingandmechanicalpursuits,’thefederalcensuscategoryencompassingtheentireindustrialsector.1910年，超過60萬名黑人工人(占黑人勞動(dòng)力的10%)自稱從事“制造業(yè)和機(jī)械制造業(yè)”，這是聯(lián)邦人口普查涵蓋整個(gè)工業(yè)部門的數(shù)據(jù)?！贝_定聯(lián)邦政府在1910年做了一次人口普查。D選項(xiàng)正確。其他三項(xiàng)均未在文中提到。

2.推理判斷題。文章第二段末尾提到南方惡劣的務(wù)工條件致使很多有工作的人遷徙到北方。C選項(xiàng)‘擁有穩(wěn)定工作的人不太可能有理由搬到美國的另一個(gè)地區(qū)’與之相矛盾。所以C選項(xiàng)符合題意。在文章第二段開頭作者提到，人們從來沒有真正調(diào)查過究竟是些什么人遷徙出了南方，也沒有人知道在“大移民”之前的移民潮中是否也有人遷徙到北方一些城市。因此，A、B排除。很顯然，制造業(yè)和機(jī)械業(yè)不能包含整個(gè)工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。所以D項(xiàng)排除。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一段“Afterthebollweevilinfestation,urbanBlackworkersfacedcompetitionfromthecontinuinginfluxofbothBlackandWhiteruralworkers,whoweredriventoundercutthewagesformerlypaidforindustrialfobs在棉鈴象鼻蟲泛濫之后，城市黑人工人面臨著來自持續(xù)涌入的黑人和白人農(nóng)村工人的競爭，他們被迫降低了以前為工廠工人支付的工資”。確定A選項(xiàng)‘由于競爭加劇，它們的工資被壓低了‘符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。題目的意思是‘作者引用了以下盡可能在北方黑人工人決定遷移的影響在大遷移除外…….‘，D選項(xiàng)‘選舉權(quán)’并未在文章中提到，符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。題目意思是‘從文章中可以推斷，最后一段第16行提到的“easyconclusion”是基于以下哪一個(gè)假設(shè)?’題目中“easyconclusion”指黑人遷徙到北方之后引起的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題和他們的農(nóng)村出身有關(guān)。文章第一段最后提到來自農(nóng)村的工人對(duì)城市生活不習(xí)慣和缺乏必要的技能可能會(huì)對(duì)北方的經(jīng)濟(jì)流動(dòng)性產(chǎn)生影響。最后一段末尾作者指出“amovenorthwouldbeseenasadvantageoustoagroupthatwasalreadyurbanizedandsteadilyemployed向北搬遷將被視為對(duì)一個(gè)已經(jīng)城市化、就業(yè)穩(wěn)定的群體有利”。結(jié)合這兩處，可以得出C選項(xiàng)‘與城市背景的人相比，農(nóng)村背景的人在城市獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)成功的可能性更小。’符合題意。

6.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。本文第一段對(duì)“大移民”進(jìn)行了簡單的描述，并引出了為眾人所接受的結(jié)論，即黑人遷徙到北方之后引起的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題和他們的農(nóng)村出身有關(guān)。接下來作者開始反駁。第二段指出究竟是些什么人以及在大移民之前是否有人已經(jīng)遷徙到北方都無人考究。最后一段指出移居到北方的黑人中，有35%的人是技能型工人，而另外的65%的人從事于新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，他們都已經(jīng)變得更加城市化。最后總結(jié)對(duì)于一些已經(jīng)適應(yīng)城市生活和能容易找到工作的人來說，他們遷徙到北方將是有利的，并提出黑人遷徙到北方之后引起的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題和他們的農(nóng)村出身有關(guān)是有待考究的。本文的寫作目的是D選項(xiàng)“對(duì)廣為接受的結(jié)論提出挑戰(zhàn)”。

7.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段“theycouldearnmoreevenasunskilledworkersintheNorththantheycouldasartisansintheSouth.即使是北方的非技術(shù)工人，他們也能比南方的工匠掙得更多”。因此可以得知工資最高的應(yīng)該是ArtisansintheNorth,其次是unskilledworkersintheNorth,然后是artisansintheSouth,最后是unskilledworkersintheNorth.所以C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.主旨大意題。本文主要是反駁黑人遷徙到北方之后引起的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題和他們的農(nóng)村出身有關(guān)這樣一個(gè)結(jié)論。大篇幅闡述了大移民運(yùn)動(dòng)后北方經(jīng)濟(jì)問題產(chǎn)生的原因。因此A選項(xiàng)‘參與大遷移的人后來經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的原因’符合題意。

2.單選題

Scientistsclaimthatairpollutioncausesadeclineintheworld’saverageairtemperature.Inordertoprovethattheory,ecologistshaveturnedtohistoricaldatainrelationtoespeciallyhugevolcaniceruptions.Theysuspectthatvolcanoesaffectweatherchangesthataresimilartoairpollution.

OnesourceofinformationistheeffectoftheeruptionofTambora,avolcanoinSumbawa,theDutchEastIndies,inApril1815.Thelargestrecordedvolcaniceruption,Tamborathrew150milliontonsoffineashintothestratosphere.Theashfromavolcanospreadsworldwideinafewdaysandremainsintheairforyears.Itseffectistoturnincomingsolarradiationintospaceandthuscooltheearth.Forexample,recordsofweatherinEnglandshowthatbetweenAprilandNovember1815,theaveragetemperaturehadfallen4,5F.Duringthenexttwentyfourmonths,Englandsufferedoneofthecoldestperiodsofitshistory.Farmer’srecordsfromApril1815toDecember1818indicatefrostthroughoutthespringandsummerandsharpdecreasesincropandlivestockmarkets.Sincetherewasatimelagofseveralyearsbetweencauseandeffect,bythetimetheworldagriculturalcommoditycommunityhaddeteriorated,noonerealizedthecause.

Ecologiststodaywarnthatwefaceatwo-foldmenace.Theever-presentpossibilityofvolcaniceruptions,suchasthatofMr.St.HelensinWashington,addedtoman’spollutionoftheatmospherewithoil,gas,coal,andotherpollutingsubstances,maybringusincreasinglycolderweather.

41.Itisbelievedthattheearthgetscolderwhen______.

42.TheeffectsofTambora’seruptionwere______.

43.ThecauseofcoldweatherinEnglandfrom1815to1818was______.

44.Noonerealizedthecauseofthedeteriorationoftheworldagriculturalcommoditymarketbecause______.

45.If,assomescientistspredict,theworldendsinice,whatmightbethecause?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.volcanoeserupt

B.theairispollutedbymodernman

C.theraysofthesunareturnedintospace

D.alloftheabove

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.feltmainlyintheDutchEastIndies

B.ofseveraldays’durationworldwide

C.evidenceofpollution’scoolingtheearth

D.immediatelyevidenttotheworld’sscientists

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.decreasedcropandlivestockproduction

B.volcanicashintheatmosphere

C.pollutioncausedbytheIndustrialRevolution

D.itsproximitytotheNorthSea

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therewasalongdelaybetweencauseandeffect

B.theweatherisbeyondourcomprehension

C.weatherforecastswereinaccurate

D.ecologistsdidn’texistuntilmoderntimes

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Modernman’spollutionoftheair.

B.Volcaniceruptions.

C.Obliterationofsolarradiation.

D.Alloftheabove.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】41.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“人們相信在……地球會(huì)變得更冷”。根據(jù)文章第一段首句Scientistsclaimthatairpollutioncausesadeclineintheworld’saverageairtemperature（科學(xué)家聲稱，空氣污染導(dǎo)致世界平均氣溫下降）和最后一句Theysuspectthatvolcanoesaffectweatherchangesthataresimilartoairpollution.（科學(xué)家們懷疑火山對(duì)天氣變化的影響類似于空氣污染）可知，volcanoeserupt是改變天氣的一個(gè)原因；第二段第四行提到Itseffectistoturnincomingsolarradiationintospaceandthuscooltheearth.（其作用是將入射的太陽輻射送入太空，從而使地球降溫）可知，太陽輻射送入太空可以降低地球溫度；第三段最后一句提到man’spollutionoftheatmospherewithoil,gas,coal,andotherpollutingsubstances,maybringusincreasinglycolderweather.（人們使用石油、天然氣、煤炭和其他污染物質(zhì)對(duì)大氣的污染，可能會(huì)給我們帶來越來越寒冷的天氣）可知，空氣污染也是天氣變冷的一個(gè)原因；因此A項(xiàng)“火山爆發(fā)”，B項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代人造成的空氣污染”，C項(xiàng)“把太陽輻射送入太空”均正確，故該題選D項(xiàng)“以上都是”。

42.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“坦博拉火山爆發(fā)的影響是……”。根據(jù)第二段的第三句Theashfromavolcanospreadsworldwideinafewdaysandremainsintheairforyears.（坦博拉火山爆發(fā)噴出的火山灰在數(shù)天里擴(kuò)散到了全球且這些火山灰長達(dá)數(shù)年地保留在空氣中）和第二段最后一句Sincetherewasatimelagofseveralyearsbetweencauseandeffect,bythetimetheworldagriculturalcommoditycommunityhaddeteriorated,noonerealizedthecause.（由于原因與后果之間的長達(dá)數(shù)年的時(shí)差，所以當(dāng)人們?cè)庥龊蠊麜r(shí)候，往往不能認(rèn)識(shí)到導(dǎo)致其的真正原因）可知A項(xiàng)“荷屬東印度群島才會(huì)感覺到這一影響”，B項(xiàng)“在世界范圍內(nèi)持續(xù)數(shù)天”，D項(xiàng)“立刻成為全世界科學(xué)家所關(guān)注的證據(jù)”都不符合。故該題C項(xiàng)“污染正在冷卻地球的證據(jù)”正確。

43.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“1815到1818年英國冷天氣的原因是由于……”。根據(jù)第二段的第三句Theashfromavolcanospreadsworldwideinafewdaysandremainsintheairforyears.Itseffectistoturnincomingsolarradiationintospaceandthuscooltheearth.（坦博拉火山爆發(fā)噴出的火山灰在數(shù)天里擴(kuò)散到了全球且這些火山灰長達(dá)數(shù)年地保留在空氣中;火山灰讓太陽輻射轉(zhuǎn)入太空，進(jìn)而讓地球溫度下降）可知B項(xiàng)“大氣中的火山灰”正確，A項(xiàng)“農(nóng)作物和牲畜產(chǎn)量下降”是后果，不是原因；C項(xiàng)“工業(yè)革命造成的污染”和D項(xiàng)“靠近北?！痹谖闹袥]有提及，因此B正確。

44.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“沒有人認(rèn)識(shí)到世界農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場惡化的原因是因?yàn)椤?。根?jù)第二段最后一句Sincetherewasatimelagofseveralyearsbetweencauseandeffect（由于因果之間有幾年的時(shí)間差）可知A項(xiàng)“因果之間有一段長時(shí)間間隔”正確，B項(xiàng)“天氣變化超出了人類理解力范圍”，C項(xiàng)“天氣預(yù)報(bào)不準(zhǔn)確”，D項(xiàng)“到現(xiàn)代才出現(xiàn)生態(tài)學(xué)家”在文中沒有提及，因此該題選A。

45.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“如果像一些科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)的那樣，世界將在冰中終結(jié)，原因可能是什么?”。根據(jù)文中第二段中的第四句Itseffectistoturnincomingsolarradiationintospaceandthuscooltheearth.（火山灰讓太陽福射轉(zhuǎn)入太空，進(jìn)而讓地球溫度下降）及最后一段的第二句Theever-presentpossibilityofvolcaniceruptions,suchasthatofMr.St.HelensinWashington,addedtoman’spollutionoftheatmospherewithoil,gas,coal,andotherpollutingsubstances,maybringusincreasinglycolderweather.（如華盛頓的St.Helens先生說的那樣，火山爆發(fā)的可能性的始終存在和人類消耗石油、天然氣、煤和其它污染物而帶來的大氣污染有可能為人類帶來不斷變冷的氣候）可知A項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)代人類對(duì)空氣的污染”，B項(xiàng)“火山爆發(fā)”，C項(xiàng)“太陽輻射的消失”均符合，因此該題選D項(xiàng)“以上都是”。

3.單選題

Theleaderwenthisownwayin______ofthepublicopinion,whicharousedgreatangeramongthepeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.defiance

B.reflection

C.obedience

D.upgrade

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.defiance違抗，反抗B.reflection反映

C.obedience順從，服從D.upgrade升級(jí)，提高

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配。

【解題思路】由wenthisownway（一意孤行）和arousedgreatanger（引起了極大憤怒）可知，空格部分表示“違抗民意”，且indefianceof為固定搭配，表示“不顧，無視”。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】領(lǐng)袖不顧民意，一意孤行，引起了人民的極大憤怒。

4.單選題

Hislawyercollectedenoughevidenceto____thechargeagainsthim.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nominate

B.criticize

C.rebut

D.analyze

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.nominate提名；指派；指定B.criticize批評(píng)；指責(zé)

C.rebut反駁；證明（言論等）錯(cuò)誤D.analyze分析

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接

【解題思路】前文內(nèi)容為“他的律師收集了足夠的證據(jù)”，后文內(nèi)容為“對(duì)他的指控”，根據(jù)前后語義可知，他的律師收集的證據(jù)應(yīng)該是為了反駁對(duì)他的指控，證明對(duì)他的指控是錯(cuò)誤的。因此，C選項(xiàng)“反駁；證明（言論等）錯(cuò)誤”，符合原句語義銜接。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D選項(xiàng)不符合原句語義銜接。

【句意】他的律師收集了足夠的證據(jù)來反駁對(duì)他的指控。

5.單選題

Thatterribledaywillbedeeply（）inthechildren’smemory.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.included

B.embraced

C.embedded

D.removed

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)included“包括”；B選項(xiàng)embraced“包含；擁抱”；C選項(xiàng)embedded“使嵌入；使深留腦中”；D選項(xiàng)removed“去掉；移除”。句意：那可怕的一天將……在孩子們的記憶中。關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)Thatterribleday“那可怕的一天”，可知這份記憶是深刻的而且不美好，深深烙印在孩子們的記憶里。beembeddedin“嵌入；扎根于”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Wecan’thopetocompetewithotherbigcompanies（

）wehaveinferiorequipmentinourinstallationlinesandtrainingofourworkforce.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nevertheless

B.unless

C.if

D.oncondition

【答案】C

【解析】考查連詞詞義和詞組辨析。nevertheless然而；不過；unless除非，如果不；if如果；即使；oncondition只要。根據(jù)前后句意推斷C項(xiàng)符合題意，答案C。句意：如果我們?cè)诎惭b線上的設(shè)備和職工培訓(xùn)方面是較差的，那么我們就不能指望去與其他大公司競爭。

7.單選題

Wewillintroducelegislationtosimplifytrademarkregistrationsandextendtherightsthey______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confer

B.exclude

C.allot

D.commend

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)confer“授予（獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、學(xué)位、榮譽(yù)或權(quán)利）”；B選項(xiàng)exclude“不放在考慮之列；防止……進(jìn)入，阻止……參加，把……排斥在外”；C選項(xiàng)allot“分配，配給（時(shí)間、錢財(cái)?shù)龋?；分派（任?wù)等）”；D選項(xiàng)commend“贊揚(yáng)；舉薦”。句意：我們將出臺(tái)立法，簡化商標(biāo)注冊(cè)程序，擴(kuò)大他們______的權(quán)利。橫線處和they形成主謂關(guān)系來修飾rights“權(quán)利”，A選項(xiàng)confer“授予（獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)、學(xué)位、榮譽(yù)或權(quán)利）”對(duì)應(yīng)rights“權(quán)利”，符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Ananonymousletter_______policetothepossibilityofaterroristattackattheairport.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.imposed

B.alerted

C.warned

D.informed

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.imposed使（別人）接受自己的意見B.alerted向……報(bào)警，使警惕，使戒備（警告某人危險(xiǎn)或緊急情況）

C.warned提醒注意（可能發(fā)生的事），使警惕（以便于避免某事，尤指可能發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)或不愉快的事情）D.informed知會(huì)，通知（尤指以官方的方式告訴某人某事）

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】橫線處和police構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓搭配關(guān)系，指的是有人匿名向警察報(bào)警，說可能會(huì)有人襲擊機(jī)場，alerted符合語境，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)不符合語境。

【句意】一封匿名信提醒警方注意機(jī)場可能會(huì)發(fā)生恐怖襲擊。

9.單選題

Inbusinessto-businessmarkets,salesofsomesoftwareproductslanguishbecausenotenoughindependentsoftwarevendorswriteapplications.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advertise

B.last

C.decline

D.dominate

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.advertise（為……）做廣告；登廣告B.last持續(xù)

C.decline減少；下降D.dominate支配；控制

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息becausenotenoughindependentsoftwarevendorswriteapplications（由于沒有足夠多的獨(dú)立軟件供應(yīng)商編寫應(yīng)用程序）可推知，salesofsomesoftwareproductslanguish指的是軟件產(chǎn)品的銷量下降，languish在句中表示“下降”，C項(xiàng)詞義與之相近，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合劃線單詞詞義。

【句意】在企業(yè)對(duì)企業(yè)的市場中，由于沒有足夠多的獨(dú)立軟件供應(yīng)商編寫應(yīng)用程序，一些軟件產(chǎn)品的銷售受到影響。

10.單選題

Scientistsshouldhavechoiceastowhatareastheyexplore,andcertainlyhavetheethicalrightandobligationsas（

）toinfluencewhatuseismadeoftheirdiscoveries.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.anthropologists

B.philanthropists

C.archaeologists

D.humanists

【答案】D

【解析】anthropologist人類學(xué)家；philanthropist慈善家；archaeologist考古學(xué)家；humanist人道主義者。句意：科學(xué)家應(yīng)該選擇他們所探索的領(lǐng)域，他們當(dāng)然也有像人道主義者一樣的道德權(quán)利和義務(wù)來影響他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)的用途。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

11.單選題

Beforeabigexam,asoundnight’ssleepwilldoyoumoregoodthanporingovertextbooks.That,atleast,isthefolkwisdom.Andscience,intheformofbehavioralpsychology,supportsthatwisdom.Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodformemory.Onesaysthatsleepiswhenpermanentmemoriesform.Theothersaysthattheyareactuallyformedduringtheday,butthen“edited”atnight,toflushawaywhatissuperfluous.

Totellthedifference,itisnecessarytolookintothebrainofasleepingperson,andthatishard.Butafteradecadeofpainstakingwork,ateamledbyPierreMaquetatLiegeUniversityinBelgiumhasmanagedtodoit.TheparticularstageofsleepinwhichtheBelgiangroupisinterestedisrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,whenbrainandbodyareactive,heartrateandbloodpressureincrease,theeyesmovebackandforthbehindtheeyelidsasifwatchingamovie,andbrainwavetracesresemblethoseofwakefulness.Itisduringthisperiodofsleepthatpeoplearemostlikelytoreliveeventsofthepreviousdayindreams.

Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPETtostudythebrainsofpeopleastheypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.Thetaskrequiredthemtopressabuttonasfastaspossible,inresponsetoalightcomingoninoneofsixpositions.Astheylearnthowtodothis,theirresponsetimesgotfaster.Whattheydidnotknowwasthattheappearanceofthelightssometimesfollowedapattern—whatisreferredtoasan“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthattheylearntfasterwhenthepatternwaspresentthanwhentherewasnot.

Whatismore,thosewithmoretolearn(i.e.,the“grammar”,aswellasthemechanicaltaskofpushingthebutton)havemoreactivebrains.The“editing”theorywouldnotpredictthat,sincethenumberofirrelevantstimuliwouldbethesameineachcase.Andtoeliminateanydoubtsthattheexperimentalsubjectswerelearningasopposedtounlearning,theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep.

Theteam,therefore,concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep,particularlyifthebraindetectsaninherentstructureinthematerialbeinglearnt.Sonow,ontheeveofthatcrucialtest,mathsstudentscansleepsoundlyintheknowledgethatwhattheywillrememberthenextdayarethebasicrulesofalgebraandnottheincoherenttalkfromtheradionextdoor.

1.Thephrase“poringover”inthefirstsentenceofthepassagemaybebestinterpretedas（

）.

2.Thereasonwhysleepisgoodforthememory（

）.

3.Theexperimentersfoundthattheirsubjects（

）.

4.TheBelgiangroupreachedtheconclusionthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lookinginterestinglyat

B.learningwithouthesitation

C.studyingwithcloseattention

D.memorizingwithafastpace

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.istobeclarifiedbybehavioralpsychology

B.isrootedinitsfunctionofrelaxingthebrain

C.liesinitscontributiontotheformationoflastingmemories

D.stemsfromitscompilingmemoriesandriddingthingsunwanted

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.learnedquicklyhowtorespondtothelightstimuli

B.pickedupthe“artificialgrammar”duringtheirREMsleep

C.pushedthebuttonfasterintheabsenceofthelightpattern

D.increasedtheirresponsetimeastheylearnttheuartificialgrammar”

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thebrainworksmoreefficientlybyknowingasetpatternofthings

B.thesecondtheoryfailedtocoverallthebrainresponsesduringsleep

C.REMsleepreactivatesconnectionsbetweenthenervesandthememory

D.it’sbeyonddoubtthatthesubjectswerelearningincontrasttounlearning

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.根據(jù)原文句意：在大考之前，睡個(gè)好覺比鉆研課本對(duì)你更有好處。既然是考試，當(dāng)然會(huì)仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地復(fù)習(xí)，所以選項(xiàng)C最能解釋poringover。

2.根據(jù)第一段“sleepiswhenpermanentmemoriesform.”可知選項(xiàng)C正確。

3.根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，Maquet博士使用了一款名為PET的電子設(shè)備來研究人們白天練習(xí)一項(xiàng)任務(wù)和第二天晚上睡覺時(shí)的大腦。這項(xiàng)任務(wù)要求人們盡快按下按鈕，對(duì)6個(gè)位置當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的那盞燈作出反應(yīng)。當(dāng)他們學(xué)會(huì)如何這樣做時(shí)，他們的反應(yīng)更快了。他們不知道的是,這些光的出現(xiàn)有時(shí)遵循一種模式——這被稱為“人造語法”。所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.根據(jù)最后一段第一句“thenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep,particularlyifthebraindetectsaninherentstructureinthematerialbeinglearnt.”在眼睛快速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的睡眠中，特別是當(dāng)大腦檢測(cè)到正在學(xué)習(xí)的東西有固有的結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，與記憶有關(guān)的神經(jīng)連接會(huì)通過重新激活得到加強(qiáng)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

12.單選題

Thislaw___thenumberofaccidentscausedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.intendsreducing

B.intendstobereduced

C.isintendedtoreduce

D.isintendedreducing

【答案】C

【解析】考查語法。本句主語為Thislaw，賓語為：thenumberofaccidents，causedbychildrenrunningacrosstheroadwhentheygetoffthebus為非謂語動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的定語修飾先行詞accidents，定語中包含了一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，句意：這項(xiàng)法律___兒童下車時(shí)跑過馬路造成的事故數(shù)量。由基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格處需要填入謂語，intend“打算；想要；意指”，結(jié)合主語，法律不會(huì)主動(dòng)做某事，可至空格需要填入被動(dòng)語態(tài)，排除A，B；最后根據(jù)固定搭配intendtodosth.“想要做；想要做某事”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Maryisso（）thatshewillbelieveanythingyoutellher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.credulous

B.believable

C.trustworthy

D.sophisticated

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)credulous“輕信的；因輕信而產(chǎn)生的”；believable“可信的”；trustworthy“可靠的；可信賴的”；sophisticated“復(fù)雜的；精致的；久經(jīng)世故的”。句意：瑪麗如此……，以至于她會(huì)相信任何告訴她的事。詞組sothat“如此……以至于……”由后半句她會(huì)相信你和她說的任何事情，顯然易見她是輕信他人的，故選A。

14.單選題

Everyoneshouldbefreetoenjoytherightsandfreedoms______intheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidout

B.laidinto

C.laiddown

D.laidoff

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.laidout展示；安排B.laidinto痛打；痛斥

C.laiddown放下；制定D.laidoff解雇；休息

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息therightsandfreedoms（權(quán)利和自由）和theUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights（《世界人權(quán)宣言》）可知，《世界人權(quán)宣言》規(guī)定了人們享有的權(quán)利和自由，空格處表示“制定，規(guī)定”符合句意，故該題選擇C項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】人人都應(yīng)享有《世界人權(quán)宣言》規(guī)定的權(quán)利和自由。

15.單選題

AfteraconcerttourinAsia,EnglandandCanada,hewill（）workonafive-languageopera.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confine

B.indulge

C.resume

D.undergo

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)confine“限制”；B選項(xiàng)indulge“沉溺，滿足，放任”；C選項(xiàng)resume“重新開始，繼續(xù)”；D選項(xiàng)undergo“經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受”。句意：在結(jié)束了亞洲、英國和加拿大的巡演后，他將重新開始從事于五種語言的歌劇。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

16.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Frombeachballs,pooltoys,andjumphouses,inflatabletechnologytakesabigstepforwardforitsnextfrontier:spacestation.AnewkindoftechwillbeaboardSpaceX'seighthsupplymissiontotheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).Acompressedlivingmodulewillbedeliveredandattachedtothestationwhere,inthevoidofspace,itwillexpandintoanewhabitatforastronauts.

DesignedbyBigelowAerospace,theinflatablespacehabitatisoneareaNASAisexploringforpotentialdeepspacehabitatsandotheradvancedspacemissions.

"The‘BigelowExpandableActivityModule',ortheBEAM,isanexpandablehabitatthatwillbeusedtoinvestigatetechnologyandunderstandthepotentialbenefitsofsuchhabitatsforhumanmissionstodeepspace,”NASAAdministratorCharlesBoldenwroteinablogpost.Thehabitatscouldbeawayto“dramaticallyincrease”thespaceavailableforastronautswhilealsoofferingaddedprotectionfromthedangersofspace,likeradiationandspacedebris,theNASApressreleasesays.

Buthowisaninflatablespacestationsupposedtobeaviablemeansofhousingforspacetravelers?BEAMsarefarmorethanballoon-likeroomswhereastronautscantakeasylum.Technically,themodulesdon'tinflate—theyexpand,accordingtothecompany.Andbeyondjustair,thehabitatsarereinforcedwithaninternalmetalstructure.Theoutsideiscomposedofmultiplelayersofmaterialincludingthingslikerubberandkevlartoprotectformanyspeedingdebris.

InsideSpaceX'sDragonspacecraftonthewaytotheISS,theBEAMwillbeapproximately8feetindiameter.Itwillexpandoncedeployedinspacetooffer565cubicfeetofspaceforastronauts.“It'llbethefirsttimehumanbeingswillactuallystepinsidethisexpandablehabitatinspace,”formerastronautGeorgeZamka,whohasworkedforBigelowAerospace,toldUSAToday.“Therewon'tbethissenseofitbeinglikeaballoon.”

Butastronautswon'tbegettinginsidethemoduleforsometimeyet.TheBEAMwillbeattachedtotheTranquilityNodeanddeployed.InsidethemoduleareaseriesoftoolsthatwillhelpthecrewoftheISSmonitordifferentaspectsoftheexpandableareatoseehowitactsinspace.Thecrewwillwatchheat,radiation,orbitaldebris,andprovideinformationabouttheviabilityofusingsimilarmodulesinthefuture.

Thetestingisscheduledtogoonforatwo-yeartimeperiod,afterwhichthemodulewillbereleasedandburnupintheatmosphere.NASA'spartnershipwithBigelowfitsMr.Bolden'sdesiretohelpgrowarobustprivatesectorindustrytocommercializeaspectsofspace—aprocessheseesasvitalifhumanswanttoreachfarthercosmicdestinations.“TheworldoflowEarthorbitbelongstoindustry,”BoldensaidatapressconferenceinJanuary2015.

1.WhatisspecialaboutthenewlivingmoduleonSpaceX'seighthmissiontoISS?

2.Whatisthepurposeofdesigningtheinflatablespacehabitat?

3.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5mean?

4.WhydoesNASAintendtocommercializeaspectsofspace?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Itisexpandable.

B.Itlookslikeatoy.

C.Itisgoingtodeepspace.

D.ItwillnotreturntoEarth.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itistofindoutitspotentialcapacity.

B.Itistogiveatryonanewtechnology.

C.Itistosavetimeandmoneyinproduction.

D.Itistoseeifitcanbeappliedindeepspace.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thehabitatwillnotbeaballoon-likeroom.

B.Thehabitatwillnotfeellikeaballoon.

C.Thehabitatwillbelikeasenselessballoon.

D.Thehabitatwillbeadifferentkindofballoon.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.ItcansaveNASAtimeandenergy.

B.Itisnecessaryforarobustindustry.

C.Itiscrucialforfurtherspaceexplorations.

D.ItmeetsbothNASA'sandBigelow'sneeds.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Whatisspecialaboutthenewlivingmoduleon