考研考博-英語-山東勞動職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第1頁
考研考博-英語-山東勞動職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第2頁
考研考博-英語-山東勞動職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第3頁
考研考博-英語-山東勞動職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第4頁
考研考博-英語-山東勞動職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩468頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東勞動職業(yè)技術(shù)學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Afterworkingallday,hewassotiredthathewasinno()togotothepartywithus.

問題1選項

A.taste

B.mood

C.sense

D.emotion

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。innomoodtodosth“沒心情做某事”。句意:工作一整天之后,他很疲勞以至于他沒有心情跟我們?nèi)⒓泳蹠?。故B項正確。

2.單選題

Untilmeninventedwaysofstayingunderwaterformorethanafewminutes,thewondersoftheworldbelowthesurfaceoftheseawerealmostunknown.Themainproblem,ofcourse,liesinair.Howcouldairbesuppliedtoswimmersbelowthesurfaceofthesea?Picturesmadeabout2,900yearsagoinAsiashowmenswimmingunderthesurfacewithairbagstiedtotheirbodies.Apipefromthebagcarriedairintotheswimmer’smouth.Butlittleprogresswasachievedintheinventionofdivingdevicesuntilabout1490,whenthefamousItalianpainter,LeonardodaVinci,designedacompletedivingsuit.

In1680,anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbagwithaglasswindowtobewornoverthediver’shead.To“clean”theairabreathingpipewentfromtheairbag,throughanotherbagtoremovemoisture,andthenagaintothelargeairbag.Theplandidnotwork,butitgavelaterinventorstheideaofmovingairaroundindivingdevices.

In1819,aGerman,AugustusSiebe,developedawayofforcingairintothehead-coveringbyamachineoperatedabovethewater.Finally,in1837,heinventedthe“hard-hatsuit”thatwastobeusedfornearlyacentury.Ithadametalcoveringfortheheadandanairpipeattachedtoamachineabovethewater.Italsohadsmallopeningstoremoveunwantedair.Butthereweretwodangerstothediverinsidethe“hard-hatsuit”.Onewasthesuddenrisetothesurface,causedbyatoogreatsupplyofair.Theotherwasthecrushingofthebody,causedbyasuddendivingintodeepwater.Thesuddenrisetothesurfacecouldkillthediver;asuddendivecouldforcehisbodyupintothehelmet,whichcouldalsoresultindeath.

Graduallythe“hard-hatsuit”wasimprovedsothatthedivercouldbegivenaconstantsupplyofair.Thedivercouldthenmovearoundundertheoceanwithoutworryingabouttheairsupply.

Duringthe1940sdivingunderwaterwithoutaspecialsuitbecamepopular.Instead,diversusedabreathingdeviceandasmallcoveringmadeofrubberandglassoverpartsoftheface.Toimprovetheswimmer’sspeedanothernewinventionwasused:apieceofrubbershapedlikeagiantfoot,whichwasattachedtoeachofthediver’sownfeet.Themanufactureofrubberbreathingpipesmadeitpossiblefordiverstofloatonthesurfaceofthewater,observingthemarinelifeunderneaththem.Aspecialrubbersuitenabledthemtostayincoldwaterforlongperiods,collectingspecimensofanimalandvegetablelifethathadneverbeenobtainedinthepast.

Themostimportantadvance,however,wastheinventionofaself-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus,whichiscalleda“scuba”.

InventedbytwoFrenchmen,JacquesCousteauandEmileGagnan,thescubaconsistsofamouth-piecejoinedtooneortwotanksofcompressedairwhichareattachedtothediver’sback.

Thescubamakesitpossibleforadiver-scientisttowork200feetunderwaterorevendeeperforseveralhours.Asaresult,scientistscannowmovearoundfreelyatgreatdepths,learningaboutthewondersofthesea.

1.Themainprogressmentionedinthispassagewas(

).

2.AninventionofanItalianprofessor(

).

3.Siebes’inventionwasnotaperfectone,because(

).

4.Theword“scuba”is(

).

問題1選項

A.anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbag

B.meninventedthebestdivingdevices

C.anItalianpainterdesignedacompletedivingsuit

D.anairbag

問題2選項

A.workedoutverywell

B.can“clean”theair

C.inspiredlaterinventions

D.wasusedtoremovemoisture

問題3選項

A.toosmallasupplyofaircouldresultinasuddenrisetothesurface

B.asuddendiveintodeepwatercouldcausethecrushingofthebody

C.theairpipeattachedtoamachinecouldbeabovethesurface

D.bothAandB

問題4選項

A.acertaindiver’sname

B.anoriginalEnglishword

C.namedbytheinventor

D.anacronym

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)文中的單詞“invented,developed,improved”以及“themostimportantadvance”可以知道,文章一直在闡述潛水裝備的發(fā)展進程。選項B符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“itgavelaterinventorstheidea”這一句得知選項C最符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第三句,“Butthereweretwodangers…Onewas…Theotherwas…,”選項B最符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“self-containedunderwaterbreathingapparatus”,可知scuda是首字母縮略詞,選項D符合題意。

3.單選題

VisitBritainisgivingtheUK’smostlovedattractionsaMandarinmakeoverto()morehigh-spendingChinesevisitors.

問題1選項

A.lure

B.achieve

C.reclaim

D.exclaim

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項lure表示“誘惑,引誘”,B選項achieve表示“取得,獲得,實現(xiàn),成功”,C選項reclaim表示“開拓,回收利用,改造,抗議”,D選項exclaim表示“呼喊,驚叫,大聲說出”。由句意可知,VisitBritain(英國旅游局官網(wǎng))正在給網(wǎng)站做普通話版本的改版,為的是()更多出手闊綽的中國游客。因此,只有A選項最符合原文句意,故本題正確答案為A選項。

4.單選題

Asageneralrule,privateindividualsarefreetorefusetobuygoodsorservicesfromabusiness()thatthebusinesshastradinglinkswithacountrywhichisunderthecontrolofagovernmentofwhichtheydisapprove.

問題1選項

A.ontheground

B.onthegrounds

C.fortheground

D.forthegrounds

【答案】B

【解析】介詞詞組辨析。ontheground“在地上,在決斗”;onthegrounds“由于的原因”;for不能和ground搭配,所以排除C和D項。句意:一般來說,個人可以自由地拒絕從一個企業(yè)購買商品或者服務(wù),原因是該企業(yè)與他們不贊成的政府控制的國家有貿(mào)易聯(lián)系。選項B符合題意。

5.單選題

Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.Thatcompulsionhasresultedinrobotics—thescienceofconferringvarioushumancapabilitiesonmachines.Andifscientistshaveyettocreatethemechanicalversionofsciencefiction,theyhavebeguntocomeclose.

Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.Ourfactorieshumtotherhythmofrobotassemblyarms.Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction.Oursubwaytrainsarecontrolledbytirelessrobot-drivers.Andthankstothecontinualminiaturizationofelectronicsandmicro-mechanics,therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywithsub-millimeteraccuracy—fargreaterprecisionthanhighlyskilledphysicianscanachievewiththeirhandsalone.

Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves—goalsthatposearealchallenge.“Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror,”saysDaveLavery,managerofaroboticsprogramatNASA,“wecan’tyetgivearobotenough‘commonsense’toreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld.’’

Indeedthequestfortrueartificialintelligencehasproducedverymixedresults.Despiteaspellofinitialoptimisminthe1960sand1970swhenitappearedthattransistorcircuitsandmicroprocessorsmightbeabletocopytheactionofthehumanbrainbytheyear2010,researcherslatelyhavebeguntoextendthatforecastbydecadesifnotcenturies.

Whattheyfound,inattemptingtomodelthought,isthatthehumanbrain’sroughlyonehundredbillionnervecellsaremuchmoretalented—andhumanperceptionfarmorecomplicated—thanpreviouslyimagined.Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanrecognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactoryenvironment.Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.ThemostadvancedcomputersystemsonEarthcan’tapproachthatkindofability,andneuroscientistsstilldon’tknowquitehowwedoit.

1.Humaningenuitywasinitiallydemonstratedin().

2.Theword“gizmos”(Line2,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans().

3.Accordingtothetext,whatisbeyondman’sabilitynowistodesignarobotthatcan().

4.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso().

5.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare().

問題1選項

A.theuseofmachinestoproducesciencefiction

B.thewideuseofmachinesinmanufacturingindustry

C.theinventionoftoolsfordifficultanddangerouswork

D.theelite’scunningtacklingofdangerousandboringwork2.Theword“gizmos”(Line2,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans().

問題2選項

A.programs

B.experts

C.devices

D.creatures3.Accordingtothetext,whatisbeyondman’sabilitynowistodesignarobotthatcan().

問題3選項

A.fulfilldelicatetaskslikeperformingbrainsurgery

B.interactwithhumanbeingsverbally

C.havealittlecommonsense

D.respondindependentlytoachangingworld4.Besidesreducinghumanlabor,robotscanalso().

問題4選項

A.makeafewdecisionsforthemselves

B.dealwithsomeerrorswithhumanintervention

C.improvefactoryenvironments

D.cultivatehumancreativity.5.Theauthorusestheexampleofamonkeytoarguethatrobotsare().

問題5選項

A.expectedtocopyhumanbrainininternalstructure

B.abletoperceiveabnormalitiesimmediately

C.farlessablethanhumanbraininfocusingonrelevantinformation

D.bestusedinacontrolledenvironment

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.事實細節(jié)題。題干:人類的創(chuàng)造性最初表現(xiàn)在_________。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“Humaningenuity”和“initially”可以定位到文章第一段開頭Sincethedawnofhumaningenuity,peoplehavedevisedevermorecunningtoolstocopewithworkthatisdangerous,boring,burdensome,orjustplainnasty.(從人類產(chǎn)生智慧初期至今,人們一直在設(shè)計越來越巧妙的工具來應(yīng)付那些危險的、枯燥的、繁重的或者直接就是骯臟的工作。),可知,C選項“發(fā)明工具以處理困難和危險的工作”,符合題意。由于講的是最初的創(chuàng)造力,因此可以排除A選項“用機器來創(chuàng)作科幻小說”,B選項“制造業(yè)對機器的廣泛使用”和D選項“精英人士對危險和枯燥的工作的巧妙的處理”。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是C選項。

2.詞義辨析題。題干:單詞“gizmos”(第二段第一行)最有可能的意思是_________。由題干定位到文章第二段第一句話Asaresult,themodernworldisincreasinglypopulatedbyintelligentgizmoswhosepresencewebarelynoticebutwhoseuniversalexistencehasremovedmuchhumanlabor.(由此引起的結(jié)果是,現(xiàn)代世界已經(jīng)充斥著越來越多的智能____,盡管我們幾乎都注意不到它們,但它們的普遍存在卻節(jié)省了許多人類勞力。),然后作者提及到了“工廠機械手”、“自動柜員機”以及“機器人駕駛員”等等。由此我們可以認定這些設(shè)施都是對“gizmo”的舉例和解釋。而這幾樣?xùn)|西具有一個共同的特征,即它們都是“工具”。相比四個選項,只有C選項“設(shè)備”最合適。A選項“程序”,B選項“專家”和D選項“生物”,均不符合題意。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是C選項。

3.事實細節(jié)題。題干:根據(jù)本文,現(xiàn)在超越人類能力范圍的是設(shè)計一種能________的機器人。根據(jù)題干定位到第三段最后一句話wecan’tyetgivearobotenough‘commonsense’toreliablyinteractwithadynamicworld.(我們現(xiàn)在還沒法設(shè)計出能有足夠的常識去應(yīng)付一個動態(tài)世界的機器人。),因為該句中的“dynamic”就是“動態(tài)的、變化的”意思,因此我們可以判定選項D“對一個變化的世界獨立應(yīng)付”是可以目前不能做到,D選項符合題意。而C選項“有一些常識”,是可以做到的。第二段末尾提到therearealreadyrobotsystemsthatcanperformsomekindsofbrainandbonesurgerywithsub-millimeteraccuracy(已經(jīng)有一些機器人系統(tǒng)可以進行精確到亞毫米的腦部和骨骼手術(shù)。),可知A選項“完成諸如腦手術(shù)這樣的精細的工作”,是可以做到的,排除。第二段第三句話Ourbankingisdoneatautomatedtellerterminalsthatthankuswithmechanicalpolitenessforthetransaction(我們的銀行業(yè)務(wù)是在自動柜員機完成的,它們會機械地、禮貌地感謝我們的服務(wù)。),所以現(xiàn)在的機器人例如自動柜員機可以進行口頭交流,B選項“與人類進行口頭交流”,排除。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是D選項。

4.事實細節(jié)題。題干:除了減少人類勞動,機器人還能夠_________。尋找機器人還能夠從事什么工作,這就需要對四個選項進行比較,尋找答案。A選項提到機器人能夠為自己做幾個決策,通過“decision”這個單詞可以定位到第三段第一句話Butifrobotsaretoreachthenextstageoflaborsavingutility,theywillhavetooperatewithlesshumansupervisionandbeabletomakeatleastafewdecisionsforthemselves.(但是如果機器人要進入節(jié)省勞力的下一個階段,他們必須能夠在更少的人工監(jiān)控下運行,并且至少能夠獨立地做一些決定。),這句話表明,目前機器人還不能獨立做一些決定,所以A選項排除。通過第三段第二句話Whileweknowhowtotellarobottohandleaspecificerror(雖然我們知道如何讓機器人去糾正一個特定的錯誤),可知,B選項“通過人類干預(yù)處理一些錯誤”,符合題意。由最后一段第二句話Theyhavebuiltrobotsthatcanrecognizetheerrorofamachinepanelbyafractionofamillimeterinacontrolledfactoryenvironment.(他們已經(jīng)制造出能夠在受控的工廠環(huán)境中識別出一毫米以內(nèi)的機器誤差的機器人。),可知機器人是受環(huán)境控制的,所以C選項“改善工廠環(huán)境”不正確。D選項“培養(yǎng)人的創(chuàng)造性”,機器人的性能應(yīng)該是由人培養(yǎng)的,所以D選項的說法不正確。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是B選項。

5.作者意圖題。題干:作者使用猴子的例子,為的是說機器人_________。最后一段提到Butthehumanmindcanglimpsearapidlychangingsceneandimmediatelydisregardthe98percentthatisirrelevant,instantaneouslyfocusingonthemonkeyatthesideofawindingforestroadorthesinglesuspiciousfaceinabigcrowd.ThemostadvancedcomputersystemsonEarthcan’tapproachthatkindofability,andneuroscientistsstilldon’tknowquitehowwedoit.(但人們看一眼迅速變化的場景就能夠迅速的排除98%的不相干信息,立即把注意力集中到蜿蜒的森林小路邊的一只猴子,或者在茫茫人海中的一張可疑的臉。地球上最先進的計算機系統(tǒng)也無法達到這種能力。),由此可知,機器人、人工智能,雖然能為人類做很多工作,但與人的大腦智能、感知能力相比,還相差甚遠。所以C選項“在聚焦相關(guān)信息方面遠遠不如人類”,描述正確。A選項“被期望復(fù)制人腦內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)”,B選項“能夠立即覺察到不正常情況”,D選項“最適合在受控環(huán)境下使用”,均不是作者舉例子的意圖。綜上所述,本題的正確答案是C選項。

6.翻譯題

研究人員稱,遠程辦公等彈性工作模式有益于身體健康。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),如果人們有條件在家工作,壓縮工作周的時間,那他們就可以選擇更為健康的生活方式,鍛煉身體的機會增多,睡眠也會更好。

可能彈性工作模式讓人們能有更充裕的時間來實現(xiàn)健康的生活方式,或者是它讓人們能更好的安排自己的時間。彈性工作制最初是為了幫助人們(尤其是女性)同時兼顧工作和家庭,但有關(guān)證據(jù)表明這顯然不僅僅是女性的問題。

研究人員對一家大型醫(yī)藥公司職員的“健康風險評估”進行了分析,職員涉及倉儲,生產(chǎn)和管理等多個不同的崗位。

一名研究人員說:“這不僅僅針對管理層,而是涉及到公司各個崗位的員工?!彼f,該研究能讓衛(wèi)生部門和相關(guān)機構(gòu)認識到,給員工更多的自由其實能帶來很多益處。但他也說,要評估彈性工作制的長期益處還需要開展進一步研究。

【答案】Aflexibleworklifesuchastelecommutingisgoodforourhealth,researcherssaid.Theyfoundthatifpeoplehavetheabilitytoworkathomeandtocompressworkweeks,theyaremorelikelytomakehealthierlifestylechoices,toexercisemoreandtosleepbetter.

Perhapsitgivespeoplethetimetofitinhealthierlifestyleintotheireverydayregimenormaybeitjustenablespeopletobettermanagetheirtime.Whiletheprimarypurposebehindtheflexibilitymovementwastohelppeople,especiallywomen,combineworkandfamily,evidencesuggeststhisisclearlynotonlyawomen'sissue.

TheresearchersanalyzeHealthRiskAppraisalsfromemployeesinjobsrangingfromwarehouseandproductionworkerstoexecutivesatalargemultinationalpharmaceuticalcompany.

"It'snotjustaboutmanagement,"saysoneresearcher."It'saboutpeopleineverypositioninthecompany."Hesaidthestudycouldhelphealthdepartmentsandagenciesrealizethatgivingworkersmorefreedomcouldhavemanybenefits.But,headded,furtherresearchwasneededtoassessthelong-termbenefits.

7.單選題

“Itisimpossiblethatoldprejudicesandhostilitiesshouldlongerexist,whilesuchaninstrumenthasbeencreatedfartheexchangeofthoughtbetweenallthenationsoftheearth,”acclaimedVictorianenthusiaststhearrivalin1858ofthefirsttransatlantictelegraphcable.Peoplesaythatsortofthingsaboutnewtechnologies,eventoday.Biotechnologyissaidtobethecureforworldhunger.Thesequencingofthehumangenomewillsupposedlyuprootcancerandotherdiseases.Thewildestoptimism,though,hasgreetedtheInternet.Awholeindustryofcybergurushasenthralledaudiences(andmadeafineliving)withclaimsthattheInternetwillpreventwars,reducepollution,andcombatvariousformsofinequalityHowever,althoughtheInternetisstillyoungenoughtoinspireidealism,ithasalsobeenaroundlongenoughtotestwhethertheprophetscanberight.

GrandestofalltheclaimsarethosemadebysomeoftheexpertsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyabouttheInternet’spotentialasaforceforpeace.NicholasNegroponte,hasdeclaredthat,thankstotheInternet,thechildrenofthefuture“arenotgoingtoknowwhatnationalismis”.Hiscolleague,MichaelDertouzos,haswrittenthatdigitalcommunicationswillbring“computer-aidedpeace”which“mayhelpstaveofffutureflare-upsofethnichatredandnationalbreak-ups”.Theideaisthatimprovedcommunicationswillreducemisunderstandingsandtransferconflict.

Thisisnotnew,anymorethanweretheclaimsforthepeace-makingpossibilitiesofothernewtechnologies.Intheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury,airplaneswereexpectedtoendwars,bypromotinginternationalcommunicationand(lesscredibly)bymakingarmiesout-of-date,sincetheywouldbeweaktoattackfromtheair.AftertheFirstWorldWarhaddispelledsuchnotions,itwastheturnofradio.“Nationshallspeakpeaceuntonation”ranthefinemottoofBritain’sBBCWorldService.Sadly,RadioofRwandadisprovedtheideathatradiowasanintrinsicallypeaceforceonceandforall.

Themistakepeoplemakeistoassumethatwarsarecausedsimplybythefailureofdifferentpeoplestounderstandeachotheradequately.Indeed,evenifthatweretrue,theInternetcanalsobeusedtoadvocateconflict.Hatespeechandintolerancedevelopinitsdarkcomers,wheregovernmentfindsithardtointervene.AlthoughtheInternetundeniablyfosterscommunication,itwillnotputanendtowar.

1.Nowadays,the1858acclaimbyenthusiastsarestillusedtodescribe(

).

2.Thephrase"staveoff"(underlinedinparagraph2)probablymeans

).

3.PeoplewillnotbelievetheInternetcanputanendtowarifthey(

).

問題1選項

A.themeritsofbiotechnology

B.thesignificanceofnewtechnology

C.theprospectoftheInternet

D.thesequencingofhumangenome

問題2選項

A.getridof

B.advocatefor

C.makeuseof

D.scrapethrough

問題3選項

A.cancontrolhatespeechandintoleranceontheInternet

B.donottakemisunderstandingasthereasonforwar

C.efficientlyfostertheInternetasameansofcommunication

D.knowthenatureoftheInternetistoadvocatewar

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由文章第一段中的Thewildestoptimism,though,hasgreetedtheInternet.(然而,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)帶來了最狂野的樂觀。)可知C選項“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的前景”符合題意。

2.詞義題。由文章第二段中的digitalcommunicationswillbring"computer-aidedpeace"which"mayhelpstaveofffutureflare-upsofethnichatredandnationalbreak-ups"(數(shù)字通信將帶來“計算機輔助和平”,這“有助于……未來民族仇恨的爆發(fā)和民族分裂的爆發(fā)”)可知“staveoff”為動詞詞組,which引導(dǎo)后面的定語從句,修飾先行詞computer-aidedpeace,根據(jù)“和平”的含義,可推測此處指減少或避免民族仇恨和分裂的爆發(fā),因此選A。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由文章最后一段中的theInternetcanalsobeusedtoadvocateconflict...AlthoughtheInternetundeniablyfosterscommunication,itwillnotputanendtowar.(互聯(lián)網(wǎng)也可以用來鼓吹沖突……盡管互聯(lián)網(wǎng)無可否認地促進了交流,但它不會結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭)可知D選項“認識互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的本質(zhì)就是倡導(dǎo)戰(zhàn)爭”符合題意。

8.單選題

Becauseoftheseveredrought,thegovernmenthasurgedpeopletobe(

)withwater.

問題1選項

A.economic

B.thrifty

C.cautions

D.economical

【答案】B

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。economic經(jīng)濟的;thrifty節(jié)約的,節(jié)省的;caution謹慎的,十分小心的;economical經(jīng)濟的,節(jié)約的。由句中“severedraught嚴重旱災(zāi)”可知政府號召人們節(jié)約用水,不要浪費水。句意:由于那場嚴重的旱災(zāi),政府號召人們節(jié)約用水。故答案B

9.單選題

Thefutureoftheworld’sclimateis______withtheriseoftemperature,wewillhavemoreextremeweathers.

問題1選項

A.atodds

B.introuble

C.invain

D.atstake

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項atodds“爭執(zhí),不一致”,B項introuble“在監(jiān)禁中,處于不幸中”,C項invain“徒勞,無效”,D項atstake“處于危險之中,在緊要關(guān)頭”。根據(jù)空格后面部分的句子意思“隨著氣溫的升高,我們將會有更多的極端天氣”可推斷,空格處填入D項符合。句意:隨著氣溫的上升,世界氣候的未來岌岌可危,我們將會有更多的極端天氣。因此,該題選擇D項正確。

10.單選題

Thecontemporaryphenomenonofmotorcarworshipistobeexplainednotleastbythesenseofindependenceandfreedomthatownership().

問題1選項

A.enrolls

B.entraps

C.enrages

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】考查形似動詞辨析。enroll“登記,注冊”;entrap“使陷入羅網(wǎng),欺騙”;enrage“激怒,使暴怒”;entail“需要;帶來”。句意:對于當今崇尚汽車的現(xiàn)象,究其原因是有了車可以獨立自由行動,不需要依賴別人。選項D符合題意。

11.單選題

Asageneralrule,Dadisgenerous,butasamerchant,heusuallydrivesahard(

).

問題1選項

A.bargain

B.deal

C.transaction

D.negotiation

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。driveahardbargain“討價還價”。句意:一般來說,父親是慷慨的,但是作為一個商人,他通常會討價還價。選項A符合題意。

12.單選題

Theannouncementofthedeathoftheirleadercausedthereafterafeelingofgreatdespairto(

)theirlives.

問題1選項

A.overflow

B.scatter

C.permeate

D.manipulate

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。overflow“使溢出”;scatter“散播;散開”;permeate“彌漫;充滿”;manipulate“操級;操作”。句意:領(lǐng)導(dǎo)去世的消息使得絕望的心情彌漫在他們生活中。選項C符合題意。

13.單選題

AlthoughAmericaninstitutionshaveanunquestionableprestigeinthe(

)academicmarketplace,theirhistorywasnotcomparablewiththatoftheBritishones.

問題1選項

A.curricular

B.contemporary

C.communicative

D.conceptual

【答案】B

【解析】句意:盡管美國的院校在當代學術(shù)論壇上有無可置疑的聲望,但是它們的歷史卻比不上英國院校的歷史。

考查形容詞辨析。Curricular課程的;contemporary屬同時期的,同一時代的,當代的;communicative樂意溝通的,語言交際能力的;conceptual概念(上)的,觀念(上)的。因此B符合句意。

14.單選題

Psychologiststhinkofattitudesasbeingpredispositiontowardobjectsoreventsthatdeterminethewaypeoplereacttodifferentstimuli.

問題1選項

A.priorinclinations

B.prescriptions

C.precautions

D.principalcommitments

【答案】A

【解析】心理學家認為態(tài)度是對事物或事件的一種傾向,它決定了人們對不同刺激的反應(yīng)方式。predisposition意為“傾向”。priorinclinations傾向,愛好;prescriptions醫(yī)藥處方;precautions預(yù)防措施,預(yù)警;principalcommitments主要承諾。選項A與之意思相近。

15.單選題

Soilonthemountainslopesisverysusceptible()erosion.

問題1選項

A.of

B.to

C.with

D.by

【答案】B

【解析】考查介詞辨析及搭配。A項of“……的”,B項to“到、朝、對于”,C項with“和……”,D項by“由、被、到……之前”;句意:山坡上的土壤很容易被侵蝕。besusceptibleto“易受……的影響”;因此B選項正確。

16.單選題

Hethoughtthathemightbeabletoavoidpayingsomeofhistaxesbytakingadvantagesofthe______inthelaw.

問題1選項

A.circle

B.misunderstanding

C.exception

D.loopholes

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項circle“周期”;B選項misunderstanding“誤解”;C選項exception“例外;異議”;D選項loopholes“漏洞”。句意:他認為他也許可以利用法律上的______來逃避繳納一些稅款。根據(jù)語境,這里是指鉆法律的空子避稅,D選項loopholes“漏洞”符合題意。因此D選項正確。

17.單選題

Abeamoflightwillnotbendroundcomersunless()todosowiththehelpofareflectingdevice.

問題1選項

A.made

B.beingmade

C.havingmade

D.tobemade

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),可知unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,主語為abeamoflight和make之間存在被動關(guān)系,選項C可排除。又因為題目中描述的情況為客觀事實,所以選用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài),選項B和D可排除。選用非謂語動詞made表被動即可。句意:一束光只有在反射儀器的幫助下才能彎成圓角。選項A符合題意。

18.單選題

Peoplewhoconsiderpaperbackpublishingarecentphenomenonoftendonotrealize(

)paperbound.

問題1選項

A.thatthedimenovelsofthe1860swere

B.thatthedimenovelswereofthe1860s

C.thereweredimenovelsofthe1860swhich

D.thatthedimenovelsofthe1860swhichwere

【答案】A

【解析】語法題。根據(jù)動詞realize和選項,可知空格中應(yīng)填入賓語從句。因為there不能充當賓語引導(dǎo)詞,選項C可排除。根據(jù)選項的賓語從句句子結(jié)構(gòu),可知賓語從句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu),主語為thedimenovelsofthe1860s,werepaperbound為謂語部分。句意:認為平裝本出版是最近的一種事物的人往往沒有意識到19世紀60年代的廉價小說就是平裝書。選項A符合題意。

19.單選題

I’mwritingtoyou______mybrotherwhoisillinthehospital.

問題1選項

A.onbehalfof

B.bythenameof

C.inplaceof

D.infavorof

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.onbehalfof代表B.bythenameof以……為名;名叫

C.inplaceof取代D.infavorof有利于,支持

【考查點】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“我______我生病住院的兄弟給你寫信”可知,我是代表我的兄弟寫信,所以該選擇A項符合句意。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】我代表我生病住院的兄弟給你寫信。

20.單選題

WecanrelyonWilliamtocarryoutthismission,forhisjudgmentisalways().

問題1選項

A.inexplicable

B.healthy

C.sound

D.straight

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。inexplicable“費解的,無法說明的”;healthy“健康的,健全的”;sound“合理的,可靠的”;straight“筆直的,正直的”。句意:我們可以依靠William去執(zhí)行這次任務(wù),因為他的判斷一直都很可靠。選項C符合句意。

21.翻譯題

我為什么寫作?我為了我們的國家、社會、生活更加美好而寫作。熱愛生活,我嘆息一切美好的瞬間的短促。只有文學才能使美好的瞬間與永恒連接起來。至少我有理由希望,在寫作的時候我能夠比我自己還要好一點,聰明一點,豐富一點,有時候更執(zhí)著一點,也有時候更豁達一點,因為我是太平凡了,我是有太多的缺點以至于缺陷。我不滿意自己,我已經(jīng)沒有辦法再重新投胎一次,我只能在寫作里得到一些校正與補償。我喜歡寫作還因為這并不總是快樂的。誰能回避那些沉重的不愉快的甚至于可怕的事情呢?然而當這一切經(jīng)驗都變成文學的契機的時候,人生就比較能夠忍受了。

【答案】WhydoIwrite?Iwriteforthebettermentofourcountry,societyandlife.Ilovelife,Isighthebrevityofallthebeautifulmoments.Onlyliteraturecanconnectthebeautifulmomentwiththeeternal.AtleastIhavereasontohopethatwhenIwrite,Icanbealittlebetterthanmyself,alittlesmarter,alittlericher,sometimesalittlemorepersistent,andsometimesalittlemoreopen-minded,becauseIamtooordinary,Ihavetoomanyshortcomingsandevendefects.Iamnotsatisfiedwithmyself,Ihavenowaytobebornagain,Icanonlygetsomecorrectionandcompensationfromwriting.Ialsolikewritingbecauseit'snotalwaysfun.Whocanavoidthoseheavyunpleasantandeventerriblethings?However,whenalltheseexperiencesbecometheopportunityofliterature,lifeismoretolerable.

22.單選題

Inafamilywheretherolesofmenandwomenarenotsharplyseparatedandwheremanyhouseholdtasksaresharedtoagreaterorlesserextent,notionsofmalesuperiorityarehardtomaintain.Thepatternofsharingintasksandindecisionsmakesforequality,andthisinturnleadstofurthersharing.Insuchahome,thegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptthatequalitymoreeasilythandidtheirparentsandtopreparemorefullyforparticipationinaworldcharacterizedbycooperationratherthanbythebattleofthesexes.

Iftheprocessgoestoofarandman’sroleisregardedaslessimportant—andthathashappenedinsomecasesweareasbadlyoffasbefore,onlyinreverse.

ItistimetoreassesstheroleofthemanintheAmericanfamily.Wearegettingalittletiredofmomism—butwedon’twanttoexchangeitforaneo-popism.Whatweneed,rather,istherecognitionthatbringingupchildreninvolvesapartnershipofequals.

Therearesignsthatpsychiatrists,psychologists,socialworkers,andspecialistsonthefamilyarebecomingmoreawareofthepartmenplayandthattheyhavedecidedthatwomenshouldnotreceiveallthecreditnotalltheblame.Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’splaceisthehome.Wearebeginning,however,toanalyzemen’splaceinthehomeandtoinsistthathedoeshaveaplaceinit.Noristhatplaceirrelevanttothehealthydevelopmentofthechild.

Thefamilyisacooperativeenterpriseforwhichitisdifficulttolaydownrules,becauseeachfamilyneedstoworkoutitsownwaysforsolvingitsownproblems.

Excessiveauthoritarianismhasunhappyconsequences,whetheritwearsskirtsortrousers,andtheidealofequalrightsandequalresponsibilitiesisconnectednotonlywithahealthydemocracy,butalsowithahealthyfamily.

1.Fromthepassageweknowthattheauthorisveryconcernedwiththerolethat____________.

2.Theauthormeanstotellusthat____________.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,ahealthyfamilyshouldbebasedon____________.

4.Whowillbenefitmostfromafamilypatternofsharingintasksanddecisions?

5.Wemaysafelyconcludefromthepassagethat____________.

問題1選項

A.parentsplayinbringinguptheirchildren

B.menplayinafamily

C.womenplayinafamily

D.equalityplaysinafamily

問題2選項

A.aman’splaceisinthehome

B.awoman’splaceisinthehome

C.awomanshouldbeequaltoaman

D.amanshouldhaveanequalshareinfamilymatters

問題3選項

A.cooperation

B.momism

C.authoritarianism

D.neo-popism

問題4選項

A.Thechildren.

B.Theman.

C.Thewoman.

D.Thepsychologist.

問題5選項

A.malesuperioritymaintainsahealthyfamily

B.authorityanddemocracyareveryessentialtoahealthyfamily

C.authoritarianismdoessomegoodtoahealthyfamily

D.womenshouldneverequaltomen

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.態(tài)度觀點題。根據(jù)第三段第一句ItistimetoreassesstheroleofthemanintheAmericanfamily.(是時候重新評估男人在美國家庭中的角色了),可見在這篇文章中偏重講男性在家庭中的角色,故B選項“男人在家庭中的角色”正確。A選項“父母在撫養(yǎng)孩子的過程中的角色”:文章主題不是怎樣撫養(yǎng)孩子,故錯誤。C選項“女性在家庭中的角色”和D選項“家庭中的平等地位”:相對于女性和男女平等,重新定位男性在家庭中的角色在本文是重點,故錯誤。因此B選項正確。

2.作者意圖題。根據(jù)第一段第二句Thepatternofsharingintasksandindecisionsmakesforequality(分擔任務(wù)和決策的模式促進了平等)和第三句Insuchahome,thegrowingboyandgirllearntoacceptthatequalitymoreeasily(在這樣的家庭長大的孩子比他們的父母更容易接受平等的觀念),可知作者認為在家務(wù)事當中,男女應(yīng)該平等,故D選項“男人應(yīng)該在家庭事務(wù)中擁有平等的份額”正確。A選項“男人應(yīng)該待在家里”:文中沒有提到,故錯誤。B選項“女人應(yīng)該待在家里”:根據(jù)第四段第二句Wehavealmostgivenupsayingthatawoman’splaceisthehome.(我們幾乎已經(jīng)放棄了女人應(yīng)該待在家里的說法。),可知作者不認為女性應(yīng)該待在家里,故錯誤。C選項“女人應(yīng)該和男人平等”:本文中的平等主要是指在家庭事務(wù)中平等付出,而不是地位平等,故錯誤。因此D選項正確。

3.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第五段第一句Thefamilyis

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論