《英語語言學(xué)》試題

《英語語言學(xué)》試題《英語語言學(xué)》試題15考試種類:考試時(shí)量:120分鐘題號(hào)一二三四五合分合分人考試種類:開卷出卷人:羅小英考試時(shí)量:120分鐘得分復(fù)查人得分評卷人I.Fillineachofthefollowingblanks(1%×20=20%)1.Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocal_________usedforhumancommunication.Languageisconsistingoftwosetsofstructures,ortwolevels,thatis,soundand___________.2.Ofallthespeechorgans,the________isthemostflexible,andisresponsibleforvarietiesofarticulationthananyother.Whenthevocalcordsaredrawnwideapart,lettingairgothroughwithoutcausingvibration,thesoundsproducedinsuchconditionare__________.3._______isvoicedalveolarfricative,while_______isback,closelongvowel.4.Thereare_______phones,________phonemesinword“start”.5.Complementarydistributionmeansthatthe________ofthesamephonemealwaysoccurindifferentphoneticenvironments.Generallyspeaking,wecandividephoneticsintoatleastthreebranches:articulatoryphonetics,________phoneticsandacousticphonetics.7.Chomskydefines_________astheidealspeaker’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguage,andperformanceistheactualrealizationofthisknowledge.8.__________referstothestudyoftherulesgoverningthewaywordsarecombinedtoformsentencesinalanguage,orsimplythestudyoftheformationofsentences.9.InEngllish,nouns,verbsadjectivesandadverbsmakeupthelargestpartofthevocabulary,theyarecalled______classwords,whileconjunctions,prepositions,articlesandpronounsareregardedascloseclasswords.Morphologyisthestudyoftheinternal________ofwordsandthewayinwhichwordsareformed.___________meansthatlanguagecanbeusedtorefertothingswhichpresentornotpresent,realorimaginedmattersinpast,present,orfuture,orinfar-awayplaces.------------------------------

密-----------------------------------------------封------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12.__________are

線--independentunitsofmeaningandcanbeusedfreelyallby

系別

班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)姓名themselves.13.InEnglish,_______referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.Alingusticstudyis_______ifitdescribesandanalysesthelanguagepeople1actuallyuse;itisprescriptiveifittriestolaydownrulesfor“correct”behavior.15.Suprasegmentalfeaturesinclude________toneandintonation.16.“Accuse?of”and“charge?with”are_______synonyms.II(Readanddecidethebestonethatcompletes

得分卷人thestatement.(1.5%×20=30%)Linguistsgiveprioritytothespokenlanguagenotonthewrittenlanguagebecause_________.A.vocalsoundsaredrivedfromwritingsystemsB.speechprecedeswritingeverywhereintheworldC.wehavereadingdevicestostudyspeechD.spokenlanguageprecededwritttenlanguageonlyinIndo-EuropeanlanguaeAccordingtoF.deSaussure,_______referstotheabstractlinguistics.A.paroleB.performanceC.langueD.language3.________isconcernedwithallthesoundsthatoccurintheworld’slanguage.A.PhonologyB.PhoneticsC.MorphologyD.Phonemics.4.Theword“boyish”containstwo______.morphemesB.morphsC.phonemesD.allophones5.Noun,verb,_____andprepositionaremajorlexicalcateogries.A.adverbB.pronounC.adjectiveD.conjunction6.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisvoicelessbilabialstop?A.[p]B.[m]C.[b]D.[t]Thestudyoflanguagetopsychologyis__________.A.sociolinguisticsB.psycholinguisticsC.appliedlinguisticsD.pragmaticsWhichofthefollowingsoundsiscentralvowel?A.[e]B.[i]C.[]D.[a:]InEnglish,“un-”and“dis”arecalled_________..A.prefixesB.infixesC.suffixesD.grammaticalwords10.______areproducedbymovingfromonevowelpositiontoanotherthroughinterventingposition.phrase“menandwomen”belongstothe_________contruction.English,allthefrontvowelsandthecentralvowelsare_______vowels.A.unroundedB.closeC.openD.rounded13.Whichisthemeaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords“flower/rose”?A.HomonymyB.AntonymyC.PolysemyD.Hyponymy14.Thewordssuchas“l(fā)ab”,“doc”are________.A.formedbyblendingB.acronyms2C.coinedbyback-formationD.clippedwords15.InEnglishifthreeconsonantsshouldclustertogetheratthebeginningofaword,thefirstphonememustbe/s/andthesecondphonememustbe/p/or/t/or/k/,thenthethirdphonemecannotbe_______.A./f/B./l/C./r/D./w/Thewords“make”and“bus”arecalled________becausetheycanoccurunattached.A.derivationalmorphemesB.inflectionalmorphemesC.boundmorphemesD.freemorphemes17.Thesemanticcomponentoftheword“man”canbeexpressedas________.A.+animate,+human,+male,-adultB.+animate,+human,-male,+adultC.+animate,+human,+male,+adultD.+animate,+human,-male,-adult______referstothelinguisticvarietycharacteristicofaparticularsocialclass.A.IdiolectB.SociolectC.EthnicdialectD.StandarddialectThephenomenon“holidaymeantadayofreligioussignificancebefore,buttodayitsignifiesanydayonwhichwedon

’thavetowork

”

is_______A.wideningofthemeaningB.narrowingofmeaningC.meaningshiftD.lossofthemeaningAllofthefollowingareAmericanEnglishEXCEPT______.A.fallB.elevatorC.petrolD.aparmentIII.Trueorfalse:(TforTrueandFfor得分評卷人False).(1.5%×20=30%)1.Languageishumanspecific.Englishisatypicaltonelanguage.Asynchronicstudyoflanguageisahistoricalstudy.TheclassificationofEnglishconsonantsinvolvesbothmannerofarticultionandplaceofarticulation.ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbyF.deSaussure.Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinthehumanhistory.Theword“ungentlemanliness”hasfivemorphemes.DeepStructureisthesameasSurfaceStructure.3ThereisonlyonetypeofaffixesintheEnglishlanguage.10.Syntaxisthebranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthemeaningoflanguage.11.Alocutionaryactistheactofconveyingliteralmeaningbymeansofsyntax,lexicon,andphonology.12.ModernEnglishisroughlyfrom499tothepresent.13.Thestandardlanguageandnon-standardlanguagearebothsociallyprestigious.14.TheassumptionthatBlackEnglishis“geneticallyinferior”,“deficient”and“incomplete”isquiteunreasonable.Oneoftherecenttrendsoflanguagechangeismovingtowardsgreaterformality.Pragmaticsisrelatedtoandalsodifferentfromsemantics.17.Inapairofgradableantonyms,thedenialofonememberofthepairimpliestheassertionoftheother.18.Thereisonlyoneargumentinthesentence“Kidslikeapples.”Freemorphemesarethesameasboundmorphemes.IPAstandsforInternationalPhoneticAlphabet.得分評卷人IV.Drawtreestructuresofthefollowingsentences.(2.5%×4=10%)Theapplemighthittheman.Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.Whatareyoudoingnow?V.Pleaseanswerthefollowingquestions.得分評卷人(5%×2=10%)1.Pleaselistoutthedesignfeaturesoflanguageandillustratethem.2.WhoputforwardtheCooperativePrinciple?Whatisitabout?4AnswerSheetI.Fillineachofthefollowingblanks

得分評卷人(1%×20=20%)1.__________,__________2.__________,__________3.__________,___________4._________,_________5.___________6.__________,7.__________8._________,II(Readanddecidethebestonethatcompletes

得分評卷人thestatement.(1.5%×20=30%)1()2()3()4()5()6()7()8()9()10()11()12()13()14()15()16()17()18()19()20()III.Trueorfalse:(TforTrueandFforFalse).

得分評卷人(1.5%×20=30%)1.()2()3()4()5()6()7()8()9()10()11()12()13()14()15()16()1(7)18()19()20()IV.Drawtreestructuresofthefollowing得分評卷人sentences.(2.5%×4=10%)1.Theapplemighthittheman.2.Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.系別班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)姓名5----------------------------------------

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線----------------------------------------------Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.4.Whatareyoudoingnow?V.Pleaseanswerthefollowingquestions.得分評卷人(5%×2=10%)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________