2021-2022學(xué)年北京市房山區(qū)市級名校高三沖刺模擬英語試卷含解析

2021-2022高考英語模擬試卷注意事項：.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。.選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0?5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。.請按照題號順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分（共20小題，每小題L5分，滿分30分）Manythoughtthatafterstarringintheimmenselypopulardrama,NirvanainFire,HuGewouldandactivelyseeknewroles.A.makeamountainoutofamolehillB?havetoomanyironsinthefirestrikewhiletheironishotD.putthecartbeforethehorseThegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity,butitwillbesometimethesituationimproves.A.since B.whenC.unlessD.beforeYoulookbeautifulinthisdressandthereisonlyoneofthiskindlefthere.Iwonderifyouwouldbuy.A.it B.oneC.someD.anyBetweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.A.like B.as C.or D.but—Eachofthestudentsworkinghardattheirhardattheirlessonsthebook.???SohaveI.readshavereadhasreadreadNobodyknowswhytheboycantellwhafswrittenonthepaperinanotherroomwithoutlookingatit.Itreallyexplanation.A.preventsB.challengesC.interruptsD.confusesTheleadersoftheBRICScountriesFridayreachedimportantonbuildinganopenworldeconomyandimprovingglobaleconomicgovernance（管理）duringtheirinformalmeetingonthesidelinesoftheG20SummitinHamburg,Germany.A.considerationB.consensusC.commitmentD.confirmationItisnotsurprisingthenewcourseonelectronicgameshasattractedmanystudents.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereTheonlyproblemwaswekeptgettinglost!ButpeopleinTianjinareveryfriendlyandhelpful.A.why B.whetherC.thatD.how—Whatapity!Youmissedmybirthdayparty.—Terriblysorry!myunclenotvisitedmeunexpectedly.A.Should B.WouldC.HadD.DidIfIitwithmyowneyesJwouldn'thavebelievedit.A.didn't B.weren'tseeingC.wouldn'tseeD.hadn'tseenItissometimessaidthatasocietycanbejudgedthewayitcaresitsweakestmembers.A.on;aboutB.by;forC.under;withD.with;onItwasonlyafterafamilyrelatedconversationIfoundoutshewasactuallymydistantcousin.A.when B.thatC.whichD.who40gramsofmeatperdayispeopleshouldconsumeinordertostayfit.A.that B.whyC.how D.whatIt'sforpeopletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife.A.reasonable B.availableC.accurateD.cautious—Whatdidshewanttoknow,Tom?—Shewonderedwecouldcompletetheexperiment.A.whenwasit B.itwaswhenthatC.itwaswhenD.whenitwasthatWethetopofthemountainbutforthisawfulweather.Itrainedallday.A.willreachB.wouldreachC.havereachedD.wouldhavereachedThosehavesixormoreclosefriendsaredescribedas“veryhappy**.B.whoA?whoseB.whoC.whichD.when—HowlongdoyouthinkitwillbetheStockMarketreturnstonormal?—Atleastoneyear,Iguess.A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.that—Aretherepairsfinishedyet?—Yes,theywhenIcamebackhome.A.wouldbecompletedB.wouldcompleteC.hadcompletedD.hadbeencompleted第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。（6分）Christmaswasnearaseasonthatwetookseriouslyinourhouse.Butaweekorsobeforethe25th,myfatherwouldgiveeachofhischildren$20.Thiswasthe1970s,and$20wasquiteabitofmoney.ButIsawitdifferently.Myfathertrustedmetohavethesmarttospendmoneywisely.Evenbetter,hegavemethemeanstogetit.Onaverybasiclevel,myfatherwasgivingmeashoppingspree（狂歡）everyyear..Buthewasalsogivingmechargeovermyownfun,trustingmyabilitytomanagemoneyandmakingmefeellikeagrown-up.Hedidn'tbuymeSherlockHolmes,buthegavemethemeanstowalkintothebookstoreandchooseitformyself,soitfeltlikeagiftfromhim.MymotherhadagiftforgivingmewhatIneeded,usuallyrightatthemomentIneededitmost.ThiswaswhenIwas25,1failedatbeinganadultonmyveryfirsttry.Ihadquittedmypreviousjobbuthadnonewone.Butwhenmymotherpaidmeavisit,Iputonagoodshow,tellingherIhadstartedmyowncompany.MymotherknewthatIwastryinghardandfailingatthattime.Itwasn'tuntilaftersheleftthatInoticedatthefootofmybedanenvelopethickwithcash.SheknewhowdesperatelyIneededit.Sheknewthathadshejustshownupwithgroceries,orofferedtopaymyrent,shewouldhavemademefeelmuchworse.Thecold,hardcashmeantshewashelpingme.And,funnilyenough,thedistancewithwhichshegavethegiftfeltlikeshewasgivingmespacetofixmylifeandpreservemydignity.Mymotherandfatherbothdidthesamething.Onewasgivingmethemeanstotakemyowndecisions,andtheotherwasgivingmeasecondchancewhenthosedecisionshadcostmedearly.1、Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?HisfamilyoncecelebratedChristmashappily.Hisfathergavetheauthorchancestomakedecisions.HisbestmemoriesaboutChristmaswereinthe1970s.Heusedtochoosebooksashisfather'sgiftonChristmas.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?A.moneyofferedbyhisfather.B.fathergenerouswithmoney.C.Christinasbeingimportant.D.themeansofspendingmoney.3、Whenhewas25yearsold,theauthor.A.plannedtoopenhiscompanyB.becameinterestedinshowsC.gavehismotheragiftD.wasoutofwork4、Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor'smother?A.sensitive.B.optimistic.C.considerate.D.determined.22.（8分）Bothhoneybeesandantsaresocialinsectsthatliveingroupscalledcolonies.Theysurvivebymeansoftheircollectiveintelligence.Theirdecision-makingpowerisdistributedthroughoutthegroup;thatis,nooneantorbeemakesdecisionsforthegroup.Instead,theyworktogether.AsDeborahM.Gordon,abiologistatStanfordUniversity,says,“Antsaren*tsmart.Antcoloniesare.”Thesameistrueforbeecolonies.Althoughbeesandantsarequitedifferentphysically,theyhavealotincommonintermsoftheirsocialbehavior.Specifically,honeybeesandantshavesimilarroleswithinthecolony,bothhavecommunicationsystems,andbothhavethecapacityforlearning.Antscommunicatebyusingchemicalscalledpheromones,whichcanalertotherstodangerortoafoodsource.Forexample,whenworkerantsfindapromisingsource,theylettherestofthecolonyknowhowtofinditbyleavingatrailofpheromonesonthewaybacktothecolony.Theotherantspickupthemessageusingtheirsenseofsmell.Bees,ontheotherhand,usemovementtocommunicatewitheachother.WorkerbeessendmessagestoeachotherbymeansofaMdanceM.Differentspeedsandmovementssenddifferentmessages.Forexample,whenworkerbeescalledscoutsgoouttofindanewhomeforthecolony,theyreturnanddoadancefortheotherworkerbeesthatindicatesthelocationofthenewhomeandhowsuitableitis.Thefasterthescoutsdance,thebetterthenewlocationis.Honeybeesandantsarebothcapableoflearning.OneChinesestudyfoundthatbeescanbetrainedtolearnandrememberaroutetoafoodsource.Theresearchersalsofoundthatbeescanbetaughttorecognizehiddenobjectsandusetheconceptsof“sameness"and"difference"toaccomplishcertaintasks.Antstakethisonestepfurther.RecentAmericanresearchhasshownthatantsnotonlyhavetheabilitytolearn,butalsocanteachtheirforagingskillstootheryoungerants.Theyobservedthatolderantsaccompanyyoungantsinsearchoffoodandteachthemtherouteandhowtoavoidobstacles.Aswecansee,thesocialbehaviorofhoneybeesandantsisquitesimilar.Bothcoordinatecomplexactionsandaccomplishcrucialsurvivaltasksbycooperatingingroupsconsistingofmanyindividuals.Unintelligentastheymaybeasindividuals,asgroupstheyoftenshowamazingbrillianceastheygoabouttheireverydayactivities.1、Whatdoantsandbeeshaveincommon?Theyliveinsimilar-sizedcolonies.Theymakeuseofcollectiveintelligence.Theyhavesmallleadershipgroupsthatmakealldecisions.Theyusethesamemethodstocommunicatewitheachother.2、Whatdoesthespeedofabee'sdanceindicate?Thequalityofanewcolonylocation.Thedistancetoaneighboringcolony.Thediscoveryofanewfoodsource.Thedirectiontoapotentialfoodsource.3、Inparagraph3,howdoestheauthordemonstratetheideathatHoneybeesandantsarebothcapableoflearning?Byusingstatistics.Byexplainingreasons.Byreferencingopinions.Bypresentingstudyfindings.4、Whatisthebenefitofcollectiveintelligence?Itallowsthecolonytoreproducemorerapidly.Itimprovesworkcooperationwithinthecolony.Itreducesthedivisionoflabouramongmembers.Itenablesindividualstoteacheachothernewskills.23.（8分）ThetheatreinShakespeareystimewasmuchdifferentthanitistoday.Authorswroteplaysforthemasses,especiallythosewhocouldn'treadorwrite.ThetheatrechangedalotduringShakespeare'slifetime.Theauthoritiesdidn'tlikeitanddidn'tallowactinginthecityitself:Theythoughtithadabadinfluenceonpeopleandkeptthemfromgoingtochurch.QueenElizabeth,ontheotherhand,lovedactingandhelpedthetheatrebecomepopular.ThetheatreinShakespeare'stimewasfulloflife.Peopledidnotsitallthetimeanditwasnotquietduringtheperformance.Theaudiencecouldwalkaround,eatanddrinkduringtheplay.Theaterswereopenarenasorplayhousesthathadroomforuptothreethousandpeople.Therewasalmostnoscenerybecausethedialoguewasthemostimportantpartoftheplay.Colourfulandwell-designedcostumeswereveryimportantandtoldthepeopleaboutthestatusofacharacter.Womenneverperformedinplays,80youngboysplayedfemalecharacters.Theperformancestookplaceintheafternoonbecauseitwastoodarkatnight.Therewasnostagecrewasthereistoday.Actorshadtodoeverythingthemselves-frommakingcostumestosettingthestage.Playswereorganizedbyactingcompanies.Theyperformedabout6differentplayseachweekbecausetheyneededmoneytosurvive.Theyhadalmostnotimetorehearse（排練）.ThecompaniesinShakespeare'stimehadaranksystem.Thecompanybelongedtoshareholdersandmanagers.Theywereresponsibleforeverythingandgotmostofthemoneywhenthecompanywassuccessful.Sometimestheyevenownedtheirownbuildings.Actorsworkedforthemanagersandaftersometimebecameapermanentmemberofthecompany.Apprentices（學(xué)徒）wereyoungboysandwereallowedtoactinunimportantrole.Theyalsoplayedfemalecharactersinplays.KWhywasthetheatrebannedbytheauthorities?Itwasmuchdifferentthanbefore.Theythoughtitaflectedpeoplenegatively.Theythoughtitkeptpeoplegoingtochurch.Thequeendidn'tlikeit.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arenas"inParagraph4mean?A.Stages. B.Stores.C.Companies. D.Playgrounds.3、Whatdoweknowaboutthenactors?Theycoulddrinkduringtheplay.Womenhadtocross-dressmalecharacters.Theyhadstagecrewtohelpthem.Theyweretoobusytopractice.4、Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A,TorememberShakespeare.ToshowhisloveofShakespeare^plays.TointroducetheatersinShakespeare,stime.Todiscussthecompany'sranksystem.24.（8分）Ifyou'reeverreadingabookorwatchingamovieandgettheclearfeelingthatyou'vecomeacrossthestorybefore_orevenbetter,canpredictexactlywhat*sgoingtohappennext—therecouldbeagoodreasonforthat.ResearchersfromtheComputationalStoryLaboratoryattheUniversityofVermontstudiedthecompletetextofsome1,737fictionworksavailableonProjectGutenberg,anonlinecollectionofmorethan50,000digitalbooksinthepublicarea.TheydiscoveredthatEnglishliteratureconsistofjustsixkindsofemotionalarcs（情感弧線）thatmakeupnearlyallofthemostwell-knownstories.Byanalyzingthesentiment(情感)oflanguageusedinthesetexts,theresearcherswereabletoshowtheemotionalupsanddownsforthestoriesasawhole.Theydiscoveredthatnegativewordslike“poverty"，"dead"，and“punishment“draggedtheemotiondown,whilepositivetermslike“l(fā)ove”，“peace",and"friend”broughtitup.Accordingtotheresearchers,thosesixcoreemotionalarcsare："Ragstoriches”(Anongoingemotionalrise)"Tragedy,orrichestorags"(Anongoingemotionalfall)"Maninahole"(Afallfollowedbyarise)"Icarus”(Arisefollowedbyafall)uCinderella^^(Rise-fail-rise)fcfcOedipusM(Fall-rise-fall)Interestingly,basedondownloadstatisticsfromProjectGutenberg,theresearcherssaythemostpopularstoriesareonesthatusemorecomplexemotionalarcs,withtheCinderellaandOedipusarcsregisteringthemostdownloads.Alsopopularareworksthatcombinethesecorearcstogetherinnewwayswithinonestory,suchastwo“Maninahole”arcsstucktogether,orthe"Cinderella”arccoupledwithatragicending.1、Readersoftenfeelfamiliarwhenreadinganewstorybecausestorieshavesimilar.beginnings B.endingsC.characters D.emotionalarcs2、Howdidresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byconductingsurveysamongreaders.Byreadingbooksborrowedfromlibraries.Byanalyzingworksfromanonlinecollection.Byinterviewingauthorsofthewell-knownstories.3、Whichsetofwordsmaydragemotiondown?A.Hope,fortuneandriches. B.Disease,murderandwar.C.Smile,healthandbeauty. D.Cold,earthquakeandspring.4、Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichkindofworksarethemostpopularamongreaders?Workswithanongoingemotionalrise.Workswithanongoingemotionalfall.Workswitharisefollowedbyafall.D.Workswithmorethanoneriseandfall.25.（10分）Theyear2114willbeaneventfuloneforart.InMayofthatyearinBerlin,thephilosopher-artistJonathonKeats9"centurycameras”-cameraswitha100-year-longexposure（曝光）time-willbebroughtbackfromhidingplacesaroundthecitytohavetheirresultsdevelopedandexhibited.Sixmonthsafterthat,theFutureLibraryinOslo,Norway,willopenitsdoorsforthefirsttime,presenting100booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedinthedistantpastof2014.AsKatiePaterson,thecreatoroftheFutureLibrary,putsit:"FutureLibraryisanarhvorkforfuturegenerations."Theseprojects,morethanacenturyinthemaking,arepartofanewwaveofWslowart“intendedtopushviewersandparticipantstothinkbeyondtheirownlifetimes.Theyaimtochallengetoday'sshort-termthinkingandthebriefattentionspansofmodernconsumers,forcingpeopleintoconsideringworksmoredeliberately.Intheirway,too,theyarefightingagainstmodernculture-notjustregardingmoney,butalsothewayinwhichartisticworthismeasuredbyattention.Inasimilarfashion,everyAprilonSlowArtDay,visitorsareencouragedtostareatfiveworksofartfor10minutesatatime-atoughtaskfortheaveragemuseumvisitor,whotypicallyspendslessthan30secondsoneachpieceofart.LiketheFutureLibrary,thecenturycamerasareverymuchaprojectforcities,sinceifsincitiesthattimerunsfastestandthepaceoflifeisfastest.46SinceIstartedlivinginacity,I'vesomehowbeenquitedisconnected,MAnneBeateHovind,theFutureLibraryprojectmanager,whodescribedhowworkingonthelibrarydrewherbacktothepaceoflifesheknewwhenshewasgrowinguponafarminheryouth,toldTheAtlanticmagazine.1、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwillNOThappenin2114?Acamerawhichwasproduced100yearsagowillbeexhibited.TheFutureLibrarywillbeopentothepublicforthefirsttime.Photoswitha100-yearexposuretimewillbedevelopedandexhibited.Booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedin2014willbedisplayed.2、Whatcanwelearnabouttoday'speople'sattitudetowardworksofart?Theyconsiderworksdeliberately.Theyspendlittletimeonworks.Theyspendmuchmoneyonworks.Theystareatworksfor10minutesatatime.3、Whatisthepurposeofthewaveofslowart?Toadvocatecreatingworksofartslowly.Toprotectworksofartfrombeingdamaged.Topromoteworksofartformodernculture.Toencouragepeopletoconsiderworksmoredeliberately.4、HowwouldAnneBeateHovindfeelaboutthecitylife?It9sdiscouraging.Ifsawful.Ifsdeveloped.Ifsbusy.第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.（30分）It'safamilytraditiontogotodinneratmygrandmother^houseforal）majorholidays.Afterthemeal，theyoungestchildrengotothebasementtoplaygames,]theremainderofmyfamilywithdrawtothelivingroom.Forseveralyears,I'dremainatthe2 dinnertable?readingwhateverbookhadcaughtmyinterest.I'llneverforgetthedaywhenthisall3 ,Myauntcameintothedinningroomandsaid,“ 4thatbookandtalktomebeforeIhityouwiththisfork!^^rdbeencontenttoremaintheattentivelistener> 5nothing,buthearingeverything.Thencamethe6thatIwasantisocialytowhichI7withasilentsmile.TherewasatimewhenIfoolishlybelievedmyfamilywouldacceptmypreference；8 ,theyseemtobelievethattheyshouldencouragemeto9 .Inmyopinion.I'mtheonlyonethathasadaptedwelltothefamilial（熟悉的）talkativeness.Whatwouldbethe10ofallthesevoicesifthereweren'tsomeonetoshutupand11 ?My12isn'ttheonlythingmyfamilyfindspuzzling.Iwouldscream“No!”at2a.m.13acharacterwashorrificallykilled.IbecomeactiveatnightinsummersoIcanlistentomusicyread,andwritewithoutthe14ofmybrothersandsisters?whoseemtothinkifIwanttobe15theyshouldcomenearmeandmakeasmuch16aspossible.Myfamilydoesn'tcompletely17allofmyactions.They'rewellawareofwhatmakesme18isreadingwhilesittinginoneoftheblackcomfortablechairs.Pve19thatreadingabookofanygreatlengthwouldmakeitextremely20formyparentstogetmefromthechair.Fortunatelytheyhavelearnedtoacceptmyactions.1、A.ifB.whileC.untilD.thoughA.highB.smallC.emptyD.dustyA.improvedB.happenedC.failedD.changed4、A.BurnB.FinishC.ShutD.Hide5、A.acceptingB.followingC.mixingD.saying6、A.commentB.planC.secretD.evidence7、A.celebratedB.respondedC.linkedD.supplied8、A.howeverB.thereforeC.meanwhileD.besides9、A.learnB.paintC.practiceD.speak10、A.harmB.causeC.pointD.beauty11、A.agreeB.watchc.workD.listen12、A.painB.dreamC.silenceD.curiosity13、A.unlessB.because1C.orD.but14、A.presenceB.criticismC.ideaD.help15、A.carefulB.alonec.kindD.independent16>A.noiseB.gressD.room17、A.missB.forgetc.avoidD.misunderstand18、A.surprisedB.puzzledC.delightedD.frightened19、A.imaginedB.realizedC.reportedD.guessedA.difficultB.funnyC.dangerousD.easy第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（15分）HasJackieChanretired?Surprise!Hereleasedanewfilm.Arepeatofhisactionfilmin1. 1970s,PoliceStory2013isabouta（devote）policemannamedZhongWen（Jackie）,workssohardthathedoesn'thavetimeforhisfamily.AsZhongWenisoccupied4.hisjob,hisdaughterMiaomiao（playedbyJingTian）becomesrebellious（叛逆的）andgetsintoarelationshipwiththebarownerWuJiang（playedbyLiuYe）.MiaomiaoasksZhongtomeetheratherboyfriend'sbar,not5^_（know）thatshe'sbeingusedbyWuJiangtogettoherfather.WuJiangthenkeepsthebar'scustomersashostages（人質(zhì)）andasksforthefreedomofFu,a6,（crime）capturedbyZhongyearsago.JackieChansaidthat7.（physical）,hehadahardtimewiththefilmbecausehedidthefightsceneswithrealmixedmartialartsfighters.uThefightswerewithgenuineMMA（mixedmartialarts）boxers,notstunt（替身）men,“JackieChanrevealed（透露）.“So,8.didn'tknowhowtocontroltheirstrengthwhenwe9.（film）thefightsequences（片段）?Thosewererock-hardandsolidkicks.”PoliceStory2013,10.（bring）byMegavisionInc,willbeonatthecinemaonJanuary22.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）（10分）請修改下面這篇短文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除和修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（八），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改僅限一詞；2,只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。StephenHawking,thebrilliantfigureinthemodernhistoryofphysics,passedawayonMarch14、Heisfamousforhisworkonblackholesorrelativity>Althoughhewasnotabletospeakorwrite,buthepublishedmanybest-sellersonscience,includedABriefHistoryofTime>Weadmirehimnotonlyforthathedid