人教版(2019)新教材高中英語必修第一冊(cè)第三單元詞匯學(xué)案

人教版(2019)新教材高中英語必修第一冊(cè)第三單元詞匯學(xué)案UNITTHREE1.fitness[?f?tn?s]:n.健康;健壯;適合fit:adj.健康的;健壯的;適合的fit：v.(大小)適合;合身(衣物等作主語)suit:v.(顏色、款式)適合;對(duì)…方便(衣物/時(shí)間/交通工具等作主語)1)Pleasewriteacompositionabouthealthandfitness.2)Willthe11:30train/November29suityou?2.soccer[?s?k?(r)]:n.(英式)足球football:(英式)足球;(美式)橄欖球playsoccer/football:踢足球/打橄欖球Wouldyouliketogotothesoccergame/match?3.stadium[?ste?di?m]:n.體育場(chǎng);運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)(pl.stadiumsorstadia[?ste?di?])museum:n.博物館TherewillbeasoccergameatWuhanStadium.4.boxing[?b?ks??]:n.拳擊(運(yùn)動(dòng))Doyouwanttowatchtheboxingmatch?5.badminton[?b?dm?nt?n]:n.羽毛球運(yùn)動(dòng)playbadminton:打羽毛球1)Howaboutwatchingbadmintonthisafternoon?2)TherewillbeabadmintonmatchattheNo.8HighSchoolonOctober16th.6.marathon[?m?r?θ?n]:n.馬拉松賽跑;馬拉松(42.195公里/26英里)full/halfmarathon:全程/半程馬拉松(半程：21.0975公里/13.1英里)runa/themarathon:跑馬拉松1)Whynotrunanexcitingmarathon?2)FiveAfricansarerunningthemarathon.7.event[??vent]:n.比賽項(xiàng)目;大事;公開活動(dòng)1)Didyouhearthatthereisane-sports(電競(jìng))eventthisweekend?2)The1,500metresisthefourtheventofthisafternoon.3)Ifthepresidentgoestothetheatre,ealong:跟隨;到達(dá);進(jìn)步;趕快1)Wouldyouliketocomealong?2)Whentheenemycomealong,Iwillfireonthem.3)YourEnglishhascomealongalotrecently.9.ski[ski:]:adj.滑雪的v.滑雪goskiing/skating:去滑雪/滑冰1)EveryonelaughedatKatewhenshewaslearningtoski.Shekeptfallingdown.2)Thestudentsoftengoskiingduringwintervacation.3)Therearemanyskiareasinthatcountry.10.host[h??st]:v.主辦;主持n.(男)主人;(男)東道主;(男)主持人hostess[?h??st?s]:n.(女)主人;(女)東道主;(女)主持人1)Zhangjiakou,abeautifulcityinnorthernChina,willhosttheYouthSkiRaceinDecember.2)Beijingwashostofthe2008OlympicGames.3)Iamhostoftheradio/TVprogramme.11.track[tr?k]:n.跑道;足跡;鐵路軌道atrackmeet:田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)trackandfield:田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)(running,jumping,throwing)1)IamgoingtoGermanyforatrackmeet.2)Wewilltakepartinthetrackandfieldeventstomorrowmorning.12.gym[d??m]:n.健身房;體育館1)Theschoolhasrecentlybuiltanewgym.2)Iworkoutatthegymeveryday.13.gymnastics[d??m?n?st?ks]:n.體操(訓(xùn)練)Sheenjoysgymnastics,swimmingandsinging.14.workout:鍛煉;計(jì)算出;解決;結(jié)果;制定出workon...:演算;致力于;從事solve/settle:解決1)Pleasecomeandworkoutatthegym.2)Haveyouworkedoutthemathproblem?3)Shefounditdifficulttoworkouttheproblem.15.sweat[swet]:n.汗水;出汗v.使出汗;出汗弄濕;出汗;流汗sweet[swi:t]:adj.甜的;香的n.糖果sweatheavily:汗流浹背1)Shewipedthesweatfromherface.2)Haveyoubeensweatingasmuchasyouusuallydo?3)IfIgetnervous,myhandswillsweat.16.makeit:獲得成功;準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)makeitto+地方:(準(zhǔn)時(shí))到達(dá)某地1)Sweatyourwaytogoodhealth!Youcanmakeit.(流汗是健康之道！)2)I?made?it?to?the?top?of?the?mountain?in?the?end.17.legend[?led??nd]:n.傳奇故事/人物;傳說alivinglegend:活傳奇;奇才1)LangPingisalivinglegend.2)Hedidn’tthinkmuchofthatlegend.3)I’mreadingthelegendofthehero.18.athlete[??θli:t]:n.運(yùn)動(dòng)員;運(yùn)動(dòng)健兒player:n.運(yùn)動(dòng)員runner:n.運(yùn)動(dòng)員1)Agoodathleteshouldhaveskill,strengthandspeed.2)Heisthegreatestathletethiscountryhaseverproduced.19.master[?mɑ:st?(r)]:n.高手;主人v.精通;掌握1)SheisamasteroftheEnglishlanguage.2)Iwanttotravelallovertheworld,soIneedtomasterEnglishfirst.20.setanexample(to/for...):為...樹立榜樣setagoodexample(to/for...):為...樹立好榜樣1)Theymustbeathleteswhoaremastersintheirsportsandalsosetgoodexamplesforothers.2)Adultsshouldsetanexamplefortheirchildren.3)Shearrivesattheofficeearlytosetanexampletotheothers.21.honour['?n?(r)]:n.榮譽(yù);尊重;榮幸Itisanhonour/honortodo...:做什么是榮幸anhonest(student):一個(gè)誠實(shí)的(學(xué)生)anhour:一小時(shí)1)Itwasagreathonourtobeinvitedheretoday.2)ZhongNanshanwonthehighesthonourinChinalastyear.22.glory[?gl?:ri]:n.榮譽(yù);光榮;贊美glorious:adj.光榮的;榮耀的1)Asaplayer,LangPingbroughthonourandglorytohercountry.2)Idoalltheworkandshegetsalltheglory.3)Glorybelongstoalltheworkingpeople.23.medal[?medl]:n.獎(jiǎng)?wù)?勛章theMedaloftheRepublic:共和國勛章modern:adj.現(xiàn)代的;新式的;現(xiàn)代化的;最新的model:n.模型;樣式;模特兒metal:n.金屬mental:adj.精神的;智力的TheathletehaswonfivegoldmedalsintheOlympicGames.24.championship[?t??mpi?n??p]:n.錦標(biāo)賽;冠軍賽;冠軍稱號(hào)winthe(world/Olympic)championship:獲得(世界/奧運(yùn))冠軍winseveralchampionships:獲得幾個(gè)冠軍1)Asacoach,sheledtheChinawomen’svolleyballteamtomedalsatworldchampionshipsandtheOlympics.2)LangPingwonseveralchampionshipsbeforeshebecameacoach,right?3)Shehasheldthechampionshipforthepastthreeyears.25.champion[?t??mpi?n]:n.冠軍;優(yōu)勝者atennis/boxingchampion:網(wǎng)球/拳擊冠軍1)IamOlympicchampion,butIstillhavetoworkhardforaliving.2)Twoweekslater,theywereworldchampions.26.determination[d??t?:m??ne??n]:n.決心;決定determine：v.決定;確定determined:adj.堅(jiān)決/堅(jiān)定的bedeterminedtodo…:決心做…determine/decidetodo…:決定做…1)WhentheChineseteamwaspreparingforthe2015WorldCup,herdeterminationwastested.2)HeshowedgreatdeterminationtowintheOlympicchampionship.3)Herdeterminationhelpedherovercomeallthedifficulties.27.apart[??pɑ:t]:adv.分離;分開;成碎片fallapart:散開;崩潰;破碎;散架1)TheteamthatLangPinghadbuiltwasfallingapart.2)Theirmarriagefinallyfellapart.28.injure[??nd??(r)]:v.使受傷;損害1)Heinjuredhisleftarminacaraccident.2)Threepeoplewereinjuredinthecrash.29.injured[??nd??d]:adj.受傷的;有傷的theinjured:受傷的人Theinjuredfarmershavebeentakentothenearesthospital.30.injury[??nd??ri]:n.傷害;損傷1)Ihavebeensadsincetheinjuryhappened.2)SheovercameinjurytowintheOlympicgoldmedal.3)Oneplayerisoutoftheteambecauseofthebackinjury.31.captain[?k?pt?n]:n.(運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì))隊(duì)長(zhǎng);船長(zhǎng);機(jī)長(zhǎng)1)Oneofthebestplayershadbeeninjured,andtheteamcaptainhadtoleavebecauseofheartproblems.2)Heiscaptainoftheschoolfootballteam.3)Thecaptainrequeststhatallpassengersreturntotheirseats.32.loseheart:喪失信心;泄氣losehope:失望1)Losingtwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge,butLangPingdidnotloseheart.2)I’llneverloseheartevenifIshouldfailonehundredtimes.33.graceful[?ɡre?sfl]:adj.優(yōu)美的;優(yōu)雅的grace:n.優(yōu)美;優(yōu)雅;高雅1)Theplayerwhobecameknownas“AirJordan”changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.2)Thegirlinwhitelooksmoregracefulthanherclassmate.3)Everymovementshemakesisverygraceful.34.strength[stre?θ]:n.力量;體力strong:adj.強(qiáng)壯的;強(qiáng)健的strengthen:v.加強(qiáng);增強(qiáng);鞏固power:n.力量;體力1)Jordan’sskillswereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.2)Atonetime,walkingacrosstheroomtookallherstrength.3)Knowledgeispower.35.failure[?fe?lj?(r)]:n.失敗;失敗的人/事物fail:v.失敗;未能做...;不及格failtodo...:未能做什么failmaths：數(shù)學(xué)不及格fail(in)theexam/test:考試不及格endinfailure:以失敗告終1)Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearningfromhisfailures.2)Thesuccessorfailureoftheplandependsonyou.3)Thewholethingwasacompletefailure.4)Heisafailureasateacher.succeed:v.成功success:n.成功;成功的人/事物successful:adj.成功的successfully:adv.成功地besuccessfulin...:在...方面成功succeedinsth...:在...方面成功succeedindoing...:成功做什么36.giveup:放棄;投降giveupdoing...:放棄做什么givein:屈服;讓步1)Losinggamestaughthimtopractiseharderandnevergiveup.2)Theenemiesgaveupwithoutafight.3)Shedidn’tgiveupworkwhenshehadthebaby.4)Tpete[k?m?pi:t]:vi.競(jìng)爭(zhēng);對(duì)抗competewith...:與…競(jìng)爭(zhēng)competeagainst...:與…對(duì)抗competefor...:為…而競(jìng)爭(zhēng)complete:v.完成1)Inordertocompetewiththebestteam,weshouldtryourbesttoprepare.2)Anathleteshouldthinkabouthonourandhis/herfansifhe/sheiscompetingforhis/hercountry.38.makesense:有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚;講得通makenosense:講不通;無意義1)Thatdoesn’tmakeanysense.2)Mother’sadvicealwaysmadesense.3)Thesentencemakesnosense.39.pretend[pr??tend]:v.假裝;裝扮40.pretendtodo...:假裝做某事1)Sometimestheboypretendedtosleepinbed.2)Don’tbesurprisedifIpretendnottorecogniseyou.3)Shepretended(toherfamily)thateverythingwasOK.41.evenif/though:即使;雖然;縱然asif/though:好像;仿佛1)Asoccerplayershouldn’tpretendtofalldownevenifithelpshis/herteam.2)Eveniftheweatherisbad,westillhavealottodo.3)Hlion[?m?lj?n]:一百萬hundred:百thousand:千billion:十億trillion:萬億;兆dozen:打;十二score:二十sixmilliondoctors:六百萬醫(yī)生millionsofdoctors:數(shù)百萬醫(yī)生Itiswrongtopaypeoplemillionsofyuantoplaysports.43.cheat[t?i:t]:v.作弊;舞弊;欺騙;蒙騙n.欺騙手段;騙子cheater:n.騙子;欺詐者;背叛者cheatin/on/attheexam/test:考試作弊1)Bob,wearegoodfriends.Youshouldn’tcheatme.2)Ifyoucheatinatest,youarereallyonlycheatingyourself.44.audience[???di?ns]:n.觀眾;聽眾1)Iseewhatyoumean,buttheaudiencewantsfairplay.(比賽/競(jìng)爭(zhēng))2)Theaudiencewas/werewaitingforthecurtaintorise.3)Theaudiencethrewflowersontothestage.45.positive[?p?z?t?v]:adj.積極的;正面的;樂觀的;肯定的;陽性的beactivein...:在...方面積極negative:adj.消極的;負(fù)面的;否定的;陰性的testpositive/negative:檢測(cè)呈陽性/陰性1)Ifyouoftenpraiseher,shewillgopositive.2)PresidentDonaldJ.TrumpandFirstLadyMelaniaTrumphavetestedpositiveforCovid-19.46.slim[sl?m]:adj.苗條的;單薄的slim--slimmer--slimmestIalwayswantedtolookliketheslimgirlsonTVeventhoughIknewthatitwasimpossible.47.diet[?da??t]:v.節(jié)食n.規(guī)定飲食;日常飲食go/beonadiet:節(jié)食food:n.食物1)IworriedaboutmyweightandtriedeverynewdietIreadaboutonline.2)Tokeepfit,weshouldhaveahealthyandbalanceddiet.48.makeadifference:有作用/影響/作為/關(guān)系;有所不同;與眾不同makea/some/nodifference(to...):對(duì)...有/無作用(影響/關(guān)系)makeallthedifference(to...):關(guān)系重大;大不相同1)Ihavenoideaalettercouldmakesuchadifference.2)Yourwordswillmakeadifferencetotheparentswholosttheirchildren.49.rather[?rɑ:e?(r)]:adv.相當(dāng);有點(diǎn)兒aratherdifficultquestion=rather/quiteadifficultquestion1)Shefellandhurtherlegratherbadly.2)Ididn’tfailtheexam;infactIdidratherwell!50.ratherthan...:而不是;不愿ratherthando…:不愿做…otherthan:除了orrather:或者更確切地說1)OnceIstartedthinkingaboutfitnessratherthanweight,thingsbegantochange.2)Mydaughterisadoctorratherthananurse.3)Ratherthangotherebyair,Iwouldtaketheslowesttrain.51.push-up['p???p]:n.(US)俯臥撐press-up:n.(UK)俯臥撐do78push-ups:做78個(gè)俯臥撐Iwanttobeabletodo30push-ups.52.cut...out:停止做/使用/食用;剪下cutoff:切斷;中斷;切掉cutup:切碎cutdown:砍倒;殺死1)RatherthancuttingoutthefoodsIenjoyed,Iaddedhealthy