人教版（2019）選擇性必修一Unit 1 People of Achievement Build up Vocabularies課件

Unit1PeopleofAchievementBuildupVocabulariesParttwoBuildupVocabulariesBeforelearning,pleasereview:crucial vitalcommit commiteddistinct extractobtain acknowledgedefeat analysePartTwo

circumstance/?s??k?mst?ns/[countable，usuallyplural]theconditionsthataffectasituation,action,eventetc條件；環(huán)境；狀況in/under...circumstances在……情況下Therulescanonlybewaivedinexceptionalcircumstances.該規(guī)定僅在特殊條件下方可失效。Prisonerscanonlyleavetheircellsundercertaincircumstances.在押犯只能在特定時(shí)間離開自己的牢房。in/undernocircumstances決不；如論如何不UndernocircumstancesshouldyoulendPaulmoney.什么情況下都不要把錢借給保羅。1.circumstances指影響某事的周邊環(huán)境(Thecircumstancesthataffectaneventarethefactssurroundingit.)Thebankwillinvestigatethecircumstancessurroundingtherobbery.conditions通常指影響某事的物質(zhì)環(huán)境，如天氣(Theconditionsthataffectitareusuallyphysicalones,suchasweather.)Theplantsgrowbestincool,dampconditions.2.circumstances指人的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況(sb’sfinancialsituation)family/domestic/personalcircumstancesconditions指人的食宿狀況(thequalityandamountoffoodandshelterpeoplehave)living/housing/workingconditions辨析：circumstance和conditionflow/fl??/noun.

Itiedatowelroundhislegtotrytostemtheflowofblood.我把一條毛巾緊系在他腿上，試著阻止大量出血。Ifthewindowsareshut,aircannotflowfreelythroughthebuilding.如果關(guān)閉窗戶，空氣便不能在建筑內(nèi)自由流動(dòng)。theflowoffundsfromtheUStoEurope從美國(guó)向歐洲流動(dòng)的資金Thenumberofrefugeesflowingintotheareaisstillincreasing.涌入這一地區(qū)的難民數(shù)量仍在增長(zhǎng)。anewroadsystemtoimprovetrafficflowthroughthecitycentre市中心改善交通擁堵的一套新路政系統(tǒng)Thenewone-waysystemshouldhelpthetraffictoflowbetter.新的單向公路系統(tǒng)應(yīng)該能幫助交通出行更順暢。Ididn’twanttointerruptherflow,soIsaidnothing.我不想打斷她的思路，所以什么都沒說。Everyonewasrelaxedandtheconversationflowedfreely.大家身心放松，交談自由愉快。Wewatchedthetideebbandflow.我們看著潮水起起落落。theebbandflowofthetide漲潮和退潮3.traffic【謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)】thesteadymovementoftraffic交通流量4.speech/writing

【不可數(shù)】thecontinuousstreamofwordsorideaswhensomeoneisspeaking,writing,orthinkingaboutsomething言語，文字，思緒5.ofthesea

【單數(shù)】

theregularmovementoftheseatowardstheland漲潮注意黃色箭頭出發(fā)和指向的兩個(gè)例句,“flow”這個(gè)單詞是怎么樣使用的？沒錯(cuò)!“flow”的這些名詞含義實(shí)際上是從動(dòng)詞含義引申過來的！再次讀這些句子，熟悉它的搭配。1.liquid/gas/electricity

【謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)】asmoothsteadymovementofliquid,gas,orelectricitys流動(dòng)2.goods/people/information【謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)】themovementofgoods,people,orinformationfromoneplacetoanother（客運(yùn)，貨物，信息）流量

consequence

/?k?ns?kw?ns//?kɑ?ns?-kwens/

RESULT

[可數(shù)名詞]somethingthathappensasaresultofaparticularactionorsetofconditions結(jié)果，后果+ofManybelievethatpovertyisadirectconsequenceofoverpopulation.許多人相信，貧困現(xiàn)象是人口爆炸的直接后果。+for

Ourfindingshavefar-reachingconsequencesforresearchers.我們的發(fā)現(xiàn)給研究人員帶來深遠(yuǎn)的影響。with...consequencesHeatesomepoisonousmushrooms,with

fatalconsequences.他吃了一些毒蘑菇，結(jié)果是致命的。beaconsequenceofsomethingLowenergymaybeaconsequenceofsleepingbadly.無精打采可能是低質(zhì)量睡眠導(dǎo)致的。haveconsequencesTakingfinancialriskscanhaveseriousconsequences.在金融領(lǐng)域冒險(xiǎn)將會(huì)造成嚴(yán)峻局面。accept/taketheconsequences(=understandanddealwiththem)I’mpreparedtoaccepttheconsequencesofmydecision.我已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好為自己的決定承擔(dān)后果了。face/suffertheconsequencesHebrokethelaw,andhewillhavetofacetheconsequences.他犯了法，將不得不面對(duì)制裁。consequencesfollow(=happen)Oncethedecisionhasbeenmade,consequencesfollow.決定一經(jīng)做出，便會(huì)產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的結(jié)果。considertheconsequencesShejumpedintotheriverwithoutconsideringtheconsequences.她不顧后果地跳下了河。encounter/?n?ka?nt?/1.

vt.toexperiencesomething,especiallyproblemsoropposition遇到，遭遇[尤指問題或反對(duì)]encounterproblems/difficulties

Theyencounteredseriousproblemswhentwomembersoftheexpeditionwereinjured.遠(yuǎn)征隊(duì)遇到了嚴(yán)重的問題，兩名隊(duì)員嚴(yán)重受傷。encounteropposition/resistance

Thegovernmenthasencounteredstrongoppositiontoitsplanstoraiseincometax.政府欲提高所得稅的方案遭到了強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。日?？谡Z里很少用encounter表達(dá)“遇到，遭遇問題、困難、反對(duì)、阻擋”的意思，而是會(huì)用下面這兩種形式：comeacrossproblems/difficultiescomeupagainstopposition/resistance2.

【正式】formaltomeetsomeonewithoutplanningto偶遇某人c【詞性轉(zhuǎn)化—名詞】anoccasionwhenyoumeetorexperiencesomething遭遇，經(jīng)歷【詞性轉(zhuǎn)化—名詞】

anoccasionwhenyoumeetsomeone,ordosomethingwithsomeoneyoudonotknow相遇，邂逅IfirstencounteredhimwhenstudyingatCambridge.我第一次遇到他是在劍橋讀書時(shí)。+withHerfirstencounterwithWilsonwasbackin1989.她和威爾遜的初次邂逅是在1989年。

infer/?n?f??/toformanopinionthatsthisprobablytruebecauseofinformationthatyouhave推斷，推測(cè)infersomethingfromsomethingAlotcanbeinferredfromthesestatistics.從統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)中可以推測(cè)出大量信息。inferthatFromtheevidence,wecaninferthatthevictimknewherkiller.通過這些跡象，我們可以推斷出，受害者是認(rèn)識(shí)兇手的。available/??ve?l?b?l/+toNotenoughdataisavailabletoscientists.

科學(xué)家沒有足夠資料。+forNofiguresareavailableforthenumberofgoodssold.已銷售貨物的數(shù)據(jù)無法獲知。+inThereareplentyofjobsavailableinthearea.

這一區(qū)域有大量富余崗位。availabletodosth

Fundsareavailabletoassistteacherswhowanttoattendtheconference.教師們的參會(huì)補(bǔ)助專項(xiàng)資金已經(jīng)到位。readily/widelyavailable(=veryeasytoobtain)

Parkingisreadilyavailablenearthestationentrance.在車站入口處非常容易找到停車位。1.sththatisavailableisabletobeusedorcaneasilybeboughtorfound可用的；可獲得的（使用廣泛，具體需要靈活翻譯）2.【僅表語】sb.whoisavailableisnotbusyandhasenoughtimetotalktoyou(某人)有空的3.sb.whoisavailabledoesnothaveawife,boyfriendetc未婚的；沒有談戀愛的辨析available

ifsomethingisavailable,youcanbuyit,getit,oruseitfree

ifaseatorroomisfree,itisnotbeingusedbyanyonevacant

ifahouseorroomisvacant,itisavailableforsomeonetouseorrentspare

aspareroom,key,tyreetcisonethatyouhaveinadditiontotheonesthatyounormallyuse,andisthereforeavailabletobeusedempty

anemptyroom,buildingetchasnooneinit根據(jù)左側(cè)五個(gè)單詞的釋義用法，在橫線處翻譯下列句子。

ArethereanyticketsstillavailableforSaturday?ThehotelneverhasanyfreeroomsovertheChristmasperiod.Thesignonthetoiletsaid‘vacant’.Igotthesparetyreoutofthebackofthecar.Thehousewasemptyfortwomonthsbeforeitwassold.周六的余票還有嗎？圣誕節(jié)期間旅館沒有空閑的房間。衛(wèi)生間外掛著“無人使用”的牌子。我從小汽車后備箱取出了備胎。房屋在出售前空置了兩個(gè)月。KEYS:1.property2.device3.substance4.appearances5.collect6.objective7.insist,consequence8.circumstance1.Apparentlythetwoplantshavequitesimilarphysical______.2.ProfessorStephenHawkingusedaspecialvocal______.3.Afterwards,thecompanyfiledapatentforanewchemical______.4.Everyonewasamazedathisgrandfather’syouthful________.5.Theresearchers_______thequestionnairesbackfromthepatients.6.Iwilltrymybestandworkhardtoachievemy____________ofstudyingeconomicsatatopuniversity.7.Ifyou_______ondoingso,you’llhavetosufferthe______!8.Bankshaveacknowledgedthattheyneedtopaymoreattentiontocustomers’financial_______whenevaluatingloan,applications.Fillintheblankswiththerightwords,eachcanbeusedonly

once.EXERCISEcircumstance

objective

collectappearance

insist

consequenceproperty

device

substanceKEYS1.cametopower2.passaway3.sumup4.takesupaposition5.wear

andtear6.bemistakenfor7.Asaconsequence8.makecontributionsto9.manageto10.duetoEXERCISEsumupcometopower takeupaposition

weara