初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)教案

初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)教案TheMainlyRevisionoftheTenses&VoicesinJuniorEnglish(初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí))I.初中英語(yǔ)八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中一個(gè)至關(guān)重要的內(nèi)容，廣大初中學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用時(shí)，往往對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)總是倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復(fù)習(xí)一下這幾種時(shí)態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：always,usually,often,sometimes,seldomeveryweek(day,year,month…)，onceaweek,onSundays(=everySunday),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①主語(yǔ)+be詞；②主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：①把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；②用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does,同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過(guò)去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month???),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動(dòng)詞；②行為動(dòng)詞否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：①was或were放于旬首；②用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now,atthistime,thesedays,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。四、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)教案否定形式：was/were+not+doing.一般疑問(wèn)句：把was或were放于旬首。五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：概念：過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+done否定形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑問(wèn)旬：have或haso六、過(guò)去完成時(shí)：概念：以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過(guò)去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month…),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had+done.否定形式：had+not+done.一般疑問(wèn)旬：had放于旬首。七、一般將來(lái)時(shí)：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…，thedayaftertomorrow,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/goingto+do；②will/shall+do.否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't,同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問(wèn)句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到旬首。八、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：概念：立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻，從過(guò)去看將來(lái)，常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…),etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①was/were/goingto+do;②would/should+do.否定形式：①was/were/not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+do.一般疑問(wèn)句：①was或were放于旬首；②would/should提到旬首。n.幾種常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換英語(yǔ)中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見(jiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)換形工L一、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：①瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間+ago”的一般初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)教案過(guò)去時(shí)的句型中；②瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)，與一段時(shí)間連用；③瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Itis+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從……以來(lái)有……時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用itis來(lái)代替Ithasbeen;④瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Sometimehaspassedsince+一般過(guò)去時(shí)”的句型中。請(qǐng)看：HejoinedtheLeaguetwoyearsago.HehasbeenintheLeaguefortwoyears.ItistwoyearssincehejoinedtheLeague.TwoyearshaspassedsincehejoinedtheLeague.二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)"，如atwork（在工作），atschool（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語(yǔ)可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請(qǐng)看：Peterisatwork,butMikeisatplay.Peterisworking,butMikeisplaying.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來(lái)時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o,come,leave,start,arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)問(wèn)狀語(yǔ)連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Iamcoming,Mum!意為“我就來(lái)，媽媽！”請(qǐng)看：Thetrainisleavingsoon.Thetrainwillleavesoon.四、“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”與“will（shall）+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來(lái)時(shí)“will（shall）+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shallo在口語(yǔ)中，所有人稱都可以用willo請(qǐng)看：WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextSunday.WeshallvisittheGreatWallnextSunday.m.中考動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析一、根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則Hurryup!Theplayfortenminutes.（2002遼寧）A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began［析］1.C。since后接時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)，for后接時(shí)間段，主句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，應(yīng)注意瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的使用。二、在復(fù)合句根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則Doyouknowifbacknextweek?Ifheback,pleaseletmeknow.（2002黑龍江）A.hecomes;willcomeB.willhecome;comesC.hewillcome;comesD.willhecome;willcome［析］2.C。if既可引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)教案詞時(shí)，相當(dāng)于whether,詞義是“是否”。充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞時(shí)，詞義是“如果”。從時(shí)態(tài)看，if引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化；引導(dǎo)表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的條件句時(shí)，若主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，則從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。三、根據(jù)上下文已有時(shí)態(tài)信息點(diǎn)確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則^Whenthiskindofcomputer?--Lastyear.（2002天津）A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used［析］3.Bo此例由下旬的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)推斷出一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，并且要考慮到被動(dòng)四、利用上下文語(yǔ)意確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則-Hi!LinTao.Ididn'tseeyouattheparty.--Oh,Ireadyforthemathsexam.（2002江西）A.amgettingB.wasgettingC.gotD.havegot［析］4.Bo此例由didn't,attheparty推斷出應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。五、時(shí)態(tài)中的“特殊”對(duì)策的原則TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe［析］5.Ao有些動(dòng)詞其動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是“違背常理”的。如賓語(yǔ)從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)或客觀真理時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示。IV.中考實(shí)戰(zhàn)題練兵Fillintheblankswiththerightformsoftheverbtense:MrBrownwillgofishingifit（notrain）tomorrow.（2002徐州市）Ithinkhe（be）backinaweek.（2002南京市）^Who（knock）atthedoor?--Idon'tknow.Letmegoandsee.（2002連云港市）Billisstrictwithhimself.Henever（leave）today'sworkfortomorrow.（2002連云港市）--youruncle（return）thevideotapestoMrFox?--No.They'restillinhisbedroom.（2002南通市）Bytheendoflastterm,they（work）therefortenyears.（2002遼寧）Mr.Wang（read）anewspaperintheofficeatthistimeyesterday.（2002上海市）Mr.Greenandhiswife（live）inLondonforafewyearsbeforethey初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)教案（come）toworkinChinain2001.（2002曲靖市）Theyneverknewwhat（happen）totheworldinahundredyears.（2002南充）About400yearsago,Galileo（伽利略）provedthattheearth（go）aroundthesun.（2002陜西）Completethefollowingsentences:WhenIgottothecinema,（電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了二十分鐘了）.（2001黃崗）（有一場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)）aconcerttomorrowafternoon.（2000甘肅）It'sthreeyearssincehe（入團(tuán)）.（2001寧夏）Pleaseletmeknow（他一回來(lái)）.（2000陜西）I（正要入睡）whentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.（2000新疆）PartBVoicesI.ThePassiveVoice一、Voices:TheActiveandPassiveVoicesActiveVoice主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)PassiveVoiceManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.TheyfoundthedinosaureggsinLiaoning.ThedinosaureggswerefoundinLiaoning.Wemustdosomethingtostopthepollution.Somethingmustbedonetostopthepollution.二、Theformationsofthepassivevoicesofdifferenttenses（A）:式時(shí)諭、一一般進(jìn)行完成現(xiàn)在amisare」A+pp.amisareAbeing+pp.rhashave>been+pp.初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)教案過(guò)去waswere^A+pp.was"wereJ>being+pp.hadbeen+pp.將來(lái)shal「willAbe+pp.過(guò)去將來(lái)should、中e+pp.wouldTheformationsofthepassivevoicesofmodalverbs(B):must/can/may/should+be+pp.:、WhentousethePassiveVoice:.行為主體不明確，不必說(shuō)出或者無(wú)法說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。Footballisplayedallovertheworld..不易找到或根本就找不到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。Mybikewasstolen..漢語(yǔ)含有“據(jù)說(shuō)”、“有人說(shuō)”等時(shí)。ItissaidthatanotherbridgehasbeenbuiltovertheChangjiangRiver..漢語(yǔ)中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。WeiHuaisaskedtocomebyLinTao..漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有“被”、“由”等詞，而在原句中試加這類詞且句意通順時(shí)。Thesesongsareusuallysungbyboys..某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。HewasborninOctober,1988..表示禮貌時(shí)。YouarefriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglishpartyat8:00p.m.tomorrow.(Note:用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，不及物動(dòng)詞不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。)n.中考實(shí)戰(zhàn)題練兵Fillintheblankswiththerightformsoftheverbsgiven:Lastmonth,inthefirstmatchofthe17thWorldCup,France(beat)0-1byanewteam—Senegal.(2002南京市)Howmanyfridges(produce)inChinainthelasttwo

初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)教案years?(2002徐州市)Nodictionaryshould(bring)totheEnglishexam,boysandgirls!(2002連云港市)Thatdayeachofus(give)tendollarsafterwefinishthework.(2002連云港市)They(warn)nottotouchthemachinewhiletheywerevisitingtheworkshop.(2001吉林)MultipleChoice:()1.Idon'tknowtheschool,butit'stobequiteagoodone.toldB.spokenC.talkedD.said()2.Pleasedontstandupinclassuntilyou.(2002泰州市)A.weretoldtoB.aretoldtoC.weretoldD.aretold()3.IfMginO2,weMgO,anditcombinationreactionA.willburn;get;callsB.burns;willget;calledC.willburn;canget;iscallingD.burns;willget;iscalled()4.Pleasetellmewhenonthewall.(2002無(wú)錫市)B.wasthismaphungD.thismapwashungB.wasthismaphungD.thismapwashungatonceassoonashethewillbetakentoD.doesn'treturn.(2002南通市)isdoneD.willdoC.thismaphashung()5.Thedoctorwilloperateonhimhospital.(2002常州市)A.issenttoC.leaves()6.Theywon'tbebackuntiltheworkA.doB.does()7.Themedicinecool,cleananddry.(2001天津市)A.mustkeepB.mustbekeptC.mustbecarriedD.mustbein()8.^Where'retheol