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數(shù)控技術(shù)概述課件1.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL
1.1、FundamentalofNCTechnology1.2、ClassificationsofNCMachines1.3、FeaturesofNumericalControlandItsApplicationAreas.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON2CourseDescription:?NCisoneofthemostimportantachievementsinmechanicalengineeringfieldin20century.?Itisacrossingandintegratingtechnologycomprisingofcomputertechnology,automaticcontroltechnology,informationtechnology,sensetechnology,andmachiningtechnology.?NumericalControlTechnologyhasbecameoneoftheimportanttechnicalbasicclassesofmechanicalengineeringspecialty.CourseDescription:?NCisone3ToshibaeventsToshibaevents4.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC
1946-thefirstcomputerappearedintheworld,whichliftthecurtainonthemankindintoinformationtime.
1948-ParsonsCorporationbroughtforwardusingcomputertocontrolmachinewhentheymachinedthesurfacecontoursofairfoilshape.ParsonsCorporationwasamini-helicoptermanufacturer.Themachiningaccuracyoftheairfoilshapewas±0.0381mm.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON5.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC
UnderthesupportbytheU.SAirForceResponsedbytheServomechanismsLaboratoryattheMIT(MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology).Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON6.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC
Threeyearslater,in1952
MITandParsonsCorporationcooperatedwitheachother,anddevelopedthefirstNCmachinewhichnamedCincinnatiHydrotelmillingmachine.Background,timeandplace.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON7.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCThefirstgeneration,1952~1955vacuumtubes,electricalrelaysandcomplicatedmachinecontrolinterfaces.Thesecondgeneration,1955~1959miniatureelectronictubes,transistors.Thethirdgeneration,1959~1965smallscaleintegratedcircuits..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON8.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCAbovethreegenerations,
theirNCfunctionswereperformedbyhardware(electroniccircuits),sowecallthem“hardwiredNC”(硬線數(shù)控)
1955
1959
1965.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON9.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCThefourthgeneration,1970s(1970~1974)minicomputers.(CNC)Thefifthgeneration,1974-microprocessor.1979(VLIC)(MCNC)1994~PC-NC..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON10.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCAfterthefourthgenerations,
theirNCfunctionswereperformedbysoftware(basedoncomputer),sowecallthem“softwiredNC”or“computernumericalcontrol”(計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控CNC)
1970
1974
1994.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON11.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC1、NC(NumericalControl,數(shù)字控制)
NumericalControl（NC）isaformofprogrammableautomationinwhichthemechanicalactionsofamachinetoolorothermachinesarecontrolledbyaprogramcontainingcodedalphanumericdata..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON12.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC2、NumericalControlTechnology,(數(shù)控技術(shù))
ItmeansthetechnologywhichadoptsNCmethodstocontrolaworkprocesstorealizetheautomation..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON13.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC3、NumericalControlMachineTools,(數(shù)控機(jī)床)
Itis
akindofmachinetools
whichadoptsthenumericalcontroltechnologytorealizetheworkprocessautomation.ItisatypicalexampleofNCapplication..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON14.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC4、NumericalControlSystem,(數(shù)控系統(tǒng))
Itis
theequipmentwhichcanrealizethenumericalcontrol..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON15.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC5、CNC(ComputerNumericalControl,計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控)
Themachinecontrolunitsarebasedoncomputertechnology..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON16.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineTools
Thecontrolsystemofanumericallycontrolledmachinetoolcanhandlemanytaskscommonlydonebytheoperatorofaconventionalmachine.Thesystemhastheabilitytoperformthecontrolfunctionsthroughthenumericalinputinformation,whichisthecontrolprogram,alsocalledthepartprogram..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON17.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsTheworkprocessofNCisshownastherightfigure.PartdrawingPartprogramControlcomputerServo-driveunitMachinetoolPartFirstly,thepartprogrammershouldstudythepartdrawingandtheprocesschart..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON18.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsTheworkprocessofNCisshownintherightfigure.PartdrawingPartprogramControlcomputerServo-driveunitMachinetoolPartThenthepartprogrammershouldpreparethecontrolprogramonastandardforminthespecifiedformat.Itcontainsallthenecessarycontrolinformation.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON19.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsTheworkprocessofNCisshownintherightfigure.PartdrawingPartprogramControlcomputerServo-driveunitMachinetoolPartNextthepartprogramistransferredintothecontrolcomputer(MDI).thecomputerconvertseachcommandintothesignalthattheservo-driveunitneeds.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON20.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsTheworkprocessofNCisshownintherightfigure.PartdrawingPartprogramControlcomputerServo-driveunitMachinetoolPartAtlast,theservo-driveunitdrivesthemachinetooltomanufacturethefinishedpart.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON21.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineTools
AtypicalNCmachinetoolhasfivefundamentalunits:(1)theinputmedia;(2)themachinecontrolunit;(3)theservo-driveunit;(4)thefeedbacktransducer;(5)themechanicalmachinetoolunit.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON22.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineTools
Thegeneralrelationshipamongthefivecomponentsisillustratedinthebelow.MachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducer.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON23.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerTheinputmediacontainstheprogramofinstructions,itisthedetailedstep-by-stepcommandsthatdirecttheactionsofthemachinetool;theprogramofinstructionsiscalledapartprogram..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON24.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerTheprogramiscodedonasuitablemediumforsubmissiontothemachinecontrolunit.Thecommonmediuminthepastispunchedtape,magnetictape:.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON25.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerNow,Thecommonmediumisdiskette,electronictransferfromacomputer(RS232C):.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON26.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducer
MCUconsistsofamicrocomputerandrelatedcontrolhardwarethatstorestheprogramofinstructionsandexecutesitbyconvertingeachcommandintomechanicalactionsofmachinetool,onecommandatatime.theMCUincludessystemsoftware,calculationalgorithm,andtransitionsoftwaretocoverttheNCpartsprogramintoausableformatfortheMCU.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON27.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsMachineControlunitInputmediaServo-driveMachinetoolFeedbackTransducerSpindleandfeeddrivemotorsandtheirservo-amplifiersarethecomponentsoftheservo-driveunit.TheMCUprocessesthedataandgeneratesdiscretenumericalpositioncommandsforeachfeeddriveandvelocitycommandforthespindledrive.ThenumericalcommandsareconvertedintosignalvoltagebytheMCUunitandsenttoservo-amplifiers,whichprocessandamplifythemtothehighvoltagelevelsrequiredbythedrivemotors.Thedrivesinmachinetoolsareclassifiedasspindleandfeeddrivemechanisms..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON28.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2CLASSIFICATIONSOFNCMACHINENumericalcontrolmachinesareclassifiedindifferentway:(1)ThetypesofNCmotioncontrolsystem;(2)Thetypeofservo-drivesystem;(3)ApplicationofNC.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON29.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.1TypesofNCMotionControlSystemMotioncontrolsystemsforNCcanbedividedintotwotypes:(1)Point-to-pointcontrolsystem(點(diǎn)位控制系統(tǒng));(2)Continuous(Contouring)pathcontrolsystem;（連續(xù)控制或輪廓控制系統(tǒng)）.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON30.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.1TypesofNCMotionControlSystemPoint-to-pointcontrolsystemPoint–topoint(positioning)controlinNCItisalsocalledPositioningcontrolsystem,Whichmovestheworktabletoaprogrammedlocationwithoutregardtothepathtakentogettothelocation.Thatistosay,thepathbetweenpointsisoflittleconcernandisnotparticularlycontrolled.Theprogramconsistsofaseriesofpointlocationsatwhichoperationsareperformed.Suchasdrillingorpunchingahole..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON31.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.1TypesofNCMotionControlSystempoint-to-pointcontrolsystemManyNCpoint–to-pointsystemscontainamorecomplexMCU.INtheseservos,positioningcommandsareevaluatedsimultaneouslysothatvectormotionintwoaxesispossible.Themovementsbetweenpointscanbedonealongstraightor450vectorspathsdeterminedbythemachinewaysorslides.Suchsystemsaresometimescalledstraight-cutcontrolsystem.（點(diǎn)位/直線）.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON32.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.1TypesofNCMotionControlSystemContouringControlSystem
Itisalsocalledcontinuouspathcontrolsystem,whichmanagesthesimultaneousmotion(resultantmotion)ofthecuttingtoolintwo,three,four,offiveaxesbyinterpolating(插補(bǔ))theproperpathbetweenprescribedpoints.Itenablesthecuttingtooltogenerateangularsurfaces,two-dimensionalcurves,orthree-dimensionalcontoursintheworkpiece,suchasmillingandturningoperations..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON33.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.1TypesofNCMotionControlSystemInterpolationTocutalongacircularpath,thecirclemustbedividedintoaseriesofstraight-linesegmentsthatapproximatethecircularpath.Thetooliscommandedtomachineeachlinesegmentinsuccessionsothatthemachinedsurfacecloselymatchesthedesiredshape..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON34.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.2TypesofNCServo-DriveSystem
TheprincipalfunctionofNCisthepositioningofthetoolorthemachinetableinaccordancewiththeprogrammeddata.IndustryhasdevelopedthreedifferenttypesofdrivesbasedonhowtheNCsystemaccomplishespositioning.Thesearetheopen-loop（開環(huán)）,theclosed-loop（閉環(huán)）andhalfclosed-loop（半閉環(huán)）drivesystem..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON35.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.2TypesofNCServo-DriveSystemOpen-LoopServo-DriveItisthesimplestandleastcostformofservo-drive.Itischaracterizedasasystemthatlacksfeedback.Thatis,onceaninputcontrolsignalissent,thereisnosensingdevicetoconfirmtheactionofthecontrolsignal.DrivingcircuitSteppingmotorWorktableLeadscrewPulsetrain.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON36.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.2TypesofNCServo-DriveSystemHalf-Closed-LoopServo-DriveItischaracterizedasasystemthattheindirectfeedbackmonitorstheoutputofservomotor.AlthoughthismethodispopularwithNCsystems,itisnotasaccurateasdirectfeedback,Thehalf-closed-loopsystemcomparesthecommandpositionsignalwiththedrivesignaloftheservomotor..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON37.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.2TypesofNCServo-DriveSystemHalf-Closed-LoopServo-DrivePositioncomparecircuitSpeedcontrolcircuitWorktableInstructionSpeedfeedbacksignalPositionfeedbacksignalLeadscrewServomotor.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON38.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.2TypesofNCServo-DriveSystemClosed-LoopServo-DriveItischaracterizedasasystemthatthedirectfeedbackmonitorstheoutputofservomotor.Afeedbacksensordirectlymeasuresthepositionofworktable.Withitsdrivesignaloriginatedbytheworktable,Itisthepreferredsystembecauseitmonitorstheactualpositionoftheworktableonwhichthepartismounted.Itismoreaccurate;however,itsimplementationcostsarehigher..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON39.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.2TypesofNCServo-DriveSystemClosed-LoopServo-DrivePositioncomparecircuitSpeedcontrolcircuitWorktableInstructionSpeedfeedbacksignalPositionfeedbacksignalLeadscrewServomotor.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON40.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCTheapplicationsofCNCaredividedintotwocategories:Machinetoolapplications;non-machinetoolapplications.
Itshouldbenotedthattheapplicationsarenotalwaysidentifiedbythename“numericalcontrol”,thistermisusedprincipallyinthemachinetoolindustry..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON41.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationThemostcommonapplicationsofNCareinmachinetoolcontrol,machiningwasthefirstapplicationofNC.Machiningisamanufacturingprocessinwhichthegeometryofworkisproducedbyremovingexcessmaterial.Bycontrollingtherelativemotionbetweenacuttingtoolandtheworkpiece,thedesiredgeometryiscreated..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON42.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationThecommonNCmachinetoolsarelistedinthefollowingalongwiththeirtypicalfeatures:NClathe(數(shù)控車床)Turningrequirestwo-axiscontinuouspathcontrol,eithertoproduceastraightcylindricalgeometryortocreateaprofile..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON43.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationNCboringmill(數(shù)控鏜銑床)horizontalorverticalspindle.Boringissimilartoturning,exceptthataninternalcylinderiscreatedinsteadofanexternalcylinder.Theoperationrequirescontinuouspath,two-axiscontrol...Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON44.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationNCdrillpress(數(shù)控鉆床)Thesemachinesusepoint-to-pointcontrolofworkheadandtwoaxiscontroloftheworktable.SomeNCdrillpresseshaveturretscontainingsixoreightdrillbits..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON45.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationNCmillingmachine(數(shù)控銑床)Itrequirescontinuouspathcontroltoperformstraightcutorcontouringoperations..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON46.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationNCgrindingmachine(數(shù)控磨床)Itisintendedforfinishingtreatmentofworkparts.Thegrindingmachineincludescylindrical-,surface-,internal-,spindle-,thread-,gear-andtool-grindingmachines..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON47.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationMachinecenter(加工中心)ItisdefinedasmultifunctionNCmachineswithautomatictoolchangerandtoolstorage.Ithastheabilitytoperformdrilling,turning,reaming,boring,milling,contouring,andthreadingoperationsonasinglemachine..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON48.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationMachinecenter(加工中心)Machiningcentersareclassifiedaseitherverticalorhorizontal.Verticalmachiningcenterscontinuetobewidelyacceptedandused,primarilyforflatpartsandwherethree-axismachiningisrequiredonthesurfaceofasinglepartsuchasthemoldandthedie.Horizontalmachiningcentersareparticularlyusedforthelarge,boxy,andheavyparts..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON49.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCMachineToolApplicationMachinecenter(加工中心).Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON50.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCNon-MachineToolApplicationPunchpressesforsheetmetalholepunching(數(shù)控沖床)Thetwo-axisNCoperationissimilartothatofadrillpressexceptthatholesareproducedbypunchingratherthanbydrilling..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON51.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCNon-MachineToolApplicationPressesforsheetmetalbending(數(shù)控折彎?rùn)C(jī))Insteadofcuttingsheetmetal,thesesystemsbendsheetmetalaccordingtoprogrammedcommands..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON52.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCNon-MachineToolApplicationWeldingmachine(數(shù)控焊接機(jī))BothspotweldingandcontinuousarcweldingmachinesareavailablewithautomaticcontrolsbasedonNC..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON53.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCNon-MachineToolApplicationThermalcuttingmachine(數(shù)控?zé)崆懈顧C(jī))Suchasoxyfuelcutting(火焰切割),lasercutting(激光切割),andplasmaarccutting(等離子電弧切割).Thestockisusuallyflat;thustwo-axiscontrolisadequate.Somelasercuttingmachinescancutholesinpreformedsheetmetalstock,requiringfourorfiveaxiscontrol..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON54.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.2.3ApplicationofCNCNon-MachineToolApplicationTubebendingmachine(數(shù)控彎管機(jī))Automatictubebendingmachinesareprogrammedtocontrolthelocationandtheangleofthebend.Importantapplicationsincludeframesofbicyclesandmotorcycles..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON55.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.3FEATURESOFNCANDITSAPPLICATIONAREAS1.3.1AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofNCNChasmanybenefitsandadvantagesovermanualproductionmethods,butNCismoresophisticatedtechnologythanconventionalproductionmethods..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON56.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.3.1AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofNCAdvantagesofNC(1)Greateraccuracyandrepeatability(2)Morecomplexpartgeometriesarepossible(3)Nonproductivetimeisreduced(4)Lowerscraprates(5)Inspectionrequirementsarereduced(6)Engineeringchangescanbeaccommodatedmoregracefully.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON57.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.3.1AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofNCAdvantagesofNC(7)Simplerfixturesareneeded(8)Shortermanufacturingleadtimes(9)Reducedpartsinventory(10)Lessfloorspacerequired(11)Operatorskill-levelrequirementsarereduced.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON58.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.3.1AdvantagesandDisadvantagesofNCDisadvantagesofNC(1)Higherinvestmentcost(2)Highermaintenanceeffort(3)Partprogram(4)HigherutilizationofNCequipment.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON59謝謝各位謝謝各位60數(shù)控技術(shù)概述課件61.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL
1.1、FundamentalofNCTechnology1.2、ClassificationsofNCMachines1.3、FeaturesofNumericalControlandItsApplicationAreas.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON62CourseDescription:?NCisoneofthemostimportantachievementsinmechanicalengineeringfieldin20century.?Itisacrossingandintegratingtechnologycomprisingofcomputertechnology,automaticcontroltechnology,informationtechnology,sensetechnology,andmachiningtechnology.?NumericalControlTechnologyhasbecameoneoftheimportanttechnicalbasicclassesofmechanicalengineeringspecialty.CourseDescription:?NCisone63ToshibaeventsToshibaevents64.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC
1946-thefirstcomputerappearedintheworld,whichliftthecurtainonthemankindintoinformationtime.
1948-ParsonsCorporationbroughtforwardusingcomputertocontrolmachinewhentheymachinedthesurfacecontoursofairfoilshape.ParsonsCorporationwasamini-helicoptermanufacturer.Themachiningaccuracyoftheairfoilshapewas±0.0381mm.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON65.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC
UnderthesupportbytheU.SAirForceResponsedbytheServomechanismsLaboratoryattheMIT(MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology).Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON66.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNC
Threeyearslater,in1952
MITandParsonsCorporationcooperatedwitheachother,anddevelopedthefirstNCmachinewhichnamedCincinnatiHydrotelmillingmachine.Background,timeandplace.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON67.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCThefirstgeneration,1952~1955vacuumtubes,electricalrelaysandcomplicatedmachinecontrolinterfaces.Thesecondgeneration,1955~1959miniatureelectronictubes,transistors.Thethirdgeneration,1959~1965smallscaleintegratedcircuits..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON68.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCAbovethreegenerations,
theirNCfunctionswereperformedbyhardware(electroniccircuits),sowecallthem“hardwiredNC”(硬線數(shù)控)
1955
1959
1965.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON69.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCThefourthgeneration,1970s(1970~1974)minicomputers.(CNC)Thefifthgeneration,1974-microprocessor.1979(VLIC)(MCNC)1994~PC-NC..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON70.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.1、DevelopmentHistoryofNCAfterthefourthgenerations,
theirNCfunctionswereperformedbysoftware(basedoncomputer),sowecallthem“softwiredNC”or“computernumericalcontrol”(計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控CNC)
1970
1974
1994.Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON71.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC1、NC(NumericalControl,數(shù)字控制)
NumericalControl（NC）isaformofprogrammableautomationinwhichthemechanicalactionsofamachinetoolorothermachinesarecontrolledbyaprogramcontainingcodedalphanumericdata..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON72.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC2、NumericalControlTechnology,(數(shù)控技術(shù))
ItmeansthetechnologywhichadoptsNCmethodstocontrolaworkprocesstorealizetheautomation..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON73.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC3、NumericalControlMachineTools,(數(shù)控機(jī)床)
Itis
akindofmachinetools
whichadoptsthenumericalcontroltechnologytorealizetheworkprocessautomation.ItisatypicalexampleofNCapplication..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON74.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC4、NumericalControlSystem,(數(shù)控系統(tǒng))
Itis
theequipmentwhichcanrealizethenumericalcontrol..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON75.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.2ConceptofNCandCNC5、CNC(ComputerNumericalControl,計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)控)
Themachinecontrolunitsarebasedoncomputertechnology..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON76.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineTools
Thecontrolsystemofanumericallycontrolledmachinetoolcanhandlemanytaskscommonlydonebytheoperatorofaconventionalmachine.Thesystemhastheabilitytoperformthecontrolfunctionsthroughthenumericalinputinformation,whichisthecontrolprogram,alsocalledthepartprogram..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON77.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsTheworkprocessofNCisshownastherightfigure.PartdrawingPartprogramControlcomputerServo-driveunitMachinetoolPartFirstly,thepartprogrammershouldstudythepartdrawingandtheprocesschart..Chapter1INTRODUCTIONTON78.Chapter1
INTRODUCTIONTONUMERICALCONTROL1.1.3BasicComponentsofNCMachineToolsTheworkprocessofNCisshownintherightfigure.PartdrawingPartprogramControlcomputerServo-driveunitMachinetoolPartThenthepartprogrammershouldpreparethecontrolprogramonastandardforminthespecifiedfo
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