基礎(chǔ)英語2第二單元答案The

基礎(chǔ)英語2第二單元答案The基礎(chǔ)英語2第二單元答案The基礎(chǔ)英語2第二單元答案The資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月基礎(chǔ)英語2第二單元答案The版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：基礎(chǔ)英語2第二單元答案The

Virtues

of

Growing

OlderUnit2

TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder

TextcomprehensionI.

CII.

1F;2F;3F;4T;5T.III.

1.worshipingyouthandfearinggrowingold.Todelaytheeffectsofagingwithcosmeticsandphysicalexercises.2.three.Lessconcernforone’sappearance;lessuncertaintyabouttheunknownsinthefuture;surerself-identity.3.feeluncertainaboutwhatwillhappentothemandwhattheyshoulddo.4.usecontraststructure“Beingyoungmeans…/Itmeans…”and“I…now/Inolonger…”5.Thewriterlearnsthesignificancethatthenewer(younger)isnotnecessarilybetter,andshecanbehappierthanbeforeasshegrowsolder.

IV.

1.Womenarelesscapableofresistingthetemptationthetemptationoffashionthanmen.2.makefriendswithdifferentpeopleinordertofindanewidentityforyourself.

Structuralanalysisofthetext1.

seeIII2.2.

Paragraph3:thelastsentence;Paragraph4:thesecondsentence;Paragraph5:thefirstsentence.

SectionFourConsolidationActivitiesPartone.VocabularyAnalysisI.

Phrasepractice1.areaptto=arelikelyto

易于……，有……的傾向e.g.Infantsareapttoputtheirhandsintotheirmouths.

嬰兒愛把手往嘴里塞。

2.fallapart=breakup/disintegrate

3.ingeneral=asawhole

通常，大體上；總的來說，從總體上看e.g.Ingeneral,thiscompany’sproductsareveryreliable.

這家公司的產(chǎn)品通常是很可靠的。

Ingeneral,thispaperisabitdifficultforthesestudentstofinishinanhour.

總的來說，讓學(xué)生在一個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)完成這份試卷有些困難。

4.atthemercyof=powerlessagainst;completelycontrolledby

對……無能為力；任……處置，任由……擺布e.g.Somepeoplearebornwiththebeliefthattheyaremastersoftheirownlives.Othersfeeltheyareatthemercyoffate.

有些人天生相信自己是生命的主宰，另一些人則覺得他們受到命運(yùn)的支配。Idon’twanttoputmyselfatthemercyofothers.

我不希望任由他人擺布。

5.nowonder=notsurprising/onlytoonatural

不足為奇，并不奇怪e.g.Itisnowonderthatitissowetinthesouth.

南方這么潮濕，并不奇怪。

Nowonderyou’resotired,you’veworkedthreehourswithoutabreak.

難怪你這么累，你已經(jīng)連續(xù)工作了三個(gè)小時(shí)。

Itisnowonderthathefailedhisfinalexam.

他沒能通過期末考試，這是不足為怪的。

II.1.delay;

2.Feverishly;

3.fa?ade;

4.confronted;

5.premise;

6.dreaded;

7.automatically;

8.awaiting.

III.WordderivationFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1.Shehasgotthisobsessive(obsess)fearoflosingcontrol,soshenevershowsheremotions.2.Peopleunderalotofstressatworkwilloftenexperiencemoodiness(mood),irritabilityandalossofconfidence.3.Theywantedatolerable(tolerate)existence—morefood,bettershelter,andpeace.4.Intheend,thecompanyanditsinvestorscametoamutuallybeneficial(benefit)arrangement.5.Workingwiththementallyhandicappedcanbeasatisfying(satisfy)andrewardingexperience.6.Frogscansearchforfoodunderwater,hidden(hide)frombirdsofprey.7.WhenIaskedheraboutwhereshewantedthemeetingtobeheld,shedidn’texpressanyparticularpreference(prefer).8.Thecommitteehasmadefourspecificcriticisms(critical)ofthegovernment’stransportationpolicy.

1.obsessv.

（使）牽掛，（使）惦念，（使）著迷

obsesseda.

著迷的

obsessionn.

困擾，沉迷，著魔

obsessivea.

著迷的，強(qiáng)迫性的，分神的e.g.

愛麗絲被一個(gè)她剛剛認(rèn)識的男孩迷住了。Alice

wasobsessedbyaboyshehasjustmet.他一直想要找到他的父親，但是最近這變成了一種狂熱。He’salwayswantedtofindhisfatherbutrecentlyit’sbecomeanobsession.

2.moodn.

心情，情緒moodya.

易怒的，喜怒無常的，情緒化的moodinessn.

憂郁e.g.

我每個(gè)星期日情緒都很壞。IamalwaysinabadmoodonSunday.

我的妻子在醫(yī)院里心情不好。Mywifeismoodyatthehospital.3.toleratev.

容忍，忍受

tolerablea.

可容忍的

toleranta.

寬容的，容忍的e.g.

她能忍受寒冷的天氣。Shecantoleratethecolddays.這種炎熱的天氣在夜晚可以忍受。Theheatwastolerableatnight.

4.benefitn.

利益；津貼

beneficiala.

有益的，有利的

beneficiaryn.

受惠者，受益人e.g.

這項(xiàng)工程對每個(gè)人都大有好處。Thisprojectisofgreatbenefittoeveryone.新鮮空氣有益于健康。Freshairisbeneficialtoourhealth.她的丈夫是她遺囑的主要受益人。Herhusbandisthechiefbeneficiaryofherwill.

5.satisfyv.

使?jié)M意，滿足

satisfactionn.

滿意

satisfactorya.

令人滿意的e.g.

觀賞一幅美麗的圖畫使人心滿意足。Lookingatabeautifulpaintingalwaysgivesonesatisfaction.她對現(xiàn)狀根本不滿意。Sheisnotatallsatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.

6.hidev.

隱藏，隱瞞

hidingn.

隱藏，躲藏

hiddena.

隱藏的，秘密的e.g.

她設(shè)法不表露自己的感情。Shetriedtohideherfeelings.警察正在追趕藏匿起來的殺人犯。Thepolicearefollowingamurdererwho’sinhiding.

7.preferv.

較喜歡；寧可

preferablea.

更好的，更合意的

preferencen.

偏愛，優(yōu)先，喜愛物

preferentiala.

優(yōu)先的；優(yōu)惠的e.g.

我更喜歡牛奶，而不是咖啡.Iprefermilktocoffee.我父親感到在鄉(xiāng)村生活比在城市生活要好些。Myfatherfindscountrylifepreferabletolivinginthecity.對于求職者，我們優(yōu)先考慮有一定經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人。Inconsideringpeopleforjobs,wegivepreferencetothosewithsomeexperience.8.criticala.

批評的；決定性的，關(guān)鍵的

criticn.

批評家，評論家

criticismn.

批評，評論

criticizev.

批評；非難e.g.

他的行為招致尖銳的批評。Hisbehaviorcalledforthsharpcriticism.他批評了我的冒險(xiǎn)活動。Hecriticizedmytakingrisks.

IV.1.C;

2.D;

3.A;

4.A;

5.B;

6.D;

7.C;

8.B.

V.Synonym/AntonymGiveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1.AdvertisementsconvinceustobuyGrecianFormulaandOilofOlaysowecanhidethegrayinourhair.Synonym:conceal,disguise

2.Mylegsweretooheavy,myshoulderstoobroad,mywaisttoobig.Antonym:narrow

3.TheircontentmentholdsoutgreatpromiseformeasImoveintothenext—perhapsevenbetter—phaseofmylife.Synonym:satisfaction,happiness,joy

4.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlderSynonym:merits,advantages

5.Myroundedfigureseemsfine,andIdon’tdenymyselfasliceofpecanpieifIfeelinthemood.Synonym:fat,plump

6.Daveliftedweights,tookmegadosesofvitaminsanddrankahalf-dozenmilkshakesadayinordertoturnhiswiryadolescentframeintosomemuscularideal.Synonym:well-built

7.Thetwoofusenjoywearingfashionableclothes,butwearenolongerslavestostyle.Antonym:old-fashioned,outdated

8.Obviously,Istillhaveimportantchoicestomakeaboutmylife,butIhavealreadymademanyofthecriticaldecisionsthatconfrontthosejuststartingout.Synonym:clearly,evidently

VI.

Prefix

Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedineachgivenword.1.preface

prepare

5.periphery

perimeter

2.prologue

progress

6.dialogue

diameter

3.foresight

foresee

7.semifinal

semiconductor

4.paralysis

parallel

8.devaluate

decelerate

1.Explanation:

pre-:beforesomeoneorsomething

e.g.prewar,precondition,precaution,prediction2.Explanation:pro-:before

ceed,procession,provision3.Explanation:

fore-:beforeorinthefrontof

e.g.foreword,foretell,forecast,forehead4.Explanation:

para-:ononeside

e.g.paragraph,parallel5.Explanation:

per-:surrounding

e.g.periodic,period6.Explanation:dia-:passthroughbetweensth.

e.g.dialectic,diagram,diagnosis7.Explanation:

semi-:halforpartly

e.g.semicircle,semi-final,semi-skilled8.Explanation:

de-:reduce

e.g.declass,degrade,deduce

PartTwo

GrammarExercises1.concretenouns&abstractnounsConcretenounsarewordsweuseforpeople,places,orthingsthatwecanobservewithatleastoneofourfivesenses.Theabstractclassistheopposite—wecanneverexperiencethesenounsaccordingtooursenses.Whilethisdistinctionissometimesuseful,theboundarybetweenconcreteandabstractisnotalwaysclear.Somenounscanbeusedasuncountablenounswhentheyrefertoathingingeneralandcountablenounswhentheyrefertoaparticularinstanceofit,consider,forexample,thenounart,whichusuallyreferstoaconcept:e.g.Artisanimportantelementofhumanculture.Butitcanrefertoaspecificartworkincertaincontexts:e.g.Iputmydaughter’sartuponthefridge.Thisistheproblemofcontextwithinsentences.

I.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeappropriateformsofthenounsgiven.1.agony.2.agonies.3.experience.4.experiences.5.youth.6.ayouth.7.Mychildrenare__agreathelp__tome.(great,help)8.Theboyhad__agoodknowledge__ofmathematics.(good,knowledge)9.agrayhair10.Heislookingfor__work__.(work)

II.1A;

2B;

3D;

4C;

5A;

6B;

7B;

8C.

III.alotof;

alittle;

some;

afew;

A;

some;

some;

alotof;

X.many;

X;

alotof.

2.quantifiers&determiners(every,each,everyone,everyone,all)Eachandeveryhavesimilarbutnotalwaysidenticalmeanings.each=everyoneseparatelyevery=each,allSometimes,eachandeveryhavethesamemeaning:e.g.Pricesgoupeachyear.Pricesgoupeveryyear.Butoftentheyarenotexactlythesame.Eachexpressestheideaof“onebyone”.Itemphasizesindividuality.e.g.Eachartistseesthingsdifferently.Everyishalf-waybetweeneachandall.Itseesthingsorpeopleassingular,butinagrouporingeneral.e.g.EverysoldiersalutedasthePresidentarrived.

Eachcanbeusedinfrontoftheverb:

e.g.Thesoldierseachreceivedamedal.Eachcanbefollowedby“of”:e.g.ThePresidentspoketoeachofthesoldiers.

Everycannotbeusedfortwothingswhileeachcan:e.g.Hewascarryingasuitcaseineachhand.Everyisusedtosayhowoftensomethinghappens:e.g.ThereisaplanetoBangkokeveryday.Everyonemeans“everybody”andisusedwhenyouwanttorefertoallthepeopleinagroup:e.g.Everyoneinmyfamilylikesspaghetti.Butifyou’rereferringtotheindividualswhomakeupagroup,thenthephraseiseveryone.“Eachandeveryone”youshouldneversubstituteeveryone,foreveryoneassingularorplural:e.g.WewisheachandeveryoneofyouaMerryChristmas.Allismoreoftenusedwithpluralverbforms,thoughsometimesitisusedwithsingularverbs.However,ifwewishtospecifythethingsorpeopleunderdiscussion,wecanuseallorallofwithnounsandpronounsandthecorrespondinglycorrectsingularorpluralverbforms.e.g.Hasall(of)thecakebeeneaten?

Haveall(of)thepresentsbeendistributed?AllofusaregoingtoSam’spartynextweek.We’reallgoing.

IV.Completethefollowingwithevery,each,everyone,everyoneorall.

1.all;

Everyone;

Every.A:Hehadeaten_______thebiscuits.

B:What_____________

A:__________singleone.2.Thepavementon________sidewascrowdedwithneatsmilingpeople.each;

3.Every;

4.each;

5.Everyone.Thegirlisverypopular.____________likesher.

6.Each;

7.everyone;everyone;

8.Each.

3.danglingparticiplesDanglingparticiplesisaparticiplethatisnotgrammaticallylinkedtotheworditisintendedtomodify.In“Drivingdownthestreet,thehousecameintoview,”“driving”isadanglingparticiple.Thoughtheyarenotrareinspeech,danglingparticiplesareavoidedinformalwritingbecauseofthepossibilityofmisunderstanding.

e.g.Theburglarwasabout30yearsold,white,5′10″,withwavyhairweighingabout150pounds.

Ifproperlyinstalled,youshouldn’tbeabletoopenthedoorwithoutfirstpressingthesafetybutton.

V.Correcterrorsinthefollowingsentences.1.Whenplantingtheseflowers,caremustbetakennottodamagetheroots.

youmusttakecare2.Thoughreceivedlateatnight,hestartedtoworkonthedocumentimmediately.Thoughhereceivedthedocument…workonit….

3.Falling…wethought….------Whenhefell

4.Readingtheletterasecondtime,themeaningbecomesclearer.

Whenyouread5.whathemeantbecamecleartome-------Ibecameclearaboutwhathemeant

6.Shiningintheskywesawthefirststar.

Wesawthefirststarshininginthesky.

7.Theteacherwalkedbehindthekidseatingtheirlunches.

whowereeating8.Whilecleaninghisgun,itwentoffunexpectedly.hewascleaning

VI.1.

Aslongas…Aslongasyouarehealthy,nothingcandevastateyou.

2.

Obviously…Obviously,enlargingyourvocabularyisessential.

3.

neither…nor…Neitherpovertynorfailurefrustratedtheindustriousstudent.

PartThreeI.1．許多中年人去健身房鍛煉，到街上跑步，為的是延緩衰老。2．青年人最不穩(wěn)定的因素就是，他們對價(jià)值觀、人生目標(biāo)和夢想還猶豫不定。3．鎮(zhèn)上開會我可以大膽發(fā)言，在商店里購物我也敢投訴，因?yàn)槲也辉俸ε氯藗儠ξ?，也不再渴望人人都喜歡我。4．我不再因?yàn)樽约簜€(gè)性方面的缺陷責(zé)怪父母，也不會對他們在養(yǎng)育我的過程中所犯的種種過失耿耿于懷。

II.Translationexercises1.

如今很多愛慕虛榮的年輕人，盡管還不富裕，但卻迷上了漂亮的小汽車。（vain,beobsessedwith）Translation:

Manyvainyoungpeopleareobsessedwithfancycarsdespitethefactthattheyarenotyetrichenoughtoaffordthem.Practice:被工作迷了心竅的人和酒鬼、吸毒者或慣賭都一樣癮頭很大。Themanwhoisobsessedwithhisjobisjustashookedasthealcoholic,thejunkie,orthecompulsivegambler.你們這一代可能會因?yàn)楦星殛P(guān)系的頻繁變化而產(chǎn)生困擾。Yourgenerationmayseemtobeobsessedwithrelationshipsthatchangecontinually.

2．當(dāng)他的婚外戀被妻子發(fā)現(xiàn)后，他們的婚姻終于破裂了。（affair,fallapart）

Theirmarriagefinallyfellapartwhenhisaffairwithanotherwomanwasfoundoutbyhiswife.

3．那位藝術(shù)家為了獲得創(chuàng)作的靈感，在農(nóng)村住了三年，放棄了生活上的許多享受。(inspiration,denyoneselfsomething)Forartisticinspiration,theartistlivedinthecountryforthreeyears,wherehedeniedhimselfmanycomfortsoflife.

4．我不知道明天去崇明島的遠(yuǎn)足活動能不能成行，因?yàn)檫@要取決于會不會下雨。(excursion,atthemercyof)

I’mnotsureifwecanhavetheexcursiontoChongmingIslandtomorrow.Itisatthemercyoftheweather.

5．他早年到日本學(xué)醫(yī)，回國后卻改變了主意，一輩子從事文學(xué)創(chuàng)作。(pursue)

WhenhewasyounghewenttoJapantolearnmedicine,butafterhereturnedtoChinahechangedhismindandpursuedacareerasawriterallhislife.

6．她最近和足以做她父親的老頭好上了，這使她父母感到非常丟臉。（takeupwith,disgrace）Translation:

She’stakenupwithamanoldenoughtobeherfather,whichisadisgracetoherparents.Practice:她的父母很不明白她為什么會和一個(gè)失業(yè)的男演員交往。Herparentscouldnotunderstandwhyshehadtakenupwithanunemployedactor.有名望有權(quán)勢的男人似乎對“保姆型”的女人情有獨(dú)鐘，如秘書、助手和乘務(wù)員等等。Powerfulmenseemtotakeupwiththeyoungwomenwhosejobwastotendtothemandcarefortheminsomeway:theirsecretaries,assistants,flightattendants,etc.

7．1978年以來，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展神速，相比之下，一些發(fā)達(dá)國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)反而滑坡了。（witness,contrast）Translation:Since1978,oureconomyhaswitnessedarapiddevelopment;incontrastthatofsomedevelopedcountrieshasdeclined.

Practice:謝謝你和我分享中國的故事，我會再來中國見證她的變化。ThanksfortalkingandsharingChina’sstorywithme.IwillreturntoChinaandwitnessallitshappenings.“十一”之前我肯定能回到中國，我個(gè)人也愿意見證中國的歡騰時(shí)刻。IamsuretocomebacktoChinabeforeOctober1st.PersonallyIwouldliketowitnesstheimportantgalaofChina.

8．地震切斷了這個(gè)城市和外界的聯(lián)系。人們的食品供應(yīng)也許捱不過冬天了。（holdout）Translation:

Theearthquakeisolatedthiscityfromotherareas.

I’mafraidtheirfoodsupplieswillnotholdoutthroughthewinter.Practice:如果供給品充裕的話，我們將在此繼續(xù)露營一個(gè)星期。Ifoursuppliesholdout,wewillcamphereforanotherweek.那位飛行員說，因?yàn)槿狈θ剂?，他只能再?jiān)持一小時(shí)，然后就不得不把飛機(jī)降落在水面上。Thepilotsaidhecouldholdoutforanotherhourbeforehewouldhavetoditchtheplanebecauseoflackoffuel.

VI

WritingPracticeParagraphdevelopment—thetopicsentenceAtopicsentenceisastatementofthecontrollingideathattherestoftheparagraphclarifies,exemplifies,orsupports.Itisusuallythemostgeneralstatementoftheparagraphbutmeanwhilespecificenoughsothatitcanbefullydevelopedinasingleparagraph.Agoodtopicsentencepromiseswhatistocome.Agoodtopicsentencehasthreecharacteristics:itincludesatopicandacontrollingidea;itislimited;anditlendsitselftodevelopment.

Exercise1.Writeatopicsentencetosumupthefollowingdetails.SetA1.

Den