2020屆山東省菏澤市高三一模英語試題解析

2020屆山東省荷澤市高三一模

英語試題考生注意：.本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分。滿分120分，考試時間100分鐘。.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項目填寫清楚。.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用 2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑；非選擇題請用直徑 0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。.本卷命題范圍：高考范圍。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABestWineClubGiftsHerearethebestwineclubgiftsthatyoucangivetoyourselforyourbelovedonesthismonth.VineboxClub:forthepersonthat 'sscaredofcommitmentTogetstartedwithVinebox,you'lljusttakeaquizonyourfavoriteflavorsandtastes.ThenVineboxwillselect3or6differentbrandsofwinesandsendthemstraighttoyourdoor.Enjoytheirsurprise!Cost:$27aboxWincChoice:forthenewwinedrinkerJustnotethatwhenyou'regiftingaWincsubscription,thegiftreceiverisn 'tgoingtogetabox.InbeaWincgiftcardthatoffershimavarietyofchoices.Cost:Youchoosetheamountthatyouwanttogift.CellarsWineClub:forthepickywinedrinkerFrominternationaltolocalwines,andallthewayfromsweetsto90+pointofferings,therecluboutthere.Forloversofsweetwines,itsSweetClubseries,whichofferssweeterwines,likemoscatod'astiandrieslings,isperfect.Cost:$29-$79amonth.Blend（混釀酒）Club:fortheon-the-gowinedrinkerYoucanchoosebetweenaredblend,awhiteblend,arosblend,orallthreedntheirvarietypacksubscription.Cost:Getthefirst3blendsatonly$27forsubscription,or$12perblend.WhatisspecialaboutWincChoice?Itoffersavarietyofcolorfulsweetwines.Itonlysellswinestotheregisteredmembers.Thegiftreceiverwillgetacardtochoosehisfavoritewines.Thegiftreceiverneedstotakeatestonhisfavoriteflavors.Howmuchwillyoupayifyoujustbuyawhiteblend?A.$9. B.$12.C.$27. D.$39.Whichclubrequiresitscustomerstomakemonthlysubscriptions?A.VineboxClub. B.CellarsWineClub.C.BlendClub. D.WincChoice.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】本文是一則廣告。文章主要介紹了四個富有特色的酒莊。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WincChoice:forthenewwinedrinker中的Instead,itwillbeaWincgiftcardthatoffershimavarietyofchoices.可知，相反，這將是一張 Winc禮品卡，為他提供多種選擇。由此可知，收受禮物的人TOC\o"1-5"\h\z有機(jī)會自己挑酒。故選 Co【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Blend（混釀酒）Club:fortheon-the-gowinedrinker中的Cost:Getthefirst3blendsatonly$27forsubscription,or$12perblend.可知，費用：以27美元的價格購買前三種混釀酒，或者每一種混釀酒 12美元。由此可知，如果你僅買一瓶混合白葡萄酒，你需要支付 12美元。故選Bo【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CellarsWineClub:forthepickywinedrinker中的Cost:$29-$79amonth.可知，費用：每月29到79美元。由此可知，CellarsWineClub要求顧客按月iT購。故選 B。BItisawellacceptedassumptionthatstudentscometocollegestogetgoodgradesandthattheyareusuallytoobusytodoanythingelse.ButConnieSnyderMick,anacademicdirectoroftheCenterforSocialConcernsattheUniversityofNotreDame,saysitisjusthalfofthetruth.Therearemanyvolunteeringcenterslikehersatthecollegesanduniversitiesin7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?theUnitedStates.Micksaysthesecentershelpstudentsseekanexperiencethatmaynotbedirectlyrelatedtoastudent'sacademicprogress,thatisstillimportant.Volunteeringisnotuncommoninhighereducation.Manycollegegroupsorganizevolunteereventsfordifferentcauses.Officialsinchargeofstudenthousingoftenorganizesucheventstohelpbuildasenseofcommunity.Participationinthesekindsofactivitiesisgoodforstudents,Micksays.Forexample,thebusynatureofcollegelifecancreatealotofstressforstudents.Doingsomethingcompletelyunrelatedtoastudent'sstudiescanhelpcalmthembyputtingtheirmindonotherthings.Foramoremeaningfuladditiontotheircollegeexperience.Mickurgesstudentstovisitcentersliketheonesheheads.Shesaysthesecentersexisttocreatevolunteeropportunitiesthataremorecomplexandmeaningfulthanjustadayspentcleaningalocalparkorraisingmoney,forexample.Suchvolunteeringcentersoftenpartnerwithlocalorganizationsthatservethepeopleofthenearbycommunities.Evenforstudentswithlittleinterestinbuildingaconnectionwiththelocalcommunities,thereisstillvalueinwhatvolunteercentershavetooffer,Micksays.Shenotessomeopportunitiescanpushstudentstousewhattheyarelearningintheclassroomoutintherealworldandhavingthatkindofexperiencecanmakeastudentappealingtoemployersintheyearstocome.Whatdoestheunderlinedword "that"inparagraph2referto?Academicprogress.Collegeeducation.Volunteeringexperience.CenterforSocialConcerns.Whatisthehousingofficials'mainpurposeinorganizingthoseevents?Togivestudentsgoodpart-timejobs.Toraisemoneyfordifferentcelebrations.Tohelpbuildacloserbondamongthestudents.Toimprovethelivingconditionsforthestudents.Howcanthesecenters'activitiesbenefitthestudentsaccordingtoMick?Byhelpingthemfocusontheirstudy.Byofferingchancestotesttheirknowledge.Byprotectingthemfromthelocalcommunities.Byincreasingtheircompetitivenessinthejobmarket.ColorfulCollegeLifeintheUSAGuidelinesforVolunteeringCenterSelectionCVolunteering:aMeaningfulAdditiontoCollegeLifeD.AValuablePlatform:Mick'sCenterforSocialConcerns【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.C【解析】本文是一篇說明文。圣母大學(xué)社會問題中心的學(xué)術(shù)主任康妮?施耐德?米克介紹了美國大學(xué)中的各類志愿者中心對學(xué)生成長的重要性并鼓勵學(xué)生們積極參與志愿者活動?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)戈U線詞所在句Micksaysthesecentershelpstudentsseekanexperiencethatmaynotbedirectlyrelatedtoastudent'sacademicprogress,bhatisstillimportant.可知，米克說，這些中心幫助學(xué)生尋求一種體驗，這種體驗可能與學(xué)生 學(xué)業(yè)進(jìn)步?jīng)]有直接關(guān)系，但那仍然很重要。由此可知， that指代的是“通過志愿活動中心獲得的體驗”。故選 Co【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的 Officialsinchargeofstudenthousingoftenorganizesucheventstohelpbuildasenseofcommunity.可知，負(fù)責(zé)學(xué)生宿舍的官員經(jīng)人員希望借助這些志愿活動增強(qiáng)學(xué)生之間的聯(lián)系?！?題詳解】theyearstocome.可知,她指出,一些主的經(jīng)驗可以讓學(xué)生在未來吸引雇主。由止主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，圣母大學(xué)未各類志愿者中心對學(xué)生成長的重要性并宣MeaningfulAdditiontoCollegeLife（Wtessomeopptheclassroomoutintherealworldandingthatkindo學(xué)至?于提高學(xué)生白愿者活動。由此可知,細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的 Sh可以促使學(xué)生知，這些活動問題中心的學(xué)活動：大學(xué)生活中有意義的由此可知，宿管Conitiespushstudentstewhattheyarelearninginperiecanmakeastuappealingtoemployersin界中，擁有這樣選任康妮senseofcommunity.可知，負(fù)責(zé)學(xué)生宿舍的官員經(jīng)人員希望借助這些志愿活動增強(qiáng)學(xué)生之間的聯(lián)系?！?題詳解】theyearstocome.可知,她指出,一些主的經(jīng)驗可以讓學(xué)生在未來吸引雇主。由止主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，圣母大學(xué)未各類志愿者中心對學(xué)生成長的重要性并宣MeaningfulAdditiontoCollegeLife（Wtessomeopptheclassroomoutintherealworldandingthatkindo學(xué)至?于提高學(xué)生白愿者活動。由此可知,細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的 Sh可以促使學(xué)生知，這些活動問題中心的學(xué)活動：大學(xué)生活中有意義的由此可知，宿管Conitiespushstudentstewhattheyarelearninginperiecanmakeastuappealingtoemployersin界中，擁有這樣選任康妮?施耐德?米克埃美國大學(xué)中的故本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選識運用到現(xiàn)競爭力DoC.Volunteering:aCoAresearchpaperrecentlyreportedthattheChinesepaddlefish（中華魚尋）—oneoftheworld'slargestfreshwaterfish-hasbeendeclaredextinct.ScientistssaytheChinesepaddlefishanditscloserelativeshavebeenaroundforatleast200millionyears.Thespecies,reachinguptosevenmetersinlength,survivedunimaginablechanges,suchasthemassextinctionthatkilledthedinosaurs.Butthere 'sonephenomenonthisancientspecies,sometimescalledthecouldnotsurvivehumans.TheirhugesizeandplentifulfleshmadethemapopulartargetforfishermenandawelcomeadditiontoinnertablesinChina.Inthe1970s,25tonsofpaddlefishwereharvestedperyearonaverage.ButtheconstructionoftheGezhoubaDamontheYangtzeforeverchangedtheYangtzeRiverhabitatofpaddlefish,becauseitwasconstructedwithoutafishladderorsidewayandcutoffthepaddlefishfromtheironlybreeding（繁殖）groundsupstream.Populationsofthefishcontinuedtodecreaseafterthecompletionofthedamin1981,butnobodyhadyetfiguredouthowterriblethesituationwas.Asisoftenthecase,therecanbeasignificantdelaybetweenmajordisturbancesandtheirconsequence.Theresearcherssaythefishhadbecomefunctionallyextinctby1993,meaningtherewerenotenoughfishtomeaningfullyreproduce.PanWenjingisanoceanexpertwithGreenpeaceEastAsia.ShetoldTheAssociatedPresstheextinctionoftheChinesepaddlefishwas“ahugeloss"fornature.ShesaidthedevelopmentconfirmsthattheYangtzeRiverisexperiencingmajorenvironmentaldamage.“TheecosystemoftheYangtzeRiverisclosetoitsbreakingpointduetohumanactivityinpastdecades.said."Thepaddlefish'sextinctionshouldserveaspacwakeprotectotherfreshwaterspecies.Movingforward,weneedtobalancetheneedsofhumanswiththeneedsoflifeinriversandseas.Humansshouldnotlivealoneonthisplanet.”WhatcanwesayabouttheChinesepaddlefish?Itisthelargestfish.Itappearedearlierthandinosaurs.Itisakindofancientfish.Itwasawelcomedishforthefishermen.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?ThedesignproblemsoftheGezhoubaDam.TheworseningecosystemintheYangtzeRiver.ThepopulationdevelopmentoftheChinesepaddlefish.ThemainreasonforthedyingoutoftheChinesepaddlefish.HowdoesPanWenjingfeelabouttheextinctionoftheChinesepaddlefish?A.Angry. B.Doubtful.C.Worried. D.Unconcerned.InwhichsectionofTheAssociatedPressmaythistextmostprobablyappear?

A.Environment.B.Science.C.Culture. D.TourismB.Science.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了素有“長江熊貓”之稱的中華鮑滅絕的原因?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的 ScientistssaytheChinesepaddlefishanditscloserelativeshavebeenaroundforatleast200millionyears.可知，科學(xué)家說中國白魚尋和它白近親已經(jīng)存在了至少 2億年。以及Butthere'osephenomenonthisancientspecies,sometimescalledthe “pandaoftheYangtzevehuman&畫珈notsurvi但是有一種現(xiàn)象，這種古老的物種，有時被稱為“長江熊貓”，無法在人類的生活中存活下來。 由此可知，中華鮑是一個古老的物種。故選Co【9題詳解】主旨大意題。閱讀第四段內(nèi)容可知，本段介紹了導(dǎo)致中華鮑最終滅絕的主要原因：葛洲壩阻斷了中華斜的遷徙之路，導(dǎo)致其無法正常繁殖。故選Do【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段中的 Thepaddlefish'extinctionshouldserveasawake-upcalltoprotectotherfreshwaterspecies.Movingforward,weneedtobalancetheneedsofhumanswiththeneedsoflifeinriversandseas.Humansshouldnotlivealoneonthisplanet.可知，白魚尋的滅絕應(yīng)該為保護(hù)其他淡水物種敲響警鐘。向前邁進(jìn)，我們需要平衡人類的需要與河流和海洋的生命的需要。人類不應(yīng)該獨自生活在這個星球上。由此可推斷，PanWenjing對中國白魚尋的滅絕感到擔(dān)憂。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章主要聚焦于“人為的環(huán)境破壞導(dǎo)致中華鮑的滅絕”。由此可知，這篇文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在美聯(lián)社的環(huán)境版面。故選 Ao【點睛】推理判斷題要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上，做出一定的推理判斷，從而得到文章的隱含意義和深層意義。推理判斷題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中的某一句話，也可能是某幾句話，所以，推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案： 即對原文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫或綜合。推理判斷題的題干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,conclude,indicate等標(biāo)志性詞語。本題第3小題，根據(jù)最后——段中的Thepaddlefish'sextinctionshouldserveasawakepcalltoprotectotherfreshwaterspecies.Movingforward,weneedtobalancetheneedsofhumanswiththeneedsoflifeinriversandseas.Humansshouldnotlivealoneonthisplanet.可知，白魚尋的滅絕應(yīng)該為保護(hù)其他淡水物種敲響警鐘。向前邁進(jìn)，我們需要平衡人類的需要與河流和海洋的生命的需要。人類不應(yīng)該獨自生活在這個星球上。由此可推斷， PanWenjing對中國白鮑的滅絕感到擔(dān)憂。故選 CoDThousandsofteenagersfacerisinglackofsleepandthenumberofadmissionstohospitalshasbeenincreasingoverthepastsixyears.Ratingitjustbehindobesity（肥胖癥）,anxietyandmentalhealth,expertshavedescribeditthefourthhiddenhealthdisasterforteenagers.DatafromNHSDigitalshowthatadmissionswithsleepdisordersamongthoseaged19andunderhaverisenfrom605,200in2013to940,290in2019,althoughsleepdisordersintheotheragegroupshavefallennoticeablyatthesameperiodoftime.MandyGurneyfromMillpondSleepClinic,aprivatechildren 'ssleepclinicthattherewasa30%riseinsleep-relateddisordersamongteenagerslastyear.“Itisaveryworryingincrease,especiallyifthisratekeepsgoingup, “Gurneysaid.Sheaddformelatonin,ahormone（荷爾蒙）thebodyproducesnaturallyinreactiontodarknessandhelpsprepareusforsleep,hadalsorisen. "WefeelthattheriseinsleepproblemsisverymuchbasedonschoetyDressure,peerpressureand,inparticular,socialmediaaddiction. ”VickiDawson,founderoftheChildren'sSleepCharity,saidherorganizationwasfloodedbyfamilies 'callsseekinghelp.Shesaidtheriseinsleepdisorderswaspartlyduetothebluelightfromscreensthatsuppressestheproductionofmelatonin. "Weareincreasinglyseeingfamilieswherebothparentsareoutywochiingeansthattraditionalbedtimeroutinesmayberushedorabandonedalltogether, "shesaid."Moreoftenthanlefttothecompanyofscreens. ”WhatcanwelearnfromMandyGurney'swords?Melatoninisaneffectivecureforsleepdisorders.Sleepproblemsarebecomingthemostserioushealthcrisis.Itisthesocialmediathatleadtothesleepdisordersamongthestudents.DSheisparticularlyconcernedaboutthefastriseofsleepdisordersamongteenagers.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword “suppresses"inparagraph4?A. Multiply. B. Changes.C. Reduces. D. Monitors.Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupport “sleepdisordersareontheriseamongteenagers"?A. Inparagraph 1. B. Inparagraph 2.C. Inparagraph 3. D. Inparagraph 4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?Theseriousconsequencesoflackofsleep.Themeasurestoimproveschoolchildren'ssleep.Therelationshipbetweenscreentimeandmentalhealth.Thesleepproblemamongtheteenagersandthecauses.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了青少年中普遍存在的睡眠障礙及原因?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的 "Itisaveryworryingincrease,especiallyifthisratekeepsgoingup, “Gurne可知，“這是一個非常令人擔(dān)憂的增長，尤其是如果這個比率繼續(xù)上升，" Gurney說。由此可知，MandyGurney特別擔(dān)心的是睡眠障礙在青少年中蔓延的速度。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中的 Sheaddedthatprescriptionsformelatonin,ahormone（荷爾蒙）thebodyproducesnaturallyinreactiontodarknessandhelpsprepareusforsleep,hadalsorisen.可知，她補充說，褪黑素的處方數(shù)量也有所增加。褪黑素是人體對黑暗做出自然反應(yīng)時產(chǎn)生的一種激素， 有助于我們?nèi)胨?。及第四段中的Shesaidtheriseinsleepdisorderswaspartlyduetothebluelightfromscreensthatsuppressestheproductionofmelatonin.可知，她說，睡眠障礙增加的部分原因是屏幕發(fā)出的藍(lán)光 suppresses了褪黑素的分泌。可推斷，睡眠障礙是由于褪黑素的分泌受到了屏幕藍(lán)光的抑制而導(dǎo)致的。由此可知，劃線詞意為“抑制，減少”。故選Co【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的DatafromNHSDigitalshowthatadmissionswithsleepdisordersamongthoseaged19andunderhaverisenfrom605,200in2013to940,290in2019,althoughsleepdisordersintheotheragegroupshavefallennoticeablyatthesameperiod0ftime.（英國國家醫(yī)療服務(wù)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示， 19歲及以下的青少年因睡眠障礙入院的人數(shù)從 2013年的605200人增加到2019年的940290人，而其他年齡段的睡眠障礙人數(shù)同期明顯下降）可知，在第二段可以找到支持“睡眠障礙正呈上升趨勢”的數(shù)據(jù)。故選Bo【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了兒童睡眠缺乏癥普遍存在的現(xiàn)象及原因。故選 D?！军c睛】做詞義猜測題時利用上下文提供的情景和線索，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯的綜合分析進(jìn)而推測詞義，最常見的就是利用上下文語境、常識和語法關(guān)系推斷詞義。尤其是抓住所需推斷詞匯前后的內(nèi)容推斷劃線詞義。本題第2小題，根據(jù)第三段中的 Sheaddedthatprescriptionsformelatonin,ahormone（荷爾蒙）thebodyproducesnaturallyinreactiontodarknessandhelpsprepareusforsleep,hadalsorisen.可知，她補充說，褪黑素的處方數(shù)量也有所增加。褪黑素是人體對黑暗做出自然反應(yīng)時產(chǎn)生的一種激素，有助于我們?nèi)胨?。及第四段中的Shesaidtheriseinsleepdisorderswaspartlyduetothebluelightfromscreensthatsuppressestheproductionofmelatonin.可知，她說，睡眠障礙增加的部分原因是屏幕發(fā)出的藍(lán)光 suppresses了褪黑素的分泌?？赏茢?，睡眠障礙是由于褪黑素的分泌受到了屏幕藍(lán)光的抑制而導(dǎo)致的。由此可知，劃線詞意為“抑制，減少"。故選Co第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。NewVirusDetailsShowChallengeforOutbreakControlAtfirst,scientistswererelievedthatthenewvirus,COVID-19,wasn'tasdangerousasthosethatcausedSARS.Ebolaorsomeotherrecentinfectiousdiseases.16 .Herearesomeofthechallenges.MultiplyinginfectionsAccordingtotheexistingdata,theinfectionrateforSARSis3whiletheordinaryflu 'sinNow,basedonthefirst425confirmedCOVID-19cases,eachinfectionledto2.2moreinfectionsonaverage.17 .Yetwedon'tknowwhetherthenewvirusisweakeningorisstilllearningwhatitcando.Varyingincubationperiods（潛伏期）Scientistsestimatedtheaverageincubationperiodwasroughlyfivedaysbutsaiditcouldlastuptotwoweeks.18 .Peoplecanmoveawayfromwheretheygotitandnotevenrememberplaceswheretheymayhavebeenexposed.SpreadinginstealthAnotherbigworryisthatonepersonwithnosymptomscanalsoinfectothers.OnThursday,scientistsreportedthatawomanwhowasnotillatthetimespreadthevirustoamaninGermanyduringabusinesstripthere.19 .Testinggaps20 .Atpresent,afewtypesoftestkits（工具包）havebeendeveloped.Buttheyarenotaccurateenough.Scientistsarenotsurehowmanyfalsealarmsormissedcaseseachmightgiveatanypointintime.Thatleavesakeygap.Althoughscientistsarestillfacedwithsomanychallenges,theyareconfidentthatthenewviruswillbeputundercontrolsoon.MoretestingequipmentshouldbeprovidedatonceIt'sstillastruggletodeterminewhoisorisnotinfectedSuchalongpotentialincubationperiodcanbeaproblemTherateisabitlowerthanSARSbutmuchhigherthanordinaryfluThatisaverylowinfectionratecomparedwiththatofSARSandEbolaThenheinfectedseveralothercoworkersbeforeshowinganysymptomsHowever,newdetailsshowhowchallengingitcouldbetocontrolthisoutbreak【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.F20.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新型冠狀病毒疫情難于防控的原因?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)全文標(biāo)題及空前“一開始，我們感到寬慰的是，新型冠狀病毒并不像那些引起 SARS、埃博拉或其他近期爆發(fā)的傳染病病毒那樣危險”可推斷，下文很可能會出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，由此可知， G項“然而，新披露的細(xì)節(jié)卻表明控制這次病毒的爆發(fā)可能十分困難”符合題意。故選Go【17題詳解】通過比較SARS、普通流感及新型冠狀病毒的傳染率可推斷，由此可知， D項“這個傳染比率比非典略小，但又遠(yuǎn)高于普通流感”符合題意。故選Do【18題詳解】根據(jù)空前“科學(xué)家估計平均潛伏期約為 5天，但可能持續(xù)長達(dá)兩周”可知，C項“如此長的潛伏期是個大問題”符合題意。故選Co【19題詳解】根據(jù)本小節(jié)的標(biāo)題及上文“周四，科學(xué)家報告說，一名當(dāng)時沒有患病的女性在德國出差期間將病毒傳染給了一名男性”可知，F(xiàn)項“然后在出現(xiàn)癥狀前，他又傳染了幾個同事”符合題意。故選F?！?0題詳解】本節(jié)主要介紹目前新病毒檢測中存在的困難，如測試結(jié)果不可靠導(dǎo)致誤報及漏報，由此可知， B項“確定一個人是否被感染還有困難”適合作本段主題句。故選Bo第二部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的 A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。VanessaBryantmadeherfirstpubliccommentWednesdaysincethehelicoptercrashthatkilledherhusbandKobeBryantandoneoftheirdaughters.“Wearecompletelydevastate（摧毀）bythe21lossofmyadoringhusband,Kobe-theamazingfather

ofourchildren;andmybeautiful,sweetGianna-aloving,thoughtfulandwonderfuldaughter,andamazing22toNatalia,BiankaandCapri, "VanessaBryantwrote.TheBryantswouldhave23their19thweddinganniversarythisApril.TheyhadfourdaughtersincludingNatalia,Bianka,Capriandthe13-year-oldGiannawhodiedinthecrash.“Therearen'24wordstodescribeourpainrightnow, "VanessaBryantwrote5in“ItakeknowingthatKobeandGigibothknewthattheyweresodeeplyloved.Weweresofortunatetohavetheminour26 .Iwishtheywereherewithus27 .Theywereourbeautifulblessings28fromustoosoon.”"I'mnoteswrhatourliveshold 29today,andit'simpossibletc30lifewithoutthem,”VanessaBryantcontinued, “Butwewakeupeachday,togoaheadbecauseKobe,andourbabygirl,Gigi,areshiningonusto 32 theway.Ourloveforthemis 33 .IjustwishIcouldhugthem,kissthemandhavethemherewithusrightnow. ”DBDCDBDCTherehasbeenno34 onfuneralormemorialplansyetforKobeandGiannaBryant.VanessaBryantaskedforcontinued 35_ofherfamily'sprivacyasitis“goingthroughthisnewreality21.A.gradualB.eventualC.obviousD.sudden22.A.sisterB.motherC.wifeD.daughter23.A.congratulatedB.celebratedC.preparedD.attended24.A.naturalB.specialC.enoughD.satisfactory25.A.comfortB.prideC.delightD.interest26.A.dreamsB.livesC.housesD.pictures27.A.everB.foreverC.yetD.sometimes28.A.dividedB.freedC.takenD.kept29.A.beforeB.untilC.throughD.beyond30.A.balanceB.saveC.imagineD.survive31.A.tryingB.forgettingC.regrettingD.pretending32.A.blockB.shelterC.constructD.light33.A.limitedB.endlessC.complexD.poisonous34.A.advertisementB.guidanceC.expressionD.announcement35.A.serviceB.helpC.respectD.approach【答案】21.D 22.A23.B24.C25.A26.B27.B28.C29.D30.C31.

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。瓦妮莎 布萊恩特在文中表達(dá)了對丈夫科比及女兒吉安娜的無限哀思?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“突然失去我敬愛的丈夫科比一一我們孩子的了不起的父親，我們感到非常悲痛；還有我美麗、甜美的Gianna 個可愛、體貼、很棒的女兒，也是Natalia、Bianka和Capri的好妹妹，”瓦妮莎-布萊恩特寫道。A.gradual逐漸的；B.eventual最后白C.obvious顯而易見的；D.sudden突然的。聽到丈夫科比及女兒吉安娜直升機(jī)失事的死訊時，身為妻子及母親的布萊恩特當(dāng)然會感到很突然（sudden）。故選D。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“突然失去我敬愛的丈夫科比一一我們孩子的了不起的父親，我們感到非常悲痛；還有我美麗、甜美的Gianna一個可愛、體貼、很棒的女兒，也是 Natalia、Bianka和Capri的好妹妹，”瓦妮莎-布萊恩特寫道。A.sister姐妹；B.mother母親；C.wife妻子；D.daughter女兒。根據(jù)下文TheyhadfourdaughtersincludingNatalia,Bianka,Capriandthe13-year-oldGiannawhodiedinthecrash.可知，Gianna是她們的姐妹（sister）。故選A。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。 句意：今年4月，布萊恩特夫婦將慶祝他們結(jié)婚 19周年紀(jì)念日。A.congratulated祝賀；B.celebrated慶祝；C.prepared準(zhǔn)備；D.attended參加?？票确驄D原本計劃在四月慶祝（celebrated）他們第十九個結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日。故選 B。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“沒有足夠的語言來描述我們現(xiàn)在的痛苦， ”瓦妮莎-布萊恩特寫道。A.natural自然的；B.special特殊的；C.enough足夠的；D.satisfactory滿意的。此時沒有足夠的（enough）語言可以描述她一家人心中的痛苦。故選Co【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我很欣慰的知道科比和吉吉都知道他們是如此的深愛。 A.comfort欣慰，舒適；B.pride自豪；C.delight高興；D.interest興趣。令她感到欣慰（comfort）的是，科比和吉安娜知道一家人都深深地愛著他倆。故選 Ao【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們很幸運生活中有他們。A.dreams夢想；B.lives生命；C.houses房子；D.pictures圖畫。她們感到很幸運能在自己的生命（lives）中曾經(jīng)擁有他們。故選Bo【27題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望他們永遠(yuǎn)和我們在一起。A.ever考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我希望他們永遠(yuǎn)和我們在一起。A.ever曾經(jīng)；B.forever永遠(yuǎn)；C.yet然而；D.【【題詳解】因為這是“正在經(jīng)歷的新現(xiàn)實”?？疾槊~詞義辨析。句意：瓦妮莎?布萊恩特要求繼續(xù)尊重她的家庭隱私,因為這是“正在經(jīng)歷的新現(xiàn)實”。A.service服務(wù)；B.help幫助；C.respect尊重；D.approach方法。科比遺孀請求繼續(xù)尊重( respect)她的家庭隱私。故選Co第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Bullying(霸凌)amongelementary,middleandhighschoolstudentshasbecome36increasinglytalked-aboutsubjectinJapan,withmanyparentsandeducators37(struggle)tofindthebestwaytodealwiththeproblem.38(deal)withthebullyinginschools,abullyinsurancecompany,Yell,wassetupinTokyo.Japan.Parents39wanttobuybullyinsurancecanconsultwithitslawyers,free40charge,iftheyfeel41(they)childrenarefacedwiththethreatofbeingbullied.Bullyinsurance42(cost)2,640yenamonth.Medicalfees43(cover),bothforinjuriesthechildhavesufferedatthehandsofabully,andforinjuriescausedbythechild 'sfightingback.Whilestillothersmayholdthatthebestwaytodealwithbullyingisaswiftfistintheface,theJapanese44(general)don'tgoforviolentprobsemvingmethods,anditislikelythatYell 'sservicgoingtobeavery45(attract)solutiontotheJapaneseparents.Whatdoyouthink?Pleasesendyourcommentstous.【答案】36.an37.strugglingTodealwho/thatof41.theircosts43.arecoveredgenerallyattractive【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了在日本中小學(xué)中日益嚴(yán)重的霸凌問題及對策?！?6題詳解】考查冠詞。分析句子成分可知， subject為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，表示泛指，應(yīng)該用不定冠詞限定；另外空后的increasingly為元音音素開頭的單詞。故填 an。考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， 這是一個“介詞+賓語+補語”的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語；且parents與struggle之間具有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用所給詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。故填struggling?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，該空在此處作目的狀語，應(yīng)該用所給詞的不定式。故填 Todeal?！?9題詳解】考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填詞引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞 parents；且引導(dǎo)詞在從句中做主語，故填who或that?！?0題詳解】考查介詞。freeofcharge意為"免費"，為固定短語。故填 of?！?1題詳解】考查代詞。分析句子成分可知，此處應(yīng)該用形容詞性物主代詞修飾后面的名詞 childreno故填their。【42題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)及主謂一致。分析句子成分可知，所填詞是本句的謂語動詞；主語為單數(shù)名詞，且與動詞構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系；另外，這是日常報價，應(yīng)該用所給詞的一般現(xiàn)在時第三人稱單數(shù)。故填 costs。【43題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)及語態(tài)。分析句子成分可知，主語與所填動詞之間存在邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用所給動詞的被動語態(tài)。另外，根據(jù)句意可知，這是保險合同的一般條款，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時。故填 arecovered。【44題詳解】考查副詞。分析句子成分可知，應(yīng)填詞在句中修飾謂語動詞， 作狀語，應(yīng)該用所給詞的副詞。故填generallyo【45題詳解】考查形容詞。分析句子成分可知，空后為名詞，此處應(yīng)填所給詞的形容詞，作定語修飾名詞。故填attractiveo【點睛】分析定語從句關(guān)鍵抓住兩點：第一、找準(zhǔn)先行詞；第二、看先行詞在定語從句中所作的成分。先行詞往往為名詞或代詞，如本題第4小題中先行，為名詞parents,再分析先行詞parents在限定性定語從句中所作的成分，將先行詞 parents帶到從句中可知，只能作主語，故確定關(guān)系詞為 who或that。第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，彳^的美國朋友 Eric來信詢問你的近況。請你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：.簡要介紹近況，如受到新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）影響，如何做好居家防疫或“宅”家上網(wǎng)課的情形等；.談?wù)務(wù)鎸嵉母惺?。注意?詞數(shù)80左右；.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫;.開頭和結(jié)束語已為你寫好。DearEric,Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【答案】DearEric,I'mreallygladtohearfromyouatthismomentwhenmyschoolhasbeenshutdowninaresponsetotheCOVID-19disease.NowIhavetospendmostofmydaysathometakingon-lineclasses,completingmoreschoolworkassignedbymyworriedteachersandparents!AlthoughI'vestartedtoadjustlwemylifeathome,Ireallymissthefamiliarrhythmofschoollife.IhopethattheoutbreakwillsooncometoanendsoIcanstudywithmyfriendsagainratherthanbeingholedupinmyroomalltheday.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文，要求寫一封信?！驹斀狻康?步：根據(jù)提示可知，本篇為一封回信：假定你是李華，你的美國朋友 Eric來信詢問你的近況。請你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.簡要介紹近況，如受到新型冠狀病毒（COVID-19）影響，如何做好居家防疫或“宅”家上網(wǎng)課的情形等； 2.談?wù)務(wù)鎸嵉母惺?。人稱使用第一人稱，時態(tài)使用一般現(xiàn)在時。第2步：根據(jù)寫作要求，確定關(guān)鍵詞 （組），如：shutdowninaresponsetotheCOVID-19disease（為應(yīng)對2019冠狀病毒病而停工）；spendmostofmydaysathometakingon-lineclasses（我大部分時間都在家里上在線課程）；completingmoreschoolworkassignedbymyworriedteachersandparents（完成老師和家長布置的更多作業(yè)）等。

第3步：根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進(jìn)行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的?！军c睛】本文內(nèi)容完整，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。另外全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。 同時文中使用高級句子。 I'mreallygladtohearfromyouatthismomentwhenmyschoolhasbeenshutdowninaresponsetotheCOVID-19diseas響中使用when弓I導(dǎo)的定語從句；NowIhavetospendmostofmydaysathometakingon-lineclasses,completingmoreschoolworkassignedbymyworriedteachersandparents!現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，且過去分詞作后置定語； AlthoughI'vestartedtoadjustwelltomylifeathome,Ireallymissthefamiliarrhythmofschoollife.句中Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段， 使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右OGrowingup,wedidn'thavemuchmoney.Actually,wehadverylittle.Welivedinasmallhousewithholesinthefloor.Weworeoldclothesandhadlittlefood.Withthreelittlemouthstofeed,mydaddyworkedasagatekeeperinamiddleschoolandthenfarmedourownsmallfield