話題7-社會行為準(zhǔn)則（知識梳理+專題過關(guān)） 【知識建構(gòu)遷移】 人教版九年級英語 上學(xué)期期中核心考點(diǎn)滿分突破

話題7-社會行為準(zhǔn)則【知識梳理】本單元以“社會行為準(zhǔn)則”為話題，結(jié)合此話題就學(xué)校和家庭的各種規(guī)章制度進(jìn)行了論述。在本單元話題作文的命題過程中，命題人通常會讓你就學(xué)?；蚣彝サ哪承┮?guī)章制度談一談自己的看法。寫作時多用第一人稱，時態(tài)主要用一般現(xiàn)在時，表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)時要有理有據(jù)，不能偏激。“三步法”寫談?wù)撘?guī)則、閘述觀點(diǎn)類的作文。1．確定主題：引出要談?wù)摰脑掝}；2．談?wù)撘?guī)則：具體哪方面的規(guī)則；3．闡述觀點(diǎn)：贊成或者不贊成。課文回顧：1.Idon’tthinksixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.我認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該允許16歲的青少年開車?！揪湫推饰觥抠e語從句跟在think，believe，suppose，expect等動詞后，主句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，且主句主語是第一人稱(I,we)，變否定句時，要否定主句，而不是從句，我們稱之為＂否定前移＂；變反意疑問句時，附加問句要與從句一致。Ithinkyouareright.我認(rèn)為你是對的。Idon’tthinkyouareright.我認(rèn)為你是不對的。Idon’tthinkheisclever,ishe?我認(rèn)為他不聰明，是嗎？【助記】＂否定前移＂的4個常用詞我認(rèn)為(think)猜想(suppose)不可相信(believe)，我期待著(expect)你的回答。【句型剖析】allowv.允許；準(zhǔn)許allow常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)中：(1)allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事Mrs.Blackdoesn’tallowhersontoplaycomputergamesonschoolnights.布萊克夫人不允許她兒子在上學(xué)的夜晚玩電腦游戲。(2)be(not)allowedtodosth.(不)被允許做某事Passengersarenotallowedtosmoke.乘客不允許吸煙。(3)allowdoingsth.允許做某事Wedon’tallowsmokinginpublicplaces.我們不允許在公共場所吸煙。2.Teenagersshouldbeallowedto…青少年應(yīng)該被允許...【句型剖析】（1）beallowedtodosth.意為“被允許做某事”，是含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋動詞的過去分詞。例如：Theworkcanbefinishedintwodays.這件工作可以在兩天后完成。（2）它的否定形式是在情態(tài)動詞的后面加not。Smokingcan’tbeallowedintheclassroom.吸煙在教室里是不被允許的。（3）一般疑問句是把情態(tài)動詞提到句子開頭。Canyourworkbefinishedtoday?你的工作今天能完成嗎？（4）動詞短語allowsomebodytodosomething的意思是“允許某人做某事”。Myparentsallowmetogoswimmingafterschool.我的父母允許我放學(xué)后去游泳。3.Sixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.16歲的青少年應(yīng)該被允許打耳洞?！揪湫推饰觥縢ettheirearspierced意為“打耳洞”，此處get用作使役動詞，相當(dāng)于make或have,意為“使，讓”。“get/have+賓語+過去分詞”意為“使某事被做”。其中過去分詞表示的動作往往是別人做的，與句子的主語無關(guān)。I’mgoingtogetmyhaircuttonight.我打算晚上去理發(fā)?！緮U(kuò)展】①getsb.todosth.(相當(dāng)于let/make/havesb.dosth.)讓某人去做某事Theteachergotmetofetchsomechalk.老師讓我去拿一些粉筆。②getsb./sth.+形容詞讓某人/某事處于某種狀態(tài)Thegirlgotherroomclean.女孩把她的房間收拾得很干凈。③getsth.done(過去分詞)=havesth.done(過去分詞)Igetmycarmended.=Ihavemycarmended.我讓別人修好我的車。4.Iregrettalkingback,notlisteningtoMom.我后悔當(dāng)初頂嘴而沒有聽媽媽的話【句型剖析】regret此處作及物動詞，意為“后悔；惋惜;懊惱”，后可接名詞、代詞、that或what引導(dǎo)的從句、動詞-ing形式或動詞不定式作賓語。regretdoingsth.意為“后悔做了某事”，用于對做過的事感到后悔。Ifyoudon'tdoitnow,you'llonlyregretit.如果你現(xiàn)在不做,你一定會后悔的。IdeeplyregretwhatIsaid.我非常后悔說了那些話。Heneverregretsspendingtimehelpingothers.他從不后悔花時間幫助別人?！颈嫖觥縭egretdoingsth.與regrettodosth.*regretdoingsth.對做過的事感到遺憾、后悔(已做)IregrettellingherwhatIthought.我后悔告訴了她我的想法。*regrettodosth.對要做的事感到遺憾(未做)Iregrettohavetodoit,butIhavenochoice.我很遺憾必須做它,但我別無選擇。【擴(kuò)展】與regret用法類似的動詞:trytodosth.努力/盡力做某事 trydoingsth.試著做某事remembertodosth.記得去做某事 rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事meantodosth.打算去做某事 meandoingsth.意味著做某事forgettodosth.忘記要做某事 forgetdoingsth.忘記做過某事【句型剖析】safetyn.安全；安全性Safetycomesfirst.Weshouldobeythetrafficrulestostayawayfromaccidentsontheroad.安全是第一位的。在路上，我們應(yīng)該遵守交通規(guī)則，遠(yuǎn)離交通事故。insafety處于安全的狀態(tài)。Thechildrenarenowinsafety.孩子們現(xiàn)在安全了?！就卣埂?1)safeadj.安全的；無危險的；其反義詞是dangerousadj.危險的。Thisplaceisverydangerous，andyoushouldgotoasafeplace.這個地方很危險，你應(yīng)該到一個安全的地方。(2)safelyadv.安全地Wegottothesmallislandsafelyfinally.我們最終安全地到達(dá)了小島。5.Butsometimesthesecangetinthewayoftheirschoolwork…但有時這些會妨礙他們的學(xué)業(yè)…【句型剖析】getinthewayof意為“阻礙，妨礙……”。例如：Hersociallifegotinthewayofherstudies.她的社會生活妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。【拓展】（1）intheway有“擋路”的意思，還有“用這種方法”的意思。例如：Sorry,youareintheway.對不起，你擋路了。Inthisway，hehascollectedagreatmanystamps。用這種方法他收集了大量的郵票。（2）ontheway意為“在去某地的路上”。例如：Onthewaytothestation，Iboughtsomechocolate。在去車站的路上我買了些巧克力。（3）bytheway意為“順便說一聲”。例如：Bytheway，haveyouseenHarryrecently？順便說一句，你最近見過哈里嗎？（4）inaway意為“從某種意義上說”。例如：Inaway，itisanimportantbook。在某種意義上，這是一本重要的書。6.Iwassafeandkeptmefromdanger.我很安全，避免了危險?！揪湫推饰觥浚?）keep用作及物動詞，意為“保存；保留；保守”。例如：Couldyoukeeptheselettersforme,please?你能替我保存這些信嗎？I’llkeepaseatforyou.我給你留個座位。Canyoukeepasecret?你能保守秘密嗎？（2）keep用作連系動詞,后常接表語形容詞，意為“保持處于某種狀態(tài)”。例如：Youmustlookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.你必須照顧好自己，保持身體健康。Sheknewshemustkeepcalm.她知道她必須保持鎮(zhèn)靜。（3）keep的常用句型：keepdoingsth.意為“繼續(xù)干某事“，表示不間斷地持續(xù)干某事，后須接延續(xù)性的動詞。例如：Hekeptworkingallday,becausehewantedtofinishtheworkontime.他整天都在不停地工作，因為他想準(zhǔn)時完成工作。keepondoingsth.意為“持續(xù)做某事”。例如：Thepupilkeptonaskingmethesamequestion.這個學(xué)生不斷地問我同一個問題。keep...fromdoingsth.意為“阻止/防止……做某事”。例如：Theheavysnowkeptusfromgoingout.大雪使我們不能出去7.LiuYu,afifteen-year-oldboyfromShandong,isarunningstar.來自山東的15歲男孩劉宇是一位跑步明星?！揪湫推饰觥縡ifteen-year-old既可以作形容詞，也可以作名詞，意為“15歲的（孩子）”。Mypenpalisasixteen-year-oldboy.我的筆友是16歲的男孩。Sixteen-year-oldsshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.應(yīng)該允許16歲的孩子選擇自己的服裝?！就卣埂坑⒄Z合成形容詞主要有如下幾類：（1）數(shù)詞+名詞afive-minutewalk一段步行五分鐘的路程（2）數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞asix–year-oldgirl一個六歲的女孩（3）形容詞+名詞afull-timeschool一所全日制學(xué)校（4）名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞anEnglish-speakingcountry一個說英語的國家8.Wehavenothingagainstrunning.我們不反對賽跑?！揪湫推饰觥縣avenothingagainst(doing)sth.意為“不反對某事/做某事”。其中against為介詞,意為“反對;違背”,其反義詞為for,意為“支持”。短語beagainstdoingsth.反對做某事befordoingsth.贊成做某事【拓展】against作介詞,可用來表示位置,意為“倚;碰;撞”,也可表示“與對抗”Therainbeatagainstthewindow.雨點(diǎn)敲打著窗戶。Jimisatennispro.I'mnotsureIwanttoplayagainsthim!杰姆是個職業(yè)網(wǎng)球選手,我當(dāng)然不想跟他打啦!9.IthinkIshouldbeallowedtomakethischoicemyself.我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該讓我自己去做這個選擇?！揪湫推饰觥縞hoice是名詞,意為“選擇;挑選”,其動詞形式為choose。Wearefacedwithadifficultchoice.我們面臨著一個困難的抉擇?！径陶Z】makeachoice/makechoices做出選擇havenochoice(buttodosth.)別無選擇(只能做某事)Hehastomakesomeimportantchoices.他得做出一些重要的選擇。Ihavenochoicebuttoleave.除了離開,我別無選擇?！練w納】choose=makeachoice,類似的結(jié)構(gòu)有很多:promise=makeapromise承諾;答應(yīng)apologize=makeanapology道歉invite=makeaninvitation邀請mistake=makeamistake出錯;犯錯誤wish=makeawish許愿use=make(the)useof利用;運(yùn)用study=makeastudyof學(xué)習(xí);研究decide=makeadecision做決定10.OnlythenwillIhaveachancetoachievemydream.只有那樣,我才會有機(jī)會實現(xiàn)我的夢想?！揪湫推饰觥勘揪涫且詏nly開頭的部分倒裝句,only意為“只有/直到”.以only開頭的部分倒裝句的結(jié)構(gòu)為“Only+副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句+助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+其他”O(jiān)nlyrecentlyhaveIhadtimetoreadthisbook.(Ihave倒裝為haveI)直到最近我才有時間讀這本書。Onlybyworkinghardcanwesucceed.(wecan倒裝為canwe)只有努力工作我們才能成功?！咀⒁狻竣佼?dāng)only位于句首修飾主語時,不用倒裝。OnlyLilyfeltnervous.只有莉莉感到緊張。②only所修飾的狀語如果不在句首,則句子不倒裝。Wewillsucceedonlywhenwetryourbest.只有拼盡全力,我們才會贏。【專題過關(guān)】評卷人得分一、補(bǔ)全對話5選5根據(jù)對話情景選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項補(bǔ)全對話。A:Hi,Linda.____1____B:I’mreadinganewspaper.A:____2____B:Yes,thereis.It’saboutaprogramforhomelesschildren.A:____3____B:Yes,ofcourse.Itteachesthechildrensomeskillsandthenhelpsthemfindjobsinthefuture.A:Soundsgreat!____4____B:Theyhavesomestrictrulesforthechildrentoobey.A:____5____B:Theythinkitiswonderful.Itcanhelpthemfindgoodjobsandliveontheirown.A．Canyoutellmemoreabouttheprogram?B．Howdopeoplemanageit?C．Whatareyoudoing?D．Whatdothechildrenthinkoftheprogram?E．Isthereanythingspecialinthenewspaper?評卷人得分二、完形填空Asthesayinggoes,“Aheroisknowninthetimeofmisfortune(不幸)”.ZhongNanshanisaherolikethis.HeisadoctorinGuangdong,who____6____manypeople’slivesin2003.In2003,SARS____7____inGuangdong.Later,itspreadacrossChinaandotherpartsoftheworld.Patientscoughedalotandgotfevers.Hundredsof____8____evendiedfromthedisease.EvenmanydoctorsandnursesgotSARSwhentheytreatedpatients.Soeveryonewasafraidofit.ButZhongwas____9____enoughtofightagainstthedisease.Zhongspentdaysandnightstofindthecause____10____thedisease.Andwithhiswayoftreating,manypatientsbegantogetbetter.Zhongfinallywonpeople’strust.Attheendof2019,adiseasecalledCOVID-19(新型冠狀病毒肺炎)hitWuhan.Itspreadso____11____thataroundtensofthousandsofChinesepeoplewereinfected(感染).Zhong,84,led____12____teamtoWuhantofighttheillness.Zhong’steamtookmanymeasurestocurethepatientswithCOVID-19.Headvisedpeopletowearmasks,____13____handsfrequently(頻繁地),stayathomeandnottogotocrowdedplaces.Zhonglikessportsverymuch.____14____hewas67,hecouldstillplaybasketball.Nowattheageof84,Zhongstilltreatspatientsinthe____15____withyoungdoctors.“Iamjustadoctor.”Zhongsays.Butwethinkheisaheroandafighter.6．A．helped B．saved C．liked D．influenced7．A．tookout B．foundout C．gaveout D．brokeout8．A．patients B．a(chǎn)dults C．a(chǎn)nimals D．birds9．A．kind B．poor C．brave D．silent10．A．with B．to C．of D．in11．A．quickly B．slowly C．safely D．luckily12．A．my B．his C．her D．their13．A．weigh B．pollute C．shake D．wash14．A．When B．Although C．Unless D．Because15．A．school B．library C．hospital D．supermarket評卷人得分三、閱讀單選閱讀下面短文，選出能完成所給句子的最佳選項。Bullying(欺凌)canhappentoanyone.Agreatmanychildrenaroundtheworldarebulliedeveryyear,buttherearethingsthatcanbedonetohelp.Whatisbullying?Bullyingiswhensomeonemakesyoufeelbadorhurtsyouagainandagain.Bullyingcanhappenatschool,outofschoolandonline.Bullyingincludes:●callingpeoplemean(惡意的)names●laughingatpeople●tellingliesaboutpeople●takingsomeone’sthingswithoutpermission(允許)●notlettingsomeoneplayinagroup●hittingpeopleWhatiscyberbullying?Cyberbullyingincludes:●sendingbadmessagesonline●sharingphotosonlinewithoutpermission●notlettingsomeonebepartofanonlinegroup●spreadingliesonlineWhatcanyoudo?Ifsomeoneisnotkindtoyou,tellanadultwhatyouknowandlike.Forexample,talktoaparentorateacher.Ifyougetbadmessages,don’treply.Youshouldsavethemandgivethemtoyourteacher,yourfamily,orthepolice.Askanadultforhelp.Don’tsharesomethingbeforeyoumakesureitistrue.Thatwillhelpstopthecyberbullying.Talktoyourparentsorteacheroranadultifyouseebullyingorifyouareworriedaboutafriend.Saysorryifyouarenotkindtosomeone.Youcanwriteamessageortalktotheperson.Andalwaysremember:thinkabouthowtobekindinthefuture.Formoreinformation,visitourhomepageat.16．Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingarebullyingEXCEPT_________.A．callingpeoplemeannames B．hittingpeopleC．tellingliesaboutpeople D．laughingwithpeople17．Cyberbullyingmeansbullying_________.A．a(chǎn)tschool B．a(chǎn)thome C．onthestreet D．ontheInternet18．Whenyougetbadmessagesonline,youshould_________.A．sharethemwithfriends B．givethemtoyourteacherC．replytothematonce D．keepthemasyoursecrets19．Ifyouarenotkindtosomeone,youshould_________.A．saysorrytothatperson B．talkaboutitinpublicC．a(chǎn)skyourparentstosaysorry D．feelsadandkeepquiet20．Thispassageismainlywrittenfor_________.A．teachers B．parents C．children D．thepoliceEveryschoolhasitsownsetofrulestokeepstudentsdisciplined(遵守紀(jì)律的).Theruleschangefromoneschooltoanother.Someschoolsaremuchstricterthanothers.Therearealsosomerulesthatlookstrangeorfunnytous.Herearesomefunnyschoolrules.InJapan,mostschoolsdemand(要求)thatstudentswearuniforms,suchassportssuitsorskirts.ButmanyJapaneseschoolsevenregulate(規(guī)定)thecolourofunderwear(內(nèi)衣)!Theyalsodemandthatgirls’whitesocksbefoldedinacertainwayandboys’headsbeshaved(剃掉).AndJapaneseschoolsalsotellstudentsthattheymaynotdate(約會),gotomovies,leavehomeaftersunsetorplayvideogameswithoutpermissionfromtheschool.InAmerica,forsafetyatsomeschools,studentsmusthaveapairofindoorshoestochangeintoatschooleveryday.Thismakessurestudentswon’tfalloveronthewetfloorsandkeepstheschoolsclean.Gum(口香糖)chewingisnotallowedinmanyUSschoolbuildings,asitisdifficulttocleanup.Andifstudentschewguminclass,_______.InBritain,strangehairstylesarenotallowedinsomeschools.ButtheymightallowstudentstowearcertainhairstylesduringtheWorldCupyears.Twostudentshadaspecialdesignshavedintotheirhairduring2014WorldCup.Buttheywerenotacceptedbytheirschoolafterthatbecausetheschoolsaidtheruleshadchangedsincethen.21．Thetextmainlytalksabout_______.A．howforeignstudentskeepthemselvesdisciplinedB．howimportantschoolrulesbecomeC．howstrangesomeforeignschoolrulesareD．howforeignstudentsgetusedtotheirschoolrules22．InJapan,manyschoolsdon’tallowtheirstudentsto_______.A．shavetheirheads B．datewithoutpermissionC．wearsportssuits D．playbasketballathome23．Whichisthebestonetobeputintotheblankinthethirdparagraph?A．itishardtocleanupaswell B．theywillmaketoomuchnoiseC．itisunfairfortheotherswhodon’t D．theymaynotfocusontheirstudy24．Inwhichcountry,studentsareallowedtowearcertainhairstylesduringtheWorldCupyears?A．China. B．America. C．Britain. D．Japan.25．Fromthetextwecaninfer(推斷)_______.A．differentcountriesmayhavedifferentschoolrulesB．somefunnyschoolrulesareofrealuseC．schoolrulesintheUKarenotverystrictD．schoolrulesinJapanarebetterthanthoseintheUS評卷人得分四、多任務(wù)混合閱讀Takingyourdogforawalkcanbefuntodo.But(A)itcanalsobeadangertoothers.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),(B)over10millionpeopleinChinaarebittenbydogseveryyear.PeopleinBeijingandShanghaihavealreadybeenaskedtokeeptheirdogsonaleash（皮帶）.Later,asimilarlaw（法律）iscarriedoutacrossthecountry.ItislistedinthenewlyrewrittenAnimalQuarantineLaw.ThelawhasbeeninforcesinceMay1,2021.Thelawcentersonthepreventionofrabies（狂犬?。?Therabiesvirusismainlycarriedbydogs.Thelawmakesitclearthatanyonewhokeepsdogsmustregularlygetthemvaccinated（接種疫苗）.Thosewhowalktheirdogsoutdoorsmustkeeptheirdogsonaleashtopreventthemfromhurtingpeopleorspreadingdiseases（疾病）.Thosewhodon’tfollowthelawwillfaceafine（罰款）.(C)Inthepast,itwasuptodogownerswhethertogettheirdogsvaccinatedornot.Thismeantthatifsomeonewasbittenbyadog,heorshewouldhavetogotoahospitalandgettreatedandvaccinatedatonce.GaoFu,headofChina’sCenterforDiseaseControlandPrevention,saiditmakesmoresensetovaccinatedogsthanhumans.Manyotherdiseasescanalsospreadbetweenaanimalsandhumans.Accordingtoexperts,70percentofanimaldiseasescanbepassedontohumans.And75percentofallnewinfectioushumandiseasescomefromanimals.26．寫出(A)處畫線單詞指代的內(nèi)容。__________________________________________________________27．把文中(B)處畫線句子翻譯成漢語。__________________________________________________________28．把文中(C)處畫線句子翻譯成漢語。__________________________________________________________29．寫出《動物防疫法》的聚焦點(diǎn)。__________________________________________________________30．簡要概括本文大意。__________________________________________________________評卷人得分五、短文首字母填空Howmanyofyoudohouseholdchoresathome?It’sreportedthatfewteenagerswouldliketospendtimeonthem.Intheiropinion,it’sacompletew____31____oftime.Someeventhinktheyshouldbetakengoodcareofbytheirparentsallthetime.However,suchlifeskillsarereallynecessary.OnJune3,2020,theMinistryofEducation(MOE)producedadocument（文件）forhighschools.A____32____tothedocument,laboreducationislistedasacompulsory（必修的）c____33____forhighschoolstudents.Itwouldbeasi____34____astheforeignlanguageorphysics.Andeachofthemtakessixcredits（學(xué)分）.Voluntaryservice,aspartoflaboreducation,wouldtaketwocredits.TheMOEalsoasks