《機(jī)械專業(yè)英語unit》課件

Unit2

IndustrialRobots

工業(yè)機(jī)器人

－－KR3工業(yè)機(jī)器人Unit1Dialogue

Topicalintroduction:

TomandMaryarenowvisitinganindustrialrobotshowinauniversity.AyounggirlnamedMarcyisinchargeofshowingthevisitorsaround.Marcy:Ladiesandgentlemen,welcometoourindustrialrobotshow.I’mMarcyMargaret.Myjobistoshowyouaround.Youcanaskmeaboutanythingyoudonotunderstand.Mary:Howinterestingtoseesomanykindsofrobotshere.Excuseme,Marcy,butIwonderwhytheserobotsdonotlooklikenorbehavelikehumanbeings?Dialogue

Topicalintroduction2Marcy:Ah,Isee.Thepointhereisthatwhatweshowyouarenototherkindsofrobotsbutindustrialones.Weneedn’tmakethemlooklikeushumans.Mary:Well,Iunderstand.Nowcouldyoutellus

whattheseindustrialrobotscandoforus?Marcy:Sure.Theserobotscandomanythingsforus.Theycanhelpus,forexample,tohandlematerials,spraypaint,rescuepeoplefromthefire,andevenhelptoexploredeepoceansandouter-space.Tom:Uh,howgreatrobotsare!Butwhatmakesrobotsabletoworkforussomarvelously?

spraypainting噴涂marvelously奇跡般地,奇異地

Marcy:Ah,Isee.Thepointhe3Marcy:It’snothingelsebutthecomputerprograms.Robotsareaprogrammablemechanicalmanipulator.Beingprogrammedwithhumaninstructions,theycanmovealongseveraldirectionsanddofactoryworkusuallydonebyhumanbeings.Mary:Oh,that’swonderful.Butwhat’sthedifferencebetweenrobotandmyhandycalculatorormyhomewashingmachine,grammablemechanicalmanipulator可編程機(jī)械裝置Marcy:It’snothingelsebutt4Marcy:Okay,it’sacleverquestion.ButIthink,hereyoumixarobotwithanordinarywashingmachinebecauseyouforgetarobotcandoastand-aloneoperation,thatis,ratherindependentjobs,whileawashingmachinecan’t.So,whenwetalkaboutindustrialrobots,wemeanamachineordevice,whichissomethingreprogrammablewithitsownendeffector,whichcanperformafactorydutyinastand-alonemanner.Tom:Oh,Isee.Iguess,myautomaticwatchandmyhomewashingmachinecannotplaychesswithmewhilearobotcan.Marcy:That’sright.You’reacleverboy,Isee.Marcy:Okay,it’sacleverque5《機(jī)械專業(yè)英語unit》課件6

依利達(dá)工業(yè)機(jī)器人

KR3，KR180-1049

7《機(jī)械專業(yè)英語unit》課件8《機(jī)械專業(yè)英語unit》課件9Text

Industrialrobotsarebeginningnowtorevolutionizeindustry.Theserobotsdonotlookorbehavelikehumanbeings,buttheydotheworkofhumans.

工業(yè)機(jī)器人現(xiàn)在正開始對工業(yè)進(jìn)行一場革命。這些機(jī)器人的樣子和行為方式不很像人，但它們干的是人類的工作。revolutionizev.革命，革命性變革

TextIndustrialrobots10Robotsareparticularlyusefulinawidevarietyofapplications,suchasmaterialhandling,spraypainting,spotwelding,archwelding,inspection,andassembly,currentresearcheffortsfocusoncreatinga“smart”robotthatcan“see”,“hear,”and“touch”andconsequentlymakedecisions.機(jī)器人在十分廣泛多樣的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中具有特殊用途，例如進(jìn)行材料搬運(yùn)、噴涂、點(diǎn)焊、弧形焊接、檢測、組裝。當(dāng)前對機(jī)器人的研究集中致力于建造“精明的”，集“視”、“聽”和“觸摸”等功能于一身并能由此作出決定的機(jī)器人。awidevarietyof廣泛的sprayv.噴涂Robotsareparticularlyus11Thetechnologyofrobotsisrelatedto,butdifferssomewhatfrom,NCtechnologyinthatrobotseffecthighervelocityandmovementinmoreaxesofmotions.WhilewithNConlyapoint,namelytheendpointofthecutter,iscontrolledinthespace,withrobotsboththeendpointandorientationaremanipulated.Thisrequiresmoredegreesoffreedom,morepowerfulsoftware,andmoreeffectivecontrolalgorithms.機(jī)器人技術(shù)與數(shù)控技術(shù)有一定的關(guān)系，但與之不同之處在于機(jī)器人在更多軸向運(yùn)動中產(chǎn)生更高的速率和運(yùn)動。使用數(shù)控技術(shù)在一定空間內(nèi)所控制的只是一個點(diǎn)，也就是刀具的端點(diǎn)。但對于機(jī)器人來說，要同時控制端點(diǎn)和方向，因此需要更多的自由度、功能更強(qiáng)大的軟件，以及更為有效的控制算法。orientationn.方向，定位manipulatev.處理，操縱Thetechnologyofrobotsis12Basicconceptsinrobotics

Theindustrialrobotisaprogrammablemechanicalmanipulator,capableofmovingalongseveraldirections,equippedatitsendwithadevicecalledtheend-effector,andperformsfactoryworkordinarilydonebyhumanbeings.機(jī)器人技術(shù)的基本概念工業(yè)機(jī)器人是一種可編程機(jī)械操縱裝置，它能沿幾個方向運(yùn)動，其末端裝有稱作末端執(zhí)行器裝置，能從事通常情況下人類所進(jìn)行的工廠作業(yè)。

BasicconceptsinroboticsT13Thetermrobotisusedforamanipulatorthathasabuilt-incontrolsystemandiscapableofstand-aloneoperation.Webster’sdictionarydefinesarobotas“anymechanicaldeviceoperatedautomaticallytoperforminaseeminglyhumanway.”

機(jī)器人這一術(shù)語就是用來稱謂某種內(nèi)置控制系統(tǒng)并能進(jìn)行獨(dú)立作業(yè)的機(jī)械手。韋氏辭典給機(jī)器人下的定義是：“任何以類人方式進(jìn)行工作的、能自動運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的機(jī)械裝置”。inaseeminglyhumanway以類人的方式Thetermrobotisusedfor14Bythisdefinition,agaragedooropener,whichautomaticallyopensthedoorbyremotecontrolisalsoarobot.Obviouslythisisnotanindustrialrobot.TheRobotInstituteofAmerica(RIA)definestheindustrialrobotas“areprogrammablemulti-functionalmanipulatordesignedtomovematerial,parts,tools,orotherspecializeddevicesthroughvariableprogrammedmotionsfortheperformanceofavarietyoftasks.”按此定義，通過遙控可自動開啟車庫大門的裝置也稱作機(jī)器人。顯然，這種裝置不能不能算工業(yè)機(jī)器人。美國機(jī)器人研究院將工業(yè)機(jī)器人定義為“設(shè)計用來移動材料、零件、工具或其他專用裝置的可重復(fù)編程的多功能操縱器，它能通過各種編程動作進(jìn)行多種作業(yè)?！盉ythisdefinition,agara15Bythisdefinition,however,awashingmachineisalsoarobot.Thewashandrinsecyclesareprogrammableandthemachinemovesmaterialinrotarymotions.Therefore,adefinitionofanindustrialrobotmustincludethefollowingkeywords:programmablemanipulator,end-effector,factorywork,andstand-aloneoperation.

然而根據(jù)這一定義，洗衣機(jī)同樣也是一個機(jī)器人，因為清洗和漂凈周期是可編程的，洗衣機(jī)作旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動移動被清洗的衣物。因此，工業(yè)機(jī)器人的定義必須包括如下關(guān)鍵詞：可編程的操縱器、終端執(zhí)行器、工廠作業(yè)、獨(dú)立完成作業(yè)。

bythisdefinition根據(jù)該定義Bythisdefinition,howeve16

Ifoneormoreofthesekeywordsismissing,thenwashingmachine,trafficlights,specialpurposemechanismsandmanufacturingmachinesformassproductionaredefinedasrobotsaswell,andthisisnotourintention.如果丟掉這些關(guān)鍵詞中的一個或幾個的話，那么洗衣機(jī)、紅綠燈、專用機(jī)械和用于生產(chǎn)批量產(chǎn)品的制造機(jī)床都可以定義為機(jī)器人了，但這卻不是我們的本意所在。Ifoneormoreofthesekey17Ingeneral,thestructureofarobotmanipulatoriscomposedofamainframeandawristatitsend.Themainframeisfrequentlydenotedasthearm,andthemostdistalgroupofjointsaffectingthemotionoftheend-effectorisreferredtocollectivelyasthewrist.總而言之，機(jī)器人的結(jié)構(gòu)由主體構(gòu)架及一個在末端的腕組成。其主體構(gòu)架通常稱為手臂，而影響末端感應(yīng)器動作，離主體構(gòu)架距離最遠(yuǎn)的關(guān)節(jié)組則稱為腕。

mainframen.主框架collectivea.集體的，集合的Ingeneral,thestructure18Theend-effectorcanbeaweldinghead,aspraygun,amachiningtool,oragrippercontainingon-offjaws,dependinguponthespecificapplicationoftherobot.Eachofthesedevicesismountedattheendoftherobotandperformsthework,andthereforeisalsodenotedastherobottool.依機(jī)器人具體應(yīng)用之不同，末端執(zhí)行器可以是一個焊頭、一把噴槍、一個機(jī)器人加工刀具，或一個可以開、閉的鉗爪。上述每一個裝置都安裝在機(jī)器人的末端進(jìn)行作業(yè)，所以又稱之為“機(jī)器人工具”。Theend-effectorcanbea19Notes1.Currentresearcheffortsfocusoncreatinga“smart”robotthatcan“see”,“hear”,and“touch”andconsequentlymakedecisions.本句的意思是：當(dāng)前研究主要集中在建造能“看”、能“聽”能“觸摸”的“聰明的”機(jī)器人。此處的“smart”（聰明的）robot指的是我們通常所說的“智能型機(jī)器人”。2.grippercontainingon-offjaws上面裝有抓放機(jī)構(gòu)的鉗爪Notes1.Currentresearcheffor203.Ifoneormoreofthesekeywordsismissing,thenwashingmachines,trafficlights,specialpurposemechanismsandmanufacturingmachinesformassproductionaredefinedasrobotsaswell,andthisisnotourintention.本句是對韋伯斯特詞典（Webster’sdictionary）有關(guān)機(jī)器人定義的反駁，意思是：如果一個或多個關(guān)鍵詞被省略，那么洗衣機(jī)、紅綠燈、專用機(jī)床等都可以叫做機(jī)器人，這卻不是我們的本意所在。3.Ifoneormoreofthesekey21NewWordsandExpressionsalgorithm/'?lg?rie?m/n.算法axe/?ks/

n.軸consequently/'k?nsikw?ntli/adv.所以，因而denote/di'n?ut/v.記作，稱為gripper/'grip?/n.手爪jaw/d??:/n.爪鉗夾裝置rinse/rins/v.（將衣物）甩干velocity/vi'l?siti/n.速度，速率weld/weld/

n.焊接wrist/rist/n.腕，腕關(guān)節(jié)NewWordsandExpressionsalgor22bedefinedas（被）定義為beequippedwith安裝有……，裝備有……的behavelike舉止，行為像built-incontrolsystem內(nèi)置控制系統(tǒng)degreesoffreedom自由度differfrom與……不同endpointofthecutter末端切削刀具inaseeminglyhumanway以類人的方式industrialrobot工業(yè)機(jī)器人makedecision（做）決策materialhandling材料搬運(yùn)bedefinedas（被）定義為23remotecontrol遙控RIA---theRobotInstituteofAmerica美國機(jī)器人學(xué)會（研究所）specialpurposemechanisms專用機(jī)械裝置spotwelding點(diǎn)焊spraypainting噴涂weldinginspection焊接質(zhì)量檢驗programmablemechanicalmanipulator可編程機(jī)械裝置trafficlights紅綠燈weldinghead焊頭spraygun噴remotecontrol遙控24ExercisesWorkwithyourpartnertoanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Haveyoueverseenarealindustrialrobot?2.Doyouknowthedifferencebetweenanindustrialrobotandatoyrobot?3.Whyawashingmachinecannotbecalledarobot?4.Canyounamesometypicalend-effectors?5.Whattaskscananindustrialrobotdowhenequippedwithpropertools?6.CananNCmachinebecalledarobot?ExercisesWorkwithyourpartn25II.MatchthewordsortechnicaltermsinColumnAwiththeirdefinitionorexplanationsinColumnB.A1.elligentrobot3.manipulator4.remotecontrolgaragedooropener5.robottoolBa.end-effectorsuchasaweldinghead,aspraygun,oramachiningtoolb.mechanicalmechanismc.thatcanautomaticallyopenthedoorbyd.arobotthatcansee,hear,andtouche.aprogrammablemanipulator,equippedwiththeend-effector,capableofcarryingoutfactoryworkandstand-aloneoperationII.Matchthewordsortechnic26III.Choosethestatementthatisclosestinmeaningtowhatissaidinthetext.1.Accordingtothetext,spraypainting,spotweldingandassemblyare.a.thingsthatcanbedonebyrobotsb.variousrobotsc.technologies2.Arobotthatcansee,hear,touchandmakedecisionscanbecalleda(n)__________monc.good3.“This”inthelastsentenceofParagraph2isreferredto__________.a.therobotb.endpointofthecutterc.manipulatingtheendpointandorientationofrobot4.Thereare__________similardefinitionsgivenbythetext.a.twob.therec.fourIII.Choosethestatementthat275.Accordingtothetext,agaragedooropenerisnotan__________.a.equipmentb.industrialrobotc.automaticmachine6.Inauthor’sopinion,programmablemanipulator,end-effector,__________and__________arethekeywordsthatshouldbeincludedinadefinitionofanindustrialrobot.a.automatic,factoryworkb.stand-aloneoperation,performancec.factorywork,stand-aloneoperation7._________and_________constitutethestructureofarobotmanipulator.a.Amainframe,awristb.Thearm,amainframec.Theend-efftor,awrist8.Arobottoolischosenbasedon__________.a.theparticularapplicationoftherobotb.specificend-effectorc.weldinghead9.AllthefollowingaspectsaretrueaccordingtothetextEXCEPT_________.a.mostcurrentindustrialrobotsarenotsmartb.arobotiscomposedofamainframeandawristatitsendc.thetechnologyofrobotsismorecomplicatedthanNCtechnology5.Accordingtothetext,aga28IV.ReviewthetextandtranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChineseorEnglish.1.按這個定義2.行為舉止像人3.廣泛的應(yīng)用4.做決定5.智能機(jī)器人6.built-incontrolsystem7.inaseeminglyhumanway8.reprogrammablemulti-functionalmanipulator9.performanceofavarietyoftasks10.specialpurposemechanismIV.Reviewthetextandtransl29補(bǔ)充詞匯assemblyline組裝線

layout布置圖

conveyer流水線物料板

rivettable拉釘機(jī)

rivetgun拉釘槍

screwdriver起子

electricscrewdriver電動起子

pneumaticscrewdriver氣動起子

worktable工作桌

OOBA開箱檢查

fittogether組裝在一起

fasten鎖緊(螺絲)

fixture夾具(治具)

pallet棧板

barcode條碼

barcodescanner條碼掃描器

補(bǔ)充詞匯assemblyline組裝線

layout布置30fusetogether熔合

fusemachine熱熔機(jī)

operator作業(yè)員

QC品管

supervisor課長

ME制造工程師

cosmeticinspect外觀檢查

innerpartsinspect內(nèi)部檢查

bezelpanel面板

powerbutton電源按鍵

resetbutton重置鍵

Hi-pottestofSPS高源高壓測試

VoltageswitchofSPS電源電壓接拉鍵

sheetmetalparts沖件

plasticparts塑膠件

SOP制造作業(yè)程序

materialchecklist物料檢查表

workcell工作間fusetogether熔合

fusemachine熱31KeytotheExercises

II.MatchthewordsortechnicaltermsinColumnAwiththeirdefinitionorexplanationsinColumnB.1.e2.d3.b4.c5.aIII.Choosethestatementthatisclosestinmeaningtowhatissaidinthetext.

1.a2.a3.c4.b5.b6.c7.a8.a9.bIV.ReviewthetextandtranslatethefollowingphrasesintoChineseorEnglish

1.elligentrobot6.內(nèi)置控制系統(tǒng)7．以人類的方式8.可重新編碼的多功能操作器9.執(zhí)行各種任務(wù)10.特種用途的鋼KeytotheExercisesII.Match32

ThankYou!ThankYou!33

Unit2

IndustrialRobots

工業(yè)機(jī)器人

－－KR3工業(yè)機(jī)器人Unit34Dialogue

Topicalintroduction:

TomandMaryarenowvisitinganindustrialrobotshowinauniversity.AyounggirlnamedMarcyisinchargeofshowingthevisitorsaround.Marcy:Ladiesandgentlemen,welcometoourindustrialrobotshow.I’mMarcyMargaret.Myjobistoshowyouaround.Youcanaskmeaboutanythingyoudonotunderstand.Mary:Howinterestingtoseesomanykindsofrobotshere.Excuseme,Marcy,butIwonderwhytheserobotsdonotlooklikenorbehavelikehumanbeings?Dialogue

Topicalintroduction35Marcy:Ah,Isee.Thepointhereisthatwhatweshowyouarenototherkindsofrobotsbutindustrialones.Weneedn’tmakethemlooklikeushumans.Mary:Well,Iunderstand.Nowcouldyoutellus

whattheseindustrialrobotscandoforus?Marcy:Sure.Theserobotscandomanythingsforus.Theycanhelpus,forexample,tohandlematerials,spraypaint,rescuepeoplefromthefire,andevenhelptoexploredeepoceansandouter-space.Tom:Uh,howgreatrobotsare!Butwhatmakesrobotsabletoworkforussomarvelously?

spraypainting噴涂marvelously奇跡般地,奇異地

Marcy:Ah,Isee.Thepointhe36Marcy:It’snothingelsebutthecomputerprograms.Robotsareaprogrammablemechanicalmanipulator.Beingprogrammedwithhumaninstructions,theycanmovealongseveraldirectionsanddofactoryworkusuallydonebyhumanbeings.Mary:Oh,that’swonderful.Butwhat’sthedifferencebetweenrobotandmyhandycalculatorormyhomewashingmachine,grammablemechanicalmanipulator可編程機(jī)械裝置Marcy:It’snothingelsebutt37Marcy:Okay,it’sacleverquestion.ButIthink,hereyoumixarobotwithanordinarywashingmachinebecauseyouforgetarobotcandoastand-aloneoperation,thatis,ratherindependentjobs,whileawashingmachinecan’t.So,whenwetalkaboutindustrialrobots,wemeanamachineordevice,whichissomethingreprogrammablewithitsownendeffector,whichcanperformafactorydutyinastand-alonemanner.Tom:Oh,Isee.Iguess,myautomaticwatchandmyhomewashingmachinecannotplaychesswithmewhilearobotcan.Marcy:That’sright.You’reacleverboy,Isee.Marcy:Okay,it’sacleverque38《機(jī)械專業(yè)英語unit》課件39

依利達(dá)工業(yè)機(jī)器人

KR3，KR180-1049

40《機(jī)械專業(yè)英語unit》課件41《機(jī)械專業(yè)英語unit》課件42Text

Industrialrobotsarebeginningnowtorevolutionizeindustry.Theserobotsdonotlookorbehavelikehumanbeings,buttheydotheworkofhumans.

工業(yè)機(jī)器人現(xiàn)在正開始對工業(yè)進(jìn)行一場革命。這些機(jī)器人的樣子和行為方式不很像人，但它們干的是人類的工作。revolutionizev.革命，革命性變革

TextIndustrialrobots43Robotsareparticularlyusefulinawidevarietyofapplications,suchasmaterialhandling,spraypainting,spotwelding,archwelding,inspection,andassembly,currentresearcheffortsfocusoncreatinga“smart”robotthatcan“see”,“hear,”and“touch”andconsequentlymakedecisions.機(jī)器人在十分廣泛多樣的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域中具有特殊用途，例如進(jìn)行材料搬運(yùn)、噴涂、點(diǎn)焊、弧形焊接、檢測、組裝。當(dāng)前對機(jī)器人的研究集中致力于建造“精明的”，集“視”、“聽”和“觸摸”等功能于一身并能由此作出決定的機(jī)器人。awidevarietyof廣泛的sprayv.噴涂Robotsareparticularlyus44Thetechnologyofrobotsisrelatedto,butdifferssomewhatfrom,NCtechnologyinthatrobotseffecthighervelocityandmovementinmoreaxesofmotions.WhilewithNConlyapoint,namelytheendpointofthecutter,iscontrolledinthespace,withrobotsboththeendpointandorientationaremanipulated.Thisrequiresmoredegreesoffreedom,morepowerfulsoftware,andmoreeffectivecontrolalgorithms.機(jī)器人技術(shù)與數(shù)控技術(shù)有一定的關(guān)系，但與之不同之處在于機(jī)器人在更多軸向運(yùn)動中產(chǎn)生更高的速率和運(yùn)動。使用數(shù)控技術(shù)在一定空間內(nèi)所控制的只是一個點(diǎn)，也就是刀具的端點(diǎn)。但對于機(jī)器人來說，要同時控制端點(diǎn)和方向，因此需要更多的自由度、功能更強(qiáng)大的軟件，以及更為有效的控制算法。orientationn.方向，定位manipulatev.處理，操縱Thetechnologyofrobotsis45Basicconceptsinrobotics

Theindustrialrobotisaprogrammablemechanicalmanipulator,capableofmovingalongseveraldirections,equippedatitsendwithadevicecalledtheend-effector,andperformsfactoryworkordinarilydonebyhumanbeings.機(jī)器人技術(shù)的基本概念工業(yè)機(jī)器人是一種可編程機(jī)械操縱裝置，它能沿幾個方向運(yùn)動，其末端裝有稱作末端執(zhí)行器裝置，能從事通常情況下人類所進(jìn)行的工廠作業(yè)。

BasicconceptsinroboticsT46Thetermrobotisusedforamanipulatorthathasabuilt-incontrolsystemandiscapableofstand-aloneoperation.Webster’sdictionarydefinesarobotas“anymechanicaldeviceoperatedautomaticallytoperforminaseeminglyhumanway.”

機(jī)器人這一術(shù)語就是用來稱謂某種內(nèi)置控制系統(tǒng)并能進(jìn)行獨(dú)立作業(yè)的機(jī)械手。韋氏辭典給機(jī)器人下的定義是：“任何以類人方式進(jìn)行工作的、能自動運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的機(jī)械裝置”。inaseeminglyhumanway以類人的方式Thetermrobotisusedfor47Bythisdefinition,agaragedooropener,whichautomaticallyopensthedoorbyremotecontrolisalsoarobot.Obviouslythisisnotanindustrialrobot.TheRobotInstituteofAmerica(RIA)definestheindustrialrobotas“areprogrammablemulti-functionalmanipulatordesignedtomovematerial,parts,tools,orotherspecializeddevicesthroughvariableprogrammedmotionsfortheperformanceofavarietyoftasks.”按此定義，通過遙控可自動開啟車庫大門的裝置也稱作機(jī)器人。顯然，這種裝置不能不能算工業(yè)機(jī)器人。美國機(jī)器人研究院將工業(yè)機(jī)器人定義為“設(shè)計用來移動材料、零件、工具或其他專用裝置的可重復(fù)編程的多功能操縱器，它能通過各種編程動作進(jìn)行多種作業(yè)。”Bythisdefinition,agara48Bythisdefinition,however,awashingmachineisalsoarobot.Thewashandrinsecyclesareprogrammableandthemachinemovesmaterialinrotarymotions.Therefore,adefinitionofanindustrialrobotmustincludethefollowingkeywords:programmablemanipulator,end-effector,factorywork,andstand-aloneoperation.

然而根據(jù)這一定義，洗衣機(jī)同樣也是一個機(jī)器人，因為清洗和漂凈周期是可編程的，洗衣機(jī)作旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動移動被清洗的衣物。因此，工業(yè)機(jī)器人的定義必須包括如下關(guān)鍵詞：可編程的操縱器、終端執(zhí)行器、工廠作業(yè)、獨(dú)立完成作業(yè)。

bythisdefinition根據(jù)該定義Bythisdefinition,howeve49

Ifoneormoreofthesekeywordsismissing,thenwashingmachine,trafficlights,specialpurposemechanismsandmanufacturingmachinesformassproductionaredefinedasrobotsaswell,andthisisnotourintention.如果丟掉這些關(guān)鍵詞中的一個或幾個的話，那么洗衣機(jī)、紅綠燈、專用機(jī)械和用于生產(chǎn)批量產(chǎn)品的制造機(jī)床都可以定義為機(jī)器人了，但這卻不是我們的本意所在。Ifoneormoreofthesekey50Ingeneral,thestructureofarobotmanipulatoriscomposedofamainframeandawristatitsend.Themainframeisfrequentlydenotedasthearm,andthemostdistalgroupofjointsaffectingthemotionoftheend-effectorisreferredtocollectivelyasthewrist.總而言之，機(jī)器人的結(jié)構(gòu)由主體構(gòu)架及一個在末端的腕組成。其主體構(gòu)架通常稱為手臂，而影響末端感應(yīng)器動作，離主體構(gòu)架距離最遠(yuǎn)的關(guān)節(jié)組則稱為腕。

mainframen.主框架collectivea.集體的，集合的Ingeneral,thestructure51Theend-effectorcanbeaweldinghead,aspraygun,amachiningtool,oragrippercontainingon-offjaws,dependinguponthespecificapplicationoftherobot.Eachofthesedevicesismountedattheendoftherobotandperformsthework,andthereforeisalsodenotedastherobottool.依機(jī)器人具體應(yīng)用之不同，末端執(zhí)行器可以是一個焊頭、一把噴槍、一個機(jī)器人加工刀具，或一個可以開、閉的鉗爪。上述每一個裝置都安裝在機(jī)器人的末端進(jìn)行作業(yè)，所以又稱之為“機(jī)器人工具”。Theend-effectorcanbea52Notes1.Currentresearcheffortsfocusoncreatinga“smart”robotthatcan“see”,“hear”,and“touch”andconsequentlymakedecisions.本句的意思是：當(dāng)前研究主要集中在建造能“看”、能“聽”能“觸摸”的“聰明的”機(jī)器人。此處的“smart”（聰明的）robot指的是我們通常所說的“智能型機(jī)器人”。2.grippercontainingon-offjaws上面裝有抓放機(jī)構(gòu)的鉗爪Notes1.Currentresearcheffor533.Ifoneormoreofthesekeywordsismissing,thenwashingmachines,trafficlights,specialpurposemechanismsandmanufacturingmachinesformassproductionaredefinedasrobotsaswell,andthisisnotourintention.本句是對韋伯斯特詞典（Webster’sdictionary）有關(guān)機(jī)器人定義的反駁，意思是：如果一個或多個關(guān)鍵詞被省略，那么洗衣機(jī)、紅綠燈、專用機(jī)床等都可以叫做機(jī)器人，這卻不是我們的本意所在。3.Ifoneormoreofthesekey54NewWordsandExpressionsalgorithm/'?lg?rie?m/n.算法axe/?ks/

n.軸consequently/'k?nsikw?ntli/adv.所以，因而denote/di'n?ut/v.記作，稱為gripper/'grip?/n.手爪jaw/d??:/n.爪鉗夾裝置rinse/rins/v.（將衣物）甩干velocity/vi'l?siti/n.速度，速率weld/weld/

n.焊接wrist/rist/n.腕，腕關(guān)節(jié)NewWordsandExpressionsalgor55bedefinedas（被）定義為beequippedwith安裝有……，裝備有……的behavelike舉止，行為像built-incontrolsystem內(nèi)置控制系統(tǒng)degreesoffreedom自由度differfrom與……不同endpointofthecutter末端切削刀具inaseeminglyhumanway以類人的方式industrialrobot工業(yè)機(jī)器人makedecision（做）決策materialhandling材料搬運(yùn)bedefinedas（被）定義為56remotecontrol遙控RIA---theRobotInstituteofAmerica美國機(jī)器人學(xué)會（研究所）specialpurposemechanisms專用機(jī)械裝置spotwelding點(diǎn)焊spraypainting噴涂weldinginspection焊接質(zhì)量檢驗programmablemechanicalmanipulator可編程機(jī)械裝置trafficlights紅綠燈weldinghead焊頭spraygun噴remotecontrol遙控57ExercisesWorkwithyourpartnertoanswerthefollowingquestions.1.Haveyoueverseenarealindustrialrobot?2.Doyouknowthedifferencebetweenanindustrialrobotandatoyrobot?3.Whyawashingmachinecannotbecalledarobot?4.Canyounamesometypicalend-effectors?5.Whattaskscananindustrialrobotdowhenequippedwithpropertools?6.CananNCmachinebecalledarobot?ExercisesWorkwithyourpartn58II.MatchthewordsortechnicaltermsinColumnAwiththeirdefinitionorexplanationsinColumnB.A1.elligentrobot3.manipulator4.remotecontrolgaragedooropener5.robottoolBa.end-effectorsuchasaweldinghead,aspraygun,oramachiningtoolb.mechanicalmechanismc.thatcanautomaticallyopenthedoorbyd.arobotthatcansee,hear,andtouche.aprogrammablemanipulator,equippedwiththeend-effector,capableofcarryingoutfactoryworkandstand-aloneoperationII.Matchthewordsortechnic59III.Choosethestatementthatisclosestinmeaningtowhatissaidinthetext.1.Accordingtothetext,spraypainting,spotweldingandassemblyare.a.thingsthatcanbedonebyrobotsb.variousrobotsc.technologies2.Arobotthatcansee,hear,touchandmakedecisionscanbecalleda(n)__________monc.good3.“This”inthelastsentenceofParagraph2isreferredto__________.a.therobotb.endpointofthecutterc.manipulatingtheendpointandorientationofrobot4.Thereare__________similardefinitionsgivenbythetext.a.twob.therec.fourIII.Choosethestatementt