2017年6月英語六級真題第2套

2017年6月英語六級真題（第二套）PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Supposeyouareaskedtogiveadviceonwhethertoattendcollegeathomeorabroad,writeanessaytostateyouropinion.Youarerequiredtowriteatlea1s5t0wordsbutnomorethan200words.ListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD.)ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteroAnnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Hewouldfeelinsulted.B)Hewouldfeelverysad.C)Hewouldbeembarrassed.D)Hewouldbedisappointed.A)Theyareworthyofaprize.B)Theyareoflittlevalue.C)Theymakegoodreading.D)Theyneedimprovement.A)Heseldomwritesabookstraightthrough.B)Hewritesseveralbookssimultaneously.C)Hedrawsonhisreal-lifeexperiences.D)Heoftenturnstohiswifeforhelp.A)Writingabookisjustlikewatchingafootballmatch.B)Writersactuallyworkeverybitashardasfootballers.C)Helikeswatchingafootballmatchafterfinishingabook.D)Unlikeafootballmatch,thereisnoendtowritingabook.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Achievementsofblackmaleathletesincollege.B)Financialassistancetoblackathletesincollege.C)Highcollegedropoutratesamongblackathletes.D)Undergraduateenrollmentsofblackathletes.A)Theydisplaygreattalentineverykindofgame.B)Theyarebetteratsportsthanatacademicwork.C)Theyhavedifficultyfindingmoneytocompletetheirstudies.D)Theymakemoneyforthecollegebutoftenfailtoearnadegree.A)About15%.B)Around40%.C)Slightlyover50%.D)Approximately70%.A)Coacheslacktheincentivetograduatethem.B)Collegedegreesdonotcountmuchtothem.C)Theyhavelittleinterestinacademicwork.D)Schoolsdonotdeemitaseriousproblem.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD.)ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteroAnnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Marketingstrategies.B)Holidayshopping.C)Shoppingmalls.D)Onlinestores.A)About50%ofholidayshoppers.About20%—30%ofholidayshoppers.C)About136million.D)About183.8million.A)Theyhavefewercustomers.B)Theyfindithardtosurvive.C)Theyarethrivingoncemore.D)Theyappealtoelderlycustomers.A)Betterqualityofconsumergoods.B)Higheremploymentandwages.C)Greatervarietiesofcommodities.D)Peoplehavingmoreleisuretime.Questions13to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyarenewspeciesofbiginsects.B)Theyareoverprescribedantibiotics.C)Theyarelife-threateningdiseases.D)Theyareantibiotic-resistantbacteria.A)Antibioticsarenowinshortsupply.B)Manyinfectionsarenolongercurable.C)Largeamountsoftaxmoneyarewasted.D)Routineoperationshavebecomecomplex.A)Facilities.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicmeasrkedA),B),C),andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Itisaccessibleonlytothetalented.B)Itimprovesstudents’abilitytothink.C)Itstartsalifelonglearningprocess.D)Itgivesbirthtomanyeminentscholars.A)Theyencourageacademicdemocracy.B)Theypromoteglobalization.C)Theyupholdthepresidents’authority.D)Theyprotectstudents’rights.A)Histhirstforknowledge.B)Hiseagernesstofindajob.C)Hiscontemptforauthority.D)Hispotentialforleadership.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Fewpeopleknowhowtoretrieveinformationproperly.B)Peoplecanenhancetheirmemorywithafewtricks.C)Mostpeoplehavearatherpoorlong-termmemory.D)Peopletendtounderestimatetheirmentalpowers.A)Theypresentthestatesinasurprisinglydifferentorder.B)Theyincludemoreorlessthesamenumberofstates.C)Theyareexactlythesameasisshownintheatlas.D)Theycontainnamesofthemostfamiliarstates.A)Focusingonwhatislikelytobetested.B)Havingagoodsleepthenightbefore.C)Reviewingyourlessonswheretheexamistotakeplace.D)Makingsensibledecisionswhilechoosingyouranswers.A)Discoverwhenyoucanlearnbest.B)Changeyourtimeofstudydaily.C)Giveyourselfadoublebonusafterwards.D)Followtheexampleofamarathonrunner.Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.A)Heisapolitician.B)Heisabusinessman.C)Heisasociologist.D)Heisaneconomist.A)Inslums.B)InAfrica.C)Inpre-industrialsocieties.D)Indevelopingcountries.A)Theyhavenoaccesstohealthcare,letaloneentertainmentorrecreation.B)Theirincomeislessthan50%ofthenationalaveragefamilyincome.C)Theyworkextrahourstohavetheirbasicneedsmet.D)Theirchildrencannotaffordtogotoprivateschools.ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.AfterbecomingpresidentofPurdueUniversityin2013,MitchDanielsaskedthefacultytoprovethattheirstudentshaveactuallyachievedoneofhighereducation’smostimportantgoals:criticalthinkingskills.Twoyearsbefore,anationwidestudyofcollegegraduateshadshownthatmorethanathirdhadmadeno26gainsinsuchmentalabilitiesduringtheirschoolyears.Mr.Daniels,neededto27thehighcostofattendingPurduetoitsstudentsandtheirfamilies.Afterall,thepercentageofAmericanswhosayacollegedegreeis“veryimportant”hasfallen28inthelast5-6years.Purduenowhasapilottesttoassessthecriticalthinkingskillsofstudentsastheyprogress.YetlikemanycollegeteachersaroundtheUnitedStates,thefacultyremain29thattheirworkaseducatorscanbemeasuredbya“l(fā)earning30suchasagraduate'sabilitytoinvestigateandreason”.Howevertheprofessorscanuse31metricstomeasurehowwellstudentsdointhreekeyareas:criticalthinking,writtencommunication,andquantitativeliteracy.Despitethesuccessoftheexperiment,theactualresultsareworrisome,andmostly32earlierstudies.Theorganizersoftheexperimentconcludedthatfarfewerstudentswere“achievingathighlevelsonacriticalthinkingthantheyweredoingforwrittencommunicationorquantitativeliteracy”.Andthatconclusionisbasedonlyonstudentsnearinggraduation.Americanuniversities,despitetheirglobal33forexcellenceinteaching,haveonlybeguntodemonstratewhattheycanproduceinreal-worldlearning.Knowledge-baseddegreesarestillimportant.Butemployersare34advancedthinkingskillsfromcollegegraduate.Iftheintellectualworthofacollegedegreecanbe35measured,morepeoplewillseekhighereducation—andcomeoutbetterthinkers.accuratelyI)predominanceconfirmJ)presumingdemandingK)reputationdoubtfulL)significantdrasticallyM)signifyjustifyN)simultaneouslymonopolizedO)standardizedoutcomeSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.EliteMathCompetitionsStruggletoDiversifyTheirTalentPoolInterestinelitehighschoolmathcompetitionshasgrowninrecentyears,andinlightoflastsummer’sU.S.winattheInternationalMathOlympiad—thefirstforanAmericanteaminmorethantwodecades—thetrendislikelytocontinue.Butwillsuchcontests,whichareoverwhelminglydominatedbyAsianandwhitestudentsfrommiddle-classandaffluentfamilies,becomeanymorediverse?Manysocialandculturalfactorsplayrolesindeterminingwhichpromisingstudentsgetonthepathtowardinternationalmathrecognition.Buteffortsareinplacetoexposemoreblack,Hispanic,andlow-incomestudentstoadvancedmath,inthehopethatthedemographicpoolofhigh-levelcontenderswilleventuallybegintoshiftandbecomelessinsular.“Thechallengeisifcertaintypesofpeoplearedoingsomething,it’sdifficultforotherpeopletobreakintoit,”saidPo-ShenLoh,theheadcoachoflastyear’swinningU.S.MathOlympiadteamandanassociateprofessorofmathematicsatCarnegieMellonUniversity.Participationgrowsthroughfriendsandnetworksandif“yourealizethat’showthey’regrowing,youcanstarttotakeaction”andbringinotherstudents,hesaid.Mostofthetrainingforadvanced-mathcompetitionshappensoutsidetheconfinesofthenormalschoolday.Studentsattendafter-schoolclubs,summercamps,onlineforumsandclasses,anduniversity-based“mathcircles”,ormathematician-ledgroups,toprepareforthepaper-basedandface-to-facecompetitions.Oneofthelargestfeedersforhighschoolmathcompetitions—includingthosethateventuallyleadtotheInternationalMathOlympiad—isamiddleschoolprogramcalledMATHCOUNTS.About100,000studentsaroundthecountryparticipateintheprogram’scompetitionseries,whichculminatesinanationalgame-show-stylecontestheldeachMay.ThemostrecentonetookplacelastweekinWashington.Studentsjoinateamthroughtheirschools,whichprovideavolunteercoachandpayanominalfeetosendstudentstoregionalandstatecompetitions.The224studentswhomakeittothenationalcompetitiongetanall-expenses-paidtrip.Nearlyallmembersoflastyear’swinningU.S.IMOteamtookpartinMATHCOUNTSasmiddleschoolstudents—asdidLoh,thecoach.“Middleschoolisanimportantagebecausestudentshaveenoughmathcapabilitytosolveadvancedproblems,buttheyhaven’treallydecidedwhattheywanttodowiththeirlives,”saidLoh.“Theyoftengethookedthen.”Anotherinfluentialfeederforadvanced-mathstudentsisanonlineschoolcalledArtofProblemSolving,whichbeganabout13yearsagoandnowhas15,000users.Studentsuseforumstochat,playgames,andsolveproblemstogetheratnocost,ortheycanpayafewhundreddollarstotakecourseswithtrainedteachers.AccordingtoRichardRusczyk,thecompanyfounder,thesixU.S.teammemberswhocompetedattheInternationalMathOlympiadlastyearcollectivelytookmorethan40coursesonthesite.Parentsofadvanced-mathstudentsandMATHCOUNTScoachessaythechildrenareonthewebsiteconstantly.Therearealsodozensofsummercamps—manyattachedtouniversities—thataimtoprepareelitemathstudents.Somearepricey—athree-week,intensiveprogramcancost$4,500ormore—butmostofferscholarships.TheMathOlympiadSummerTrainingProgram—thethree-weekmathcampheldbytheMathematicalAssociationofAmericathatleadsstraighttotheinternationalchampionship—isfreeforthosewhomakeit.Onlyabout50studentsareinvitedbasedontheirperformanceonwrittentestsandattheUSAMathOlympiad.Studentsinuniversitytownsmayalsohaveaccesstoanotherleverforinvolvementinacceleratedmath:mathcircles.Inthesegroups,whichcameoutofanEasternEuropeantraditionofdevelopingyoungtalent,professorsteachpromisingK-12studentsadvancedmathematicsforseveralhoursafterschooloronweekends.TheLosAngelesMathCircle,heldattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,beganin2007with20studentsandnowhasmorethan250.AccordingtoMarkSaul,thedirectorofcompetitionsfortheMathematicalAssociationofAmerica,notasingleAfrican-AmericanorHispanicstudent—andonlyahandfulofgirls—hasevermadeittotheMathOlympiadteaminits50yearsofexistence.Manyschoolssimplydon’tprioritizeacademiccompetitions.“Doyouknowwhowehavetobeat?”askedSaul.“Thefootballteam,thebasketballteam—that’sourcompetitionforresources,studenttime,attention,schooldollars,parentefforts,schoolenthusiasm.”AccordingtoLouDiGioia,theprogram’sexecutivedirector,thoseconnectionsoftenlastwellintohighschool,andbeyond.“KidsattheMATHCOUNTSnationalcompetitionareinthetopechelonofmathintelligence—they’rejustintheirownworld.It’sgreatforthemtocometogetherandhaveanetworkofpeople.”Thereisadownsidetothesocialaspectofadvanced-mathcompetitions:Itcanbreedinsularcommunities.ANewYorkCity-basednonprofitcalledBridgetoEnterMathematicsrunsaresidentialsummerprogramaimedatgettingunderserved,mostlyblackandHispanicstudentsworkingtowardmathandsciencecareers.Thesummerafter7thgrade,studentsspendthreeweeksonacollegecampusstudyingadvancedmathforsevenhoursaday.Overthenextfiveyears,thegrouphelpsthestudentsgetintootherelitesummermathprograms,high-performinghighschools,andeventuallycollege.About250studentssofarhavegonethroughtheprogram,whichreceivesfundingfromtheJackKentCookeFoundation.(Thefoundationalsosupportssomecoverageoflow-income,high-achievingstudentsinEducationWeek.)“Ifyoulookatalotoflow-incomecommunitiesintheUnitedStates,thereareprogramsthatareservingthem,butthey’reprimarilycenteredaround,‘Let’sgetthesekids’gradesup,’andnotaround,‘Let’sgetthesekidsaccesstothesamekindsofopportunitiesasmore-affluentkids,’”saidDanielZaharopol,thefounderandexecutivedirectoroftheprogram.“We’retryingtocreatethatpathway.”Studentsapplytotheprogramdirectlythroughtheirschools.“Wewanttoreachparentswhoarenotpluggedintothesystem,”saidZaharopol.Middleschoolisacrucialperiodwhenstudentsmaybecomekeenlyinterestedinadvancedmathematics.ElitehighschoolmathcompetitionsareattractingmoreinterestthroughouttheUnitedStates.Mathcirclesprovidestudentswithaccesstoadvanced-mathtrainingbyuniversityprofessors.Studentsmaytakeadvantageofonlineresourcestolearntosolvemathproblems.Thesummerprogramrunbyanonprofitorganizationhashelpedmanyunderservedstudentslearnadvancedmath.Winnersoflocalcontestswillparticipateinthenationalmathcompetitionforfree.Manyschoolsdon’tplaceacademiccompetitionsatthetopoftheirprioritylist.ContestantsofelitehighschoolmathcompetitionsaremostlyAsianandwhitestudentsfromwell-offfamilies.Somemathtrainingprogramsprimarilyfocusonraisingstudents’mathscore.Someintensivesummerprogramsareveryexpensivebutmostofthemprovidescholarships.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.WelivetodayinindebtedtoMcCardell,Cashin,Hawes,Wilkins,andMaxwell,andotherwomenwholiberatedAmericanfashionfromtheconfinesofParisiandesign.Independencecameintrying,wrapping,storing,harmonizing,andrationalizingthatwardrobe.Thesedesignersestablishedthemoderndresscode,lettingplaysuitsandotheractivewearoutfitssufficeforcasualclosing,allowingpantstoenterthewardrobe,andprizingrationalismandversatilityindress,incontradictiontodressingforanoccasionorallotmentoftheday.FashioninAmericawaslogicalandanswerabletothewillofwomenwhoworeit.Implicitlyorexplicitly,Americanfashionaddressedademocracy,whereastraditionalParis-basedfashionwasprescriptiveandimposedonwomen,willingornot.Inanearliertime,AmericanfashionhadalsofollowedthedictatesofParis,orevencopiedandpiratedspecificFrenchdesigns.DesignersportswearwasnotmodeledonthatofEurope,as“modernart”wouldlaterbe;itwasgenuinelyinventedanddevelopedinAmerica.Itsdesignerswerenothigh-endedwithsupplementarylines.Thedesignobjectiveandthebusinesscommitmentweretosportswear,andthedistinctivetraitswereproblem-solvingingenuityandrealisticlifestyleapplications.Easeofcarewasmostimportant:summerdressesandoutfits,inparticular,werechieflycotton,readilycapableofbeingwashedandpressedinhome.Closingsweresimple,practical,andaccessible,asthemodernwomandependedonnopersonalmaidtodressher.Americandesignerspricedresourcefulnessandthefreedomofwomenwhoworeclothing.Manyhavearguedthatthewomendesignersofthistimewereabletoprojecttheirownclothingvaluesintoanewstyle.Ofcourse,muchofthisargumentinthe1930s-40swasadvancedbecausetherewaslittleornoexperienceinjustifyingapparel(服裝)onthebasisofutility.IfPariswascastaside,thetraditionofbeautywasalsotosomedegreeslighted.Designersportswearwouldhavetobeverifiedbyastandardotherthanthatofpurebeauty;theemulationofadesigner’slifeindesignersportswearwasacrudeversionofthisrelationship.Theconsumerwasultimatelytobementionedaswell,especiallybythelikesofDorothyShaver,whocouldpointtothesalesfiguresatLord&Taylor.CouldutilityalonejustifythenewideasofAmericandesigners?Fashionisoftenregardedasapursuitofbeauty,andsomecherishedfashion’strivialrelationshiptothefinearts.WhatthedesignersofAmericansportswearprovedwasthatfashionisagenuinedesignart,answeringtothedemandingneedsofservice.Ofcoursethesepractical,insightfuldesignershavedeterminedthecourseoflatetwentieth-centuryfashion.Theywerethepioneersofgenderequity,intheiruseful,adaptableclothing,whichwasbothmadeforthemassesandcapableofself-expression.WhatcontributiondidthewomendesignersmaketoAmericanfashion?A)TheymadesomeimprovementsontraditionalParisiandesign.B)TheyformulatedadresscodewithdistinctiveAmericanfeatures.C)Theycameupwithabrandnewsetofdesignprocedures.D)Theymadeoriginalityatoppriorityintheirfashiondesign.WhatdowelearnaboutAmericandesignersportswear?A)ItimitatedtheEuropeanmodel.B)Itlaidemphasisonwomen’sbeauty.C)ItrepresentedgenuineAmericanart.D)Itwasacompletelynewinvention.WhatcharacterizedAmericandesignersportswear?A)Pursuitofbeauty.B)Easeofcare.C)Decorativeclosings.D)Fabricquality.Whatoccurredinthedesignofwomen’sapparelinAmericanduring1930s-40s?A)Ashiftofemphasisfrombeautytoutility.B)TheemulationoftraditionalParisiandesign.C)Asearchforbalancebetweentraditionandnovelty.D)Theinvolvementofmorewomeninfashiondesign.WhatdowelearnaboutdesignersofAmericansportswear?A)Theycateredtothetasteoftheyoungergeneration.B)Theyradicallychangedpeople’sconceptofbeauty.C)Theyadvocatedequitybetweenmenandwomen.D)TheybecamerivalsoftheirParisiancounterparts.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Massiverubbishdumpsandsprawlinglandfillscontributetooneofthemoreuncomfortableimpactsthathumanshaveonwildlife.Theyhaveledsomebirdstogiveuponmigration.Insteadofflyingthousandsofmilesinsearchoffood,theymakethewastesitestheirwinterfeedinggrounds.ResearchersinGermanyusedminiatureGPStagstotrackthemigrationsof70whitestorks(鸛)fromdifferentsitesacrossEuropeandAsiaduringthefirstfivemonthsoftheirlives.Whilemanybirdstravelledalongwell-knownroutestowarmerclimates,othersstoppedshortandspentthewinteronlandfills,feedingonfoodwaste,andthemultitudesofinsectsthatthriveonthedumps.Intheshort-term,thebirdsseemtobenefitfromoverwintering(過冬)onrubbishdumps.AndreaFlackoftheMaxPlanckInstitutefoundthatbirdsfollowingtraditionalmigrationroutesweremorelikelytodiethanGermanstorksthatflewonlyasfarasnorthernMorocco,andspentthewinterthereonrubbishdumps.“Forthebirdsit’saveryconvenientwaytogetfood.Therearehugeclustersoforganicwastetheycanfeedon,”saidFlack.Themealsarenotparticularlyappetising,orevensafe.Muchofthewasteisdiscardedrottenmeat,mixedinwithotherhumandebrissuchasplasticbagsandoldtoys.“It’sveryrisky.Thebirdscaneasilyeatpiecesofplasticorrubberbandsandtheycandie,”saidFlack.“Andwedon’tknowaboutthelong-termconsequences.Theymighteatsomethingtoxicanddamagetheirhealth.Wecannotestimatethatyet.ThescientiststrackedwhitestorksfromdifferentcoloniesinEuropeandAfrica.TheRussian,GreekandPolishstorksflewasfarasSouthAfrica,whilethosefromSpain,TunisiaandGermanyflewonlyasfarastheSahel.LandfillsitesontheIberianPeninsulahavelongattractedlocalwhitestorks,nutalloftheSpanishbirdstaggedinthestudyflewacrosstheSaharadeserttothewesternSahel.Writinginthejournal,thescientistsdescrib