高一英語必修三unit4學案

PAGEPAGE18Relax!Bepatientandenjoyyourself.Learningforeignlanguagesshouldbefun.放松點！要有耐心，并讓自己快樂！學習英語應該其樂無窮！2013—03—06Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars高一年級英語組王學杰2014-03-06單元目標：1.知識目標：掌握本單元單元要點預覽中的重點單詞，短語和重要句型；掌握名詞性從句中主語從句的用法。2.能力目標：通過學習了解宇宙科學，地球上生命的起源和發(fā)展歷程，了解萬有引力、黑洞和太空旅行等天文學知識。3.情感目標：培養(yǎng)學生對科學的興趣和保護地球的意識，激發(fā)學生探究科學的熱情。Task1.SkimmingReadingstrategy(策略):Gothroughthepassagequicklytogetthemainideaofeachparagraph.Don’tworryaboutthedetailsandnewwords.Skimthepassageandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.Para.1Theformation(形成)oftheearthPara.2TheimportanceofwaterforlifePara.3AwidelyacceptedtheoryabouttheformationoftheuniversePara.4ThearrivalofhumansandtheireffectsontheearthPara.5ThedevelopmentofplantsandanimalsontheearthTask2.Scanning:Choosethebestanswer1.Whywastheearthdifferentfromotherplanets?A.Itproducedalotofheat.B.Thewaterremained.C.Waterdisappeared.D.Itwastheoldestplanet.2.Whywaslifeabletodevelopontheearthbutnotonotherplanets?A.Theearthhadasolidshape.B.Theearthdidnothaveharmfulgasesinitsatmosphere.C.Thewaterstayedontheearthbutnotonotherplanets.D.Theearthwasnottoohotandnottoocold.3.Whydidtheplantsgrowbeforeanimalscame?A.Animalsneededplantstoprotectthemfromthesun.B.Plantsprovidedoxygenforanimalstobreathe.C.Animalscouldhidefromhuntersinforest.D.Itwaseasierforplantstogrow.4.Whatproblemiscausedbyhumanbeings?A.Theyexisteverywhereontheearth.B.Theycauseglobalwarming.C.Theyfindnewmethodsofgrowingcrops.D.Theyenjoyhuntingandfishing.Task3.Detailedreading(細讀)Readingstrategy:Readthepassagecarefullyparagraphbyparagraghandtrytogetmoreinformation.Thenanswerthequestions.Para.1&2:Theformationoftheuniverseandtheearth1.Abouthowtheuniversebegan,whichtheoryiswidelyaccepted?2.Whatform（形狀）wastheearthafterthe“BigBang”?3.Whatmadeuptheearth’satmosphereaftertheearthexploded?4.Inthesentence“Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen…”here“they”refersto__________.“Intime”means_______.Para.3:TheimportanceofwaterforlifeWhatmadetheearthdifferentfromtheotherplanetsisthat________remainedontheearth.Thesignificanceofthecontinuedpresenceofwateristhatitallowed______________________.Para.4:Thedevelopmentoflife1.smallplantsinthewater2._________3.____________4.Insectsonland5._____________6._________7.___________8.dinosaurs9__________Para.5:Thearrivalofhumansandtheireffectsontheearth1.Whatproblemshavebeencausedbyhumanstotheearth?2.Whatdoesthelastsentencemean?Task4.Post-readingⅠ.Fromthetext,wecaninfer（推斷）exceptthat___.A.Thepassagetellsusthescientificideaofhowlifebeganontheearth.B.Itiswrongtoshowfilmswithdinosaursandpeopletogether.C.Finally,humansruletheworld,buttheyarenottakingcareoftheearthverywell.D.Lifebeganonlandandtheninwater.Ⅱ.CanyoufindtheirEnglishinthetext?1.隨后他會變成什么一直無法確定直到約45億至38億年這團塵埃最終變成一個固體圓球。2.地球變得如此激烈動蕩,以致于不知道這個形狀是否會繼續(xù)存在下去。3.更重要的事，隨著地球的冷卻，地球的表面就開始出現(xiàn)了水。4.很多科學家相信,水的繼續(xù)存在使地球得以把有害氣體和酸的物質(zhì)溶解到海洋里。Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars高一年級英語組王學杰2014-03-06單元要點預覽:詞匯部分詞語辨析1.loudly/loud/aloud2.unlike/dislike3.remain/leave4.climate/weather5.nowthat/since/because/as詞形變化1.violentadj.強暴的，猛烈的violencen.暴力，強暴；猛烈violentlyadv.強暴地；猛烈地2.fundamentaladj.基本(礎(chǔ))的n.[pl.]基本原則(法則)fundamentallyadv.基本地；根本地fundamentn.基礎(chǔ)；根本3.developmentn.生長，發(fā)展；新情況developvt.發(fā)展；產(chǎn)生vi.生長；發(fā)展developedadj.發(fā)達的developingadj.發(fā)展的4.layvt.放下；擺設；產(chǎn)(蛋)laylaidlaidlayinglievi.躺，平放；位于lielaylainlyinglien.&vi.謊話；說謊lieliedliedlying5.preventvt.預防，防止preventionn.預防；阻止；妨礙preventableadj.可防止的，可預防的6.gentleadj.和藹的；輕柔的gentlyadv.溫和地；靜靜地7.physicsn.物理，物理學physicistn.物理學家physicaladj.身體的；物理(學)的；物質(zhì)的重點單詞1.systemn.[c]系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法2.layvt.(laid,laid,laying)把……放下；擺設；鋪(地毯)；產(chǎn)(蛋)3.harmfuladj.有害的；傷害的4.existvi.存在；生存5.puzzlev.(使)迷惑；(使)苦思n.謎；難題6.pullv.拉，拖，拔；移動n.拉，拖；拉(引)力7.cheervt.&vi.(使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼重點詞組1.tobeginwith以……開始；由……作為開頭；首先2.intime及時；最終；遲早3.inone’sturn輪到某人；接著4.prevent...from使……不做事；阻止……做某事5.blockout擋?。ü饩€）6.beoff=setoff出發(fā)；動身；不用上班/學/開張7.breakout(災難、戰(zhàn)爭等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)8.watchout密切注視；當心；提防重點句子1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.2.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.3.ButwhenItriedtostepforwardIfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.重點語法名詞性從句語言要點Ⅰ.重點詞匯1.systemn.[c]系統(tǒng)；體系；制度；方法systematicadj有系統(tǒng)的;有條理的[典例]1).Thesolarsystemincludesthesunanditseightplanets.[練習]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子。1).The____________(教育系統(tǒng))operatesverydifferentlyintheUSandChina.2).Heintroducedusawell-designed____________(鐵路系統(tǒng)).2.layvt.(laid,laid,laying)把放下；擺設；鋪(地毯)；產(chǎn)(蛋)[典例]1).Helaidhishandonmyshoulder.他把手放在我的肩上。2).Whoshouldwelaytheblameon?我們該責備誰?[重點用法]lay短語：layeggs下蛋 laysth.aside把某物放在一邊；積蓄（錢）laysth.down把某物放下 laytheblameonsb.責備某人[練習]根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~或翻譯。1).Thebird______itseggsinotherbirds’nests.2).He______somemoney______forrainydays.3.harmfuladj.有害的；傷害的harmn.&vt.傷害（某人）[典例]Manypeopleareawareoftheharmfuleffectsofsmoking.很多人都意識到吸煙的危害。[重點用法]beharmfultosb./sth.對……有害 doharmtosb.=dosb.harm=harmsb.對……有害；[練習]根據(jù)句子的意思在括號里填入適當?shù)脑~或翻譯。1).Everyoneknowsthatsmokingis______toyourhealth. 2).Inmanycases,toomuchcareforchildrenfromparentsmightevendo______totheirgrowth.3).在陽光下看書對你的眼睛傷害很大。________________________________________________________________________.4.existvi.存在；生存existencen.存在[典例]1).DoeslifeexistonMars?火星上有生命嗎?2).IcanhardlyexistonthewageI’mgetting.我靠我掙的工資簡直難以餬口。[重點用法]exist+prep.存在于地方 existonsth.靠某物生存[練習]用exist的短語或其適當形式填空。1).Thisplant______only______Australia.2).Canyou____________suchalowsalary?3).Idoubtthe______(exist)ofalien.5.puzzlevt.&vi.(使)迷惑n.謎；難題puzzledadj.困惑的puzzlingadj.令人費解的[典例]1).Herreplypuzzledme.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。2).Theirreasonfordoingitisstillapuzzletome.他們?yōu)槭颤N要做此事我仍莫名其妙。[重點用法]sth.puzzlessb.某事使某人迷惑/為難 sb.bepuzzledbysth.某人對……感到迷惑puzzleabout/oversth.對某事感到迷惑或苦苦思索 puzzleone’sbrain絞盡腦汁solveapuzzle解決一個難題[練習]用puzzle的適當形式填空或翻譯。1).Toexplainthe________(puzzle)findings,heofferstwotheories.2).I_______(puzzle)thatIhaven’theardfromLizforsolong.3).Shelistenedwitha_______(puzzle)expressiononherface.4)._____________________(使我困惑的事情)iswhyheleftthecountrywithouttellinganyone.6.pullv.拉，拖，拔；移動n.拉，拖；拉(引)力[典例]1).YoupushandI’llpull.你來推，我來拉。2).Ifeltapullatmysleeveandturnedround.我覺得有人扯我的袖子，便轉(zhuǎn)過身來。[重點用法]pull(sb)back（使某人）退卻；撤回（某人）pulloff(sth)（指機動車輛）駛離（道路）pullout(sth.)拉掉；使分離；掏出；駛離（車站） pulltogether同心協(xié)力；通力合作[練習]用pull短語的適當形式填空。1).Iarrivedasthelasttrainwas____________.2).He____________agunandaimedatthecriminal.3).Solongaswe____________,there’snomountaintopwecan’tconquer.7.cheervt.&vi.(使)高興、振奮；(對)歡呼cheerfuladj.高興的cheerlessadj.不高興的[典例]1).ThecrowdcheeredloudlyastheQueenappeared.女王出現(xiàn)時群眾高聲歡呼。2).Hewasgreatlycheeredbythenews.他聽到這個消息非常高興。[重點用法]cheersb.on為某人加油 cheer(sb)up（使某人）更高興或更快活[練習]用cheer的短語或其適當形式填空。1).Yourvisithasgreatly______himup.2).Thecrowd______therunners______astheystartedthelastlap.Ⅱ.重點詞組1.tobeginwith=tostartwith以……開始；由……作為開頭；首先[典例]Tobegin/startwith,Icouldn’tunderstandasingleword.起初，我一句也沒弄明白。[重點用法]begin/startwith從……開始 begin/startsthwith從……開始……[練習]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子。1).He______hisspeech______apoem.2).Hisspeech____________apoem.3).__________________,petsaregoodfriendsofmanylonelypeople,ime及時；最終；遲早[典例]1).Theycaughtthebusintime.他們及時趕上了汽車。2).Ifyoukeepon,youwillsucceedintime.如果堅持下去，你們總有一天會成功的。[短語歸納]time短語：intimeforsth./todosth.及時；不遲innotime立刻；馬上 atnotime永不…… atonetime曾經(jīng)；一度atatime一次；每次attimes=sometimes有時allthetime一直；始終；ontime按時；準時 bythetime到……的時候為止takeone’stime不著急；慢慢來killtime消磨時間manyatime常常；多次fromtimetotime不時地，間或onceuponatime從前aheadoftime提前，提早 haveagood/nice/hardtime(in)doingsth做某事很……It’s(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.是做某事的時候了 [練習]用time短語填空。1).Theysentthemailtomejust______________,beforeI1eft.2)..Hurryup!Theconcertwillbegin_____________________.3)._____________________willIgiveup.4)._____________________hewasaddictedtoplayingwebgames,butnowhedevoteshimselftowriting,whichdelightshisparents.5).Don’ttrytodoeverythingatonce;takeitabit_____________________.3.inone’sturn輪到某人；接著[典例]Iwillseeyou,eachinyourturn.我將要一個接著一個地看你。[短語歸納]turn短語：inturn輪流；一個接著一個 byturns輪流；一陣……一陣……taketurns(todosth.)輪流（做某物） It’sone’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事了[練習]用turn短語填空或翻譯句子。1). Shewenthotandcold______________.2). 我們輪流著開車。_________________________________________________.3).今天輪到誰發(fā)言了？_________________________________________________.4.prevent...from=stop...from=keepfrom使……不做事；阻止……做某事[典例]Hisbackinjurymaypreventhimfromplayingintomorrow’sgame.【用法辨析】注意:prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.中的from可省,keepsb.fromdoingsth.中from不可省略，因為keepsb.doingsth.是“使某人一直做某事”之意；但如在被動語態(tài)中，三者的from都不可?。划敽蠼觭b’sdoingsth.作賓語時，只能用prevent或stop，不能用keep，因為沒有keepsb’sdoingsth.的句型。 [練習]根據(jù)句子的意思完成句子或翻譯。1).Doctorstookactionto___________________________________(防止這種疾病的蔓延).2). OfcourseIcan’t_______yourgoingabroad.3).警察阻止他們攜帶武器。___________________________________________________________________.5.blockout擋?。ü饩€）[典例]Thatwallblocksoutallthelight.那堵墻把光線都遮住了。[短語歸納]out短語：breakout爆發(fā)，發(fā)生 burstout大聲喊叫，突然…起來 putout關(guān)(燈)；撲滅；生產(chǎn)comeout出現(xiàn)，顯露；出版，結(jié)果是 lookout留神；注意 watchout注意；提防pickout挑出，辨認出，分辨出speakout大聲地說，thinkout仔細思考某事；想出hangout掛出，閑逛 turnout結(jié)果證明是 runout(of)用完，耗盡handout分發(fā)，散發(fā) giveout分發(fā)；用完，消耗盡；發(fā)出(光、聲音等)[練習]用out短語填空。1).Attheendoftheracehislegs______________andhecollapsedontheground.2).It’seasyto_______him_______inacrowdbecauseheisverytall.3).Hisnewbookwill______________nextmonth.4).Wethoughtitwasgoingtorain;it______________tobeafindday.6.beoff=setoff出發(fā)；動身；不用上班/學/開張[典例]Thenwewereoff.隨后我們就啟程了。[短語歸納]off短語：getoff下車 falloff從……摔下來 takeoff脫下；起飛 keepoff遠離 turnoff關(guān)閉 payoff付清，還清 set...off給……送行 giveoff散發(fā) [練習]用turn短語填空或翻譯。1).ItisaSundayandwe______________(不用上班)today.2).Herhusband______________onabusinesstripsomewhere.3).Therewesawasignreading,“______________thegrass”.4).Aftertenyearsofhardwork,shefinally______________allherdebts.7.breakout(災難、戰(zhàn)爭等)突發(fā)；爆發(fā)[典例]Firebrokeoutduringthenight.夜間突然發(fā)生了火災。[短語歸納]break短語：breakawayfrom脫離（黨派）；擺脫（控制） breakdown毀掉；壞掉；(計劃/談判)失敗breakup打碎；拆散；(會議)結(jié)束；分裂(解體) breakoff(使)停止；中斷；折斷breakintosth.強行進入某處 breakone’sword/promise食言；說話不算數(shù)[練習]用break短語填空。1).Aterribletsunami______________inthesoutheasterncountriesofAsiaatChristmas,2004.2).Whendoyou______________forChristmas?3).Hishousewas______________lastweek.8.watchout密切注視；當心；提防[典例]Watchout!There’sacarcoming.小心!汽車來了。[重點用法]watchoutforsb/sth警惕或注意某人/事物 watchover保護；照看[練習]用watch短語填空。1).Theremusthavebeenanangel______________methatday.2).WhatproblemsshouldI_____________________whenbuyinganoldhouse?3).You’llbecomeanalcoholicifyoudon’t______________.Ⅲ.重點句子1.Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock,whichwereintimetoproducethewatervapour,carbondioxide,oxygen,nitrogenandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.[解釋]“be+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)通常用來表示“按計劃或安排將要做的事情”，或表示上級對下級、父母對子女下命令，“應該做某事”或表示某事“將必然發(fā)生”。例如：1).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.=Wearetoholdameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingistobeheldtomorrow.我們明天將開會。2).ThetrainistoarriveinBeijingat10:25am.這趟火車將于上午10:25到達北京。[練習]完成句子或翻譯。1).Hereisamessageforyoufromyourheadteacher:you__________________toherofficeafterclass.(你的班主任給你一個口信，要你下課后到她的辦公室去。)2).Theworstisstill____________(come).3).We’llholdameetingtomorrow.=We__________________ameetingtomorrow.=Ameetingis__________________tomorrow.4).這趟火車將于上午10：25到達北京。_________________________________________________________.2.Thatmadeitpossibleforlifetobegintodevelop.那使生命的生長發(fā)育成為一種可能。[解釋]此句中的made后跟帶形式賓語it的復合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中it是形式賓語，真正賓語是不定式復合結(jié)構(gòu)，“forlivetobegintodevelop”，賓語補足語是possible。提示：常用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞還有think，feel，find，consider等。例如：1).Wemakeitaruletogetupat6o’clockeverymorning.2).Ifindithardtogetalongwithhim.3).HefounditimpossibletoleaveGermanyfortheUSA.他發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能離開德國去美國了。[練習]完成句子或翻譯。1).We________________________(規(guī)定)togetupat6o’clockeverymorning.2).I__________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)很難)togetalongwithhim．3).他發(fā)現(xiàn)不可能離開德國去美國了。________________________________________________________________________.4).我覺得我有責任幫助你。________________________________________________________________________.3.ButwhenItriedtostepforwardIfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover[解釋]twiceas...as...“是……的兩倍”，英語常見倍數(shù)的表示句型：1).倍數(shù)+as+adj./adv.+as“是……的幾倍”Myroomistwiceaslargeashis.2).倍數(shù)+adj./adv.比較級+than“比……(多/大)幾倍”Myroomistwicelargerthanhis.3).倍數(shù)+the+表示長度/高度/寬度等的名詞+of“是……的長度/高度/寬度幾倍”Myroomistwicethesizeofhis.注意：此結(jié)構(gòu)中常用的名詞有：size,height,weight,length,widthdepth等。例如：1).Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimeslongerthanthatone.=Thisruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone.這把尺子是那把的三倍那么長。2).Therearefourtimesasmanystudentsasweexpected.到的學生是我們預計的五倍。Unit4單元質(zhì)量檢測高一年級英語組王學杰2014-03-06作業(yè)（一）一、單詞拼寫[來源:學*科*網(wǎng)Z*X*X*K]A1.Doyouthinkoureducation(制度)needsimproving?

2.Thediscussionhasbecomemoreandmore(激烈的).

3.Sheis(不像)hermother.

4.Darwinspentmorethan20yearsworkingonhis(理論)ofevolution.

5.Thesearethe(有害的)effectsofsmoking.

6.Thehenwasoldanditstopped(下蛋)eggs.

7.Theidea(存在)onlyinthemindsofusyoungpeople.

8.Thewomangave(生育)toahealthygirl.

源:學科網(wǎng)]9.After(迷惑)forhours,Ifinallysawdaylightandfoundtheanswer.

10.Yesterdaythebadweather(阻止)mefromgoingswimming.

二、單項選擇1.Insummerpeopleliketowearsunglassestotheireyesfromthestrongsunlight.

A.stopB.preventC.protect D.keep2.Thelittlechilddidn’tunderstandthequestionsotherewasaexpressiononhisface.

A.puzzling;puzzled B.puzzled;puzzledC.puzzling;puzzling D.puzzled;puzzling3.(2013·浙江杭州月考)Ifyoukeepon,you’llsucceed.Wishyousuccessintheexaminations.

A.intime B.atonetimeC.forthesametime D.sometimes4.ThereweremanypeoplethereIwasn’tabletopickherout.

A.such;that B.very;thatC.such;who D.so;that5.Inthisconflict,about20commonpeoplewerekilled.

A.gentle B.violentC.fundamental D.harmful6.DengXiaoping’shashadagreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofChina.

A.theory B.ruleC.word D.system7.ItisTomtodrinksomuch;Iwonderifhe’sallright.

A.likeB.likelyC.unlikeD.unlikely8.Istheheavyrainharmfulthecrops?

A.forB.atC.with D.to9.—Danny,doyouhelpyourmother?

—Yes.A.lietable B.liethetableC.laytable D.laythetable10.Howmanylittledogshasyourdog?

A.gavebirth B.gavebirthtoC.givenbirthto D.givenbirth三、完形填空Scientificresearchhasagreatinfluenceonoursociety.11theonehand,we12toprovidetheresearchworkafree13.Whileontheotherhand,weareafraidthatsomeoftheresearchwillbe14tooursociety.Thus,thereshouldbeabalance15thegovernmentwhetherornotto16scientificresearchanddevelopment.

17thescientificresearchisajob18,itishardforthegovernmenteventhepublictodecidewhetherornotaresearchis19.Butthescientificresearch,20somethingelse,can’tgowithoutcreativity.21,asweallknow,shouldnotbelimited.Ifwe22,wewillfind23far-reachingresearchworkcamefromfreethinking,ofwhichthe24ideasmayseemfantasticatthebeginning.TakeEinstein25example.He26theTheoryofRelativity.Hisrawideaofthe27wasconsideredmeaninglessbythepublic.Nooneatthattimewasableto28thatthisfantasticideawouldleadtoa29revolutionforPhysics.30,freethinkingwithoutlimitcanencouragecreativitytosomeextent(從某種程度上).Thisisofgreatimportancetothescientificresearch.

11.A.OnB.InC.AtD.With12.A.advised B.areadvisedC.advise D.advising13.A.space B.roomC.atmosphere D.discussion14.A.good B.harmfulC.benefit D.harm15.A.onB.inC.for D.with16.A.limit B.improve[來]C.block D.puzzle17.A.ForB.WhenC.Nowthat D.Assoonas18.A.inadvance B.inanadvanceC.intheadvance D.inadvances19.A.valueB.valuableC.helpless D.useless20.A.asB.asforC.like D.unlike21.A.Create B.CreativityC.Creative D.Creator22.A.lookback B.lookoutC.lookinto D.lookafter23.A.agoodmany B.agreatdealofC.agoodfewD.agoodlittle24.A.wonderful B.greatC.terrible D.raw25.A.inB.forC.at D.from26.A.keepupwith B.catchupwithC.putupwith D.cameupwith27.A.theory B.suggestionC.thinking D.advice28.A.tellB.sayC.speak D.read29.A.bad B.rudeC.global D.terrible30.A.Thus B.HoweverC.And D.But四．閱讀理解CopernicuswasborninTorun,Poland,onFebruary19,1473.Littleisknownabouthisearlylifeexceptthathisfatherdiedwhenhewas10.Anuncleadoptedhim,histwosisters,andhisbrother.Theunclesawtoitthatthetwoboysreceivedagoodeducation.CopernicuswenttotheUniversityofCracow.TherehestudiedsuchsubjectsasLatin,mathematics,andastronomy.ItwasprobablyatthattimethathechangedhisPolishname,NiklasKoppernigk,totheLatinformofNicolausCopernicus.In1496CopernicuswenttoItaly,wherehespentthenext10yearsstudyingatvariousuniversities.InCopernicus’timepeoplestillbelievedthatallthingsthesun,thestars,andtheplanets—movedaroundtheearth.Itwasanoldbeliefthatfewmenhadeverquestioned.Aristotlehadbasedhistheoryofastronomyonthisbelief.BecausetheChurchhadlongbeenthecenteroflearning,thetheorywasalsolinkedtoreligiousbeliefs.In1506Copernicusreturnedtohishomeland.AfewyearslaterhebegantoworkfortheChurch.AllthoseyearsCopernicuscarriedonhisworkinastronomy.Hehadjustthemostbasicequipmentand,likeotherscientistsofhisday,madeobservationswithonlyhiseyes.Still,usingmathematicsandlogic(邏輯),Copernicusworkedoutadifferenttheory,whichheldthattheplanetswentaroundthesun.Copernicusdidnotannouncehisideas.Hedidnotwanttomaketrouble.Buthecouldnothidethescientifictruth.Sohetalkedabouthistheorywithhisfriends,whostronglyadvisedhimtohavehisworkpublished.Hisgreatbook,OntheRevolutionsoftheHeavenlyBodies,appearedattheveryendofhislife.Copernicussawthefirstcopyonthedayhedied,May24,1543.31.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutCopernicus?A.Hehadtwobrothersandasister.B.HeusedtobecalledNiklasKoppernigk.C.Helosthisfathersoonafterhewasborn.D.Hespent10yearsattheUniversityofCracow.32.Fromthepassagewecanseethat“astronomy”is.

A.thelifeexperienceofgreatmenB.themovementofthestarsandtheplanetsC.thescientificstudyofnaturalobjectsinspaceD.thetheoriesdevelopedbyscientistsofoldtimes33.Copernicusdevelopedhistheory.

A.usingvarioustelescopesB.basedonAristotle’sbeliefsC.throughobservationsandreasoning(推理)D.undertheencouragementofhisfriends34.Thewriterofthepassagetellsusthat.

A.CopernicusdidnottellabouthisdiscoveryuntilthedayofhisdeathB.formanyyearsCopernicusdaredtodonothingopenlyagainsttheChurchC.pushedbyhisfriendsCopernicusdecidedtowriteabookinMay1543D.shortlybeforehegotbacktoPolandCopernicusstartedtoworkfortheChurch35.Copernicushadhisgreatbookpublishedbecause.

A.hedidn’tagreewithAristotleB.hecouldnothidethescientifictruthC.heworkedfortheChurchD.hisfriendsadvisedhimtodoso作業(yè)(二)一．單項填空1.Itisstillunderdiscussiontheoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.

A.whetherB.when_X]C.which D.where2.(2013·江西卷)oneofyoubreaksthewindowwillhavetopayforit.

A.Whoever B.WhateverC.Whichever D.Wherever3.(2013·陜西卷)Itremainstobeseenthenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbeputintopractice.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whether4.Thosecloudsthrewshadowsthatsomesunlight.

A.blockedout B.tookinC.putoff D.gaveaway5.we’llgoclimbingtomorrowdependsontheweather.

A.IfB.Whether[來C.That D.Where6.alltheinventionshaveincommonistheyhavesucceeded.

A.What;what B.That;thatC.What;that D.That;what7.stillneedstobediscussed.

A.HowistheplantobecarriedoutB.HowtheplanistobecarriedoutC.WhyistheplancarriedoutD.Whytheplancarriedout8.thatshehasreceivedadoctor’sdegree.

A.It’sasplendidnewsB.ThisisasplendidnewsC.It’ssplendidnewsD.Thisissplendidnews9.weneedmorepracticeisquitecleartoallofus.

A.When B.WhatC.That D./10.Iacceptthegiftorrefuseitisnoneofyourbusiness.

A.IfB.WhetherC.Evenif D.Nomatterwhen11.HeatoncewhenIpromisedtohelphim.

A.cheeredup B.gaveupC.brokeup D.turnedup12.(2013·福建卷)Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksindisasters.

A.turndown B.turnout[C.breakdownD.breakout13.I’mwellagain,Icangoonwithmywork.

A.Evenif B.AsthoughC.Evenafter D.Nowthat14.!Thereisdangerahead.

A.Watchout B.TakecareofC.Cheerup D.Notice15.Thedoctorhadalmostlosthopeatonepoint,butthepatientfinally.

A.pulledthrough B.pulledoverC.pulledin D.pulleddown二．閱讀理解AAstronomyistheoldestscienceknowntoman.Thousandsofyearsagomanlookedatthestarsandwonderedabouttheheavens.Butmanwaslimitedbywhathecouldseewithhiseyesalone.TheGreeksstudiedastronomyover2,000yearsago.Theycouldseethesize,color,andbrightnessofstars.Theycouldseetheirplacesinthesky.Theywatchedthestarsmoveastheseasonschanged.ButtheGreekshadnotoolstohelpthemstudythestarryheavens.Eachnewtooladdedtothefilesofastronomy;ithelpedmanreachoutintospace.Untilthereweretelescopes(望遠鏡),manknewlittleaboutthemoon.TheydidnotknowthattheplanetcalledSaturn(土星)hadringsaroundit.Theirsightwassolimitedthattheycouldnotseealltheplanets.Intheearly1700s,peoplethoughttherewereonlysixplanets.Beforethespectroscope(分光鏡),mandidnotknowwhatkindofgasesisinthesunorotherstars.Withouttheradiotelescope(電望遠鏡)wedidnotknowthatradionoisescomefromfaroutinspace.Today,astronomyisagrowingscience.Wehavelearnedmoreinthelastfiftyyearsthaninthewholehistoryofastronomy.16.Thepassagemainlytellsus.

A.thespectroscopehelpsmanknowwhatkindofgasesisinthesunandotherstarsB.therearenineplanetsinspaceC.therewasmuchnoiseinspaceD.sciencecan’tgrowfastwithoutmoderntechnology17.Thousandsofyearsago,.

A.manwatchedthestarswiththeireyesB.telescopeshelpedmantostudythestarsC.manknewnothingabouttheskyD.manknewSaturnhadringsaroundit18.WhentheGreekswatchedthestars,theyknewallofthefollowingexcept.

A.thecolorofthestarsB.thesizeofthestarsC.themovementofthestarsD.whatthestarsweremadeof[來源:學.科.網(wǎng)]19.Mannowknows.

A.themoonhasringsarounditB.therearesixplanetsC.Saturn’sringscanbeseenbyhumaneyesD.radionoisescomefromfaroutinspace20.Fromthispassagewecanseethatinthelastfiftyyears.

A.astronomyhasbecomeascienceB.peoplehavemadegreatprogressinastronomyC.peoplehavebeguntodoresearchonastronomyD.astronomyhaslimitedman’sknowledgeofspaceBFromboyhoodhewasinterestedinAstronomy,andwhileatCambridgehewouldsitupatnighttowatchthestars.Buthewasdissatisfiedwiththetelescopesofthosedaysbecausetheydidn’tshowhimaclearpictureofthings.Atfirsthethoughttheremustbesomethingwrongwiththelens(鏡頭).Butnomatterhowhardhetriedtoimprovethelens,thetroublewasstillthere.ThissetNewtonthinking.Hebegantostudythenatureoflightandcolors.Intheendhefoundthatsunlight,orwhitelight,isactuallymadeupofarowofcolors.Hecountedsevencolorsinall.Thiswasofcourseagreatdiscovery.ButNewtonstillwasn’tsatisfied.Hismindwasbusywithanotherproblem.BeforeNewton’stime,scientistshadalreadydiscoveredthatthesun,nottheearth,wasthecenteroftheuniverse,andtheyknewthattheearthandtheotherplanetsmovedroundthesun.Buttheycouldn’texplainwhythiswassountilNewtongavetheanswer.OneautumneveningwhileNewtonwassittingunderanappletreethinkingovertheseproblems,hesawthemoonriseinthesky.Why,heaskedhimself,shouldthemoonroundtheearth,neverleavingthesamepath?Atthatmoment,heheardanappledropfromthetree.Whyshouldtheappledroptotheground?Whydidn’titgosidewaysorflyup?Thereseemedtobeonlyonereason:Theearthwasdrawingit—thatistheforceofgravity.Ifastoneistiedtotheendofastringandwhirledaround,itfliesroundandroundincirclesbecauseofthestring.Inthesameway,theforceofgravity,thoughtNewton,mustbetheforcethatkeepsthemoongoingroundtheearthandtheplanetsroundthesun.21.Thispassagetellsus.

A.NewtongavetherightanswertothemakingupofthesunlightB.NewtonfoundthatthemoongoesroundtheearthC.howNewtonmadetwoofhisgreatestdiscoveriesD.whyNewtonmadetwoofhisgreatdiscoveriesathome22.Givetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.a.Newtonfoundthatsunlightismadeupofarowofcolors.b.Newtonwonderedwhytheappledidn’tgosideways.c.Newtondecidedth