英語(yǔ)B級(jí)考試試題答案

WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理2021年英語(yǔ)B級(jí)考試試卷答案一、單項(xiàng)選擇題〔說(shuō)明：這是我同學(xué)給的〕1Howcanwereducetheriskofcancer?AcutinBcutdownCcutoffDcutout2Thesteadilyrisingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatlyincreasedthecostofshippingcargobywater.AcontinuouslyBquicklyCexcessivelyDexceptionally3Duringthepasttenyearstherehavebeendramaticchangesintheinternationalsituation.ApermanentBpowerfulCstrikingDpractical4Themostcrucialproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarceresources.ApuzzlingBdifficultCterrifyingDurgent5Hisnewgirlfriendhadomittedtotellhimthatshewasmarried.AfailedBdeletedCrefusedDrejected6Thesubstancecanbeaddedtogasolinetoacceleratethespeedofautomobiles.AquickenBshortenCloosenDenlarge7Weshouldnevercontentourselveswithalittleknowledgeonly.1/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理AconvinceBsatisfyCcomfortDbenefit8Weshouldcontemplatedtheproblemfromallsides.AdeliberatedBthoughtCdescribedDdesigned9Hishealthhaddeterioratedwhilehewasinprison.AbecamebetterBbecameworseCbecamestrongerDbecameweaker10Ifyouwantmyadvice,youshouldreviseyourplanforthetriptoBeijing.AchangeBexchangeCenlargeDencourage11Smokingisinhibitedinpublicplaces.AinstructedBinquiredCforbiddenDstrivedHeissaidtobesufferingfromterminalcancerandhasaskedforeuthanasia(安樂(lè)死)AacuteBchronicCfinalDfatal13Ifeltimpelledtotellthetruth.ApromotedBinducedCcompelledDimproved14Itsprudenttotakeathickcoatincoldweatherwhenyougoout.2/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理AcontroversialBreasonableCsensibleDsensitive15Areyoupositivethatthere’sbeennomistake?ArationalBreasonableCcertainDbound二、閱讀判斷。閱讀判斷。AnObservationandanExplanationItisworthlookingatoneortwoaspectsofthewayamotherbehavestowardsherbaby.Theusualfondling,cuddlingandcleaningrequirelittlecomment,butthepositioninwhichsheholdsthebabyagainstherbodywhenrestingisratherrevealing.Carefulstudieshaveshownthefactthat80percentofmothersholdtheirinfantsintheirleftarms,holdingthemagainsttheleftsideoftheirbodies.Ifaskedtoexplainthesignificanceofthispreferencemostpeoplereplythatitisobviouslytheresultofthepredominanceofright-handednessinthepopulation.Byholdingthebabiesintheirleftarms,themotherskeeptheirdominantarmfreeformanipulations.ButadetailedanalysisshowsthatthisisnotthecasETrue,thereisaslightdifferencebetweenright-handedandleft-handedfemales。butnotenoughtoprovideadequateexplanation.Itemergesthat83percentofright-handedmothersholdthebabyontheleftside,butsodo78percentofleft-handedmothers.Inotherwords,only22percentoftheleft-handedmothershavetheirdominanthandsfreeforactions.Clearlytheremustbesomeother,lessobviousexplanation.Theonlyothercluecomesfromthefactthattheheartisonthesideofthemother’sbody.Coulditbethatthesoundofherheartbeatisthevitalfactor?Andinwhatway?Thinkingalongtheselinesitwasarguedthatperhapsduringitsexistenceinsidethebodyofthemothertheunbornbabygetusedtothesoundoftheheartbeat.Ifthisisso,thenthere-discoveryofthisfamiliarsoundafterbirthmighthaveaclaimingeffectontheinfant,especiallyasithasjustbeenbornintoastrangeandfrighteninglynewworlDifthisissothenthemotherwould,somehow,soonarriveatthediscoverythatherbabyismoreatpeaceifheldontheleftagainstherheartthanontheright.16Wecanlearnalotbyobservingthepositioninwhichamotherholdsherbabyagainstherbody.3/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17Mostleft-handedcomfortablebyholdingtheirbabiesintheirleftarmandkeeptherightarmfree.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Thenumberofright-handedmotherswhoholdthebabyontheleftsideexceedsthatofleft-handedonesby22%.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Thefactthatmostleft-handedmothersholdthebabyontheirleftsiderendersthefirstexplanationunsustainable.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20Thefactthattheheartisontheleftsideofthemothersbodyprovidesthemostconvincingexplanationofall.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21Ababyheldintherightarmofitsmothercanbeeasilyfrightened.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22Thewritersexplanationofthephenomenonissupportedbythefactthatbabiestendtobemorepeacefulifheldintheirmothersleftarmsthanintherightarms.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned三、概括大意與完成句子。概括大意與完成句子。CaringfortheoldTheolddonothavetolookexclusivelytothepast.Relievedofsomeoflife’sresponsibilitiesandfortifiedbymanyyearsofexperienceandknowledge,theymayhaveamuchbetterideaofhowtospendtheirtimeenjoyablythantheydidintheiryouth.Andnotallenjoymentisrestrictedtothementalorphilosophical.Healthyphysicalactivityremainsquitepossibleformostofuswellintoourlateryears.4/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理Oldpeoplesometimesdisplaysurprisingfreedomandforthrightnessintheexpressionoftheirthoughtsandfeelings,andanabilitytotransmitaffection.Itisasthoughsomeoftheritualswhichconstrictusinearlierlifefallaway.Butahigherpercentageofpeoplesufferfromemotionaldistressinoldagethanatanyothertimeinadultlife,andthegapbetweenneedandcareisoftenfilledbydubiousmeasures,suchasheavy-handedprescriptionofmedicinEFormanyyearsitwasassumedthatoldpeoplewerenotappropriatecandidatesforpsychotherapy.Butafewclinicianshaverisentothechallengeanddiscoveredthatindividualandgrouppsychotherapyisjustaseffectivewiththeoldaswiththeyoung.Itiseasytounderstandwhyanearthquakecausesterror.Yetinoldagetheremaybeterrorofaveryprivatenature,asenseofdisintegrationsometimesstemmingfrominnerconflicts,sometimesfromapremonitionofdeathorthefearofbecomingdependent.Dependencyisagrimchoice:insecurityanddeprivationmustbeweighedagainstlossofautonomyandintegrity.Butifthereisnothingshamefulaboutthedependencyofababyorayoungchild,thereshouldbenothingshamefulaboutthedependenciesnaturalwitholdageanddiminishingphysicalresources.Thecomplexityandimpersonalityofthebureaucraticestablishments,whichhavethemeanstoprovidehelp,areoftenthreateningtooldpeoplETheyoungergenerationtoday,ontheotherhand,willhavehadmanydecadestointeractwith"thesystem"bythetimetheyreacholdage.Manyofus,includinghealthcareproviders,assumethatweknowwhatoldpeopleanddyingpeoplewant,butourassumptionsareoftenareflectionsofourwonthoughtsandfeelingsbasedonpersonalinterpretationsofscantybitsofobservation.Suchassumptionsarereallyanexcusetoavoidclosecontactwiththeterminallyill.Assumingwe"know"whattheywant,weobserveourselvesfrombeingwiththem,andsharingtheirthoughtsabouttheendoflife.Wesometimesassume,wrongly,thatoldpeoplearetooconfusedorseniletobeawareofthenearnessofdeath.Inconsequence,communicationbetweenadyingandothersissubjecttoextraordinaryomissionsanddistortions."Protecting"thedyingfromknowledgeoftheirconditionoftenservestoprotectusfromtheuncomfortableprospectoftalkingaboutdyinganddeath.Evasionslikethisonlyleadtoincreasingisolationatatimewhenemotionalhonestyandunderstandingaremostneeded.23paragraph15/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理24paragraph225paragraph326paragraph5AKnowingbetterhowtoenjoylifeBFreedominexpressionCPsychotherapyeffectivewithsomeoftheoldDPeriodofgreateremotionaldistressEDependency:agrimchoiceFGuiltiness:dependency27Oldpeoplemaywellbeactivein28Oldpeoplesometimesknowbetter29Itisanaturalthing30Weoftenthinkthatweknowthefeelingofadyingperson,AhowtoshowlovetoothersBhowtoshowangertoothersCyetweknowwearewrongDvariouskindsofsportsEbutweareoftenwrongFthatoldpeopledependonothers四、閱讀理解第一篇AGay(n.同性戀Biologist(n.生物學(xué)家同性戀)生物學(xué)家)6/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理MolecularbiologistDeanblueeyes,lightbrownhairandagoodsenseofhumor.Hesmokescigarettes,spendslonghoursinanoldlaboratoryattheUSNationalInstituteofHealth,andinhisfreetimeclimbsupcliffsandpointshisskisdownsteepslopes.Healsohappenstobeopenly,matter-of-factlygay.Whatisitthatmakesheis?What,forthatmatter,accountsforthetalentsandtraitsthatmakeup’spersonality?notcontentmerelytoasksuchquestions。heistryingtoanswerthemaswell.Apioneerinthefieldofmolecularpsychology,Hammerisexploringtherolegenesplayingoverningtheverycoreofourindividuality.Toaremarkableextent,hisworkonwhatmightbecalledthegay,thrill-seekingandquit-smokinggenesreflectshowowngeneticpredispositions.Thatwork,whichhasappearedmostlyinscientificjournals,hasbeengatheredintoanaccessibleandquitereadableforminHammer’screativenewbook,LivingwithOurGenes.“youhaveaboutasmuchchoiceinsomeaspectofyourpersonality.〞Hamerandco-authorPeterCopelandwriteintheintroductorychapter,“asyoudointheshapeofyournoseorthesizeofyourfeet.〞Untilrecently,researchintobehavioralgeneticswasdominatedbypsychiatristsandpsychologists,whobasedtheirmostcompellingconclusionsabouttheimportanceofgenesonstudiesofidenticaltwins.Forexample,psychologistMichaelBaileyofNorthwesternUniversityfamouslydemonstratedthatifoneidenticaltwinisgay,thereisabouta50%likelihoodthattheotherwillbetoo.Sevenyearsago,Hamerpickedupwherethetwinstudiesleftoff,hominginonspecificstripsofappeartoinfluenceeverythingfrommoodtosexualorientation.Hamerswitchedtobehavioralgeneticsfrombasicresearch,afterreceivinghisdoctoratefromHarvard,hespentmorethanadecadestudyingthebiochemistryofaproteinthatcellsusetometabolizeheavymetalslikecopperandzinc.Ashewasabouttoturn40,however,Hamersuddenlyrealizedhehadlearnedasmuchabouttheproteinashecaredto.“Frankly,Iwasbored,〞heremembers,“andreadyforsomethingnew.〞Homosexualbehavior,inparticular,seemedripeforexplorationbecausefewscientistshaddaredtacklesuchanemotionallyandpoliticallychargedsubject.“Imgay,〞Hamersayswithashrug,“butthatwasnotamajormotivation.Itwasmoreofaquestionofintellectualcuriosity—andthefactthatnooneelsewasdoingthissortofresearch〞31ThefirstparagraphdescribesHamer’s7/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理Alooks,hobbiesandcharacter.Bviewpointonhomosexuality.Cuniquelife-style.Dscientificresearchwork.32HamerwasaApsychiatrist.Bphysiologist.Cchemist.Dbiologist.33WhatisHamerdoingnow?AHeisexploringtheroleofgenesindecidingone’sintelligence.BHeisexploringtheroleofgenesindecidingone’spersonality.CHeiswritingabookentitled“LivewithOurGenes.〞DHeistryingtoanswersomequestionsonatestpaper.34WhathappenedtoHamer’sresearchinterest?AHeturnedtobasicresearch.BHestickedtobasicresearch.CHeturnedtobehavioralgenetics.DHestickedtobehavioralgenetics.35AccordingtoHamer,whatwasoneofthemainreasonsforhimtochoosehomosexualbehaviorashisresearchsubject?AHeisagayandhewantstocurehimself.BHewascuriousaboutitasascientist.8/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理CHewascuriousaboutitlikeeveryoneelse.DItisasubjectthatcanleadtopoliticalsuccess.第二篇SilentandDeadlyTransientischemicattacks(TIAS),ormini-strokes,resultfromtemporaryinterruptionsofbloodflowtothebrain.Unlikefullstrokes,theypresentsymptomslastinganywherefromafewsecondsto24hours.Rarelydotheycausepermanentneurologicaldamage,buttheyareoftenprecursorsofamajorstroke.“Ourmessageisquiteclear,〞saysDr.RobertAdams,professorofneurologyattheMedicalCollegeofGeorgiainAugust.“TIAS，whilelessseverethanstrokesintheshortterm,arequitedangerousandneedaquickdiagnosisandtreatmentaswellasappropriatefollow-uptopreventfutureinjury.〞Unfortunately,mini-strokesaregreatlyunderdiagnosed.AstudyconductedfortheNationalStrokeAssociationindicatesthat2.5%ofalladultsaged18orolder(about4.9millionpeopleintheU.S.)haveexperiencedaconfirmedTIA.Anadditional1.2millionAmericansovertheageof45,thestudyshowed,havemostlikelysufferedamini-strokewithoutrealizingit.Thesefindingssuggestthatifthepublicknewhowtospotthesymptomsofstroke,especiallymini-strokes,andsoughtpromptmedicaltreatment,thousandsoflivescouldbesavedandmajordisabilitycouldbeavoided.Theproblemisthatthesymptomsofamini-strokeareoftensubtleandpassing.Nonetheless,therearesignsyoucanlookoutfor:*Numbnessorweaknessintheface,armorleg,especiallyononesideofthebody.*Troubleseeinginoneorbotheyes.*Confusionanddifficultyspeakingorunderstanding.*Difficultywalking,dizzinessorlossofcoordination.*Severeheadachewithnoknowncause.Alongwiththesesymptoms,researchershaveidentifiedsomekeyindicatorsthatincreaseyourchancesofhavingafull-blownstrokeafteraTIA:ifyou’reover9/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理60,haveexperiencedsymptomslastinglongerthan10minutes,feelweakandhaveahistoryofdiabetes.Aswithmanydiseases,youcanhelpyourselfbychangingyourlifestyle.Thefirstthingsyoushoulddoarequitsmoking,limityourintakeofalcoholtonomorethanadrinkortwoadayandincreaseyourphysicalactivity.Eventhosewhosufferfromhighbloodpressureordiabetescanimprovetheirodds—andminimizecomplicationsiftheydohaveastroke—bykeepingtheirillnessundercontrol.Ifyouexperienceanyofthesymptoms,yourfirstcallshouldbetoyourdoctor.Itcouldbethecallthatsavesyourlife.36WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofmini-strokes?AThecauseofthemremainsunidentified.BTheyseldomcausepermanentneurologicaldamage.CTheysymptomsofthemareoftenpassing.DTheyarenotunrelatedtomajorstrokes.37Topreventmini-strokesfromturningintomajorstrokes,itisimportanttoAsavethousandsoflives.Bavoidmajordisability.Cseekpromptmedicaltreatment.Dpreventfutureinjury.38Thepassageindicatesthatthesymptomsofmini-strokesAarealwayseasytospot.Barefrequentlyhardtorecognize.Cusuallylastacoupleofdays.Dcanbynomeansbeavoided.39Allofthefollowingmaybesignsofmini-strokesEXCEPTforAtroubleseeinginoneeye.10/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理Bnumbnessintheface.Clossofcoordination.Dsevereheadachecausedbyexternalinjury.40Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmini-strokesareAmoredangerousthanmajorstrokes.Bsilentanddeadly.Cdifficulttocure.Dsuretoleadtomajorstrokes.第三篇RoadTripVacationsIt’ssummer.IntheUnitedStates,it’stheseasonofswimmingpools,barbeques,campingandroadtrips.Roadtripvacationswherethecarjourneyispartofthefunareespeciallypopularwithcollegestudents,wholiketoexplorethecountryonwheels.Thesebudgettripsareidealforstudentswhooftenhaveplentyoffreetimebutlittlemoney.EversinceIwenttocollege,I’vebeentravelingaroundalot,exploringthecountry,"saidAustinHawkins,a19-year-oldcollegestudentfromNewYork.Thissummer,HawkinsandhisfriendshavespentweekendstravelinginNewEngland.Thebestpartaboutcartrips,saidHawkins,isthatyoucanbespontaneous."Onaroadtrip,ifyougetinterestedinthingsyouseealongthewayyoucanstopandexplore."MattRoberts,a20-year-oldstudentfromOhiowhodrovetoMontreal,Canada,agrees."Withroadtripsyoudonthavetoplaninadvance,youcanjustgetintoacaranddrive."Evenwithhighgasprices,drivingwithfriendsischeaperthanflying.Robertspaidabout40dollarsforgas,butaroundtripplaneticketwouldhavecostnearly400dollars.11/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理Drivingtripsfirstbecamepopularinthe1920s.Newlypavedroadsandimproved,carsmadeitpossibletotravellongerdistances.Motelsstartedappearingoutsidecities.Bythe1950s,carownershipbecamethenorm.ConstructionoftheUSinterstatehighwaysystembeganin1956andmotelandrestaurantchainspoppedup1everywheremakinglongdistancetripseasier.Today,theUShasthehighestcarownershiprateintheworld.Only8percentofAmericanhomeshavenocar,accordingtothemostrecentUScensus.Thoughmanycollegestudents’townacar,mosthaveaccesstoone.OnmanyofHawkins’trips,theyusedaborrowedvan.’mostmemorableroadtriptookplaceoverspringbreak.HeandtwofriendsdrovefromNewYorktoNewOrleanstovolunteer,helpingrebuildthecityafterHurricaneKatrinahititlastJuly.Theycrossedthecountryintwodaysandsleptintheircarinchurchparkinglots.RobertsroadtriptoCanadalastwinterwasevenmoreeventful.UponarrivinginMontreal,theywerelostinablizzardandshiveringinthe-°cold.Tofindtheirhotel,theyturnedonalaptopanddrovearoundincirclesuntiltheyfoundaspotwithwirelessInternetcoverage."Iknowweshouldhaveplannedbetter,butwe’reyoung.Now,whenIseethoseguysIalwayssay:‘Rememberwhenwewerelostinthesnowstorm!’I’llneverforgetthat."41WhichofthefollowingstatementsisofAmericancollegestudents?ATheyhavelittlemoney.BTheyliketravelingbybike.CTheyliketoexplorethecountry.DTheyoftenhaveplentyoffreetime.42WhatwillHawkinsdowhenheseessomethinginterestingonaroadtrip?AHewillturnback.BHewilldrivearound.12/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理CHewillstoptoexplore.DHewillstopexploring.43Whendidmotelssuddenlyappear?AAftertheworktobuildtheinterstatehighwaysystemstarted.BWhendrivingtripsbecamepopular.CAftermanyroadswerepaved.DAfternewcarsweremade.44Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribe’triptoNewOrlends?AEventful.BColourful.CDelightful.DUnforgettable.45Thewordblizzardinparagraph12canbereplacedbyAsnowstorm.BhurricanECmist.Dfog.五、補(bǔ)全短文。補(bǔ)全短文。LookingtothefutureWhenamagazineforhigh-schoolstudentsaskeditsreaderswhatlifewouldbelikeintwentyyears,theysaid:Machineswouldberunbysolarpower.Buildingswouldrotatesotheycouldfollowthesuntotakemaximumadvantageofitslightandheat.Wallswould“radiatelight〞and“changecolorwiththepushofabutton.〞foodwouldbereplacedbypills.__46__.Carswouldhaveradar.Doesthissoundliketheyear2000?__47__.13/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理Thefutureismuchtooimportanttosimplyguessabout,thewaythehighschoolstudentsdid,soexpertsareregularlyaskedtopredictaccurately.__48__.Butcanthey?Oneexpertoncitieswrote:citiesofthefuturewouldnotbecrowded,butwouldhavespaceforfarmsandfields.Peoplewouldtraveltoworkin“airbuses〞,largeall-weatherhelicopterscarryingupto200passengers.Whenapersonlefttheairbusstationhecoulddriveacoin-operatedcarequippedwithradar.Theradarequipmentofcarswouldmaketrafficaccidents“almostunheardof〞.Doesthatsoundfamiliar?Iftheexperthadbeenaccurateitwould,becausehewaswritingin1957.hissubjectwas“Thecityof1982〞.Iftheprofessionalssometimessoundlikehigh-schoolstudents,it’sprobablybecausefuturestudyisstillanewfielDButeconomicforecasting,orpredictingwhattheeconomywilldo,hasbeenaroundforalongtimEItshouldbeaccurate,andgenerallyitis.Buttherehavebeensomebigmistakesinthisfield,too.__49__.InOctoberofthatyear,thestockmarkethaditsworstlossesever,ruiningthousandsofinvestorswhohadputtheirfaithinfinancialforeseers.__50__.In1957,H.J.RandoftheRadCorporationwasaskedabouttheyear2000,“Onlyonethingiscertain,〞heanswereD“Childrenwillhavereachedtheageof43.〞ABycarefullystudyingthepresent,skilledbusinessmenscientists,andpoliticiansaresupposedlyabletofigureoutinadvancewhatwillhappen.BSchoolwouldbetaught“byelectricalimpulsewhilewesleep.〞COneforecasterknewthatpredictionsaboutthefuturewouldalwaysbesubjecttosignificanterrors.DInearly1929,mostforecasterssawanexcellentfutureforthestockmarket.EEveryonemaylooktothefutureforitisalwayspromising.FActually,thearticlewaswrittenin1958andthequestionwas,“whatwilllifebelikein1978?〞六、完型填空。.完型填空。HappyMarriage,HappyHeartHappilymarriedpeoplehavelowerbloodpressure51unhappilymarriedpeopleorsingles,aBrighamYoungUniversitystudysays.14/22WORD格式專(zhuān)業(yè)資料整理Ontheotherhand,evenhavingasupportivesocialnetworkdidnottranslateintoabloodpressurebenefitforsinglesorunhappily__52people1,accordingtothestudy."ThereseemtobesomeuniquehealthbenefitsfrommarriagEIt’snotjustbeingmarried53benefitshealth-what’sreallythemostprotectiveofhealthishavingahappy54"studyauthorJulianneHolt-Lunstad,apsychologistwhospecializesinrelationshipsandhealth,saidinapreparedstatement.Thestudyincluded204marriedand9955adultswhoworeportablebloodpressuremonitorsfor24hours.The56recordedbloodpressureatrandomintervalsandprovidedatotalofabout72readings."Wewantedtocaptureparticipants’bloodpressuredoingwhatevertheynormally57ineveryday