仁愛英語八年級下冊-語法復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí)講解學(xué)習(xí)

仁愛英語八年級下冊語法復(fù)習(xí)練習(xí),系動詞及用法。大多數(shù)聯(lián)系動詞后面接形容詞，seem后還可接不定式,be后可接副詞、名詞、介詞短語等。聯(lián)系動詞和后面的表語一起構(gòu)成句子的謂語。初中階段常見的聯(lián)系動詞有be,look（看起來）,seem（似乎，好像），feel（感覺，感到），sound所起來），smell（聞起來），taste（嘗起來），get（變），become使得，成為），turn（變），go（變），grow（變），等。表示變化的系動詞的區(qū)別：天氣變化用get;顏色的變化用turn;由好變壞用go;逐漸變化用grow;好變壞、壞變好用become或get;成為用become.翻譯下歹!J句型：.這朵花聞起來很香（sweet .這種食物嘗起來是可口的（delicious）.她似乎很擔(dān)心。 .她感到煩惱。 .這首歌聽起來很優(yōu)美。 .樹木變得越來越綠。 .我感到失望。 .天氣變得越來越暖和。 ,狀語從句二，狀語從句種類連接詞注意點 I時間狀語when,while,before,aftei\mitil,<issoonas,主句表示將求意義時，從句須用?股現(xiàn)在時;whik引導(dǎo)的從句中動詞一段是延續(xù)性的：un恤年在肯定句中主句動詞是延續(xù)性的，而否定句中主句動詞為短哲性的口地點狀語wliere.原因狀語because,since+because語”最強，since較弱，表示大家都明了的原曲as又次之? ]條件狀語unless,islongas;從句中動詞時態(tài)不可月將來時,常用一般時目的狀語so也吼inorderthat.sothat和inorderthat后常接may.should,couldjwould等情態(tài)動詞結(jié)果狀語’so...that,such...thatHetookoffhiscoathefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.sinceItisthatwe'diketogooutforawalk.A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyadayMaryhadmuchworktodothatshewasbusyallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.veryfeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif1.thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As.wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Themoment7.WritetomeassoonasyoutoBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got布魯斯太太對學(xué)生非常親切,以至于學(xué)生都很喜歡她。MrsBrucewas kindtoherstudents theyall herverymuch.只要我們竭盡全力，父母就會滿意我們的表應(yīng)Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformancewetryourbest.你一到上海就給我打個電話好嗎？Willyoupleasecallme yougettoShanghai.雖然她很忙，她還堅持自學(xué)英語。 ,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.他長大后想當一名老師。Hewantstobeateacher .如果人人為保護環(huán)境做出貢獻，世界將會變得更美好。 toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.李明昨天沒來上學(xué)，因為他病了。LiMingdidn’tcometoschool 、賓語從句賓語從句的連接詞賓語從句是一種主從復(fù)合句，在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語。根據(jù)賓語從句原先(做賓語之前)的句式，我們把賓語從句分為三類。.賓語從句原先是陳述句的，由that連接。that只有語法作用，沒有實在的意義，可省略。Hesaid.Hewantedtostayathome.Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesn’tknow.Sheisseriouslyill.Shedoesn’tknow Iamsure.Hewillsucceed.Iamsure .賓語從句原先是特殊疑問句的，由其本身疑問詞連接。連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how^這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如：Doyouknow？Who(whom)aretheywaitingfor?Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellme?WhereistheNo.3busstop? Idon’tknow.Whyisthetrainlate? .賓語從句原先是一般疑問句的， 由if或whether。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。Iwanttoknow.Doeshelivethere? Iwanttoknowifhelivesthere?Heaskedme.WasthereabookstoreonCenterStreet? 賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句(主謂式)的語序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.賓語從句的時態(tài)如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。如：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)過去時態(tài)(一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時)。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.賓語從句的口訣：學(xué)習(xí)賓從要注意，時態(tài)語序和連詞。時態(tài)主從要呼應(yīng)：主句若為現(xiàn)在時，從句時態(tài)隨句意。主句若為過去時，從句時態(tài)變過去。賓從所示表真理，時態(tài)不變不懷疑。語序要用陳述序，切莫照搬疑問旬。That連接陳述旬，省與不省要注意。從句若表“是否”時，if/whether要牢記。特殊問句做賓語，仍用原來疑問詞。三個問題要記牢，切莫丟東又往西。( )1．Theywanttoknow dotohelpus.A.whattheycanB.howtheycanC.howcantheyD.whatcanthey( )2．Histeacher he brightand hewasworthteaching.A.didn’tthink;was;thatB.thoughtwas;whetherC.didn'tthink;was;xD.thought;wasn't;x( )3． we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where學(xué)習(xí)賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時態(tài)。 1.引導(dǎo)詞．從句為陳述句，常選擇引導(dǎo)詞that或?qū)hat省略，直接與主句相連。.從何為一般疑問句，常選擇if或whether。在whether…ornot結(jié)構(gòu)中不能用if替換。3．從句為特殊疑問句，常選擇 what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代、副詞作引導(dǎo)詞。注意：當who為主語時，句式為：who+謂語+其他.判斷時態(tài)情況1．主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句為各種時態(tài)情況。2．主句是一般過去時，從句為各種相應(yīng)過去時態(tài)注意；描繪客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時。)1.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatthesun round.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are)2.Ibelievethatourteam thebasketballmatch.A.winB.wonC.willwinD.wins)3.Idon’tknow tovisittheoldman.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.who.賓語從句的用法1．that引導(dǎo)賓語從句無意義，不充當句子成分常省略。但下列情況除外：.介詞賓語從句的that不省略.and連接的幾個從句，第二個從旬以后的從何的 that不省略。Hetoldme(that)hehadtwosonsandthattheybothhadgonetocollege..在動詞+it+賓語補足語+賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu)中，that不省略。IhearditsaidthathehadgoneabroadWefounditimpossiblethathecouldfinishitinsuchashorttime.Whether,if引導(dǎo)賓語從句：兩詞可互換，但是下列情形除外：(1)whether從句中有ornot(2)介詞后用whether.Eerythingdependsonwhetheryouagreewithus3．賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序錯:Heiswonderingwhencanhefinishthisdifficultjob.正:Heiswondering finishthisdifficultjob.帶有賓語從句的復(fù)合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。即否定前移。錯:Ithinkhedoesn’tliketheEnglishteacher..正:I thinkhe theEnglishteacher..主句一般過去時態(tài)，從句也要用過去時態(tài)；即主過從過。錯:Hewantedtoknowwhyheiscryinginthecorner.正:Hewantedtoknow cryinginthecorner.賓語從句從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。Idon'tknow hewillcometomorrow. hecomes,I'lltellyou．A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;IfIdon'tknow thedayaftertomorrow.

A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeifhecomeswhetherhe'llcomeA.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeifhecomeswhetherhe'llcomeCouldyoutellme thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.whereCouldyoutellme theradiowithoutanyhelp?A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemended D.whathemendedIwanttoknow . A.whomisshelookingafterwhomsheislookingC.whomisshelooking D.whomsheislookingafterDoyouknowwhere now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didheliveDoyouknowwhattime ?A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleavesIdon'tknow .Canyoutellme,please?A.howthetwoplayersareold B.howoldarethetwoplayersC.thetwoplayersarehowold D.howoldthetwoplayersareThesmallchildrendon'tknow .B.whatisintheirstockingsD.whatintheirstockingsA.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockingsD.whatintheirstockingsC.whereistheirstockingsinIcan'tunderstandA.whatdoesChristmasmean B.whatChristmasdoesmeanC.whatmeanChristmasdoes D.whatChristmasmeans按要求轉(zhuǎn)換句型。DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyoutellus?（改寫句子）Couldyoutellus Mr.Brown livinginChina?"Doesthegirlneedanyhelp?heaskedme.（變?yōu)閺?fù)合旬）Heaskedme thegirl somehe．lpJimisnotastudent.Tomisnotastudent,eitheR合并為一個句子） Jim Tomisastudent.Whendoesthetrainleave?Iwanttoknow.（改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合句）Iwanttoknow thetrain .Theywenthomeaftertheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.用（not．．．until改寫）They gohome theyhadfinishedtheirhomewo．rkDidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.改為含賓語從句的復(fù)合旬）LiLeiwantstoknow Peter hereyesterday.賓語從句專項訓(xùn)練參考答案：I.1—5DDDCD6—10ADDBDII.1.if／whether;enjoys2.if／whether;needed3.Neither;nor4.when;leaves5.didn't;until6.whether;came四，形容詞和副詞比較等級：nChinafamiliesarebecoming with children.A,small,fewB,smaller,fewerC,smallest,fewestD,smaller,less.Whydoesshelookso ?Didshehailintheexamagain?A,interestedB,excitingC,unhappyD,surprised.Thebosstriedtofinishtheworkwith moneyand people.A,less,fewerB,fewer,fewC,few,less,D,little,less.Mikewenttoschooltodaybecausehefelt .A,enoughwellB,goodenoughC,enoughgoodD,wellenough’msorryI’mlate.Thereis withmybike.A,anythingwrongB,somethingwrongC,wronganythingD,wrongsomething26.What’sthematterwithTom?Helooks .A,unhappyB,hungrilyC,sadlyD,happily27.NowMr.Browndrivesmuch thanhedidtwoyearsago.A,carefulB,carefullyC,morecarefulD,morecarefully28.Isthere intoday’snewspaper?A,somethingnewB,newsomethingC,anynewthingsD,anythingnew29.Whichis ,cotton,woodoriron?A,heavierB,heaviestC,theheaviestD,themostheaviest30.Inmyopinion,Timdoesn’twriteEnglish hissister.A,asclearasB,soclearasC,moreclearlyasD,asclearlyas.A:Isthere intoday’snewspaper?B:Yes.A,anythingimportantB,anyimportantthingC,importantanythingD,anythingsimportant.Hespoke foreveryoneintheclasstohear.A,enoughloudB,loudenoughC,louderenoughD,enoughlouder.Yourideasoundsmuch thanhis.A,interestingB,interestedC,moreinterestingD,moreinterested.Shipscomeandgoontheriver boats.A,asnoisyasB,noisierthanC,asnoisilyasD,muchnoisilythan.Thetraintravelsattopspeed.Theunderlinedpartmeans .A,thebestB,thetallestC,thefastestD,thefarthest詞性變換：’mafraidthatIcan’tafford(負擔(dān))suchan cellphone.(expense).Dogscanhelpblindpeoplewalkacrossthestreet .(safe).Pleasereadthetestpaper beforeyoudoit.(careful).Thereare than200passengersonhisplane.(much).Hereisa presentforyourbirthday.(love).Heisnotas tousashissister.(friend).You helpedmealot.Thankyouverymuchindeed.(real).Thelittlegirlwasso whenshesawthetrafficaccident.(frighten)形容詞、副詞參考答案 21-30BCADBADDCD31-35ABCCC詞性變換：1.expensive2.safely3.carefully4.more5.lovely6.friendly7.really8.frightened五，動詞不定基本形式：to+動詞原形(肯定形式) Notto+動詞原形(否定形式)特征：沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。常用句型： It’s+adj(+forsb)+todosth.Too+adj+todosth.動詞不定可以跟疑問詞連用。例如.Idon’tknowwhattodo\howtodoit.Whatdoyouwant (be)whenyougrowup?Thepoliceofficertoldtheboys (notplay)soccerontheroad.Tonyaskedhisgrandpa (give)himatoycarforhisbirthday.Hedecided (make)decisionsbyhimselffromnowon.Theworkersplan (build)thebridgeintwoyears.Iamreallysorry (hear)that.Wouldyoulikesomething (drink)?Hisbrothertaughthim (play)basketball.LiYangadvisedme (_notdrink)toomuch.Youneed (see)adoctorwhenyouhaveheadachesoften.六，常用的表達方1,關(guān)于花費：Sth.costsb.彼Sb.spend+寸錢in、 時todosth.Sb.pa淮forsth.I'minterestedinanimals,soI___everysaturdayworkinginananimalhospital.A.PayB.costC.takeD.spendTheyspendtoomuchtime thereport.A.writingB.towriteC.onwritingD.write--Whatbeautifulshoesyou’rewearing!Theymustbeexpensive．--No，theyonly l0yuan.A．spentB．tookC．paidD．cost--WillyoupleaseformydinnerPeter?--Sure!A.spendB.payC.costD.takeItwill metoomuchtimetoreadthisbook.A.takeB.costC.spendD.payThissciencebook__meagreatamountofmoney.A.tookB.costCusedD.spent-Doyouoftengetonline?-Yes,I lotsoftimeonit.It’sagoodwaytokilltime.A.costB.spendC.takeD.pay2，特殊疑問詞 +不定式。 (whattodo\howtodoit)3，表示方位的介詞區(qū)別Inthe+方位名詞+of…指某一范圍內(nèi)的地區(qū)。(中國，北京)tothe+方位名詞+of…指互不接壤互不管轄的地區(qū)。(中國，日本)onthe+方位名詞+of…相互接壤但互不管轄的地區(qū)。(中國，尼泊爾)()1TheUnitedStates