2023年聯(lián)合國國際貨物買賣合同公約中英文對照

?結(jié)合國國際貨物買賣合同公約?中英文對照UnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods(1980)[CISG]?結(jié)合國國際貨物買賣合同公約?共分為四個局部：〔1〕適用范圍；〔2〕合同的成立；〔3〕貨物買賣；〔4〕最后條款。全文共101條。公約的主要內(nèi)容包括以下四個方面：1.公約的根本原那么。建立國際經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序的原那么、平等互利原那么與兼顧不同社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)和法律制度的原那么。這些根本原那么是執(zhí)行、解釋和修訂公約的根據(jù)也是處理國際貨物買賣關(guān)系和開展國際貿(mào)易關(guān)系的準(zhǔn)繩。2.適用范圍。第一公約只適用于國際貨物買賣合同即營業(yè)地在不同的雙方當(dāng)事人之間所訂立的貨物買賣合同但對某些貨物的國際買賣不能適用該公約作了明確規(guī)定。第二公約適用于當(dāng)事人在締約國內(nèi)有營業(yè)地的合同但假設(shè)根據(jù)適用于“合同〞的沖突標(biāo)準(zhǔn)該“合同〞應(yīng)適用某一締約國的法律在這種情況下也應(yīng)適用“銷售合同公約〞而不合同當(dāng)事人在該締約國有無營業(yè)所。對此規(guī)定締約國在批準(zhǔn)或者參加時可以聲明保存。第三雙方當(dāng)事人可以在合同中明確規(guī)定不適用該公約?！策m用范圍不允許締約國保存〕3.合同的訂立。包括合同的形式和發(fā)價〔要約〕與承受〔承諾〕的法律效力。4.買方和賣方的權(quán)利義務(wù)。第一賣方責(zé)任主要表現(xiàn)為三項(xiàng)義務(wù)：交付貨物；移交一切與貨物有關(guān)的單據(jù)；移轉(zhuǎn)貨物的所有權(quán)。第二買方的責(zé)任主要表現(xiàn)為兩項(xiàng)義務(wù)：支付貨物價款；收取貨物。第三詳細(xì)規(guī)定賣方和買方違背合同時的補(bǔ)救。第四規(guī)定了風(fēng)險轉(zhuǎn)移的幾種情況。第五明確了根本違背合同和預(yù)違背合同的含義以及當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生時當(dāng)事人雙方所應(yīng)履行的義務(wù)。第六對免責(zé)根據(jù)的條件作了明確的規(guī)定。補(bǔ)充：CISG結(jié)合國國際貨物銷售合同公約(theUnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoods)。根據(jù)結(jié)合國大會的受權(quán)結(jié)合國國際貨物銷售合同會議于1980年3月10日至4月11日在奧地利維也納舉行〔維也納會議〕共62個的代表出席。在這次會議上通過了該公約。1988年公約在到達(dá)法定批準(zhǔn)數(shù)額后正式生效。我國于1986年12月向結(jié)合國遞交了該公約的批準(zhǔn)書成為該公約的締約國。但在參加公約時根據(jù)第95、96條的規(guī)定我國對該公約1條以及條款b項(xiàng)作了保存。THESTATESPARTIESTOTHISCONVENTION,BEARINGINMINDthebroadobjectivesintheresolutionsadoptedbythesixthspecialsessionoftheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNationsontheestablishmentofaNewInternationalEconomicOrder,CONSIDERINGthatthedevelopmentofinternationaltradeonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefitisanimportantelementinpromotingfriendlyrelationsamongStates,BEINGOFTHEOPINIONthattheadoptionofuniformruleswhigoverncontractsfortheinternationalsaleofgoodsandtakeintoaccountthedifferentsocial,economicandlegalsystemswouldcontributetotheremovaloflegalbarriersininternationaltradeandpromotethedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,HAVEDECREEDasfollows:本公約各締約國銘刻結(jié)合國大會第六屆特別會議通過的建立新的國際經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的各項(xiàng)的廣泛目的考慮到在平等互利根底上開展國際貿(mào)易是促進(jìn)各國間友好關(guān)系的一個重要因素認(rèn)為采用照顧到不同的社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)和法律制度的國際貨物銷售合同統(tǒng)一規(guī)那么將有助于減少國際貿(mào)易的法律障礙促進(jìn)國際貿(mào)易的開展茲協(xié)議如下：PARTISPHEREOFAPPLICATIONANDGENERALPROVISIONS適用范圍和總那么apterISPHEREOFAPPLICATION適用范圍Article1(1)ThisConventionappliestocontractsofsaleofgoodsbetweenpartieswhoseplacesofbusinessareindifferentStates:本公約適用于營業(yè)地在不同的當(dāng)事人之間所訂立的貨物銷售合同(a)whentheStatesareContractingStates;or假設(shè)這些是締約國；或(b)whentherulesofprivateinternationallawleadtotheapplicationofthelawofaContractingState.假設(shè)國際私法規(guī)那么導(dǎo)致適用某一締約國的法律(2)ThefactthatthepartieshavetheirplacesofbusinessindifferentStatesistobedisregardedwheneverthisfactdoesnotappeareitherfromthecontractorfromanydealingsbetween,orfrominformationdisclosedby,thepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract.當(dāng)事人營業(yè)地在不同的假設(shè)從合同或從訂立合同前任何時候或訂立合同時當(dāng)事人之間的任何交易或當(dāng)事人透露的情報均看不出應(yīng)不予考慮。(3)NeitherthenationalityofthepartiesnorthecivilormercialaracterofthepartiesorofthecontractistobetakenintoconsiderationindeterminingtheapplicationofthisConvention.在確定本公約的適用時當(dāng)事人的國籍和當(dāng)事人或合同的民事或商業(yè)性質(zhì)應(yīng)不予考慮。Article2ThisConventiondoesnotapplytosales:本公約不適用于以下的銷售(a)ofgoodsboughtforpersonal,familyorhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,atanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract,neitherknewnoroughttohaveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuuse;購供私人、家人或家庭使用的貨物的銷售除非賣方在訂立合同前任何時候或訂立合同時不知道而且沒有理由知道這些貨物是購供任何這種使用(b)byauction;經(jīng)由拍賣的銷售(c)onexecutionorotherwisebyauthorityoflaw;根據(jù)法律執(zhí)行狀或其它狀的銷售(d)ofstocks,shares,investmentsecurities,negotiableinstrumentsormoney;公債、股票、、流通票據(jù)或貨幣的銷售(e)ofships,vessels,hovercraftoraircraft;船舶、船只、氣墊船或飛機(jī)的銷售(f)ofelectricity.電力的銷售Article3(1)Contractsforthesplyofgoodstobemanufacturedorproducedaretobeconsideredsalesunlessthepartywhoordersthegoodsundertakestosplyasubstantialpartofthematerialsnecessaryforsumanufactureorproduction.供應(yīng)尚待制造或消費(fèi)的貨物的合同應(yīng)視為銷售合同除非訂購貨物的當(dāng)事人保證供應(yīng)這種制造或消費(fèi)所需的大局部重要材料(2)ThisConventiondoesnotapplytocontractsinwhithepreponderantpartoftheobligationsofthepartywhofurnishesthegoodsconsistsinthesplyoflabourorotherservices.本公約不適用于供應(yīng)貨物一方的絕大局部義務(wù)在于供應(yīng)勞力或其它效勞的合同Article4ThisConventiongovernsonlytheformationofthecontractofsaleandtherightsandobligationsofthesellerandthebuyerarisingfromsuacontract.Inparticular,exceptasotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisConvention,itisnotconcernedwith:本公約只適用于銷售合同的訂立和賣方和買方因此種合同而產(chǎn)生的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。特別是本公約除非另有明文規(guī)定與以下事項(xiàng)無關(guān)(a)thevalidityofthecontractorofanyofitsprovisionsorofanyusage;合同的效力或其任何條款的效力或任何慣例的效力(b)theeffectwhithecontractmayhaveonthepropertyinthegoodssold.合同對所售貨物所有權(quán)可能產(chǎn)生的影響Article5ThisConventiondoesnotapplytotheliabilityofthesellerfordeathorpersonalinjurycausedbythegoodstoanyperson.本公約不適用于賣方對于貨物對任何人所造成的亡或傷害的責(zé)任Article6ThepartiesmayexcludetheapplicationofthisConventionor,subjecttoarticle12,derogatefromorvarytheeffectofanyofitsprovisions.雙方當(dāng)事人可以不適用本公約或在第十二條的條件下減損本公約的任何規(guī)定或改變其效力apterIIGENERALPROVISIONS總那么Article7(1)IntheinterpretationofthisConvention,regardistobehadtoitsinternationalaracterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplicationandtheobservanceofgoodfaithininternationaltrade.在解釋本公約時應(yīng)考慮到本公約的國際性質(zhì)和促進(jìn)其適用的統(tǒng)一以及在國際貿(mào)易上遵守誠信的需要(2)QuestionsconcerningmattersgovernedbythisConventionwhiarenotexpresslysettledinitaretobesettledinconformitywiththegeneralprinciplesonwhiitisbasedor,intheabsenceofsuprinciples,inconformitywiththelawapplicablebyvirtueoftherulesofprivateinternationallaw.凡本公約未明確解決的屬于本公約范圍的問題應(yīng)按照本公約所根據(jù)的一般原那么來解決在沒有一般原那么的情況下那么應(yīng)按照國際私法規(guī)定適用的法律來解決Article8(1)ForthepurposesofthisConventionstatementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtohisintentwheretheotherpartykneworcouldnothavebeenunawarewhatthatintentwas.為本公約的目的一方當(dāng)事人所作的聲明和其它行為應(yīng)按照他的意旨解釋假設(shè)另一方當(dāng)事人道或者不可能不知道此一意旨(2)Iftheprecedingparagraphisnotapplicable,statementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtotheunderstandingthatareasonablepersonofthesamekindastheotherpartywouldhavehadinthesamecircumstances.假設(shè)上一款的規(guī)定不適用當(dāng)事人所作的聲明和其它行為應(yīng)按照一個與另一方當(dāng)事人同等資格、通情達(dá)理的人處于一樣情況中應(yīng)有的理解來解釋(3)Indeterminingtheintentofapartyortheunderstandingareasonablepersonwouldhavehad,dueconsiderationistobegiventoallrelevantcircumstancesofthecaseincludingthenegotiations,anypracticeswhithepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselves,usagesandanysubsequentconductoftheparties.在確定一方當(dāng)事人的意旨或一個通情達(dá)理的人應(yīng)有的理解時應(yīng)適當(dāng)?shù)乜紤]到與有關(guān)的一切情況包括會談情形、當(dāng)事人之間確立的任何習(xí)慣作法、慣例和當(dāng)事人其后的任何行為Article9(1)Thepartiesareboundbyanyusagetowhitheyhaveagreedandbyanypracticeswhitheyhaveestablishedbetweenthemselves.雙方當(dāng)事人業(yè)已同意的任何慣例和他們之間確立的任何習(xí)慣做法對雙方當(dāng)事人均有約束力(2)Thepartiesareconsidered,unlessotherwiseagreed,tohaveimpliedlymadeapplicabletotheircontractoritsformationausageofwhithepartieskneworoughttohaveknownandwhiininternationaltradeiswidelyknownto,andregularlyobservedby,partiestocontractsofthetypeinvolvedintheparticulartradeconcerned.除非另有協(xié)議雙方當(dāng)事人應(yīng)視為已默示地同意對他們的合同或合同的訂立適用雙方當(dāng)事人道或理應(yīng)知道的慣例而這種慣例在國際貿(mào)易上已為有關(guān)特定貿(mào)易所涉同類合同的當(dāng)事人所廣泛知道并為他們所經(jīng)常遵守Article10ForthepurposesofthisConvention:為本公約的目的(a)ifapartyhasmorethanoneplaceofbusiness,theplaceofbusinessisthatwhihastheclosestrelationshiptothecontractanditsperformance,havingregardtothecircumstancesknowntoorconlatedbythepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract;果當(dāng)事人有一個以上的營業(yè)地那么以與合同及合同的履行關(guān)系最親的營業(yè)地為其營業(yè)地但要考慮到雙方當(dāng)事人在訂立合同前任何時候或訂立合同時所知道或所設(shè)想的情況(b)ifapartydoesnothaveaplaceofbusiness,referenceistobemadetohishabitualresidence.假設(shè)當(dāng)事人沒有營業(yè)地那么以其慣常居住地為準(zhǔn)Article11Acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.銷售合同無須以書面訂立或書面證明在形式方面也不受任何其它條件的限制。銷售合同可以用包括人證在內(nèi)的任何證明Article12Anyprovisionofarticle11,article29orPartIIofthisConventionthatallowsacontractofsaleoritsmodificationorterminationbyagreementoranyoffer,acceptanceorotherindicationofintentiontobemadeinanyformotherthaninwritingdoesnotapplywhereanypartyhashisplaceofbusinessinaContractingStatewhihasmadeadeclarationunderarticle96ofthisConvention.Thepartiesmaynotderogatefromorvarytheeffectorthisarticle.本公約1條、第29條或第二局部準(zhǔn)許銷售合同或其更改或根據(jù)協(xié)議終止或者任何發(fā)價、承受或其它意旨表示得以書面以外任何形式做出的任何規(guī)定不適用假設(shè)任何一方當(dāng)事人的營業(yè)地是在已按照本公約第96條做出了聲明的一個締約國內(nèi)各當(dāng)事人不得減損本條或改變其效力Article13ForthepurposesofthisConvention"writing"includestelegramandtelex.為本公約的目的“書面〞包括電報和電傳PARTIIFORMATIONOFTHECONTRACT合同的訂立Article14(1)Aproposalforconcludingacontractaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsconstitutesanofferifitissufficientlydefiniteandindicatestheintentionoftheofferortobeboundincaseofacceptance.Aproposalissufficientlydefiniteifitindicatesthegoodsandexpresslyorimplicitlyfixesormakesprovisionfordeterminingthequantityandtheprice.向一個或一個以上特定的人提出的訂立合同的建議假設(shè)非常確定并且說明發(fā)價人在得到承受時承受約束的意旨即構(gòu)成發(fā)價。一個建議假設(shè)寫明貨物并且明示或暗示地規(guī)定數(shù)量和價格或規(guī)定如何確定數(shù)量和價格即為非常確定(2)Aproposalotherthanoneaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsistobeconsideredmerelyasaninvitationtomakeoffers,unlessthecontraryisclearlyindicatedbythepersonmakingtheproposal.非向一個或一個以上特定的人提出的建議僅應(yīng)視為邀請做出發(fā)價除非提出建議的人明確地表示相反的意向Article15(1)Anofferbeeseffectivewhenitreaestheofferee.發(fā)價于送達(dá)被發(fā)價人時生效(2)Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,maybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreaestheoffereebeforeoratthesametimeastheoffer.一項(xiàng)發(fā)價即使是不可撤銷的得予撤回假設(shè)撤回于發(fā)價送達(dá)被發(fā)價人之前或同時送達(dá)被發(fā)價人Article16(1)Untilacontractisconcludedanoffermayberevokediftherevocationreaestheoffereebeforehehasdispatedanacceptance.在未訂立合同之前發(fā)價得予撤銷假設(shè)撤銷于被發(fā)價人發(fā)出承受之前送達(dá)被發(fā)價人(2)However,anoffercannotberevoked:但在以下情況下發(fā)價不得撤銷(a)ifitindicates,whetherbystatingafixedtimeforacceptanceorotherwise,thatitisirrevocable;or發(fā)價寫明承受發(fā)價的限或以其它方式表示發(fā)價是不可撤銷的；或(b)ifitwasreasonablefortheoffereetorelyontheofferasbeingirrevocableandtheoffereehasactedinrelianceontheoffer.被發(fā)價人有理由信賴該項(xiàng)發(fā)價是不可撤銷的而且被發(fā)價人已本著對該項(xiàng)發(fā)價的信賴行事Article17Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,isterminatedwhenarejectionreaestheofferor.一項(xiàng)發(fā)價即使是不可撤銷的于回絕送達(dá)發(fā)價人時終止Article18(1)Astatementmadebyorotherconductoftheoffereeindicatingassenttoanofferisanacceptance.Silenceorinactivitydoesnotinitselfamounttoacceptance.被發(fā)價人聲明或做出其它行為表示同意一項(xiàng)發(fā)價即是承受沉默或不行動本身不等于承受(2)Anacceptanceofanofferbeeseffectiveatthemomenttheindicationofassentreaestheofferor.Anacceptanceisnoteffectiveiftheindicationofassentdoesnotreatheofferorwithinthetimehehasfixedor,ifnotimeisfixed,withinareasonabletime,dueaccountbeingtakenofthecircumstancesofthetransaction,includingtherapidityofthemeansofmunicationemployedbytheofferor.Anoraloffermustbeacceptedimmediatelyunlessthecircumstancesindicateotherwise.承受發(fā)價于表示同意的送達(dá)發(fā)價人時生效。假設(shè)表示同意的在發(fā)價人所規(guī)定的時間內(nèi)如未規(guī)定時間在一段合理的時間內(nèi)未曾送達(dá)發(fā)價人承受就成為無效但須適當(dāng)?shù)乜紤]到交易的情況包括發(fā)價人所使用的的迅速程序。對口頭發(fā)價必須立即承受但情況有別者不在此限(3)However,if,byvirtueoftheofferorasaresultofpracticeswhithepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselvesorofusage,theoffereemayindicateassentbyperforminganact,suasonerelatingtothedispatofthegoodsorpaymentoftheprice,withoutnoticetotheofferor,theacceptanceiseffectiveatthemomenttheactisperformed,providedthattheactisperformedwithintheperiodoftimelaiddownintheprecedingparagraph.但是假設(shè)根據(jù)該項(xiàng)發(fā)價或按照當(dāng)事人之間確立的習(xí)慣作法和慣例被發(fā)價人可以做出某種行為例如與發(fā)運(yùn)貨物或支付價款有關(guān)的行為來表示同意而無須向發(fā)價人發(fā)出那么承受于該項(xiàng)行為做出時生效但該項(xiàng)行為必須在上一款所規(guī)定的間內(nèi)做出Article19(1)Areplytoanofferwhipurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditions,limitationsorothermodificationsisarejectionoftheofferandconstitutesacounter-offer.對發(fā)價表示承受但載有添加、限制或其它更改的答復(fù)即為回絕該項(xiàng)發(fā)價并構(gòu)成還價(2)However,areplytoanofferwhipurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditionalordifferenttermswhidonotmateriallyalterthetermsoftheofferconstitutesanacceptance,unlesstheofferor,withoutunduedelay,objectsorallytothediscrepancyordispatesanoticetothateffect.Ifhedoesnotsoobject,thetermsofthecontractarethetermsoftheofferwiththemodificationscontainedintheacceptance.但是對發(fā)價表示承受但載有添加或不同條件的答復(fù)如所載的添加或不同條件在本質(zhì)上并不變更該項(xiàng)發(fā)價的條件除發(fā)價人在不過分遲延的間內(nèi)以口頭或書面反對其間的差異外仍構(gòu)成承受。假設(shè)發(fā)價人不做出這種反對合同的條件就以該項(xiàng)發(fā)價的條件以及承受內(nèi)所載的更改為準(zhǔn)(3)Additionalordifferenttermsrelating,amongotherthings,totheprice,payment,qualityandquantityofthegoods,placeandtimeofdelivery,extentofoneparty'sliabilitytotheotherorthesettlementofdisputesareconsideredtoalterthetermsoftheoffermaterially.有關(guān)貨物價格、付款、貨物質(zhì)量和數(shù)量、交貨地點(diǎn)和時間、一方當(dāng)事人對另一方當(dāng)事人的賠償責(zé)任范圍或解決爭端等等的添加或不同條件均視為在本質(zhì)上變更發(fā)價的條件Article20(1)Aperiodoftimeforacceptancefixedbytheofferorinatelegramoraletterbeginstorunfromthemomentthetelegramishandedinfordispatorfromthedateshownontheletteror,ifnosudateisshown,fromthedateshownontheenvelope.Aperiodoftimeforacceptancefixedbytheofferorbytelephone,telexorothermeansofinstantaneousmunication,beginstorunfromthemomentthattheofferreaestheofferee.發(fā)價人在電報或信件內(nèi)規(guī)定的承受間從電報交發(fā)時刻或信上載明的發(fā)信日起算如信上未載明發(fā)信日那么從信封上所載日起算。發(fā)價人以、電傳或其它快速規(guī)定的承受間從發(fā)價送達(dá)被發(fā)價人時起算(2)Officialholidaysornon-businessdaysoccurringduringtheperiodforacceptanceareincludedincalculatingtheperiod.However,ifanoticeofacceptancecannotbedeliveredattheaddressoftheofferoronthelastdayoftheperiodbecausethatdayfallsonanofficialholidayoranon-businessdayattheplaceofbusinessoftheofferor,theperiodisextendeduntilthefirstbusinessdaywhifollows.在計算承受間時承受間內(nèi)的正式假日或非營業(yè)日應(yīng)計算在內(nèi)。但是假設(shè)承受在承受間的最后１天未能送到發(fā)價人因?yàn)槟翘煸诎l(fā)價人營業(yè)地是正式假日或非營業(yè)日那么承受間應(yīng)順延至下一個營業(yè)日Article21(1)Alateacceptanceisneverthelesseffectiveasanacceptanceifwithoutdelaytheofferororallysoinformstheoffereeordispatesanoticetothateffect.逾承受仍有承受的效力假設(shè)發(fā)價人毫不遲延地用口頭或書面將此種被發(fā)價人(2)Ifaletterorotherwritingcontainingalateacceptanceshowsthatithasbeensentinsucircumstancesthatifitstranissionhadbeennormalitwouldhavereaedtheofferorinduetime,thelateacceptanceiseffectiveasanacceptanceunless,withoutdelay,theofferororallyinformstheoffereethatheconsidershisofferashavinglapsedordispatesanoticetothateffect.假設(shè)載有逾承受的信件或其它書面說明它是在傳遞正常、能及時送達(dá)發(fā)價人的情況下寄發(fā)的那么該項(xiàng)逾承受具有承受的效力除非發(fā)價人毫不遲延地用口頭或書面被發(fā)價人：他認(rèn)為他的發(fā)價已經(jīng)失效Article22Anacceptancemaybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreaestheofferorbeforeoratthesametimeastheacceptancewouldhavebeeeffective.承受得予撤回假設(shè)撤回于承受原應(yīng)生效之前或同時送達(dá)發(fā)價人Article23AcontractisconcludedatthemomentwhenanacceptanceofanofferbeeseffectiveinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisConvention.合同于按照本公約規(guī)定對發(fā)價的承受生效時訂立Article24ForthepurposesofthisPartoftheConvention,anoffer,declarationofacceptanceoranyotherindicationofintention"reaes"theaddresseewhenitismadeorallytohimordeliveredbyanyothermeanstohimpersonally,tohisplaceofbusinessormailingaddressor,ifhedoesnothaveaplaceofbusinessormailingaddress,tohishabitualresidence.為公約本局部的目的發(fā)價、承受聲明或任何其它意旨表示“送達(dá)〞對方系指用口頭對方或通過任何其它送交對方本人或其營業(yè)地或如無營業(yè)地或那么送交對方慣常居住地PARTIIISALEOFGOODS貨物銷售apterIGENERALPROVISIONS總那么Article25Abreaofcontractmittedbyoneofthepartiesisfundamentalifitresultsinsudetrimenttotheotherpartyassubstantiallytodeprivehimofwhatheisentitledtoexpectunderthecontract,unlessthepartyinbreadidnotforeseeandareasonablepersonofthesamekindinthesamecircumstanceswouldnothaveforeseensuaresult.一方當(dāng)事人違背合同的結(jié)果如使另一方當(dāng)事人蒙受損害以致于實(shí)際上剝奪了他根據(jù)合同規(guī)定有權(quán)待得到的東西即為根本違背合同除非違背合同一方并不預(yù)知而且一個同等資格、通情達(dá)理的人處于一樣情況中也沒有理由預(yù)知會發(fā)生這種結(jié)果Article26Adeclarationofavoidanceofthecontractiseffectiveonlyifmadebynoticetotheotherparty.宣告合同無效的聲明必須向另一方當(dāng)事人發(fā)出方始有效Article27UnlessotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisPartoftheConvention,ifanynotice,requestorothermunicationisgivenormadebyapartyinaccordancewiththisPartandbymeansappropriateinthecircumstances,adelayorerrorinthetranissionofthemunicationoritsfailuretoarrivedoesnotdeprivethatpartyoftherighttorelyonthemunication.除非公約本局部另有明文規(guī)定當(dāng)事人按照本局部的規(guī)定以適宜情況的發(fā)出任何、要求或其它后這種如在傳遞上發(fā)生耽誤或錯誤或者未能到達(dá)并不使該當(dāng)事人喪失依靠該項(xiàng)的權(quán)利Article28If,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisConvention,onepartyisentitledtorequireperformanceofanyobligationbytheotherparty,acourtisnotboundtoenterajudgementforspecificperformanceunlessthecourtwoulddosounderitsownlawinrespectofsimilarcontractsofsalenotgovernedbythisConvention.假設(shè)按照本公約的規(guī)定一方當(dāng)事人有權(quán)要求另一方當(dāng)事人履行某一義務(wù)沒有義務(wù)做出判決要求詳細(xì)履行此一義務(wù)除院按照其本身的法律對不屬本公約范圍的類似銷售合同愿意這樣做Article29(1)Acontractmaybemodifiedorterminatedbythemereagreementoftheparties.合同只需雙方當(dāng)事人協(xié)議就可更改或終止(2)Acontractinwritingwhicontainsaprovisionrequiringanymodificationorterminationbyagreementtobeinwritingmaynotbeotherwisemodifiedorterminatedbyagreement.However,apartymaybeprecludedbyhisconductfromassertingsuaprovisiontotheextentthattheotherpartyhasreliedonthatconduct.規(guī)定任何更改或根據(jù)協(xié)議終止必須以書面做出的書面合同不得以任何其它方式更改或根據(jù)協(xié)議終止。但是一方當(dāng)事人的行為如經(jīng)另一方當(dāng)事人寄以信賴就不得堅(jiān)持此項(xiàng)規(guī)定apterIIOBLIGATIONSOFTHESELLER賣方的義務(wù)Article30Thesellermustdeliverthegoods,handoveranydocumentsrelatingtothemandtransferthepropertyinthegoods,asrequiredbythecontractandthisConvention.賣方必須按照合同和本公約的規(guī)定交付貨物移交一切與貨物有關(guān)的單據(jù)并轉(zhuǎn)移貨物所有權(quán)SectionI.Deliveryofthegoodsandhandingoverofdocuments交付貨物和移交單據(jù)Article31Ifthesellerisnotboundtodeliverthegoodsatanyotherparticularplace,hisobligationtodeliverconsists:假設(shè)賣方?jīng)]有義務(wù)要在任何其它特定地點(diǎn)交付貨物他的交貨義務(wù)如下(a)ifthecontractofsaleinvolvescarriageofthegoods-inhandingthegoodsovertothefirstcarrierfortranissiontothebuyer;假設(shè)銷售合同涉及到貨物的運(yùn)輸賣方應(yīng)把貨物移交給第一承運(yùn)人以運(yùn)交給買方(b)if,incasesnotwithintheprecedingsubparagraph,thecontractrelatestospecificgoods,orunidentifiedgoodstobedrawnfromaspecificstockortobemanufacturedorproduced,andatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthepartiesknewthatthegoodswereat,orweretobemanufacturedorproducedat,aparticularplace-inplacingthegoodsatthebuyer'sdisposalatthatplace;在不屬于上款規(guī)定的情況下假設(shè)合同指的是特定貨物或從特定存貨中提取的或尚待制造或消費(fèi)的未經(jīng)特定化的貨物而雙方當(dāng)事人在訂立合同時道這些貨物是在某一特定地點(diǎn)或?qū)⒃谀骋惶囟ǖ攸c(diǎn)制造或消費(fèi)賣方應(yīng)在該地點(diǎn)把貨物交給買方處置(c)inothercases-inplacingthegoodsatthebuyer'sdisposalattheplacewherethesellerhadhisplaceofbusinessatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract.在其它情況下賣方應(yīng)在他于訂立合同時的營業(yè)地把貨物交給買方處置Article32(1)Iftheseller,inaccordancewiththecontractorthisConvention,handsthegoodsovertoacarrierandifthegoodsarenotclearlyidentifiedtothecontractbymarkingsonthegoods,byshippingdocumentsorotherwise,thesellermustgivethebuyernoticeoftheconsignmentspecifyingthegoods.假設(shè)賣方按照合同或本公約的規(guī)定將貨物交付給承運(yùn)人但貨物沒有以貨物上加標(biāo)記、或以裝運(yùn)單據(jù)或其它方式清楚地注明有關(guān)合同賣方必須向買方發(fā)出列明貨物的發(fā)貨(2)Ifthesellerisboundtoarrangeforcarriageofthegoods,hemustmakesucontractsasarenecessaryforcarriagetotheplacefixedbymeansoftransportationappropriateinthecircumstancesandaccordingtotheusualtermsforsutransportation.假設(shè)賣方有義務(wù)安排貨物的運(yùn)輸他必須訂立必要的合同以按照通常運(yùn)輸條件用適宜情況的運(yùn)輸工具把貨物運(yùn)到指定地點(diǎn)(3)Ifthesellerisnotboundtoeffectinsuranceinrespectofthecarriageofthegoods,hemust,atthebuyer'srequest,providehimwithallavailableinformationnecessarytoenablehimtoeffectsuinsurance.假設(shè)賣方?jīng)]有義務(wù)對貨物的運(yùn)輸他必須在買方提出要求時向買方提供一切現(xiàn)有的必要資料使他可以這種Article33Thesellermustdeliverthegoods:賣方必須按以下規(guī)定的日交付貨物(a)ifadateisfixedbyordeterminablefromthecontract,onthatdate;假設(shè)合同規(guī)定有日或從合同可以確定日應(yīng)在該日交貨(b)ifaperiodoftimeisfixedbyordeterminablefromthecontract,atanytimewithinthatperiodunlesscircumstancesindicatethatthebuyeristoooseadate;or假設(shè)合同規(guī)定有一段時間或從合同可以確定一段時間除非情況說明應(yīng)由買方選定一個日外應(yīng)在該段時間內(nèi)任何時候交貨；或者(c)inanyothercase,withinareasonabletimeaftertheconclusionofthecontract.在其它情況下應(yīng)在訂立合同后一段合理時間內(nèi)交貨Article34Ifthesellerisboundtohandoverdocumentsrelatingtothegoods,hemusthandthemoveratthetimeandplaceandintheformrequiredbythecontract.Ifthesellerhashandedoverdocumentsbeforethattime,hemay,tothattime,cureanylackofconformityinthedocuments,iftheexerciseofthisrightdoesnotcausethebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceorunreasonableexpense.However,thebuyerretainsanyrighttoclaimdamagesasprovidedforinthisConvention.假設(shè)賣方有義務(wù)移交與貨物有關(guān)的單據(jù)他必須按照合同所規(guī)定的時間、地點(diǎn)和方式移交這些單據(jù)。假設(shè)賣方在那個時間以前已移交這些單據(jù)他可以在那個時間到達(dá)前糾正單據(jù)中任何不符合同規(guī)定的情形但是此一權(quán)利的行使不得使買方遭受不合理的不便或承擔(dān)不合理的開支。但是買方保存本公約所規(guī)定的要求損害賠償?shù)娜魏螜?quán)利SectionII.Conformityofthegoodsandthirdpartyclaims貨物相符與第三方要求Article35(1)Thesellermustdelivergoodswhiareofthequantity,qualityanddescriptionrequiredbythecontractandwhiarecontainedorpackagedinthemannerrequiredbythecontract.賣方交付的貨物必須與合同所規(guī)定的數(shù)量、質(zhì)量和規(guī)格相符并須按照合同所規(guī)定的方式裝箱或包裝(2)Exceptwherethepartieshaveagreedotherwise,thegoodsdonotconformwiththecontractunlessthey:除雙方當(dāng)事人業(yè)已另有協(xié)議外貨物除非符合以下規(guī)定否那么即為與合同不符(a)arefitforthepurposesforwhigoodsofthesamedescriptionwouldordinarilybeused;貨物適用于同一規(guī)格貨物通常使用的目的(b)arefitforanyparticularpurposeexpresslyorimpliedlymadeknowntotheselleratthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract,exceptwherethecircumstancesshowthatthebuyerdidnotrely,orthatitwasunreasonableforhimtorely,ontheseller'sskillandjudgement;貨物適用于訂立合同時曾明示或默示地賣方的任何特定目的除非情況說明買方并不依賴賣方的技能和判斷力或者這種依賴對他是不合理的(c)possessthequalitiesofgoodswhithesellerhasheldouttothebuyerasasampleormodel;貨物的質(zhì)量與賣方向買方提供的貨物樣品或款式一樣(d)arecontainedorpackagedinthemannerusualforsugoodsor,wherethereisnosumanner,inamanneradequatetopreserveandprotectthegoods.貨物按照同類貨物通用的方式裝箱或包裝假設(shè)沒有此種通用方式那么按照足以保全和保護(hù)貨物的方式裝箱或包裝(3)Thesellerisnotliableundersubparagraphs(a)to(d)oftheprecedingparagraphforanylackofconformityofthegoodsifatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthebuyerkneworcouldnothavebeenunawareofsulackofconformity.假設(shè)買方在訂立合同時知道或者不可能不知道貨物不符合同賣方就無須按上一款〔ａ〕項(xiàng)至〔ｄ〕項(xiàng)負(fù)有此不符合同的責(zé)任Article36(1)ThesellerisliableinaccordancewiththecontractandthisConventionforanylackofconformitywhiexistsatthetimewhentheriskpassestothebuyer,eventhoughthelackofconformitybeesapparentonlyafterthattime.賣方應(yīng)按照合同和本公約的規(guī)定對風(fēng)險移轉(zhuǎn)到買方時所存在的任何不符合同情形負(fù)有責(zé)任即使這種不符合同情形在該時間前方始明顯(2)Thesellerisalsoliableforanylackofconformitywhioccursafterthetimeindicatedintheprecedingparagraphandwhiisduetoabreaofanyofhisobligations,includingabreaofanyguaranteethatforaperiodoftimethegoodswillremainfitfortheirordinarypurposeorforsomeparticularpurposeorwillretainspecifiedqualitiesoraracteristics.賣方對在上一款所述時間后發(fā)生的任何不符合同情形也應(yīng)負(fù)有責(zé)任假設(shè)這種不符合同情形是由于賣方違背他的某項(xiàng)義務(wù)所致包括違背在一段時間內(nèi)貨物將繼續(xù)適用于其通常使用的目的或某種特定目的或?qū)⒈３帜撤N特定質(zhì)量或性質(zhì)的任何保證Article37Ifthesellerhasdeliveredgoodsbeforethedatefordelivery,hemay,tothatdate,deliveranymissingpartormakeanydeficiencyinthequantityofthegoodsdelivered,ordelivergoodsinreplacementofanynon-conforminggoodsdeliveredorremedyanylackofconformityinthegoodsdelivered,providedthattheexerciseofthisrightdoesnotcausethebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceorunreasonableexpense.However,thebuyerretainsanyrighttoclaimdamagesasprovidedforinthisConvention.假設(shè)賣方在交貨日前交付貨物他可以在那個日到達(dá)前交付任何缺漏局部或補(bǔ)足所交付貨物的缺乏數(shù)量或交付用以交換所交付不符合同規(guī)定的貨物或?qū)λ桓敦浳镏腥魏尾环贤?guī)定的情形做出補(bǔ)救但是此一權(quán)利的行使不得使買方遭受不合理的不便或承擔(dān)不合理的開支。但是買方保存本公約所規(guī)定的要求損害賠償?shù)娜魏螜?quán)利Article38(1)Thebuyermustexaminethegoods,orcausethemtobeexamined,withinasshortaperiodasispracticableinthecircumstances.買方必須在按情況實(shí)際可行的最短時間內(nèi)檢驗(yàn)貨物或由別人檢驗(yàn)貨物(2)Ifthecontractinvolvescarriageofthegoods,examinationmaybedeferreduntilafterthegoodshavearrivedattheirdestination.假設(shè)合同涉及到貨物的運(yùn)輸檢驗(yàn)可推延到貨物到達(dá)目的地后進(jìn)展(3)Ifthegoodsareredirectedintransitorredispatedbythebuyerwithoutareasonableopportunityforexaminationbyhimandatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthesellerkneworoughttohaveknownofthepossibilityofsuredirectionorredispat,examinationmaybedeferreduntilafterthegoodshavearrivedatthenewdestination.假設(shè)貨物在運(yùn)輸途中改運(yùn)或買方須再發(fā)運(yùn)貨物沒有合理時機(jī)加以檢驗(yàn)而賣方在訂立合同時道或理應(yīng)知這種改運(yùn)或再發(fā)運(yùn)的可能性檢驗(yàn)可推延到貨物到達(dá)新目的地后進(jìn)展Article39(1)Thebuyerlosestherighttorelyonalackofconformityofthegoodsifhedoesnotgivenoticetothesellerspecifyingthenatureofthelackofconformitywithinareasonabletimeafterhehasdiscovereditoroughttohavediscoveredit.買方對貨物不符合同必須在發(fā)現(xiàn)或理應(yīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)不符情形后一段合理時間內(nèi)賣方說明不符合同情形的性質(zhì)否那么就喪失聲稱貨物不符合同的權(quán)利(2)Inanyevent,thebuyerlosestherighttorelyonalackofconformityofthegoodsifhedoesnotgivethesellernoticethereofatthelatestwithinaperiodoftwoyearsfromthedateonwhithegoodswereactuallyhandedovertothebuyer,unlessthistime-limitisinconsistentwithacontractualperiodofguarantee.無如何假設(shè)買方不在實(shí)際收到貨物之日起兩年內(nèi)將貨物不符合同情形賣方他就喪失聲稱貨物不符合同的權(quán)利除非這一時限與合同規(guī)定的保證限不符Article40Thesellerisnotentitledtorelyontheprovisionsofarticles38and39ifthelackofconformityrelatestofactsofwhihekneworcouldnothavebeenunawareandwhihedidnotdisclosetothebuyer.假設(shè)貨物不符合同規(guī)定指的是賣方道或不可能不知道而又沒有告知買方的一些那么賣方無權(quán)援引第三十八條和第三十九條的規(guī)定Article41Thesellermustdelivergoodswhiarefreefromanyrightorclaimofathirdparty,unlessthebuyeragreedtotakethegoodssubjecttothatrightorclaim.However,ifsurightorclaimisbasedonindustrialpropertyorotherintellectualproperty,theseller'sobligationisgovernedbyarticle42.賣方所交付的貨物必須是第三方不能提出任何權(quán)利或要求的貨物除非買方同意在這種權(quán)利或要求的條件下收取貨物。但是假設(shè)這種權(quán)利或要求是以工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)或其它為根底的賣方的義務(wù)應(yīng)按照第四十二條的規(guī)定Article42(1)Thesellermustdelivergoodswhiarefreefromanyrightorclaimofathirdpartybasedonindustrialpropertyorotherintellectualproperty,ofwhiatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthesellerkneworcouldnothavebeenunaware,providedthattherightorclaimisbasedonindustrialpropertyorotherintellectualproperty:賣方所交付的貨物必須是第三方不能根據(jù)工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)或其它主張任何權(quán)利或要求的貨物但以賣方在訂立合同時道或不可能不知道的權(quán)利或要求為限而且這種權(quán)利或要求根據(jù)以下的法律規(guī)定是以工業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)或其它為根底的(a)underthelawoftheStatewherethegoodswillberesoldorotherwiseused,ifitwasconlatedbythepartiesatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthatthegoodswouldberesoldorotherwiseusedinthatState;or假設(shè)雙方當(dāng)事人在訂立合同時預(yù)貨物將在某一國境內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)售或做其它使用那么根據(jù)貨物將在其境內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)售或做其它使用的的法律；或者(b)inanyothercase,underthelawoftheStatewherethebuyerhashisplaceofbusiness.在任何其它情況下根據(jù)買方營業(yè)地所在的法律(2)Theobligationofthesellerundertheprecedingparagraphdoesnotextendtocaseswhere:賣方在上一款中的義務(wù)不適用于以下情況(a)atthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthebuyerkneworcouldnothavebeenunawareoftherightorclaim;or買方在訂立