名詞性從句課件 高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法

名詞性從句[合作探究]

指出下列引導(dǎo)詞在句中引導(dǎo)的從句種類。①ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.____________②Whetherhewillwinisallthesametome.____________③ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.____________④Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.____________⑤Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.____________[合作探究]

指出下列引導(dǎo)詞在句中引導(dǎo)的從句種類。①ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.____________②Whetherhewillwinisallthesametome.____________③ScientistsbelievethatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.____________④Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.____________⑤Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.____________賓語從句主語從句賓語從句表語從句主語從句[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)1](1)以上各句皆為主從復(fù)合句，句中用了相當(dāng)于____________作用的從句(即名詞性從句)在句中充當(dāng)成分。(2)名詞性從句在句中可作____________的賓語(句①)，動詞的____________(句③)。(3)名詞性從句在句中可作____________(句②)，且可用it作____________主語，真正的主語從句置于句末(句⑤)。(4)名詞性從句在句中可作____________(句④)。名詞介詞賓語主語形式表語一、主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句的用法和特點1．主語從句Whetherthesportsmeetwillbeheldisnotcertainnow.運動會是否將舉行現(xiàn)在不能確定。

Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.這本書銷售如何取決于作者本人。Whereweshallhavethemeetingmakesnodifference.我們在哪兒開會都無所謂。Thatshewilldowellinherexamiscertain.＝Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.她在考試中會做得好，這是確定無疑的。[合作探究][自主發(fā)現(xiàn)2]主語從句是指在句中____________的從句，位置與陳述句的主語相同。若主語部分結(jié)構(gòu)較長，可以使用形式主語____________，把真正的主語從句放于后面。作主語it2．賓語從句Everyoneknowsthattheearthismadeupofmatter.每個人都知道地球是由物質(zhì)構(gòu)成的。Isthereanythingwrongin/withwhatIsaid？我所說的有錯誤之處嗎？Thesetwoareasaresimilarinthattheybothhavehighrainfallinsummer.這兩個地區(qū)相似，因為在夏天降水都很多。I’mnotcertainwhetherthetrainwillarriveontime.我不確信火車是否將會按時到達。[合作探究]

[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)3](1)作____________的賓語。(2)作____________的賓語。如：besidesthat...“除……之外”；exceptthat...“除了……”；inthat...“在于……；因為……”。(3)動態(tài)____________后。形容詞后跟賓語從句的用法只限于少數(shù)動態(tài)形容詞，如sure(確信的)，certain(肯定的)，afraid(擔(dān)心的)，confident(有把握的)等。及物動詞介詞形容詞3．表語從句Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishtheworkintime.問題是我們是否能及時完成這項工作。Youlookasifyousleptbadly.你看上去仿佛沒睡好覺。

Thefactremainsthatwearestillnotadvancedenough.事實依然是我們不夠先進。[合作探究]

[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)4](1)表語從句在復(fù)合句中作____________，出現(xiàn)在連系動詞之____________，一般結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語＋連系動詞＋表語從句”。(2)可接表語從句的____________有be,look,remain,seem,sound等。表語后連系動詞[名師點津](1)表語從句實際上是對主語進行補充說明，從句表達的是主語的內(nèi)容。Thefactisthathedidn’tnoticethecaruntiltoolate.事實是他注意到汽車時已經(jīng)太晚了。(2)主句的主語是名詞idea,advice,suggestion,order,request,requirement等時，表語從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“(should＋)動詞原形”。Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)haveadiscussionaboutthismatterinsteadofsettingitaside.我的建議是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)討論一下這個問題，而不是把它放在一邊。二、it作形式主語的主語從句主語從句中以it作形式主語的四種常用句型：1．It＋不及物動詞或短語動詞的適當(dāng)形式＋從句Itseemsthat...好像是……Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Ithasturnedoutthat...結(jié)果……ItseemedthathehadbeentoBeijingbefore.

好像他以前去過北京。2．It＋be＋及物動詞的過去分詞＋從句Itissaidthat...據(jù)說……Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報道……Itisbelievedthat...人們認(rèn)為……Itishopedthat...大家希望……Ithasbeenprovedthat...已證明……Itissaidthathehasreadthenovel.據(jù)說他讀過這本小說。3．It＋be＋形容詞＋從句Itisnecessarythat...有必要……Itisclearthat...很清楚……Itis(un)likelythat...很(不太)可能……Itisimportantthat...重要的是……Itisnecessarythatpeopleshouldlearntofacethereality.人們應(yīng)該學(xué)會面對現(xiàn)實是有必要的。4．It＋be＋名詞＋that從句適用該句型的名詞(詞組)有：apity，anhonor，agoodthing，afact，asurprise，goodnews,one’sduty等。Itisapitythatyoumissedthesportsmeetinglastweek.很遺憾你錯過了上周的運動會。在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句(NounClauses)。名詞性從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組，它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞的賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。名詞從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞：(1)從屬連詞：that,whether,if(連接作用，不作成分)；(2)連接代詞：who(ever),what(ever),which(ever),whom(ever)(作主語，賓語，表語，定語等名詞性成分)(3)連接副詞：how(ever),where(ever),when(ever),why(作狀語)。語序：名詞性從句一律用陳述語序。[鞏固內(nèi)化1]單句語法填空/完成句子①____________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.②____________hehadmetakindlibrarianinthecitylibrarygaveusnosurprise.③Everyyear，__________________________________willwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年制作出最漂亮風(fēng)箏的人都會在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上獲獎。④__________________surprisedeveryonepresent.他所說的話讓在場每一個人吃驚。[鞏固內(nèi)化1]單句語法填空/完成句子①____________weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.②____________hehadmetakindlibrarianinthecitylibrarygaveusnosurprise.③Everyyear，__________________________________willwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.每年制作出最漂亮風(fēng)箏的人都會在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上獲獎。④__________________surprisedeveryonepresent.他所說的話讓在場每一個人吃驚。HowThatwhoevermakesthemostbeautifulkiteWhathehadsaid[鞏固內(nèi)化2]單句語法填空/完成句子①Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof____________itusedtocharge.②Sheaskedme___________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.③Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing____________shewasheading.④Idon’tknow______________________________.我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。⑤Wediscussed_____________________________________tobuyanewhouse.我們討論該不該用這筆錢買套新房子。[鞏固內(nèi)化2]單句語法填空/完成句子①Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof____________itusedtocharge.②Sheaskedme___________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.③Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing____________shewasheading.④Idon’tknow______________________________.我不知道我的行李可以放在哪里。⑤Wediscussed_____________________________________tobuyanewhouse.我們討論該不該用這筆錢買套新房子。whatwhetherwherewhereIcanplacemyluggagewhetherweshouldusethemoney[鞏固內(nèi)化3]單句語法填空①Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonis____________onecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.②Fromspace,theearthlooksb