我們認(rèn)識(shí)的蔬菜

我們認(rèn)識(shí)的蔬菜Weknowthevegetables盧嘯琴白菜白菜Chinesecabbagewithsoftandround,Indusleavesorstemsforfood.CultivatedareaandconsumptionamongthetopoftheofallkindsofvegetablesinChina.白菜和軟,印度河葉子或莖。種植面積和消費(fèi)前的各種各樣的蔬菜在中國(guó)。Chinesecabbage菠菜Plantsupto1mtall,rootconical,withred,lesswhite,YeJiformtoovate,emeraldgreen,marginentireorwithfewteethshapelobes.manydifferentkindsofspinach,accordingtotheseedmorphologycanbedividedintoastingspeciesandstinglesstwovarieties.植物高可達(dá)1米，根圓錐狀，帶紅色，較少為白色，葉戟形至卵形，鮮綠色，全緣或有少數(shù)牙齒狀裂片。[2]菠菜的種類很多，按種子形態(tài)可分為有刺種與無(wú)刺種兩個(gè)變種[3]。spinach茼蒿茼蒿性味甘、辛、平，無(wú)毒，有“安心氣，養(yǎng)脾胃，消痰飲，利腸胃"之功效。中國(guó)各地花園觀賞栽培。GardenchrysanthemumGardenchrysanthemum,sexualflavourgan,ping,non-toxic,hasa"peaceofmind,raisespleen,eliminatingphlegmretention,theintestinesandstomach".AcrossChinagardenornamentalcultivation.Gardenchrysanthemum菜薹起源于中國(guó)南部，由白菜易抽薹材料經(jīng)長(zhǎng)期選擇和栽培馴化而來(lái)，并形成了不同類型和品種。主要分布廣東、廣西、湖北以及臺(tái)灣、香港和澳門等地。OriginatedinsouthernChina,byChinesecabbageboltingmaterialafterlong-termchoicedomesticationandcultivation,andformeddifferenttypesandvarieties.Mainlydistributedinguangdong,guangxi,hubei,andTaiwan,HongKongandMacaoandotherplaces.extraction豌豆peas豌豆在我國(guó)主要分布在中部，東北部等地區(qū)。主要產(chǎn)區(qū)有四川、河南、湖北、江蘇、青海、江西等多個(gè)省區(qū)。peasPeasinChinaaremainlydistributedinthecentral,northeastandotherregions.Mainproductionareasinsichuan,henan,hubei,jiangsu,qinghai,jiangxi,andmanyotherprovinces.黃豆soybean作為大豆原產(chǎn)國(guó)，我國(guó)栽培大豆的歷史非常悠久，中國(guó)的大豆曾經(jīng)享譽(yù)世界，可以說(shuō)，大豆是我國(guó)重要的農(nóng)作物，對(duì)保障糧食生產(chǎn)安全有著重要意義。Asthecountryoforigin,soybeancultivatedsoybeaninChina'shistoryisverylong,China'ssoybeanwasfamousintheworld,cansay,soybeanisanimportantcropinourcountry,toensurethesecurityoffoodproductionhasimportantsignificance.soybean包菜卷心菜因有許多藥用功效而備受推崇，希臘人和羅馬人將它視為萬(wàn)能藥，卷心菜有綠色、白色、紅色等不同顏色，卷心菜里面的葉子比外面的葉子略白些。Cabbagereveredbymanymedicinalefficacy,greeksandRomansregarditasapanacea,cabbagegreen,thedifferentcolorsuchaswhite,red,theinsideofthecabbageleavesthanouterleavesslightlymorewhite.cabbage香菜parsley香菜一般指物種芫荽（CoriandrumsativumL.），但也為刺芹、香薷、密花香薷、羅勒、萵苣等物種別稱。Parsleygenerallyreferstothespeciesofcoriander(Coriandrumsativuml.),butalsooncelery,Chinesemoslaherb,andtheflowernicknameChinesemoslaherb,basil,lettuceandotherspecies.大蒜garlic大蒜（Garlic）又叫蒜頭、大蒜頭、胡蒜、葫、獨(dú)蒜、獨(dú)頭蒜，是蒜類植物的統(tǒng)稱。半年生草本植物，百合科蔥屬，以鱗莖入藥。Garlic(Garlic),alsocalledtheGarlic,Garlic,Garlic,hu.Alone,aloneGarlic,headofGarlic.Garliciskindofplant.Halfyearrawherbs,liliaceaeallium,bulbasamedicine.黃瓜黃瓜，（學(xué)名CucumissativusLinn，英文名Cucumber），葫蘆科黃瓜屬植物。也稱胡瓜、青瓜。果實(shí)顏色呈油綠或翠綠，表面有柔軟的小刺。Scientificname,Cucumber(CucumissativusLinn,EnglishnameCucumber),cucurbitaceaeCucumberplant.Alsoknownascucumber,cucumber.Fruitclumpsorgreenincolour,thesurfacewithsoftspines.nes.cucumber番茄番茄（Tomato），別名西紅柿、洋柿子。古名六月柿、喜報(bào)三元。在秘魯和墨西哥，最初稱之為“狼桃”。Tomato(Tomato),aliastomatoes,thepersimmon.TheancientnameofsixYueShi,carmakersthreeyuan.InPeruandMexico,originallycalled"Wolfpeach".Tomato辣椒辣椒，（學(xué)名：CapsicumannuumL.）辣椒屬，為一年或有限多年生草本植物。果實(shí)通常呈圓錐形或長(zhǎng)圓形，未成熟時(shí)呈綠色，成熟后變成鮮紅色、綠色或紫色，以紅色最為常見。Chili,(scientificname:Capsicumannuuml.)genusCapsicum,forayearorlimitedperennialherbaceousplants.Fruitusuallyaconicaloroblong,greenwhenimmature,matureintobrightred,greenorpurple,inredarethemostcommon.CapsicumannuumL茄子茄子，別稱“茄”，是為數(shù)不多的紫色蔬菜之一，也是餐桌上十分常見的家常蔬菜。江浙人稱為落蘇，兩廣人稱為矮瓜，是茄科茄屬一年生草本植物，熱帶為多年生。Eggplant,nickname"tomato",isoneofthefewpurplevegetables,isalsoverycommonhouseholdtablevegetables.JiangsuandzhejiangprovincesarecalledSue,peoplecalledshortmelon,ofguangdongissolanaceaegenusannualherb,thetropicalperennial.Eggplant南瓜南瓜（拉丁學(xué)名：Cucurbitamoschata(Duch.exLam.)Duch.exPoiret），飯瓜，番南瓜，山東地區(qū)稱作番瓜，東北地區(qū)稱作倭(wō)瓜。河北地區(qū)有稱作北瓜。Pumpkin(Latinname,CucurbitamoschataDuch(Duch.ExLam.).TheexPoiret),ricemelon,pumpkin,shandongregioncalledinCincinnati,thenortheastareacalledthebonobo(w)notthemelon.Becalledbeiguainhebeiarea.Pumpkin冬瓜冬瓜（學(xué)名：Benincasahispida(Thunb.)Cogn.）為一年生草本植物，莖上有卷須，能爬蔓，葉子大，開黃花。果實(shí)球形或長(zhǎng)圓柱形，表面有毛和白粉，皮深綠色或淺綠色，是普通蔬菜。Waxgourd(scientificname:Benincasahispida(Thunb.)Cogn.)fortheannualherb,tendrilstems,climbing,largeleaves,yellowflowersopen.Fruitgloboseorcylindric,surfacehairinessandwhitepowder,skindarkgreenorlightgreen,iscommonvegetables.Waxgourd萵苣萵苣（學(xué)名：Lactucasativa），又名萵筍，春菜、麥菜，是菊科萵苣屬之一年生或二年生草本植物。它是一種很常見的食用蔬菜，中國(guó)、日本等國(guó)的人往往煮熟后食用，在西方文化中人們往往放在沙律Lettuce(scientificname:Lactucasativa),alsoknownaslettuce,spring,wheat,istheannualorbiennialherbsofcompositaelettucebelongto.Itisoneofthemostcommonvegetablestoeat,China,Japanandothercountriesoftencookedafteredible,inwesternculturepeopleoftenputinthesaladLettuce蔥蔥，別名青蔥、大蔥、葉蔥、胡蔥、蔥仔、菜伯、水蔥、和事草，為多年生草本植物，基本分類為，大蔥和小蔥Green,greenChineseonion,greenonion,aliasleavesgreen,greenonion,greenonionseed,"hu,scirpustabernaemontani,andgrass,forperennialherbaceousplants,thebasicclassificationfor,leeksandgreenOnionsGreen絲瓜絲瓜（學(xué)名：Luffacylindrica），珠江三角洲絲瓜特指八角瓜，是原產(chǎn)于印度的一種葫蘆科植物，又稱菜瓜，在東亞地區(qū)被廣泛種植。為葫蘆科攀援草本植物，絲瓜根系強(qiáng)大。Towelgourd(scientificname:Luffacylindrica),especiallythepearlriverdeltaloofahanisemelon,isakindofcucurbitaceaeplantsnativetoIndia,alsocalledmelons,ineastAsiahavebeenextensivelycultivated.Ascucurbitaceaeclimbingherbs,towelgourdroot.Towelgourd蛇果原名叫"Reddeliciousapple"（可口的紅蘋果）香港人翻譯為紅地厘蛇果，簡(jiǎn)約為地厘蛇果。原產(chǎn)于美國(guó)的加利福尼亞州，又名紅元帥，為紅香蕉（元帥）的濃條紅型芽變，是世界主要栽培品種之一。Originallynamed"Reddeliciousapple"(Reddeliciousapple)thepeopleofHongKongtranslationforliReddeliciousappleRed,contractedforliReddeliciousapple.NativetoCaliforniaintheUnitedStates,alsoknownasredmarshal,forredbananamarshal()typeofthickredbudmutation,isoneofthemainvarietiesoftheworld.Reddeliciousapple葫蘆葫蘆，拉丁學(xué)名：Lagenariasiceraria（Molina）Standl。屬葫蘆科、葫蘆屬植物，它是爬藤植物，一年生攀援草本，有軟毛，夏秋開白色花Gourd,Latinname:LagenariasicerariaStandl(Molina).Belongstotheplantsofthegenusofcucurbitaceae,gourd,itisclimbingplants,annualclimbingherb,hassoftfur,summerandfallofwhiteflowersGourd空心菜空心菜，原名蕹菜，又名藤藤菜、蓊菜、通心菜、無(wú)心菜、甕菜、空筒菜、竹葉菜，節(jié)節(jié)菜。開白色喇叭狀花其梗中心是空的，故稱“空心菜”。中國(guó)南方農(nóng)村普遍栽培作蔬菜。Waterconvolvulus,formerlyknownasswampcabbage,alsoknownastherattancane,Weng,macaroni,centerless,waterspinach,emptydrum,bamboo,successively.Whitetrumpet-shapedflowersthestalksthecenterisempty,socalled"waterspinach.WidelycultivatedasavegetableinruralareasinsouthernChina.Waterconvolvulus雪里紅雪里紅，一年生草本植物，芥菜的變種，將芥葉連莖腌制，便是雪里紅（又稱雪里翁），俗稱辣菜。葉子深裂，邊緣皺縮，花鮮黃色。莖和葉子是普通蔬菜，通常腌著吃。Variantsofpotherbmustard,annualherb,mustard,takestempickl