跨文化交際課件unit-4-i講解學習

跨文化交際課件Unit-4-IEnglishtoChineseTranslation

VersionI

教授：什么是物質呀？

學生：非精神也。

教授：什么是精神呢？學生：不是物質，就是精神。

VersionII

教授：什么是物質呀？

學生：沒什么要緊的啦!

教授：什么是精神呢？學生：沒什么關系的啦!Canyourtranslationbeashumorousastheoriginal?2.Whytimeflies?Becausesomebodywantstokillit.3.兩個人吵架。一個人氣急罵起來：“你有什么了不起，能把我吃了！”

“不能，我是回民”。4.戀愛“三草”原則：

女：聽說你很寂寞，為什么不去找你以前的女朋友而來追求我呢？男：好馬不吃回頭草。女：你們班上也有女孩呀！我們隔那么遠，你為什么卻來追求我呢？男：兔子不吃窩邊草！女：那你現(xiàn)在為什么由泡你我呢？你這個混蛋！男：天涯何處無芳草。5.某人刻苦學習英語，終有小成。一日上街不慎與一老外相撞，忙說：Iamsorry.老外應道：Iamsorry,too.某人聽后又道：Iamsorrythree.老外不解，問：Whatareyousorryfor(four)?某人無奈，道：Iamsorryfive.II.CulturalDifferences2.1.TheoreticalBackground2.2.ColorTermsinChineseandEnglish2.3.AnimalWordsinEnglishandChineseTheoreticalBackgroundCulturalDifferencesofLanguages1.LexicalLevel2.PragmaticLevel3.DiscoursalLevel4.StylisticLevel

CulturallyLoadedWords

文化負載詞

(CulturalLoaningWords)1.是指標志某種文化中特有事物的詞組和短語.2.文化負載詞是反映一個國家、一個民族特有的文化和歷史的一些詞匯.2.2ColorTermsinChinese

andEnglishGroupWork

1.紅糖

2.紅茶

3.眼紅

4.開門紅

5.紅白喜事1.brownsugar2.black-tea3.green-eyed4.tobeginwell,tomakeagoodstart5.weddingsandfunerals

1.

清白

2.白眼

3.青天

4.背黑鍋

5.黃色書刊1.pure/clean/stainless2.superciliouslook3.bluesky4.bemadeascapegoat/beunjustlyblamed5.filthybooksbluebookablueMondayawhitelieagreenwoundred-letterdays藍皮書（美）刊載知名人士的書倒霉的星期一善意的謊言新傷，未痊愈的傷口喜慶的日子TranslatingtheUnderlinedPart1)He’sjustagreenrecruitfreshfromcollege2)Itriedtocallhermanytimesbutshewasinabrownstudyanddidn’thearme3)Oneday,outoftheblue,agirlrangupandsaidshewasmysister4)Thenewofficeblockhasunfortunatelybecomeanexpensivewhiteelephant5Marywasalwaysregardedastheblacksheepofthefamily6You’dbetterdosomethingtoproveyou’renot7Canyouseethegreeninhereyes?8Themerethoughtofherhusbandwiththesecretarymadeherseeyellow9)IgotsomeblacklooksfromtheshopkeeperwhenIcancelledmyorder.10)WhenI’mfeelingblue,allIhavetodoistakealookatyou,andthenI’mnotsoblue11)Don’ttellmeanywhitelietomakemefeelgood12)

Itmaycostoveraweektogothroughalltheredtapetogetpermission13Histypeofhumorisabittooblackformytastes14Areyouallright?–Youlookabsolutelywhite

15Hebasedhisjudgmentonheadlinesandyellowjournalismyellowjournalism指不擇手段的夸張，渲染以招攬或影響讀者的黃色新聞編輯作風。如突出社會丑聞，把普通新聞寫得聳人聽聞，有時甚至歪曲事實以引起轟動等。ExerciseWorktogethertomakeatentativesummaryofthepotentialculturalimplicationsofthefollowingcolorterms.

Red

Yellow

Green

BlueBlackWhite

SharingKnowledge:

LanguageasanenvironmentColorChineseEnglishRedFestive,revolution,progressive,successful,Envious,jealousViolent,armedrevolution,tension,courage,danger,warning,anger,Yellow

Royalty,power,Erotic,sensualErotic,sensual,funk,sneak,spiritlessGreenYoung,knightly,shamefulYoung,fresh,new,lackofexperience,wealth,money,jealous,enviousBluewisdom,reasonableDepressed;nobility,unexpected,veryrareBlackWicked,sinister,secret,tricky,illegal,evilTragic,unfortunate,evil,sinister,angry,depressedWhiteFuneral,sadness,failure,unvalued,foolish,trickypurity,bright,happy,faithful,honest,goodluck,fortune,legal,noharmfulPurpleNobility,dignityNobility,dignity,PinkFewconnotationsHomosexual,thebestconditionChineseZodiacmouseoxtigersnakedragonrabbitChineseZodiachorsesheepdogpigroostermonkeyAnimalChineseEnglishmousedisgust,timid,dirty,smartandagile

pleasantlyquiet,cunning,dishonest,selfish

oxdevotion/hardworking/strong

food/comfortandquietofacountryhome

tigerroyalty,power,courage,ferocity,strength,wrath,cruelty,treachery,authority

ferocity

rabbitcuteanddocilelovely,reproductivedragonmajestyevilsnakeslithery/harmfulslithery/evilAnimalChineseEnglishhorsesuccess/devotion/hardworkingdevotion/hardworking/beauty,strength

sheepdocileandweak

foodmonkeyclever,agileandalittleimpatient

African-Americansroosterprostitutestrongandproud

doghumblelovepigstupid,lazy,dirty

dirty,eatsalot,selfishandshallow

AnimalChineseEnglishAntsolidarityhardworkingBeehardworkingbusyPhoenixqueenlyrebirth/resurrectionOwlbadluckwisdomTurtle/Cranelongevitylovely

Elephanthuge

clumsy/uselesslongevityMagpiesymbolofgoodluckgossipAnimalChineseEnglishBeaver

eager/anxiousimpatient/diligentSwangraceful/noblegraceful/noblePeacocksymbolofluck/beautyproud/showyAss/goosestupid

stupidBatgoodfortunehappinessugly/frighteningblood-suckingLambfoodsymbolofreligionFavoriteAnimalsChinese:Crane,cat,rabbit,ox,horse,panda,swan,peacock,goldfish,birdsEnglish:Dog,cat,horse,birds,sheep狀如牛asstrongasahorse

犟牛asstubbornasamule

蠢豬asstupidasagoose

攔路虎alioninthepath

河東獅oldgraymare

膽小如鼠chicken-hearted

落湯雞adrownedratReadingIHowisLanguageRelatedtoCulture1Cultureandlanguageareinterwinedandshapeeachother,1)Ifweselectlanguagewithoutbeingawareoftheculturalimplications,wemayatbestnotcommunicatewellandatworstsendthewrongmessage.2)Alllanguagehavesocialquestionsandinformationquestions.3)Thewordsinthemselvesdonotcarrythemeaningwhichcomesoutofthecontext,theculturalusage2Languagereflectstheenvironmentinwhichwelive3Additionally,languagereflectsculturalvalues4Tocommunicateconceptseffectively,culturalknowledgeisasimportantaslinguisticknowledge5CommunicationacrossculturesandlanguagesisdifficultandfullofhurdlesandpitfallIII.IdentifyingDifference3.1DenotationsandConnotations3.2Kinshiptermsandmore

LexicalLevelDenotations:themeaningsthatrelateittotheobjectsorconceptsrefersto,theactualorfictionalthingsthataresymbolized.(Dictionarymeaning)Connotations:refertotheadditionalmeaningthatawordorphrasehasbeyonditscentralmeaning.(Associatedmeaning)LexicalCulturalDifference1.Wordswiththesamedenotationalandconnotationalmeaning

2.Wordswiththesamedenotationalbutdifferentconnotationalmeanings(Cricket,Willow)3.Wordswithdifferentdenotationalandconnotationalmeanings

(Dragon,Propaganda,Intellectual)

DifferentConnotationalMeaningsoftheWord“Dog”

1.watchdog監(jiān)察人／監(jiān)察團2.Loveme,lovemydog．愛屋及烏3.Everydoghashisday.人人皆有得意日4.Beasfaithfulasadog.效犬馬之勞5.Anolddogwilllearnnonewtricks.(=Youcannotteacholddogsnewtricks.)[諺]老狗學不了新把戲;老年人很難適應新事物。6.He’stopdogintheoffice.佼佼者，優(yōu)勝者7.Giveadogabadnameandhanghim.[諺]一旦給人加一個壞名聲,他就永遠洗刷不掉;人言可畏。跳進黃河也洗不清．

8.Myaunt,alwayshappytohelpalamedogoverastile.濟人之急,幫助人渡過難關(通常指金錢上的幫助)1.狗膽包天:monstrouslyaudacious2.狗急跳墻:acorneredbeastwilldosomethingdesperate3.狼心狗肺:cruelandunscrupulous;brutalandcold-blooded;heartlessandungrateful4.狗仗人勢:likeadogthreateningpeopleonthestrengthofitsmaster’spower,thatisbeabullywiththebackingofapowerfulperson5.狗皮膏藥:dogskinplasterquackmedicine6.狗頭軍師:apersonwhooffersbadadvice;villainousadviser7.狗血噴頭:letlooseastreamofabuseagainstsomebody8.狗尾續(xù)貂:adog’stailjoinedtosable—awretchedsequeltoafinework9.狗咬狗:dog-eat-dog10.狗腿子:hiredthug;lackeyhenchman11.狗屁:shit12.狗崽子:sonofabitch13.狗拿耗子多管閑事:pokeone’snoseintootherpeople’sbusiness14.狗嘴里吐不出象牙來:afilthilymouthcannotutterdecentlanguage15.落水狗:abadpersonwhoisdownLexical:風水fengsui磕頭、叩頭kowtow餃子jiaozi豆腐doufuIdiomatic:pullsb’sleg(開某人的玩笑)拉后腿(hinder)moveheavenandearth(盡一切努力)翻天覆地（earth-shaking）eatone’swords(收回已說出的話)食言（breakone’swords）child’splay(非常容易做的事)兒戲（treatasatrifle）我們說語言總是模糊的，指的是我們所說所寫的東西總不能完全表達我們的意圖。我們通過說話和寫作所傳達的意思不僅僅由詞語和句子本身決定，聽眾和讀者的理解也起到了一定的作用。換言之，是交際雙方共同創(chuàng)造了語言所表達的意思。語言的模糊性是與生俱來的。為了溝通，我們必須自己推斷出對方的意思，除此之外別無他法。在理解別人說話時，我們必須推測這些話的意思。這些推測主要基于以下兩個來源：（1）他們所使用的語言；（2）我們的世界知識。這種知識包括能夠預知在某種特定語境下人們通常會說些什么。語言是模糊的。這意味著無論是讀或寫，我們永遠無