初中英語名詞復(fù)數(shù)、語法大全

精選精選初中英語名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)(SingularForm)和復(fù)數(shù)(PluralForm)兩種形式。表示一個人或物用單數(shù)形式，表示個以上的人或物用復(fù)數(shù)形式。在［t］后與［t］一起讀［ts］,在［d］后與在［t］后與［t］一起讀［ts］,在［d］后與［d］—起讀［dz］。例如:book—book—books書day—days天、日dog—dog—dogs狗tree—trees樹2.3.glass—glasses玻璃杯box—boxes盒子以o2.3.glass—glasses玻璃杯box—boxes盒子以o結(jié)尾的詞有些加-es，讀［z］；watch—watchesbrush—brushes有些加-s，讀［s］。例如:手表tomato—tomatoes西紅柿potato—potatoes土豆photo—photos相片radio—radios收音機zoo—zoos動物園以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加-es，讀［iz］例如:4.knife—knives4.knife—knives小刀leaf—leaves樹葉life—lives生命thief—thieves小偷以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，先把f改為v,再加-es，讀［vz］。例如:5.story—stories故事city—cities城市family—families家庭baby—babies嬰兒注意:boy—5.story—stories故事city—cities城市family—families家庭baby—babies嬰兒注意:boy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具key—keys鑰匙6.有些名詞有不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如:7.man—men男人tooth—teeth牙齒woman—women婦女foot—feet腳有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同。例如；deer—deer鹿sheep—sheep綿羊Chinese—Chinese中國人Japanese—Japanese日本人以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，先把y改為i,再加-es，讀［z］。例如:8.physics物理maths8.physics物理maths數(shù)學(xué)politics政治news新聞有些學(xué)科名詞雖以s結(jié)尾，但通常都做單數(shù)名詞看待。例如:9.people人們，人民9.people人們，人民police警察public公眾練習(xí)有些單數(shù)形式的名詞具有復(fù)數(shù)的含義，要當作復(fù)數(shù)看待。例如:、寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。radimovielifeknifefryleafphotoopiaozooradibooktomatopotatobuswatchboxmapcatbookfilmdoormonthhorsepictureclassboytoothwomaneyetoothGermanChinesemanfootballchildclassroommonkeyFrenchman二、選擇填空：1.Therearesomeonthehill.sheepsB.asheepC.sheepD.sheepesMrBlackoftengivesusbyEmail.A.somegoodinformationB.somegoodinformationsC.goodinformationsD.agoodinformationTherearesomenewbooksintheschoollibrary.Theyarebooks.A.childB.childrens'C.childrenD.children'sIhavewornoutmyshoes,soIwanttobuyanew.A.pairB.oneC.onesD.trousersMeimei'shandwritingisbetterthananyotherinhisclass.A.studentsB.studentsC.student'sD.students'Thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.It'sabout.A.fortyminutes'swalkB.fortyminute'swalk

C.fortyminuteswalkD.fortyminutes'walk7.Howmanyarethereinyourclass?A.JapaneseB.AmericanC.AustralianD.Canadian8.Ifoundmyblackcatin_room.A.JimandMikeB.JimandMike'sC.Jim'sandMike'sD.Jim'sandMike9.Howmucharethe_____?A.breadB.meats.C.potatosD.tomatoes10.Therearemany______inourschool.A.womanteachersB.woman'steachersC.womenteachersD.women'steachers11.Threemonthsalongtimeforme.A.isB.areC.haveD.has12.Thereareandonthetable.A.twoboxescake;fourbottleoforangestwoboxescake;fourbottleoforangetwoboxesofcakes;fourbottlesoforangeD.twoboxofcakes;三、選擇填空：[1].TheyareA:mandoctorctors[2]TherearefiveA:sheepD:deers[3]ThosewhitesocksA:areD:do[4]WehavemanyinfourbottlesoforangesD.twoboxofcakes;三、選擇填空：[1].TheyareA:mandoctorctors[2]TherearefiveA:sheepD:deers[3]ThosewhitesocksA:areD:do[4]WehavemanyinfourbottlesoforangesB:mendoctorsinthehill.B:sheepssmall.B:isourschool.C:mendoctorC:gooseC:amD:mandoA:womanteacherB:womenteachersC:womanteachersD:womenteacher[5]Doyoulike?A:vegetableB:vegetablesC:anvegetableA:pictureB:pictures[7]Therearesixintheroom.A:volleyballB:volleyballsleyballs[8]Aretheseteachers?A:womanB:women[9]Itis.A:milkB:amilkD:milks[10]It'sa.Itisn'tan.A:apple,eggB;cake,egggg,cake[11]TomandJimare___.A:friendsB:friendD:sister[12]Wherearehis?___thedresser.A:keys,TheyareonB:key,Theyaretisin[13]Arethoseyour?A:bookesB:boxsD:apple[14]Thereisinourroom.A:apictureandfivemaps[6]Howmanydotheyhave?C:apictureC:avolleyballD:volC:womansC:anmolkC:egg,orange,D:eC:brotheronC:keys,ItisatD:key,IC:applesB:fivemapsandapictureC:twopicturesandfivemapsD:twopictureandfivemap初中英語語法大全一、名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：一）在后面力口s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后力口es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以輔音字母力y結(jié)尾的變y為i再力es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如:radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿，potatoes馬鈴薯五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es（s）。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子，Chinese,Japanese七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同學(xué)‘family家，家庭成員九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如:mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚fishes魚的種類，paper紙papers報紙，卷子，論文work工作works作品，工廠，glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡,orange桔子水oranges橙子，light光線lights燈,people人peoples民族,time時間times時代,次數(shù),chicken雞肉chickens小雞十一）單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或's。如：Is（I's）,Ks（K's）。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-Englishmen二、名詞的格1．當我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：一）單數(shù)在后面加's。如：brother's,Mike's,teacher's二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加'，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers'Day教師節(jié)，classmates';Children'sDay六一節(jié)，Women'sDay三八節(jié)三）由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個s,但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：MikeandBen'sroom邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mike'sandBen'srooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間）2．代詞項目人稱代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞人稱主格賓格形容詞名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)Iwemeusmyourmineoursmyselfourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)sheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsthisthatitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves3．動詞A）第三人稱單數(shù)當動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加S,如下:一）一般在詞后力口s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后力口es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）以o結(jié)尾力口es。如：does,goes五）特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB）現(xiàn)在分詞當我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：一）一般在后力口ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二）以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母+—個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show-showing,draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning四）以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于4．形容詞的級我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下：一）一般在詞后加er或est（如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st）。如:greater-greatest,shorter-shortest,taller-tallest,longer-longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母+1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewerfewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再力口er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i力口er/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠)good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill一worseworstlittle-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest5.數(shù)詞(基變序，有規(guī)則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后掛；y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、句式1.陳述句肯定陳述句Thisisabook.(be動詞)Helooksveryyoung.(連系動詞)Iwantasweatlikethis.(實義動詞)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情態(tài)動詞)There'sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe結(jié)構(gòu))否定陳述句a)Thesearen'ttheirbooks.b)Theydon'tlooknice.c)Katedoesn'tgotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Katecan'tfindherdoll.e)Thereisn'tacathere.(=There'snocathere.)2.祈使句肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let'slearnEnglish!c)Comein,please.否定祈使句a)Don'tbelate.b)Don'thurry.3.疑問句1)一般疑問句a)IsJimastudent?b)CanIhelpyou?c)Doesshelikesalad?d)DotheywatchTV?e)Isshereading?肯定回答:a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)Yes,theydo.e)Yes,sheis.否定回答:a)No,heisn't.b)No,youcan't.c)No,shedoesn't.d)No,theydon't.e)No,sheisn't.選擇疑問句Isthetablebigorsmall?回答It'sbig./It'ssmall.特殊疑問句問年齡HowoldisLucy?Sheistwelve.

問種類Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?問身體狀況Howisyouruncle?問種類Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?問身體狀況Howisyouruncle?問方式Howdo/canyouspellit?Howdowecontactyou?問原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub?⑥問時間Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.Heiswell/fine.L-doubleO-K.Mye-mailaddressiscindyjones@163.com.What'sthetime?（=Whattimeisit?）It'saquartertotena.m..⑦問地方Where'smybackpack?⑧問顏色Whatcolorarethey?What'syourfavouritecolor?⑨問人物Who'sthat?Whoistheboyinblue?Whoisn'tatschool?Atfiveo'clock.Let'sgoat7:00.Atfiveo'clock.Let'sgoat7:00.It'sunderthetable.Theyarelightblue.It'sblack.It'smysister.Mybrother.PeterandEmma.⑩問東西What'sthis/that（inEnglish）?It'sapencilcase.Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.（11）問姓名What'syouraunt'sname?HernameisHelen./She'sHelen.Myfirstname'sBen.Myfamilyname'sSmith.What'syourfirstname?What'syourfamilyname?12問哪一個Whichdoyoulike?Ilikeoneinthebox.13問字母Whatletterisit?It'sbigD/smallf.14問價格Howmucharethesepants?They're15dollars.15問電話號碼What'syourphonenumber?It's576-8349.16問謂語（動作）What'shedoing?He'swatchingTV.17問職業(yè)（身份）Whatdoyoudo?I'mateacher.What'syourfather?He'sadoctor.三、時態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現(xiàn)在時，它有Be動詞：She'saworker.Issheaworker?Sheisn'taworker.情態(tài)動詞：Icanplaythepiano.Canyouplaythepiano?Ican'tplaythepiano.行為動詞：Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.Dotheywanttoeatanytomatoes?Theydon'twanttoeatanytomatoes.Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatch?Ginadoesn'thaveawatch.2、現(xiàn)在進行時表示動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或進行就使用進行時態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sbbev-ingsth+其它。They'relisteningtothepopmusic.Aretheylisteningthepopmusic?Theyaren'tlisteningtothepopmusic.A）名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：一）在后面力口s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后力口es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以輔音字母力y結(jié)尾的變y為i再力es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如:radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿，potatoes馬鈴薯五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es（s）。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子，Ch