初中英語必背單詞、詞組和語法總結(jié)

初中最常用必須會拼寫的單詞（777詞）衣物（37）clothes,skirt,T-shirt,shirt,shoes,boot,runningshoes,leathershoes,tie,slipper,cap,hat,pants（褲子），trousers（長褲），shorts（短褲），dress,jacket,coat,blouse,scarf,jeans,overcoat,sportswear（運動裝）,sneakers（運動鞋），socks,glove,uniform,suit（一套衣服），plainclothes（簡樸的衣月服）,uniform,raincoat,sweater,handbag,stocking（長襪）稱呼（26）family,grandparents,grandfather,grandpa,grandmother,grandma,granny,grandson,granddaughter,parents,father,dad,mother,mom,mum,husband,wife,son,daughter,uncle,aunt,cousin（堂兄弟，堂姐妹；表兄弟，表姐妹）,nephew（侄子，外甥），niece（侄女，甥女）brother,sister.顏色（16）red,white,brown,black,yellow,pink,blue,gray/grey,green,orange,purple,gold,light,dark,colored,colourful職業(yè)（68）captain,chairman,chairwoman,fisherman,postman,actor,doctor,educator,sailor,director,hunter,leader,teacher,worker,driver,farmer,cleaner,player,dancer,runner,singer,engineer,interpreter,speaker,reporter,explorer,server,gatekeeper,officer,headmaster,soldier,firefighter,manager,programme"節(jié)目制作者），programmer（程序設(shè)計員），carver,gardener,painter,waiter,barber（理發(fā)師），photographer（攝影師）,pilot,police,model,nurse,servant,athlete,official,boss,artist,dentist,journalist,scientist,host,coach,astronaut,clerk,secretary,volunteer,musician,cook,pupil,student,principal,president,peasant,assistant,customer公共場所（35）school,zoo,park,bedroom,livingroom,sittingroom,classroom,waitingroom,lab,school,home,library,kitchen,doorbell，playground,hill,mountain,desert,forest,plain,bookshop/bookstore,building,busstop,railway/trainstation,cinema,hospital,market,museum,office,park,garden,postoffice,shop/store,toilet動詞（37）持續(xù)性動詞live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write,danee,sing,smoke等。瞬間性動詞begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,finish,go,leave,lend,marry,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop,takeoff等動物（40）sheep,bear,ant,wolf,lamb,horse,worm（蠕蟲），cat,chicken,dog,elephant,lion,monkey,mouse,panda,pig,tiger,butterfly,cow,duck,fox,goose,snake,camel,fly,giraffe,hare,rabbit,tortoise,bird,hen,frog,bee,rabbit,dragon,fish,phoenix,turkey,insect,whale.科目(14)Chinese,Math,English,Politics,Geography,History,Biology,Physics,Chemistry,Science,Art,Computer,.Music.天氣(20)rain,rainy;snow,snowy;wind,windy;sun,sunny;ice,icy;fog,foggy;cloud,cloudy;hot;cold;warm;dry;wet,cool疾病(9)cold,cough,headache,backache,toothache,fever,flu,sorethroat,cancer,near-sighted身體部位(31)hair,head,eye,ear,nose,mouth,tooth,neck,throat,face,shoulder,hand,arm,elbow,leg,foot,chest,finger,fingernail,stomach,back,knee,lap,heart,lung,blood,bone,skin,toe,thumb,tongue.交通工具(12)bus,train,boat，ship，jeep,motorbike,plane,car,train,truck,bicycle,bike生活用品(27)bag,basket,bed,brush,chair,candle,clock,cup,desk,fireplace,fridge,glass,handbag,knife,ladder,key,light,line,mirror,pan,phone,plate,pot,table,teapot,bowl,TV情緒情感(9)happy,sad,excited,tired,bored,unhappy,angry,worried,pleased信息(22)computer,email,network,password,message,online,enter,member,news,information,article,writing,text,passage,title,topic,idea,view,opinion,suggestion,question,weatherreport水果(8)apple,pear,banana,strawberry,tomato,watermelon,grape,orange學習用品(11)pencil-box,pen,pencil,eraser/rubber,schoolbag,ink,notebook,book,knife,dictionary,ruler體育項目(8)basketball,tennis,surfing,swimming,skating,table-tennis,football,skiing不定代詞(29)some(something，somebody，someone)，any(anything，anybody，anyone)，no(nothing，nobody，noone)，every(everything，everybody，everyone)，all，each，both，much，many，(a)little，(a)few，other(s)，another，none，one，either，neither飲食(45)honey,biscuit,flour,cheese,pie,cookie,curry,porridge,coke可樂)，pizza,pork,ham,butter,potato,tofu,salad,egg,honey,cocoa,sugar,salt,chips,candy,icecream,sandwich,bread,cake,chicken,fish,hamburger,noodle,chocolate,dumpling,beef,steak,RoastDuck，breakfast,lunch,supper/dinner,tea,drink,wine,water,diet世纟己、年、月、日(25)century,year,month,day,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,today,tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,morning,afternoon,evening,night,midnight,January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,October,November,December.星期(7)Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday,Sunday.四季及時刻(9)Spring,Summer,Fall/Autumn,Winter，hour,quarter,minute,second,方位(33)east,south,west,north,northeast,northwest,southwest,southeast,up,down,upon,between,among,under,beside,near,above,by,behind,before,right,left,closeto,acrossfrom,nextto,inthemiddleof,inthecenterof,inthefrontof,infrontof,atthebackof,on,at,in基數(shù)詞(31)1one2two3three4four5five6six7seven8eight9nine10ten11eleven12twelve13thirteen14fourteen15fifteen16sixteen17seventeen18eighteen19nineteen20twenty30thirty40forty50fifty60sixty70seventy80eighty90ninety100ahundred1000athousand1，000，000amillion10，000，000tenmillion100，000，000ahundredmillion1，000，000，000abillion序數(shù)詞(30)firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenthtwentiethtwenty-firstthirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredththousandth蔬菜(6)carrottomatopotatoonioncabbageeggplant國家,首都(32)China,America,Australia,Britain,Canada,England,France,Germany,India,Japan,London,NewYork,NewZealand,Paris,PRC.Russia,Sydeny,Tokyo,Toronto,Washington,theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations(聯(lián)合國,Macao,Mexico,HongKong,Egypt,Korea,Italy,Asia,Africa民族/語言(18)Chinese,American,Australian,Canadian,

Englishman,Englishmen,English,French,Englishman,Englishmen,English,French,Frenchman,Frenchmen,German,Indian,Japanese,Russian,Korean,Italian,Asian,African材料（6）wood,cotton,silk,plastic,metal,glass,不規(guī)則形容詞或副詞（28）good/well好betterbest;bad/badly壞的worseworst;many/much多（形容不可數(shù)名詞）moremost;little少lessleast;many多（形容可數(shù)名詞）moremost;farfartherfarthest遠（具體）；farfurtherfurthest深遠的（抽象），比如furthereducation高等教育;old老，年紀較長older/elderoldest/eldest沒有比較和最高級的形容詞（12）empty,wrong,perfect,unique,extreme,excellent,favourite（GB）/favorite（GA）,true,right,correct,extremely最常用的形容詞（36）small;big;hungry;full;little;high;short;tall;long;old（老的，舊的）；new；young;beautiful;nice;early;late;right;wrong;busy;free;lazy;bored;heavy;light;blind;special（特別的）；kind（善良的）；happy;sad;fast;fun（有趣的）；scary（嚇人的）;different（不同的）；thesame（同樣的）；round（圓的）；great（偉大的），cheap;expensive初中英語重要詞組（see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat（感官動詞）+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump（比較級and比較級）表示越來越怎么樣apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟（容易）agreewithsb.贊成某人allkindsof各種各樣akindof一樣allovertheworld=thewholeworld整個世界alongwith同一道，伴隨eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我將和你一起去thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers學生同老師們一起種樹Assoonas一怎么樣就怎么樣asyoucansee你是知道的10askfor求助向…要…（直接接想要的東西）11asksbforsth向某人什么12asksbtodosth詢問某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事attheageof在歲時atthebeginningof的起初；的開始

attheendof+地點/+時間最后；盡頭；末尾atthistimeofyear在每年的這個時候be/feelconfidentofsth/thatclause+從句感覺/對什么有信心，自信be+doing表：1現(xiàn)在進行時2將來時beableto（+v原）二can（+v原）能夠beafraidtodo（ofsth恐懼，害怕beallowedtodo被允許做什么beangrywithsb生某人的氣beangrywith（at）sbfordoingsth為什么而生某人的氣beas…原級???as和什么一樣eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一樣高beashamedtobeawayfrom遠離beawayfrom從……離開bebadfor對什么有害beborn出生于bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于……becareful當心；小心bedifferentfrom和befamousfor以befamousfor以著名befriendlytosb對某人友好befrom=comefrom來自befullof裝滿……的befilledwith充滿eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwaterbeglad+to+do/從句begoingto+v(原)將來時begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善長，善于……begoodfor對什么有好處behappytodo很高興做某事behelpfultosb對某人有好處44beingoodhealth體健康身45beintrouble處于困難中46beinterestedin對某方面感興趣47belatefor=comelateto遲到eg:Belateforclass上課遲到48belike像eg:I'mlikemymotherbemadat生某人的氣bemadefrom由制成（制成以后看不見原材料）bemadeof由制成（制成以后還看得見原材料）benotsure表不確定beonavisitto參觀bepopularwithsb受某人歡迎bequiet安靜beshortfor表**的縮寫eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰besickinbed生病在床58besorrytodosthbesorryforsbeg:Iamsorryforyou59besorrytohearthat60besorrytotroublesb61bestrictindoingsth嚴于做某事62bestrictwithsb對某人要求嚴格63bestrictwithsbinsth某方面對某人嚴格besupposedtodo被要求干什么besure表確定besureofdoingsth對做某事有信心besureofsth對做某事有信心besurethatsth對做某事有信心besuretodosth一定會做某事WearesuretolearnEnglishwell我們一定能學好英語beterrifiedof+名/動doing害怕beterrifiedtodosth害怕做某事

bethesameas…和什么一樣beusedtodoingsth習慣做某事Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly我爸爸習慣早beworthdoing值得做什么be(feel)afraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofsth害怕某物beafraidthat叢句because+句子becauseof+短語eg:HewaslatebecausehehadaheadacheHewaslatebecauseofhisheadachebegintodo=starttodo開始做某事start???with…二begin???with…以什么開始什么between???and…兩者之間borrowsthfromsb向借lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借給什么東西both=thesame(as)=notdifferent(from)表相同bother打擾bothersbtodostheg:I'msorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestation我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎么去車站到……為bytheendof到為到……為callsbstheg:Wecallhimoldwangcatchupwithsb趕上某人chatwithsb和某人閑談takesbto+地點帶某人去某地comein進comeoverto過來comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea你能想出一個好辦法嗎communicatewithsb和某人交流consider+doing考慮做什么eg:Whynotconsidergoingtoluzhou為什么不考慮去瀘州daneeto隨著跳舞decidetodosth決定做某事doasurveyof做某方面的調(diào)查dobetterin在方面做得更好dowrong做錯Don'tforgettodosth不要忘了做某事Don'tmind+doing/從句/名詞不要介意……each+名（單）每一個???eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks每一個學生都有一些書100endup+doingenjoy+doing喜歡escapefrom從逃跑expecttodosth期待做某事falldown摔下來falloff從哪摔下來fallinlovewithsb/sth愛上什么farfrom離某地遠find+it+adj+todo發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣findsb/sth+adj發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么樣eg:Ifindthebookinterestingfinish完成+doing（名詞）fittosb=befitforsb適合某人forgettodo沒有做而忘了forgetdoing做了而又忘了from???to…從某某到某某eg:Frommeforherget/havesthdown做完，被（另U人）做???eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了發(fā)（頭發(fā)被剪了）Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫(yī)拔掉了）getapart-timejob=findapart-timejobgetalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb與某人相處得好getalongwithsb=getonwithsb與某人相處getreadyfor=bereadyfor為什么而準備getsbintotrouble給某人帶來麻煩

get???from…從某處得到某物giveatalk做報告givesthtosbgivesbsth給某人某物gofish釣魚goswimming游泳goontodo去做下一件事goondoing繼續(xù)做這件事gooutawayfrom遠離gooutof從….離開gotoschool上學（用于專業(yè)的）gototheschool去學校（不一定是上學）goodwayto好方法hatetodo討厭沒做過的事hatedoing討厭做過的事haveapartyforsb舉辦誰的晚會haveatalk聽報告談一談havebeendoing現(xiàn)在完成進行時havebeento???（地方）去過某過地方havegoneto…（地方）去了某地還沒回來havefun+doing玩得高興havesthtodo有什么事要做某事havetodosth必須做某事havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth做什么事情有麻煩have???time+doinghave???(時間)???off放假139hearsb+do/doing聽見某人做某事/正在做某事helpalot很大用處helpsbwithsth\one'ssth幫助某人某事(某方面)helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事hopetodosth希望做某事Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)howdoyoulike=whatdoif:是否=whethereg:Idon'tknowif(whether)Ishouldgototheparty我不知道我是否應該去參加晚會Hedon'tknowif(whether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning他不知道我們明天早上是否能準時到達if:如果，假如(全部接一般時態(tài))+條件語態(tài)從句eg:I'llgotoLuZhouifitdoesn'train彳假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow假如他們要改變計劃，他們會讓我知道的youthinkof看法你對什么的

I'llgotoEngland,ifIhaveenoughmoneynextyear如果我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英國inone'sopinion二sbthink某人認為148insomeways在某些方面149intheend=finally(adv)最后150inthenorthof…什么在什么的北方(north北south南west西east東）151inthesun在太陽下152increase增加eg:They'veincreasedinsteadof+(名)代替eg:I'dlikeanappleinsteadofapear我想要蘋果，而不要梨子introducesbtosb介紹某人給某人introduceoneself自我介紹invitesbtodosth邀請某人做某事Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某人花掉某人多少時間eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomeworkIttakesmehalfanhourtocookthepriceofpetrolby3%他們把石油價增加了thepriceofpetrolby3%他們把石油價增加了3%It's+adj+todo做某事怎么樣It's+adjforsb對于某人來說怎么樣It's+adjofsb對某人來說太怎么樣It's+adj(forsb)todo(對某人來說)做某事怎么樣It's+adjofsbtodosth對某人來說做某事太怎么樣eg:It'sniceofyouthelpmewithmyEnglishIt'sagoodideaforsbtdosth對來說是個好主意It'simportanttosb對某人來說很重要eg:It'simportanttomeIt'stimetodosthIt'stimeforsth到了該去做某事的時間eg:It'stimetohaveclassIt'stimeforclass該去上課了join二takepartin參加justnow剛才keep+sb/sth+adj/介詞短語讓什么保持什么樣keepout不讓進入keepsbadj讓保持keephealthy保持健康keyto+名詞表示：某物的鑰匙或某題的答案

170keyto…answerto?…以是答題或鑰匙key可171laughat…取笑…172learnbyoneself自學173learnfromsb向某人學習174learntodosth學做某事175letsbdosth讓某人做某事Letsbdown讓某人失望eg:Weshouldn'tletourparentsdown我們不應該讓我們的父母失望livefrom:離某地遠livein+大地方/at+小地lookafter=takecareof照顧照看loseone'sway誰迷路makeadecisiontodosth決定做某事makefriendswithsb和誰成為朋友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyoumakeitearly把時間定的早一點makeonexhibitionofoneself讓某人出洋相makesb/n+n使什么成為什么eg:ImadehermystepmotherImade方居住在某地方居住在某地makesb/sth+adj使某人（某物）怎么樣eg:Youmustmadeyourbedcleanmakesb/sthadj使某人/某物怎么樣makesbdosth讓某人做某事makeupbemadeupof（被動語態(tài)）由組成make???differeneeto…mindsbtodomindone'sdoing介意做什么most+名mostof+代muchtoo+形容詞mustbe一定need+名詞needsbdosth需要某人做某事needtodo（實義動詞）needdo（情態(tài)動詞）no/neitherofhatetodono/neitherofhatedoingno+名詞notanymore=nomore再也不eg:Hedidn'tcryanymorenot…（形、副）atalleg:He'snottallatallshedoesn'tjumpfaratallnot???atall一點都不not???either表否定，也不eg:Idon'tJapaneseeitherIdon'thavesister,either我也沒有姐姐not???until直到才205offer/providesbwithsth給某人提供offersbsth(offersthtosb提供什么東西給某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou我給你提供水onone'swayto…在誰去那的路上ontheonehand—方面ontheotherhand另一方面onthephone=overthephone用電話交談ontime準時intime及時oneday=someday=someday一天，有一天oneof+可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式onetoanother一個到另一個overandoveragain—遍又一遍的eg:Hecleanedtheflooroverandoveraginpart-timejob兼職工作fall-timejob全職工作payfor…付錢paythebill開錢，付錢please+dopleasehelpyourselfpleasedwithsbpoolinto=pourintopractice+doing練習做某事prefersthtosth相對更喜歡eg:Ipreferphysicstochemistry在物理和化學中，我更喜歡物理prefersbnottodosth更愿意…eg:Ipreferhernottocome我不喜歡她不來pretendtodosth裝著去做什么pretendthat從句eg:Thetwocheatspretendedtobeworkingveryhard這兩個騙子裝著努力工作rather???than寧可也不……eg:Iwouldratherbeadoctorthanateacher我愿肯當醫(yī)生，也不當老師regard???as把當作Iregardyouasmyfriend我把你當作我的朋友remindsbaboutsth提醒某人什么事remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事eg:heremindsmeaboutcooking(heremindsmetocook他提醒我做飯remindsbofsth使某人想起什么thewordsthat(which)theteachertalktoremindmeofmymotherreturnsthtosb還什么東西給某人saytooneself對自己說saytosb對某人說sbspendsomemoneyonsth238send???to…把什么寄到哪里花了多少錢在某事上232sbspendsometimewithsb239去shock使震驚eg:某物sbandYouseemtoeg:某物sbandYouseemtoeg:顯得243some???others…些另—■些花了多少時間陪誰sbspendsometime(in)doingsth花了多少時間做某事sbwithsb+issb+areseesbdo看見某人做過某事seesbdoing看見某人正在做某事seemtodo/be+adj怎么樣Oh,It'sonlyyou!Yougivemeashock啊，是你呀！嚇我一跳showsbsth向某人展示showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么東西給某人看showsthtosb向某人展示某物betiredYouseemtobehappysend+sbsth送給某人某物start???with…從開始begin???with…從……開始stayawayfrom遠離eg:We'retoldtostayawayfromtheanimalswhenvisitingthezoo當我們參觀zoo時，我們要遠離動物stopdoing停下正在做的事stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事stoptodo停下正在做的事去做下一件事such+名這樣，這種suitsb適合某人surprisesb使某人驚奇toone'ssurprise令某人驚奇takeclasses上課takesbto把某人帶去eg:Itakeyoutothehospitaltakewalks=takeawalk=goforawalk散步256①talkto對誰說②talkwith和誰說talkof談到talkabout談?wù)撽P(guān)于……talkwithsb和某人說話teachsbsth教某人做某事tellsbdosth告訴某人做某事tellsbsth告訴某人某事tellsbthat叢句tellsbnottodosthtellsb〔not〕todosth告訴某人做什么263tell???from…區(qū)別264thankyoufor+doing265thesame+名詞（doing）+asthesame…（名）???asas???（adjadv）???as相同thewaytodosth=thewayofdoingsth做某方面的方法thewayto+地方去哪的路eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglishDoyouknowthewayoflearningEnglishthewayto???（地點）到哪的translateinto把什么翻譯成什么eg:TranslateEnglishintoChinesetravelwithsb和某人去旅游tryone'sbesttodosth盡某人最大的努力去做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglishwell273trytodosth想干什么，但沒成功trydoingsth想干什么，已經(jīng)做過了try…試衣服haveatry試一下turndown開小?—?turnup開大turnoff關(guān)上—?tur