2022-2023學(xué)年北師大版必修二課堂訓(xùn)練Unit5HumansandNatureLesson3RacetothePole作業(yè)

Unit5HumansandNatureLesson3RacetothePole2022-2023學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)北師大版(2019)必修第二冊(cè)同步課時(shí)訓(xùn)練一、填空.Theelephanthadheardthe(distance)alarmcallsofanimalsandhermoodsuddenlychanged..Mr.Smithwasthefirst(leave)onSeptember10th..(anxious),shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn*tfit..(base)onarealstory,thefilmwasverymoving..Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthat(explore)..Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettobreaksometradebannersbetweenthem.twaswith(sincere)andfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmonious(和諧的)atmosphere..Thereisalabelattachedtothebottle,which(say)"takethreepillsatime;threetimesaday"..Drinkingwaterreallycankeepyou(cheer).lO.BythetimeSpanish(explore)arrivedinCentralAmericainthelate1400s,peoplehadmadehotandcoldchocolatedrinkswithspices.二、七選五UrbanWildlifeCitiesarediverseecosystems.Inadditiontovisitors,alargenumberofspeciesshareoururbanareas.Asourcitiesspread,weneedtothinkaboutwhatitislikeforotherspeciestohavehumanneighbors.Citiesarebuiltforhumans.①Forexample,mostcityparksarekeptneatandtidysothathumanswillfindthembeautiful.Butwhenwecutgrassorplants,wedestroynaturalhabitats,whichleadstotheimbalanceofecology.②WhenabridgeinAustin,Texaswasrepaired,engineersaddedsmallgapsrunningalongthelengthofitsbottom.Thismadeagoodhomeforbats,andsoonthebridgewashometothousandsofbats.(3)Now,theyhaveetovaluetheirwingedneighbors.Thebatsbeeatouristattraction,andtheyeatlotsofbugseverynight.Therearealsostructuresbuiltwiththeaimofbringingwildlifeintothecity.TheBeijingOlympicForestParkisagoodexample.Theparkusednativeplants,andcreatedopenandnaturalspacesforwildlife.TheresultisazoneinBeijingwithover160speciesofbirds.Inmanyways,theparkistheoppositeofazoo.④Ifwelearntoshareourspace,wecanbeebetterneighborsofthewildlifearoundus.⑤Ourownfuturewillbeendangeredtoo.Theyarebuilttoprotectbirds.Ouractionssometimeshelpotherspecies.Ifwedonot,morespecieswillbeeextinct.Theydonotalwaysprovidesuitablehabitatsforwildlife.Insteadofbeingkeptincages,wildlifecanmovemorefreely.Atfirst,peoplewereafraidofthebatsandtriedtogetridofthem.Theywouldsitonitandtheirdroppingswouldfallintothewater.三、閱讀理解Inthepast50years,theamountofwaterintheopenoceanwithzerooxygenhasgoneupmorethanfourfold.Incoastalwaterbodies,includingrivermouthsandseas,low-oxygensiteshaveincreasedmorethantenfoldsince1950.ScientistsexpectoxygentocontinuedroppingevenoutsidethesezonesastheEarthwarms."Oxygenisfundamentaltolifeintheocean,nsaidDeniseBreitburg,amarineecologistattheSmithsonianEnvironmentalResearchCenter.nThedeclineinoceanoxygenranksamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth'senvironment.Actually,it'sagreatlosstoallthesupportservicesthatrelyonrecreationandtourism,includinghotels,restaurants,taxisandeverythingelse.Thereverberations（影響）ofunhealthyecosystemsintheoceancanbeextensive.”InareastraditionallycalledHdeadzones11,likethoseinChesapeakeBayandtheGulfofMexico,oxygenplummets（暴跌）tosolowlevelsthatmanyanimalsdie.Asfishavoidthesezones,theirhabitatsbeesmallerandthey'reeasiertobeattackedorcaught.Buttheproblemgoesfarbeyond"deadzones”.Evensmalleroxygendeclinecanpreventgrowthinanimals,hinderreproductionandleadtodiseaseorevendeath.Italsocancausethereleaseofdangerouschemicalssuchasnitrousoxide,agreenhousegasupto300timesmorepowerfulthancarbondioxide.Whilesomeanimalscanboomin"deadzones'1,overallbiodiversityfalls.Climatechangeisthekeycriminalintheopenocean.Warmingsurfacewatersmakeitharderforoxygentoreachtheinsideoftheocean.Furthermore,astheoceanasawholegetswarmer,itholdslessoxygen.Incoastalwaters,toomuchnutrientpollutionfromlandcreatesalgalblooms,whichrunoutofoxygenastheydieandbreakdown.People'slivelihoodsarealsoontheline,thescientistsreported,especiallyindevelopingnations.Smallerfisheries（漁場(chǎng)）maybeunabletorelocatewhenlowoxygendestroystheirharvestsorforcesfishtomoveelsewhere.Sowehumanshavetocarryonawarnowandwinthewar.l.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theoceanhasbeenlosingitsoxygen.B.Theamountofseawaterisincreasing.C.Thecoastalwaterbodiesaredangerous.D.TheEarthbeeswarmerandwarmer.2.WhatcanweinferfromDeniseBreitburg'swords?A.Differentoceanshavedifferentlevelsofoxygen.B.Thedeclineinoceanoxygenhasgreatinfluences.C.Thefutureoftourismreliesonthelevelsofoceanoxygen.D.Thedecreaseinoceanoxygenisthemostseriousenvironmentproblem.3.Howdoesthe"deadzone"affectseaanimals?A.Itoffersmorefood.B.Itformsdangerousgas.C.Itreducestheirlivingareas.D.Itproducesmorecarbondioxide.4.Howcanwewinthewaraccordingtothetext?A.Byclosingsmallerfisheries.B.Bycontrollinghumans1badactivities.C.Byimprovingpeople'slivingstandards.D.Bystoppingnutrientsenteringtheocean.答案以及解析一、填空.答案：distant解析：考查形容詞。句意：大象聽(tīng)到了遠(yuǎn)處動(dòng)物的告警聲，它的心情突然變了。根據(jù)句意可知此處用形容詞修飾alarmcallso.答案：toleave解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:史密斯先生是9月10日第一個(gè)離開(kāi)的。thefirsttodosth.第一個(gè)做某事的,thefirst后常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。.答案：Anxiously解析：考查副詞。句意：她焦急地從包裹里拿出那件衣服試穿，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它不合身。根據(jù)句意可知此處用副詞作狀語(yǔ)。.答案：Based解析：考查過(guò)去分詞。此處為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),bebasedon…建立在……基礎(chǔ)上。.答案：exploration解析：考查名詞。句意：高中一般不鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生探索生活的新方面，而大學(xué)為那種探索鋪平了道路。根據(jù)句意可知此處用名詞，exploration表示”探索；探究，.答案：down解析：考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：這兩個(gè)國(guó)家將舉行會(huì)談以消除它們之間的一些貿(mào)易壁壘。breakdown消除，thefirst后常用不定式作定語(yǔ)。故填down。.答案：sincerity解析：考查名詞。句意：我們用真誠(chéng)和忠誠(chéng)創(chuàng)造了一種和諧的氣氛。根據(jù)句意及空后andfaithfulness提示可知此處用名詞。.答案：says解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:瓶子上貼著一個(gè)標(biāo)簽，上面寫(xiě)著“一次吃三片;一天三次、which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為alabel,所以從句謂語(yǔ)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，根據(jù)is可知此處應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填sayso.答案：cheerful解析：考查形容詞。句意：喝水真的能讓你保持愉快。分析句子可知此處包含”keepsb.+a力”結(jié)構(gòu)，故用形容詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。.答案：explorers解析：考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:當(dāng)西班牙探險(xiǎn)家在15世紀(jì)晚期到達(dá)中美洲時(shí)，人們已經(jīng)會(huì)用香料制作熱的和冷的巧克力飲料了。根據(jù)句意可知此處用名詞，且其前沒(méi)有限定詞，所以用復(fù)數(shù)。二、七選五答案：①-⑤DBFEC解析：解析：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了作者對(duì)人類(lèi)城市與野生動(dòng)物關(guān)系的思考。①由空前的Citiesarebuiltforhumans.和空后舉的例子可知，城市并不總是為野生動(dòng)物提供合適的住所。故選D。②此處設(shè)空在段首,考慮到段首句的作用，往往為主題句;由后面細(xì)節(jié)句…engineersaddedsmallgapsrunningalongthelengthofitsbottom…可知，我們?nèi)祟?lèi)的行為有時(shí)是可以幫助到其他物種的。故選Bo③根據(jù)空后句的時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞可以判斷設(shè)空處所填句子與后文內(nèi)容存在時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)的對(duì)照關(guān)系。故選FoAtfirst與后面的Now形成對(duì)比。④空前句Inmanyways,theparkistheoppositeofazoo.中的opposite與E項(xiàng)中的Insteadof形成意義上的呼應(yīng)。故選E。⑤上文談及人類(lèi)與野生動(dòng)物共享城市空間的好處，空后句所涉及內(nèi)容與空前句意思相反，結(jié)合空后句的標(biāo)志詞too可知這里在說(shuō)與空前內(nèi)容相反的內(nèi)容。故選C。三、閱讀理解答案：1-4.ABCB解析：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。由于人類(lèi)活動(dòng)的影響導(dǎo)致全球變暖，氣候變化影響到了海洋生物的生存，又反作用于人類(lèi)的生計(jì)，人類(lèi)必須采取措施應(yīng)對(duì)此問(wèn)題。.主旨大意題。通過(guò)第一段我們知道了海洋面臨的現(xiàn)狀:在過(guò)去的50年里，海洋中零氧水域的水量增加了四倍多。低氧場(chǎng)所自1950年以來(lái)增加了十多倍。通過(guò)這些現(xiàn)狀，科學(xué)家預(yù)計(jì)，隨著地球變暖，即使在這些區(qū)域之外,氧氣也會(huì)繼續(xù)下降。由此可知海洋正在失去氧氣。故