Unit 2 Grammar and usage 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和完成時(shí)）課件 高中英語(yǔ) 必修第二冊(cè)

Unit2Besporty,behealthyGrammarandusagePassivevoiceinthepresentcontinuousandpresentperfecttensesOnceuponatime,therewasanisland.Thethreethingsthatpeopletherelikedtodois...EatingSleepingBeatingDoudou遙遠(yuǎn)的小島上，住著一個(gè)倒霉蛋，它叫豆豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃飯，睡覺(jué)，打豆豆。你看，它總是被打，還不知道是誰(shuí)打的。Doudouisalways

beaten

bysomeone.always昨天晚上，夜黑風(fēng)高，它又被打了。Doudouwasbeaten

yesterdayevening.Yesterdayevening明天，豆豆還會(huì)面臨暴打，可憐的豆豆啊。Doudouwillbebeaten

tomorrowevening.tomorrowevening可憐的豆豆，已經(jīng)被這樣打了很多年。命運(yùn)一直沒(méi)有改變。PoorDoudouhasbeenbeaten

formanyyears.formanyyears我們親愛(ài)的豆豆現(xiàn)在在干嘛，不用問(wèn)，一定是正在被打。OurdearDoudouisbeing

beatennow.now隨時(shí)可能被打的豆豆啊，誰(shuí)來(lái)救救它啊。PoorDoudoumaybebeaten

anytime.Whatarecommonofthesesentences?Heis

always

beaten

bysomeone.Hewas

beaten

bysomeone

yesterdayevening.Hewillbe

beaten

bysomeone

tomorrowevening.He

hasbeenbeatenformanyyears.He

isbeingbeatennow.Theyareallpassivevoice.WespeakEnglish.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Englishisspoken

by

us.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)：主變賓，賓變主，謂語(yǔ)變成be+done⑴不知道，或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。Thebook__________(write)forchildren.⑵談話(huà)的中心是動(dòng)作的承受者。Mybike__________(steal)lastnight.⑶沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。It___well_______(know)thattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.

iswrittenwasstolenisknown被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

基本用法漢語(yǔ)中有一類(lèi)句子不出現(xiàn)主語(yǔ)，但譯成英語(yǔ)時(shí)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。(1)Itissaidthat…據(jù)說(shuō)…(2)Itisreportedthat…據(jù)報(bào)道…(3)Itisbelievedthat…有人相信…(4)Itiswell-knownthat…眾所周知…(5)Itisconsideredthat…人們認(rèn)為…(6)Itissupposedthat…據(jù)推測(cè)…(7)Itisestimatedthat…據(jù)估計(jì)…不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

do表示動(dòng)詞原形，

done或v-ed表示動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)(bedone或be+v-ed)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)bedoing(正在做…)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)havedone已經(jīng)做了…過(guò)去完成時(shí)正在被已經(jīng)被am/is/arebeingdonewas/weredoneam/is/aredonewas/werebeingdonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示某動(dòng)作正在被執(zhí)行結(jié)構(gòu)為is/am/are+beingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)被完成AB必修二

現(xiàn)在

進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為have/hasbeendone.Turntopage20Readtheleaflets

TrytofindthepassivevoiceinthepresentcontinoustenseandpresentperfcttenseandfinishthetablebelowPassivevoiceinthepresentcontinuoustenseThefinishingtouchesarenowbeingputtoanewswimmingpool…PassivevoiceinthepresentperfecttenseOurfacilitieshavebeenenlargedandredone…Weighttrainingclasses,forexample,arebeingdesigned……andourworkoutroomshavebeenupdatedwithmodernequipment.…ouraerobicsclasshasbeenreplacedwithseveralfunoptions…WorkingouttherulesWeusethepassivevoiceinthepresentcontinuoustensetotalkaboutsomethingthatisbeingdonerightnow.Theverbformis‘(1)____________________’Weusethepassivevoiceinthepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutsomethingthathasbeendone.Theverbformis‘(2)_______________________’Workingouttherulesis/am/arebeingdonehave/hasbeendoneMakesentenceswithpassivevoiceinthepresentcontinuousorpresentperfecttenses.constructTheroadisbeingconstructed.Theroadhasbeenconstructed.TranslaterepairThecarisbeingrepaired.Thecarhasbeenrepaired.TranslatecookThedishisbeingcooked.Thedishhasbeencooked.TranslateThefamilyisdecoratingthetree.

Thetreeisbeingdecorated.Thetreehasbeendecorated.

decorateTranslate用法Mywashingmachine

isbeingrepaired(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.①表示正在進(jìn)行或正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作Mybedroomisbeingpainted(paint)now.②表示現(xiàn)階段或目前這段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作,但這一被動(dòng)動(dòng)作在此時(shí)此刻不一定正在發(fā)生，常與thesedays，thisweek連用。ThePresentContinousPassiveVoice現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法Thetelephoneisinuse.=Thetelephoneisbeingused.Manynewproductsare

onshow.=Manynewproductsarebeingshown.③少數(shù)及物動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按計(jì)劃、安排將要承受某個(gè)動(dòng)作。Aconcertisbeingheld

tonight.④be+under/in/on+n.可表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的含義。1.Manyspeeches_________________(hold)inourschoolthesedays.2.Anewstadium___________________(build).Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.3.Thecamerayou____________(use)nowbelongstome.areusingisbeingbuiltarebeingheldPractice4.Onethirdoftheclass___________________(question)bytheteachersnow.5.

-What’s

that

noise?-

Oh,

I

forgot

to

tell

you.

The

new

machine_______________

(test).6.Look!

The

foreign

guests

_______________

(show)around

the

factory

by

Mr.

Zhang.

are

being

shownis

being

testedarebeingquestionedPracticeFocuson基本用法ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法Thechildhasbeentakengoodcareofbyhisgrandmaalltheseyears.①表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。Thedoorhasbeenlocked.

門(mén)已經(jīng)被鎖了.②表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能將持續(xù)下去,常與foratime、since、howlong等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already已經(jīng)yet已經(jīng)recently/lately最近sincethen從那時(shí)起eversince自那以來(lái)sofar迄今為止foralongtime很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間bynow到現(xiàn)在為止inrecentyears在最近幾年里in/during/overthepast/lastyears在過(guò)去的幾年里1.Allhismoney_______________(use)upandhehastoborrowsome.2.Lookout！You_______________(follow)byastranger3.--Thewindowisdirty.--Iknow.It

(notclean)forweeks.4.Papermoney____________(use)foroverninehundredyears.5.--Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?--Notyet.Therooms

(paint).hasn’tbeencleanedarebeingpaintedPracticehasbeenusedarebeingfollowedhasbeenusedRewritethefollowingsentencesonthebookPage21Thecitygovernmentisbuildinganewcommunitysportscentre.Someworkersarepaintingthewallsintheworkoutrooms.Peoplehavetoldmethenewworkoutroomsareverymodern.Jenny’sPEteacherhasaskedhertomakeanexerciseplan.Theteachersaretestingstudentsontheirknowledgeoffitness.ApplyingtherulesExercise1Checktheanswers1.Thecitygovernmentisbuildinganewcommunitysportscentre.Anewcommunitysportscentreisbeingbuilt(bythecitygovernment).2.Someworkersarepaintingthewallsintheworkoutrooms.Thewallsintheworkoutroomsarebeingpainted(bysomeworkers).3.Peoplehavetoldmethenewworkoutroomsareverymodern.Ihavebeentoldthatthenewworkoutroomsareverymodern.Checktheanswers4.Jenny’sPEteacherhasaskedhertomakeanexerciseplan.Jennyhasbeenaskedtomakeanexerciseplan(byherPEteacher).5.Theteachersaretestingstudentsontheirknowledgeoffitness.Studentsarebeingtestedontheirknowledgeoffitness(bytheteachers).IvisitedthenewandimprovedCommunitySportsCentre.Itlooksamazing!Itis

notopentothepublicyet,butpreparations(1)

______________(make)presentlyforthereopening.Lotsofnewandmodernfacilities(2)____________(put)inplace.Someoftheexercisemachines(3)_____________(test)byagroupofenergeticyoungpeoplenow.Awholenewrangeofcourses(4)________________(design)forpeopleofallages,includingtaichiandboxing!Completethereviewwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets.arebeingmadehavebeenputarebeingtestedhavebeendesignedExercise2ItriedouttheboxingclassandIlovedit!Thecoach,whowasaboxingchampion,waspatientandprofessional.Thecoach,whowasaboxingchampion,waspatientandprofessional.Attheendoftheone-hourclass,Iwassweatingalloverbutfeltrelaxed.Despitealltheseimprovements,Ihavealsofoundsomethingthatstillneedstobedone:sofarnobasketballcourt(5)

____________(build).IloveplayingbasketballandIhopeabasketballcourtwillbebuiltinthenearfuture.Iamsureitwillmakethesportscentremorepopular.hasbeenbuilt被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的注意事項(xiàng)1.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)意義的情況：1>感官動(dòng)詞,系動(dòng)詞feel,look,taste,smell,sound,prove,turnout等，一般用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：

Yourideasoundsgreat.Shelooksyoungforherage.Whathesaidprovedtobereasonable.2>某些可用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)內(nèi)在“品質(zhì)”或性能的動(dòng)詞，如read,write,sell,wash,clean,dry,wear等，常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義：

Thepenwritessmoothly.Thebooksellswell.3>want/need/requiredoing

某事/物需要被

=want/need/require

tobedone

Mybikeneedsrepairing.

=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.拓展訓(xùn)練11.Thekite

(invent)inChinamorethan2000yearsago.2.Anumberofvolunteers