第二部分 必修四 Unit 10 Money

(一)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出短語(yǔ)1.

推遲*2.

失業(yè)

3.

贈(zèng)送給，泄露(秘密)4.

退出，退學(xué)

5.

謀生

6.

決心做某事

7.

憑空想出，虛構(gòu)出putoff

outofwork giveawaydropoutmake/earnalivingbedeterminedtododreamup*8.

輪流*9.

對(duì)……關(guān)心，掛念

10.

不理睬，拒絕*11.

厭倦了……*12.

吸引……

13.

確切地說(shuō)*14.

而且，此外*15.

將……與……聯(lián)系起來(lái)taketurnsbeconcernedaboutturnone’sbackonbetiredof...appealto...tobeexactwhat’smorebeassociatedwith1．defeatvt.戰(zhàn)勝，擊??；挫敗，使落空n.戰(zhàn)勝，挫??；戰(zhàn)敗，失敗ItwastheRomanswhofirstspoketheLatinlanguageandastheydefeatedthepeopleofEurope,...(教材P6原句)是羅馬人首先講拉丁語(yǔ)的，并在他們擊敗了歐洲人后，……[個(gè)性比較]

defeat,beat,windefeatdefeat和beat這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都可表示在戰(zhàn)斗中或在競(jìng)賽中“戰(zhàn)勝”敵人或?qū)κ?，常跟表示人的詞作賓語(yǔ)，此時(shí)兩個(gè)詞可以換用beatbeat詞義較廣，除表示“戰(zhàn)勝”外，還可表示“敲打”、“心跳”等，而defeat則無(wú)此義winwin作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)常跟game,argument,battle,prize,money等名詞作賓語(yǔ)，而不跟表示“人”的名詞作賓語(yǔ)[多維演練]A：選詞填空

(win,beat,defeat)①M(fèi)uchtohisdisappointment,hewasbadly

intheelection.②Whodoyouthinkwill

theelection?③You

meintherace,butI'llyouattennis.④Shecouldfeelherheart

withfear.defeatedwinbeat/defeatedbeat/defeatbeatingB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空⑤IntheALL-STARGAMEinDenverin2010,Wadehas________otherNBAstarsandgottheMVP.A．won

B．beatenC．defeat D．a(chǎn)ttacked解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。win后接比賽類事物；

beat,defeat后接對(duì)象或人；

defeat應(yīng)用defeated。答案：B2．earnvt.掙得，賺得；贏得(名譽(yù)、地位、贊揚(yáng)、尊敬等)Hiscompanymakesalotofmoneyandsoheearnsagoodsalary.(教材P7原句)他的公司賺了很多錢，因此他的薪水也很高。Graduatesearnmorethannon-graduates.(選自2010年高考北京卷·閱讀D)大學(xué)畢業(yè)生掙的錢要比非大學(xué)畢業(yè)生多。earnrespect/praisefrom...贏得……的尊重/贊譽(yù)

謀生earnmoney掙錢，賺錢earnprofit獲得利潤(rùn)earnsb.sth.給某人贏得某物earnone'sliving[多維演練]A：完成句子①我利用晚上工作，已經(jīng)掙了好多錢。Ihave

byworkingintheevenings.②他的成就使他贏得了尊敬和欽佩。Hisachievements

andadmiration.earnedalotofmoneyearnedhimrespectB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空③Youcan________respectfromothers________thatway.A.get;by

B.earn;inC.receive;of D.earn;from解析：句意：你可以用那種方法贏得他人的尊重?！摆A得尊重”用earnrespect;“用……方法”用in...way。答案：B3．determinevt.確定，決定Alotofpeoplearedeterminedtobecomeamillionaire.(教材P8原句)很多人一心想成為百萬(wàn)富翁。Determinedtodothisonmyown,Ispentseveralweeksgoingdoor-to-doorforajob,butfoundlittleresponse.(選自2011年高考安徽卷·完形)決定靠自己找一份工作，我花了幾周的時(shí)間上門找工作，但是幾乎沒(méi)有收到什么回應(yīng)。(1)determine

sth.確定某事determinetodosth.確定去做某事determinesb.

sth.使某人決定做某事determinethat...決定……(2)determinedadj.堅(jiān)決的，有決心的bedeterminedtodosth.下定決心去做某事(3)determinationn.決心，決定；確定；決斷ontodoTheydeterminedonleavingthecountry.他們決定離開(kāi)這個(gè)國(guó)家。Whatdeterminedyoutoaccepttheoffer?什么原因使你接受這項(xiàng)提議。Thecourtdeterminedthatthemanwasguiltyofdrunkendriving.法官判決那個(gè)人酒后開(kāi)車有罪。[思考?xì)w納]想一想，表示“決定/決心做某事”的短語(yǔ)有哪些？determinetodosth.;decidetodosth.;makeadecisiontodosth.;makeupone‘smindtodosth.;bedeterminedtodosth.[多維演練]A：語(yǔ)境填詞①He

hismind(下決心)tostudyabroad,sohewasburiedinbooks,

(下決心)toimprovehisEnglish.Finallyhiseffortspaidoffandhewaspleasedwiththe

(他所做的決定).Soifyou

(決心)something,beamanof

(果斷)anddoit.madeupdetermineddecisionhehadmadedecide/determinedeterminationB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空②Heis________tocatchupwithhisclassmatesafterbeingencouragedbytheheadteacher.A．devoted

B．determinedC．depressed D．delivered解析：bedevotedto...“致力于……”，其中的to是介詞，后面須跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式、代詞和名詞。depressed“情緒沮喪的”；

deliver“投遞，交付”，這兩個(gè)詞的意義與句子不相符。bedeterminedtodosth.“決心做某事”。句意：在受到班主任的鼓勵(lì)后，他決心趕上他的同學(xué)們。答案：B4．concernvt.關(guān)于，關(guān)系到，參與；使擔(dān)心n.關(guān)心，擔(dān)憂；關(guān)心的人或事Somemillionairescontinuetobeconcernedaboutmoneywhentheybecomemillionaires.(教材P8原句)有些人成為百萬(wàn)富翁后還繼續(xù)為錢煩惱。Hehasalsotraveledaroundtheworldobservingenvironmentalconcerns.(選自2011年高考安徽卷·閱讀A)他也周游世界觀察環(huán)境問(wèn)題。SuicidesfromfinancialcrisiscauseconcerninUS.在美國(guó)因金融危機(jī)導(dǎo)致的自殺引起人們的關(guān)注。(1)beconcernedabout/for關(guān)心；掛念

oneisconcerned就某人而言beconcerned

與……有關(guān)；涉及到；

參與(2)It'snoconcernofmine/yours.這不關(guān)我/你的事。asfaraswith[多維演練]A：語(yǔ)境填詞①ProfessorHuang

(關(guān)心)worldpeaceandhumanprogress.Healsomakesitclearthathisresearchworkshould

(關(guān)注)thefarmers'income.

(就他而言),toincreasethefarmers'incomeisgreaterimportancethananythingelse.isconcernedabout/forconcern/beconcernedwithAsfarasheisconcernedB：高考作文高級(jí)表達(dá)②依我看(asfarasI‘mconcerned)，自行車是解決由汽車引起的問(wèn)題的一個(gè)好方法。(2011·江西高考書(shū)面表達(dá))AsfarasI'mconcerned,bicyclesareagoodsolutiontotheproblemcausedbycars.5．a(chǎn)wareadj.知道的，意識(shí)到的“Afewyearsago，”saysCharles,“Iwasamillionaire,butIwasawaretherewerealotofhungrypeopleintheworld.”(教材P8原句)查爾斯說(shuō)：“幾年前，我曾是個(gè)百萬(wàn)富翁，但我意識(shí)到世界上還有許許多多忍饑挨餓的人?！?1)be/becomeaware

sth.知道，明白，意識(shí)到某事be/becomeawarethat...明白，意識(shí)到……(2)awarenessn.意識(shí)，覺(jué)悟of[多維演練]A：完成句子①Inconclusion,peoplearoundtheworldshould

(知道水資源短缺的真實(shí)情況)．②

(她突然意識(shí)到)someonelookingather.beawareoftherealsituationofwatershortageShesuddenlybecameawareofB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空③Mostteenagersarenot________thedangerofplayingcomputergames,whichIthinkdoesmoreharmthangoodtothem.A．wellawareto B．wellawareofC．a(chǎn)warethat D．veryawareof解析：考查短語(yǔ)beawareof的用法。bewellawareof“對(duì)……相當(dāng)清楚”。句意：很多青少年對(duì)玩電腦游戲的危害認(rèn)識(shí)不清，我認(rèn)為玩電腦游戲?qū)λ麄儊?lái)說(shuō)弊大于利。答案：B7．a(chǎn)shamedadj.羞恥的，慚愧的Sheisnotashamedtosayshehasnotgotmuchmoney.(教材P11原句)她毫無(wú)愧色地說(shuō)她沒(méi)有多少錢。Theoldbucketfeltveryashamedbecauseofitsholes.(選自2011年重慶卷·閱讀A)因?yàn)樗牧芽?，舊桶感到很慚愧。(1)beashamed

sth./sb./oneself對(duì)某事/某人自己感到羞愧beashamedtodosth.恥于做某事；因難為情而不愿

做某事beashamedthat...對(duì)……感到內(nèi)疚(2)shamen.羞愧；遺憾

one'sshame使某人感到慚愧的是It'sashamethat...真慚愧/真遺憾……(3)shamefuladj.可恥的；丟臉的shamelessadj.不知羞恥的oftoIwasdeeplyashamedofmybehaviourattheparty.我對(duì)自己在晚會(huì)上的行為深感羞愧。IamashamedtosaythatIliedtoyou.我真不好意思說(shuō)我向你撒了謊。Tomyshame,Irefusedtolistentoherexplanationofthestory.使我感到慚愧的是，我拒絕聽(tīng)她對(duì)事情的解釋。B：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空④Shefelt________ofwhatshehaddonetothepoor.A．shameful B．shameC．shameless D．a(chǎn)shamed解析：feelashamedofsth.“對(duì)某事感到羞恥”。答案：D8．a(chǎn)nnoyvt.打攪，使煩惱Ifthepersonsays“no”，

sheisannoyed.(教材P10原句)如果一個(gè)人說(shuō)“不”，那說(shuō)明她生氣了。...,butaftersomeminutestheywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.(選自2011年高考廣東卷·語(yǔ)法填空)……幾分鐘后他們走開(kāi)了坐在我的附近，看上去很惱火。(1)annoyedadj.惱怒的；氣惱的beannoyed

sb.對(duì)某人生氣beannoyedat/aboutsth.因某事生氣beannoyedby...被……惹惱beannoyedtodosth.做某事生氣beannoyedthat...因……而惱火(2)

adj.令人惱火的，令人生氣的withannoyingShewasannoyedwithTomforhisforgettingherbirthday.湯姆忘了她的生日，讓她很生氣。Iwasannoyedthathehadleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.他的不辭而別讓我很惱火。Hewasannoyedatbeingwokenupsoearly.這么早被叫醒，他很是氣憤。Hermostannoyinghabitwaseatingwithhermouthopen.她最令人討厭的習(xí)慣就是吃東西的時(shí)候張著嘴。[多維演練]A：用annoy的適當(dāng)形式填空①Pleasestopmakingthatnoise;it'sgetting

.②Jackfelt

tofindhisfriendshadleftwithouttellinghim.③Fredwasan

boy.Healways

almosteverybodyaroundhim.Peoplewereall

withhimforhisrudenessanddishonesty.annoyingannoyedannoyingannoyedannoyedB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空④What________themothermostwasheronlyson's________behaviour.A．a(chǎn)nnoyed;annoying

B．a(chǎn)nnoyed;annoyedC．a(chǎn)nnoying;annoyed D．a(chǎn)nnoying;annoying解析：句意：讓這位母親最惱火的是她獨(dú)生子的惱人的行為。annoysb.“使某人惱火”；

annoying是形容詞，意為“令人惱火的”，常修飾物。答案：A9．a(chǎn)ppealvi.吸引，引起興趣；呼吁，懇求；上訴，申訴n.上訴，申訴；吸引力Well,ifbuyingabagofcandiesorcookiesdoesn'tappealtoyou,howaboutbuyingatreeinstead？(教材P12原句)你如果對(duì)買包糖果或甜點(diǎn)不感興趣的話，買棵樹(shù)怎么樣？(1)appeal

sb.使某人喜歡；吸引某人appealto...against...不服……而上訴……appealtosb.forsth.向某人呼吁/請(qǐng)求某事appealtosb.

sth.呼吁某人做某事(2)makeanappealtosb.向某人發(fā)出呼吁，引起某

人的興趣totodo[多維演練]A：完成句子①聯(lián)合國(guó)呼吁全世界救援受災(zāi)地區(qū)的人們。TheUN

thepeopleinthedisasterareas.②湖南電視臺(tái)的“超女”節(jié)目尤其受年輕人的喜歡。Theprogramme“SuperGirls”onHunanTV

.③他請(qǐng)求朋友們支持。He

support.appealedtothewholeworldtorescueappealsespeciallytoyoungpeopleappealedtohisfriendsforB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空④(2010·安徽高考)—HowdidyoulikeNick'sperformancelastnight?—Tobehonest,hissingingdidn't________tomemuch.A．a(chǎn)ppeal B．belongC．refer D．occur解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。答語(yǔ)的意思是：老實(shí)說(shuō)，他的歌唱不太吸引我。appealto“吸引”，符合句意。belongto“屬于”；

referto“暗指，提到，查閱”；

occurto“被想起”。答案：A10．replacevt.代替，取代；放回原處Well,it'sadisktoreplaceourtextbook.(教材P17原句)其實(shí)它是一個(gè)可以代替教科書(shū)的磁盤。Mywonderfulcamerawouldveryquicklybereplacedbyanewmodel.(選自2010年高考浙江卷·閱讀E)我的好相機(jī)將很快被新款相機(jī)取代。JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtoreplacehim.約翰病了，我想知道誰(shuí)要替他。Youhavetoreplacethebooksontheshelvesbeforeyouleave.你離開(kāi)之前必須把書(shū)放回書(shū)架上。(1)replacesth.

sth.用某物替換某物(2)inplaceof＝

inone'splace代替take

of＝

takeone'splace代替with/bytheplaceYou'dbetterreplacethebrokenwindowwithanewonetocelebratetheChristmas.為了慶祝圣誕節(jié)你最好把破舊的窗戶換成新的。Plasticsmaytaketheplaceofmetalinmanyaspects.在許多方面塑料可以替代金屬。[多維演練]A：翻譯句子①?zèng)]有什么東西能取代母愛(ài)。(replace)②課堂上電腦永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)取代老師。(replace)Nothingcanreplacethemother'slove.Teacherswillneverbereplacedbycomputersintheclassroom.③他不適合(fit)這項(xiàng)工作，所以我們另雇(hire)了個(gè)人代替他。(inplaceof)Heisnotfitforthejob,thereforewe‘vehiredanewoneinplaceofhim.B：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空④(2011·安徽高考)—Whatdoyouthinkofstoreshoppinginthefuture?—Personally,Ithinkitwillexistalongwithhomeshoppingbut______.A．willneverreplace

B．wouldneverreplaceC．willneverbereplaced D．wouldneverbereplaced解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。答話人認(rèn)為商店購(gòu)物將與家庭購(gòu)物并存，但是永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)被取代。it與replace之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，再結(jié)合本句的時(shí)態(tài)

willexist可知，此處應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

答案：C1．giveaway贈(zèng)送給；泄露(秘密)；頒發(fā)；失去，錯(cuò)失Thereforehegaveawayallhismoneytocharities.(教材P8原句)因此，他把所有錢財(cái)都捐給了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)。結(jié)合下列例句，寫(xiě)出giveaway的不同意義：①Hegaveallhislandsawaytothecity.

②Shegaveawaystatesecretstotheenemy.

③Themayorgaveawaytheprizesattheschoolspeechday.④WouldtheyletShaybatandgiveawaytheirchancetowinthegame？(選自2011年高考江蘇卷·閱讀D)

贈(zèng)送給泄露頒發(fā)失去giveoff發(fā)出(光、熱、氣味等)give

分發(fā)，分配；散發(fā)；用盡；精疲力竭give

(向……)屈服/投降；(向……)提交giveup放棄givewayto撤退；讓步；讓路；讓……優(yōu)先outin(to)Hewouldratherdiethangiveintotheenemy.他寧死不屈服于敵人。Afteramonththeirfoodsuppliesgaveout.一個(gè)月以后他們的食物貯備消耗殆盡。[多維演練]A：用give的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空①Thefreshflowers

asweetfragrance.②You've

agoodchanceofsuccess.③Thedoctors

myuncle

tenyearsago,buthe'sstillalive!④Werefusedto

theirunreasonabledemands.giveoffgivenawaygaveupgivewaytoB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空⑤(2009·安徽高考)Wetriedtofindatableforseven,buttheywereall________.A．givenaway B．keptawayC．takenup D．usedup解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。giveaway“泄露(秘密)，贈(zèng)送”；

keepaway“遠(yuǎn)離……”；

takeup“舉起，拿起，占據(jù)，從事”；

useup“用完，耗盡”。句意：我們努力尋找一張能容納七個(gè)人吃飯的桌子，但是這些桌子都被占了。答案：C2．dropout退出，退學(xué)，消失，衰退CharlesGraydecidedtodropoutandhasdiscoveredthathavingonlyalittlemoneymakesyoufree.(教材P8原句)查爾斯·格雷決定退出富人圈，他發(fā)現(xiàn)只有少量的錢財(cái)可以使人自由。behindatspDon'tdropbehindtheothersonthetrailincaseyougetlost.路上別掉隊(duì)，以免迷路。Mytopbuttonhasdroppedoff.我衣服最上面的那顆扣子掉了。SomechildrenstilldropoutofschoolinthewesternareasofChinatoday.今天在中國(guó)西部地區(qū)仍有一些孩子輟學(xué)。WhenIgotoBeijingonbusiness,I'lldropinatyourhouse.當(dāng)我出差去北京時(shí)，我會(huì)順便拜訪你家的。[多維演練]A：用drop的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空①Dwyerhadto

theracebecauseofinjury.②Thepaintonthewallhas

withtimegoingon.③Themanager

theboss'officeseveraltimesaday.dropoutofdroppedoffdropsinatB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空④Luckily,I________beforethedealturnedbad,whichsavedmemuchmoney.A．droppedout

B．turnedoutC．gaveout D．gotout解析：句意：幸運(yùn)的是，在交易失敗前我退出了，這使我節(jié)約了大量的錢。dropout“退出”；

turnout“結(jié)果是”；

giveout“發(fā)布，發(fā)出”；

getout“離開(kāi)，泄露”。答案：ATherearecertainlynosignsthatCharleswasarichman!當(dāng)然沒(méi)有任何跡象表明查爾斯曾是一個(gè)富翁！(1)本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，由

that

引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，解釋說(shuō)明名詞

signs的內(nèi)容。(2)連接詞

that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，跟在某些抽象名詞如

fact,hope,desire,thought,suggestion,idea,news,problem,possibility,chance,plan等之后，對(duì)前面的名詞起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。Mr.Greenbroughtusthesurprisingnewsthattheso-calledfamousscientistwhocametogiveatalkwasinfactacheat.格林先生給我們帶來(lái)了令人吃驚的消息：來(lái)作報(bào)告的所謂的著名科學(xué)家實(shí)際上是一個(gè)騙子。TheadvicethatweshouldpractiseasmuchaswecantoimproveourEnglishisveryuseful.我們應(yīng)該盡可能多地練習(xí)以提高我們的英語(yǔ)水平的建議很有用。Shesentwordthatshewouldbelate.她捎信來(lái)說(shuō)她要晚些來(lái)。[多維演練]A：完成句子①對(duì)你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。Theywereallworriedover

youweresick.②誰(shuí)該干這項(xiàng)工作，這個(gè)問(wèn)題需要考慮。

shoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.thefactthatThequestionwho③我不知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。Ihaveno

hewillcomeback.④杰克得知了整個(gè)村子都處在極度危險(xiǎn)中的消息。Jackgottoknow

thewholevillagewasingreatdanger.ideawhenthenewsthatB：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空⑤—Allthebuildingmaterialshavebeenwashedaway.—SoIhaveheard.Buttherewasnosign________aheavyrainwasonthewaylastnight.A．when B.ifC.which D.that解析：句意：“所有的建筑材料都被沖走了?！薄拔衣?tīng)說(shuō)了。但是昨天夜里并沒(méi)有要下暴雨的跡象?！盿heavyrainwasonthewaylastnight作sign的同位語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)從句中不缺任何成分，故用that作引導(dǎo)詞。答案：D本單元中還有以下知識(shí)點(diǎn)需要特別關(guān)注。1．pleasedadj.高興的，滿意的bepleasedtodosth.

很高興做……bepleasedwith... 對(duì)……滿意pleasevt.&vi. (使……)高興，(使……)滿意pleasuren. 愉快，高興(It's)mypleasure 別客氣，非常高興為您服務(wù)withpleasure 愉快地，樂(lè)意地pleasantadj. 令人愉快的2．commentv．&n.評(píng)論commenton... 對(duì)……評(píng)論nocomment 無(wú)可奉告makecommentson 對(duì)……做評(píng)論3．a(chǎn)musementn．樂(lè)趣，娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)amusesb./oneself 使……高興beamusedat/by 被……逗樂(lè)4．containvt.包含，含有Ricecontainsproteinandfat.大米含蛋白質(zhì)和脂肪。5．removevt.移走，挪走；開(kāi)除removesth.from... 把……從……移開(kāi)6．focusvt.&vi.(使)集中(使)聚焦n.焦點(diǎn)focuson 集中于……focusone'smind/attention/eyeson...集中某人的心思/注意力/目光于……不定代詞與不定式1．(2011·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Igotthisbicyclefor______：

Myfriendgaveittomewhensheboughtanewone.A．everything B．somethingC．a(chǎn)nything D．nothing解析：考查不定代詞。根據(jù)“Myfriendgaveittome”可知，我免費(fèi)得到了這輛自行車，因此用nothing,fornothing表示“免費(fèi)；不花錢”。答案：D2．(2012·東城檢測(cè)一)Anotherprimaryschoolisreported________forchildreninWenchuannow.A．tohavebeenbuilt B．tohavebuiltC．beingbuilt D．tobebuilding解析：句意：據(jù)報(bào)道現(xiàn)在又給汶川的孩子們建了另外一所小學(xué)。此句是“It'sreportedthatanotherprimaryschoolhasbeenbuiltforchildrenin