長(zhǎng)句翻譯課外作業(yè)

第9講長(zhǎng)句翻譯課外作業(yè)

（個(gè)人周作業(yè)）經(jīng)貿(mào)B22,B2May27，20131Thisapproachisnotsuitabletothesecountrieswhichhavetoestablishlawandorderbeforetheireconomiescantakeoff.2.TheCongresshasmadelawsrequiringmostpressuregroupstogiveinformationabouthowmuchtheyspendandhowtheyspendit,theamountandsourcesoffund,membership,andnamesandsalariesoftheirrepresentatives.

23.Weregretwecannotavailourselvesof（利用：尤指機(jī)會(huì)、提議等）yourofferofthesegoods,becausewehavealreadytriedsuchgoods,andhaddiscontinuedthemthroughthecomplaintsofourcustomers.4.Themixtureofoilsofwhichitiscomposedmustbeseparatedoutintoanumberofproductssuchaspetrol,aviationspirit,kerosene,dieseloilsandlubricants,allofwhichhavespecialpurposes.

35.Thedocumentarycreditoffersauniqueanduniversallyusedmethodofachievingacommerciallyacceptablecompromisebyprovidingforpaymenttobemadeagainstdocumentsthatrepresentthegoodsandmakepossiblethetransferofrightstothosegoods.4參考譯文及譯文點(diǎn)評(píng)51.Thisapproachisnotsuitabletothesecountrieswhichhavetoestablishlawandorderbeforetheireconomiescantakeoff.這個(gè)方法不適應(yīng)這些國(guó)家，因?yàn)樗鼈儽仨毾冉⒎ㄖ?，?jīng)濟(jì)才能騰飛。62.TheCongresshasmadelawsrequiringmostpressuregroupstogiveinformationabouthowmuchtheyspendandhowtheyspendit,theamountandsourcesoffund,membership,andnamesandsalariesoftheirrepresentatives..

國(guó)會(huì)已制定法律，要求大部分壓力集團(tuán)呈報(bào)他們花費(fèi)了多少錢，怎樣花的，以及款項(xiàng)的總額和來源、成員人數(shù)、代表的姓名和薪金等情況。

73.Weregretwecannotavailourselvesof（利用：尤指機(jī)會(huì)、提議等）yourofferofthesegoods,becausewehavealreadytriedsuchgoods,andhaddiscontinuedthemthroughthecomplaintsofourcustomers.譯文：我們?cè)鴮?duì)此類商品進(jìn)行過試銷,因顧客反映不良而停止,所以無法考慮貴方對(duì)該商品的報(bào)價(jià),對(duì)此我們深表遺撼。8

4.Themixtureofoils

ofwhichitiscomposed

mustbeseparatedoutintoanumberofproductssuchaspetrol,aviationspirit,kerosene,dieseloilsandlubricants,allofwhichhavespecialpurposes.本句的核心結(jié)構(gòu)：Themixtureofoils…mustbeseparatedoutintoanumberofproducts；ofwhichitiscomposed為定語從句，修飾oils；allofwhichhavespecialpurposes為非限定性定語從句，用來說明以上產(chǎn)品。譯文：組成石油的油質(zhì)混合物必須分離成為一系列的石油產(chǎn)品：汽油、航空汽油、煤油、柴油及潤(rùn)滑油。所以這些產(chǎn)品都有其特殊用處。95.Thedocumentarycreditoffersauniqueanduniversallyusedmethodofachievingacommerciallyacceptablecompromisebyprovidingforpaymenttobemadeagainstdocumentsthatrepresentthegoodsandmakepossiblethetransferofrightstothosegoods.譯文：跟單信用證提供了一種獨(dú)特的、全世界都采用的方法，即憑代表貨物的單據(jù)付款，從而使貨權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)移成為可能。這是一種商業(yè)上可以接受的折衷方式。析：原文是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，譯文變成了兩個(gè)句子。譯文將動(dòng)名詞短語“achievingacommerciallyacceptablecompromise”抽出來另成一句是為了更加符合漢語的表達(dá)和漢語的邏輯順序。10英漢長(zhǎng)句互譯擴(kuò)展研修11

TheCovenantorherebyundertakestoprocurethattheCustomerwillcomplywithalltheCustomer'sobligationstoyou,thebeneficiariesofthisdeed,(jointlyandseverally)butshouldtheCustomerdefaultinthepaymentwhendueofanypaymentordefaultincomplyingwithanyotherobligation,theCovenantorwill,withouttheneedforanydemand,makeimmediatepaymentorperformancethereofasthecasemaybe,attheplace,inthefundsandcurrencyand/orinthemannerrequiredoftheCustomerandwithoutanywithholdingordeductionwhatsoeverPROVIDEDALWAYSHOWEVERthatnotimeforlimitationofliabilityinrespectofthisDeedshallbegintoruninfavouroftheCovenantorunlessanduntiloneorbothofyoushallhavemadedemandontheCovenantor,andifmorethanonedemandismade,thenonlyfromthedateandtotheextentofeachdemandrespectively.

一、英→漢12這是典型的一段一句的合約句式。通過句法分析，可使譯者一目了然其句子構(gòu)造及各成分間的相互關(guān)系：主句為“Covenantorundertakestoprocurethat”，其后帶有兩個(gè)賓從：1）"customerwillcomplywithobligation"﹔2）“butCovenantorwillmake...payment”經(jīng)由but作語氣轉(zhuǎn)折后的第二個(gè)賓語從句帶有三個(gè)條件狀語從句：1)“shouldcustomerdefaultinthepayment…ordefaultincomplyingwithobligation”；2)“PROVIDEDALWAYSHOWEVERthatnotimeshallbegintoruninfavorof...theCovenantor”；以及3)timeforlimitation…shallbegintorun…fromthedateandtotheextentofeachdemandrespectively。條件狀語從句2)本身帶有另一個(gè)讓步及時(shí)間狀語從句"unlessanduntilyouhavemadedemandontheCovenantor"﹔條件狀語從句3)也帶有一個(gè)條件狀語從句“ifmorethanonedemandismade”。由“PROVIDED…that”引導(dǎo)出的這一狀語從句中主語是“timeforlimitation”是主語，謂語是“shallnotbegintorun”?！皌ime”之前的“no”之所以放在句首是為了構(gòu)成法律句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。條件狀語從句3）根據(jù)句法結(jié)構(gòu)省去了"timeforlimitationofliabilityshallbegintorun"。完整的句子應(yīng)該如此﹕"ifmorethanonedemandismade,thentimeforlimitationofliabilityshallbegintorunonlyfromthedateandtotheextentofeachdemandrespectively"。13譯文：訂約人茲承諾：保證客戶將履行其對(duì)貴方──即本契約之共同或單獨(dú)受益人──應(yīng)盡之所有義務(wù)，但是如果客戶未支付任何到期的款項(xiàng)或未能履行任何其他義務(wù)，訂約人將在無需要求的情況下﹐在對(duì)客戶指定的地點(diǎn)﹑以所要求的款額及貨幣形式及/或付款方式﹐立即作出支付或履行本契約的義務(wù)（根據(jù)具體情況而定）。所付款額不得有任何扣留和減少；不過，除非貴方之一方或雙方對(duì)訂約人提出要求或在該要求提出之前，有關(guān)本契約之責(zé)任時(shí)限任何時(shí)候都不得按有利于訂約人一方的方式開始計(jì)算；如果貴方對(duì)訂約人提出一項(xiàng)以上的要求，則按每項(xiàng)要求中提出的日期及具體狀況分別計(jì)算責(zé)任時(shí)限。14討論及小結(jié)：對(duì)這類高度復(fù)雜的合約句子，只有進(jìn)行徹底分析，勾勒出這樣脈絡(luò)分明﹑一目了然的“句藤圖”，才有可能使我們譯出正確無誤的譯文。一般句子在翻譯過程中毋需進(jìn)行這類分析，通常憑譯者直覺便可下筆。而對(duì)付這類復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)句，則非要采取類似措施不可。如果譯者連句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)﹑成分都弄不清楚，即使譯對(duì)了，那也只能是“瞎貓碰到死老鼠”，是一種盲目的實(shí)踐，而且通常所費(fèi)的時(shí)間更多。當(dāng)然，語法分析不必過細(xì),不需要把每一個(gè)詞/短語在句子中的語法作用都作透徹分析，因?yàn)檫@樣做不符合現(xiàn)代商業(yè)翻譯的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益原則；翻譯作業(yè)也不是語法研究，語法分析只要達(dá)到能有效解決翻譯問題的目的，便已大功告成。15今年，隨著世界經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的緩慢增長(zhǎng)，一些主要進(jìn)口國(guó)對(duì)機(jī)電產(chǎn)品需求仍將繼續(xù)增加，國(guó)際市場(chǎng)容量進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大，再加上日元、西德馬克、臺(tái)幣、南朝鮮元的升值，美元未來走勢(shì)仍將疲軟，部分出口導(dǎo)向型國(guó)家，將通過擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，其產(chǎn)品正向中高檔方向傾斜，工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和新興工業(yè)化國(guó)家和地區(qū)勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)品向外轉(zhuǎn)移的勢(shì)頭仍在發(fā)展，國(guó)際市場(chǎng)環(huán)境有利于我國(guó)機(jī)電產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入國(guó)際市場(chǎng)，今年春交會(huì)上我們將充分利用這一有利時(shí)機(jī)，采取多種靈活貿(mào)易方式，廣泛接觸并歡迎海外各屆參加交易會(huì)的朋友來我團(tuán)洽談貿(mào)易和合作。二、漢→英16譯文：(1)Thisyear,despitetheslowgrowthoftheworldeconomy,thedemandformachineryandelectricalproductsontheworldmarketwillstillincrease.(2)Moreover,theappreciationofJapaneseyen,Deutschmark,NewTaiwanesedollarandSouthKoreanwon,andthepossibleweakeningoftheUSdollarwillcompelsomeexport-orientedcountriestoadjusttheirindustrialstructures.