商務英語翻譯Unit 5 Economy

Unit5Economy

--TranslationPracticeC-E改革開放30年以來，中國的國民經(jīng)濟保持了穩(wěn)定快速增長。國民生產(chǎn)總值年均增長9.3%，比改革開放前30年的年均增長速度高3.2個百分點。與上個世紀90年代世界經(jīng)濟2.5%的增長速度相比，顯得更加突出。中國的經(jīng)濟實力明顯增強。2008年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值超過13萬億元，比1990年增長近兩倍，排名世界第三，發(fā)展中國家第一。Duringthelast30yearsofreformandopeningtotheglobalmarkets,China’snationaleconomyhasmaintainedasteadyandrapidgrowth.GDPincreasedby9.7percentonanannualbasis,whichis3.2%higherthantheaverageannualgrowthrateinthe30yearspriortoreform.Thegrowthrateismoreoutstandingwhencomparedwithglobaleconomicgrowthofonly2.5%inthe1990s.China’seconomicstrengthhasincreasedsignificantly.In2008,GDPtotaledover13,000billionYuan,upnearly200%since1990,rankingfirstamongdevelopingcountriesandthirdworldwide.VocabularyPreparation國民經(jīng)濟改革開放穩(wěn)定快速增長國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長速度在……前經(jīng)濟實力排名世界第三躍居世界首位nationaleconomyreformandopeningsteadyandrapidgrowthGDP(grossdomesticproduct)averageannualgrowthratepriortoeconomicstrengthrankthirdworldwidecomefirstintheworld外匯儲備1989年只有55.5億美元，2008年底已增加到1.95萬億美元，躍居世界第一位。糧食儲備創(chuàng)歷史最高水平。經(jīng)濟運行的質(zhì)量和效益不斷提高。企業(yè)進行了全面的技術改造。2008年每萬元國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值消耗的能源比1990年下降73.3%。今年已有35家大公司進入世界500強。教育事業(yè)得到前所未有的發(fā)展，國民素質(zhì)普遍提高。財政收入大幅度增加，2008年達到61316.9億元。VocabularyPreparation外匯儲備糧食儲備創(chuàng)歷史最高紀錄經(jīng)濟運行效益全面的技術改革世界500強教育事業(yè)前所未有的國民素質(zhì)財政收入大幅度地foreignexchangereservesgrainreserveshitanall-timehigheconomicperformanceefficiencyall-aroundtechnologicalrenovationtheranksofglobaltop500educationalundertakingunprecedentedpeople’squalityfinancialrevenueconsiderablyChina’sforeignexchangereservesssoaredfromUS$5.55billionin1989toUS$1950billionbytheendof2008,rankingfirstworldwide.Grainreservesalsohitanall-timehigh.Thequalityandefficiencyofeconomicperformancehaveimprovedsteadily.Chineseenterpriseshaveundertakencompletetechnologicalrenovation.From1990to2008,theenergyconsumptionfor10,000YuanworthofGDPdroppedby73.3%.35large-scaledChinesecompanieshaveenteredtheranksoftheglobaltop500thisyear.Witharenewedfocusoneducationandunprecedenteddevelopmentoftheeducationalsystem,Chinesepeople’qualityhasimproveddramatically.Revenuehasalsogainedsharpincreases,reaching6131.69billionYuanin2008.VocabularyPreparationbudget預算deficit虧損，赤字budgetdeficit預算赤字，財政赤字tradedeficit貿(mào)易逆差

surplus盈余currency通貨，貨幣

illustrate表明，說明perceive察覺，領會erode侵蝕，腐蝕purchasingpower購買力utilization利用robust強健的，強壯的E-CEconomicconditionsincludethefollowingaspects:1)Governmentbudgetdeficitsorsurpluses.Themarketusuallyreactsnegativelytowideninggovernmentbudgetdeficits,andpositivelytonarrowingbudgetdeficits.Theimpactisreflectedinthevalueofcountry’shomecurrency.經(jīng)濟狀況包括以下幾個方面：（1）政府財政赤字或盈余。市場通常都會對政府赤字擴大做出負面的反應，而對預算赤字縮小做出積極的反應。這些反應往往會通過國內(nèi)貨幣價值顯現(xiàn)出來。2)Balanceoftradelevelandtrends.Thetradeflowbetweencountriesillustratesthedemandforgoodsandservices,whichinturnindicatesdemandforacountry’shomecurrencytoconducttrade.Surplusesanddeficitsintradeofgoodsandservicesreflectthecompetitivenessofanation’seconomy.Therefore,tradedeficitsmayhaveanegativeimpactonanation’shomecurrency.（2）貿(mào)易水平的平衡和趨勢。國家間的貿(mào)易流動不僅能顯示各國對商品和服務的需求，而且也能顯示進行貿(mào)易所需的貨幣的供應。商品和服務貿(mào)易中的盈余或赤字反映的是一個國家經(jīng)濟的競爭力。因此，貿(mào)易赤字會對一國貨幣造成負面影響。3)Inflationlevelsandtrends.Typically,acurrencywilllosevalueifthereisahighlevelofinflationinthecountryorifinflationlevelsareperceivedtoberising.Thisisbecauseinflationerodespurchasingpower,thisdemand,forthatparticularcurrency.（3）通貨膨脹的水平和趨勢。如果一個國家的通貨膨脹水平較高或者人們認為該國的通貨膨脹水平會持續(xù)增高，則該國的貨幣就會貶值。其原因是通貨膨脹會削弱該國貨幣的購買力和對該貨幣的需求。4)Economicgrowthandhealth.ReportssuchasGDP,employmentlevels,retailsales,capacityutilizationandothers,detailthelevelsofacountry’seconomicgrowthandhealth.Generally,themor