東西方音樂差異性講義

musicbetweenChinaandtheWest

1.ThemainfeaturesofChinesemusicandwesternmusic3.Chinesemusicalinstruments4.Westernmusicalinstruments5.RecitalForms2.Thedevelopmentofmusic

anditstypes

ThemainfeaturesofChinesemusicTheaccentmusichasn’tbeenhandeddownMaterialsoffolkmusicarevariedContemporarymusicsystemisnotcompleteWithnationalmusicprimarily

ThemainfeaturesofwesternmusicWithEuropeanmusicprimarilyHasperfectmusictheoryintheveryearlytimeThewesternmusicisgenerallyacceptedintheworldSyllablecomparisonbetweenChinaandWestwesternmusicVSChinesemusic1.BaroqueMusic(1600—1750)2.Classicalmusic(1750—1820)3.Romanticmusic(1820—1910)4.Folkmusic5.Impressionisticmusic

Westernmusic

BaroqueMusic

Baroquemusicischaracterizedbytheuseofcomplextonalcounterpointandtheuseofabassocontinuo,acontinuousbassline.DuringtheBaroqueera,keyboardmusicplayedontheharpsichordandpipeorganbecameincreasinglypopular,andtheviolinfamilyofstringedinstrumentstooktheformgenerallyseentoday.

Classicalmusic

Haydn

BeethovenTheClassicalperiod,fromabout1750to1820,establishedmanyofthenormsofcomposition,presentation,andstyle,andwasalsowhenthepianobecamethepredominantkeyboardinstrument.WindinstrumentsbecamemorerefinedintheClassicalperiodMozart

RomanticmusicThemusicoftheRomanticerawascharacterizedbyincreasedattentiontoanextendedmelodicline,aswellasexpressiveandemotionalelements,parallelingromanticisminotherartforms.Themusicbecamemorechromatic,dissonant,andtonallycolorful,withtensionsaboutkeysignaturesincreasing.ThegreatmastersofRomanticmusic

LisztBerliozSchubertChopinFolkmusicmusiccreatedbymusicianswhoarecommonlynotclassicallytrained,oftenfromapurelyoraltraditionImpressionisticmusicmainlyinFrancefocusesonasuggestionandanatmosphereratherthanonastrongemotionorthedepictionofastoryasinprogrammusicuseshortformssuchasnocturne,arabesqueandpreludeChinesemusicThedivisionofitsdevelopment1.Theancientmusicperiod2.Kabukileperiod3.OperaperiodChinesenationalmusic

ChinesefolksongsWorksongFolksongDittyChinesefolkdancesYangkoSong-and-danceduetTea-pickingoperaFlowerDrumSongMinoritynationalsonganddance

FolkmusicChinesefolkmusiccanbedatedbackto7000yearsago.SizhuensemblesuseflutesandbowedorpluckedstringinstrumentstomakeharmoniousandmelodiousmusicthathasbecomepopularintheWestamongsomelisteners.OneofthemostpopularfolksongsofChinaisMoLiHua(BeautifulJasmine).EthnicHanmusicconsistsofheterophonicmusic,inwhichthemusiciansplayversionsofasinglemelodicline.Percussionaccompaniesmostmusic,dance,talks,andopera.EthnicHanmusicChineseoperaChineseoperahasbeenhugelypopularforcenturies,especiallytheBeijingopera.Themusicisoftengutturalwithhigh-pitchedvocals,usuallyaccompaniedbysuona,jinghu,otherkindsofstringinstruments,andpercussion.ChinesemusicalinstrumentWindInstrument吹管樂器PluckedStringInstrument彈撥樂器StringInstrument拉弦樂器PercussionInstrument打擊樂器1.WindInstrumentSuona/Shanai嗩吶Di/ChineseBambooFlute笛Sheng笙Xiao/ChineseVerticalBambooFlute蕭xun塤

ThexunisaChineseocarinamadeofclayorceramic.ItisoneoftheoldestChineseinstruments.

Ruan/MoonGuitar阮Liuqin柳琴Guzheng/ChineseZither古箏Pipa/ChineseLute琵琶Yangqin揚(yáng)琴Sanxian三弦2.PluckedStringInstrumentTheguzheng

isatraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.Itbelongstothezither(Amusicalstringedinstrumentwithstringsstretchoveraflatsoundingbox;playedwithaplectrumandwithfingers.)familyofstringinstruments.Banhu板胡ChingHu京胡Gehu革胡Nanhu/Erhu/ChineseFiddle南胡/二胡Zhonghu中胡……..3.StringInstrumentTheerhusometimesisknownintheWestasthe"Chineseviolin"orChinesetwostringfiddle,isatwo-stringedbowedmusicalinstrument,usedasasoloinstrumentaswellasinsmallensemblesandlargeorchestras.Luo/ChineseGong鑼ChineseWoodBlock木魚ChineseBassGong低音大鑼ChineseCymbal鈸Slapstick拍板Paigu排鼓ChineseBaseDrum大鼓Yunluo云鑼ChineseSnareDrum小鼓Bangu板鼓4.PercussionInstrumentWesternmusicalinstrumentsStringedinstrument弦樂器Woodwindinstruments木管樂器Brass銅管樂器Keyboardinstrument鍵盤樂器Percussioninstruments打擊樂器oboe雙簧管

Aslenderwoodwindinstrumentwithaconicalboreandadoublereedmouthpiece,havingarangeofthreeoctavesandapenetrating,poignantsound.帶有一個(gè)圓錐形孔和雙簧管吹口的細(xì)小的木管樂器，具有三個(gè)八度音域和穿透力強(qiáng)而尖利的聲音。

Violin小提琴

Astringedinstrumentplayedwithabow,havingfourstringstunedatintervalsofafifth,anunfrettedfingerboard,andashallowerbodythantheviolandcapableofgreatflexibilityinrange,tone,anddynamics.用弓演奏的一種弦樂器，具有在第五音的音程上調(diào)音的四根弦和不分格指板，形體較古提琴淺，音域、音色和強(qiáng)弱相當(dāng)靈敏。

trumpet小號

Asopranobrasswindinstrumentconsistingofalongmetaltubeloopedonceandendinginaflaredbell,themoderntypebeingequippedwiththreevalvesforproducingvariationsinpitch.一種高音銅管樂器，由一根從前為環(huán)狀的金屬管和呈喇叭口得末端構(gòu)成，現(xiàn)代小號上裝有三個(gè)活瓣以制造不同的音高。

GuitarAninstrumenthavingalarge,flat-backedsoundboxsimilarinshapetoaviolin,alongfrettedneck,andusuallysixstrings,playedbystrummingorplucking.一種具有大而平的音像的樂器，形態(tài)與小提琴相像，琴頸長，通常有六根弦，為彈撥樂器。Piano鋼琴Aninstrumentwithamanualkeyboardactuatinghammersthatstrikewirestrings,producingsoundsthatmaybesoftenedorsustainedbymeansofpedals.一種用于操作鍵盤驅(qū)動(dòng)打擊鋼絲線產(chǎn)生聲音，可以通過踏的方式調(diào)清聲音或使之持續(xù)不斷。TheformofpreformanceWestEastEast

Theformofeasternmusicalperformancecanbedividedintothreetypes:solo,accompanimentandensemble.

Assameastheeasternmusicalperformance,thewesternmusicalperformancealsocanbeplayedinsolo,accompanimentandensemble.Buttheirinstrumentsaremorerefinedthantheeastern.Mostofthemareelectronicequipment.

WestTheDifferenceInArtisticConception意境Fortheeasternmusicalperformance,itpursuestheimplication,whichisemotionalbutnothysterical.Itsniceartisticconceptioncanleaveabroadspacefor

appreciatortoimage.However,thewesternmusicalperformancepaymoreattentiontoexpresstheiremotionwithcadence.Ithasclimax,alsocombinethegloominess.ShanghaiNationalMusicOrchestraShanghainationalmusicalOrchestrawasestablishedin1952,whichisthefirstlargeorchestra.Ithasabigbandwitheightyperformersandthree

groupofcomposer,conductorandsoloist.Ithasawardedmanyprizes,suchasinthe“Shanghaispring”and“ShanghaiArtFestival”.CentralEthnicOrchestraTheCentralEthnicOrchestraisthemosttraditionalandclassicalnationalbandinChina.Itconsistsofahugeorchestraandchorusofethniccomposition,aswellasanumberofoutstandingartists.ViennaPhilharmonicOrchestraViennaPhilharmonicOrchestraisthemostfamousclassicalsymphonyorchestraintheworld.Itwasestablishedin1842anditspureGermanicstyleanddelicatesoundattracttheaudiencesallovertheworld,what’smore,itwasobsessedbythegenerationsofoutstandingcomposer,conductorandperformers.westernmusicVSChinesemusic1.BaroqueMusic

(1600—1750)2.Classicalmusic

(1750—1820)3.Romanticmusic

(1820—1910)4.Folkmusic

5.Impressionisticmusic

Westernmusic

BaroqueMusic

Baroquemusicischaracterizedbytheuseofcomplextonalcounterpointandtheuseofabassocontinuo,acontinuousbassline.DuringtheBaroqueera,keyboardmusicplayedontheharpsichordandpipeorganbecameincreasinglypopular,andtheviolinfamilyofstringedinstrumentstooktheformgenerallyseentoday.Thetheoriessurroundingequaltemperamentbegantobeputinwiderpractice,especiallyasitenabledawiderrangeofchromaticpossibilitiesinhard-to-tunekeyboardinstruments.

Classicalmusic

Haydn

BeethovenTheClassicalperiod,fromabout1750to1820,establishedmanyofthenormsofcomposition,presentation,andstyle,andwasalsowhenthepianobecamethepredominantkeyboardinstrument.WindinstrumentsbecamemorerefinedintheClassicalperiodMozart

RomanticmusicThemusicoftheRomanticerawascharacterizedbyincreasedattentiontoanextendedmelodicline,aswellasexpressiveandemotionalelements,parallelingromanticisminotherartforms.Themusicbecamemorechromatic,dissonant,andtonallycolorful,withtensionsaboutkeysignaturesincreasing.ThegreatmastersofRomanticmusic

LisztBerliozSchubertChopinFolkmusicmusiccreatedbymusicianswhoarecommonlynotclassicallytrained,oftenfromapurelyoraltraditionImpressionisticmusicmainlyinFrancefocusesonasuggestionandanatmosphereratherthanonastrongemotionorthedepictionofastoryasinprogrammusicuseshortformssuchasnocturne,arabesqueandpreludeChinesemusicThedivisionofitsdevelopment1.Theancientmusicperiod2.Kabukileperiod3.OperaperiodChinesenationalmusic

ChinesefolksongsWorksongFolksongDittyChinesefolkdancesYangkoSong-and-danceduetTea-pickingoperaFlowerDrumSongMinoritynationalsonganddance

FolkmusicChin