初中英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞專項(xiàng)

數(shù)詞講解專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1數(shù)詞的講解一、定義：表示數(shù)目或順序二、分類：分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩種。表示數(shù)目或數(shù)量多少的詞叫基數(shù)詞；表示數(shù)目順序的詞叫序數(shù)詞。三、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成：1）1-12的基數(shù)詞是獨(dú)立的單詞，即：one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve。2）13-19的基數(shù)詞以-teen結(jié)尾。如：fourteen，seventeen等，但13，15，18較特殊，13—thirteen,-fifteen,48eighteen。3）20-90的整十位均以-ty結(jié)尾。如：sixty，ninety，但20，30，40，50，80較特殊，20—twenty,3—thirty,—forty,5—fifty,—eighty。4）十位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間要加連字符號(hào)"-"，如：28-twenty-eight，96-ninety-six,5）百位和十位（若無(wú)十位則和個(gè)位）之間加and，如：148—onehundredandforty-eight406—fourhundredandsix6）hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百萬(wàn)），billion（十億）等前面即使有具體的數(shù)詞，several,some,many也不能在它們的后面加-s。如：sixhundredeightmillion如果表示不確定數(shù)目時(shí)，用hundredsof/thousandsof/millionsof/billionS］復(fù)f+數(shù)，前面不能再加數(shù)字。1000以上的數(shù)字，從后往前數(shù)每三位加一個(gè)逗號(hào)〃，“第一個(gè)逗號(hào)前為千（thousand），第二個(gè)逗號(hào)前為百萬(wàn)（million）,第三個(gè)逗號(hào)前為billion（十億）。英語(yǔ)中無(wú)“萬(wàn)”這個(gè)詞，我們可以用“幾十個(gè)千（thousand）”表示幾萬(wàn)，“幾百個(gè)千（thousand）”表示"幾十萬(wàn)”。如：2,510—twothousandfivehundredandten296—eighty-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-six350—twohundredandseventy-fourthousandthreehundredandfifty四、序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成：1）序數(shù)詞一般是以與之相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞尾加-th構(gòu)成，如：fourth,tent但以下的這些基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí)，有特別之處。One—first,t-second,three-third,f—fifth,ni-ninth,twelve-twelfth以—ty結(jié)尾的單詞，要先變y為i,在加-eth.。如：thirt--thirtieth,—fiftieth3）以one,two,thre等結(jié)尾的多位數(shù)詞，要將個(gè)位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞。如：twenty-one—twenty-first,onehundredand—enehundredandfirst注意：序數(shù)詞前常用定冠詞，有時(shí)還可以用不定冠詞a/an則表示〃又一〃的意思。（沒(méi)有具體范圍的限制）如：Mr.Brownhasasecondcar.布朗先生另外還有一輛車。Hehastriedasecondtime他又嘗試了一次。五、數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用1）時(shí)刻的表示:小時(shí)、點(diǎn)鐘、分鐘、秒鐘要用基數(shù)詞。①“幾點(diǎn)鐘”用基數(shù)詞加o'clockoo'clock可省略。如:5點(diǎn)鐘-five（o'cloc②'幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分”，030分鐘”用介詞past。如：7:15-fifteen/aquarterpastseven-7:B0lfpastseven③“差幾分幾點(diǎn)”用介詞〃to〃。如：7:40-twentytoeight7—5fifteen/aquartertoeight④日常生活中的時(shí)間讀法常常簡(jiǎn)化，直接按基數(shù)詞的順序讀。如：7:05-sevenofive7:-5sevenfifteen2）年月日的表示：①年份用基數(shù)詞，如：1999年一nineteenninety-nine19年一nineteenhundred2000年一twothousand1905年一nineteenofive;②年用基數(shù)詞，日用序數(shù)詞。如：1998年6月8日寫作:June8,1998讀作:Junetheeighth,nineteenninety-eighttheeighthofJune,nineteenninety-eight3）世紀(jì)、年代表示法，如：（在）90年代（in）thenineti在）（19世紀(jì)（in）thenineteenthcentury在）18世紀(jì)30年代（in）the1730或inthe1730's4）編號(hào)的表示：基數(shù)詞放到名詞的后邊，該名詞一般要大寫;序數(shù)詞放到名詞的前面，加定冠詞。Lesson1/thefirstles第一課Row3/thethirdro第三排BusNo.3=theNo.3bus瑤公共汽車。③表示住所時(shí)不用No.如:Room302讀作:roomthreeotwo30房間。④如果編號(hào)的數(shù)詞比較長(zhǎng)，一般用基數(shù)詞。如:Page457第457頁(yè)。⑤電話號(hào)碼，用基數(shù)詞，如：3855633-threeeightdoublefivesixdouble°three5）分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞，分子大于〃1〃分母則加〃s"。如：1/3onethird2/3twothirds1/2a/onehalf1/4onefourth/onequarter3/4threefourth或threequarters6）表示有小數(shù)的詞用基數(shù)詞，如：5.5fivepointfive12.135twelvepointonethreefive7）表示百分?jǐn)?shù)，如：5%:fivepercent0.8%zeropointeightpercent注意:分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)與主謂一致當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：EightypercentofthestudentsinourschoolcomefromHenan.我們學(xué)校百分之八十的學(xué)生來(lái)自河南。ThreefourthsofthestudentsinmyclassareinterestedinEnglish.我們班四分之三的學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)感興趣。Twothirdsofthewaterontheearthisseawater.地球上三分之二的水是海水。8)其他用法，如：①基數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞+形容詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞。如：afive-year-oldboy*個(gè)五歲的男孩an800-metre-longbridge^座800米長(zhǎng)的橋girls1400-metrerelayrac女子400米接力②具體數(shù)詞+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long/high/tall/dBep如:awayTheChangjiangRiveris6,300kilometres長(zhǎng)n江長(zhǎng)6300公里。③表示“幾十歲”用基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：inhis砧行士在他三十幾歲時(shí)④倍數(shù)的表達(dá):一倍用once，兩倍用twice兩倍以上用基數(shù)詞+times。如：fivetimes5倍補(bǔ)充:倍數(shù)的表示法：.表示“幾倍大小(長(zhǎng)短數(shù)量)"由"倍數(shù)+thesize(length,amountwidthageheight.)+of”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Theearthisforth-ninetimesthesizeofthe地^球的大小是月亮的四十九倍。.表示“??比,，“大幾倍”，由“倍數(shù)+形容詞副詞)比較級(jí)+than被比較部分”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Thisboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.這個(gè)箱子比那個(gè)箱子大三倍。 這個(gè)箱子是那個(gè)箱子的四倍。)數(shù)詞練習(xí)()1.Everyyear,peoplegotovisittheirfactoryA.athousandofBthousandsC.thousandD.fthousandsof()2.Tomhasjustfinishedwritingaarticle.A.nine-hundred-wordsB.nine-hundreds-wordC.nine-hundred-wordD.nine-hundreds-words()3.peoplelosttheirhomesinJapan’searthquake.A.TwothousandsB.ThousandC.ThousandsofD.Thousandof()4.Lastyear,IvisitedachemicalfactoryinBaise,thereareaboutworkersinit.A.sixthousandsBsixthousandC.sixthousandsofD.sixthousandof()5.Aboutofthestudentsinourclasswereborninthe.A.two-thirds,199cB.two-thirds,1990C.two-third,1990sD.two-third,1990()6.Nowadays ofbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish.A.twothirdItwothirdC.twothreeC.secondthree()7-Ifa=4,b=5,what’stheanswertothequestion"a+2ab+1=?”^—A.Forty-fifthForty-fiveC.Twenty-threeD.Onehundredandtwenty-one()8-Howoftendoyouexercise?一aweek.A.TwoB.TwiceC.SecondD.Three()9.Theteachersaidthat__oftheboyswouldtakepartinthetalentshow.A.threefiveB.threefivesC.thirdsthreeisfifths()10.Tomorrowistheboybirthday.A.seventhB.sevenC.seventeenD.aseventh()1-Whichisthebiggestnumberofthefour?.A.One-thirdBTwo-thirdsC.AhalfD.Aquarter()12-Excuseme,wherecanIbuyajacket?-YoucangototheMen,sWearSectiononthefloor.A.twoB.twiceCsecondD.three()13.ofthelandiscoveredwithtreesandgrassinPingjiang,Yueyang.A.ThreefivesB.hreefifthsC.ThreefifthD.Threesfifth()14.Septemberismonthoftheyear.A.ninthB.nineC.theninthe).ninth()1-Howwasyourdayoffyesterday?—Perfect!Itwasmygrandma’sbirthday.Wehadabigcake.A.eightyBeightiethC.theeightiethD.theeightieth()16—Excuseme,howcanIgettothemuseum?—Sorry.It,smytimetobehere.A.oneB.firsC.onceD.two()17.Youcanseeifyougooutatnight.A.millionstarsB.thousandofstarsC.hundredsstarsD.millionofstars()1—Isthisyourvisittomyhometown,Zunyi?一No.I’vebeenhereformanytimes.A.oneB.thefirsC.firstD.twice()19.Morethanninestudentsaredoingsportsnow.A.hundredsB.hundredofC.hundredD.hundredsof()20.Now,everybody,pleaseturntoPageandlookatthepicture.A.Fifth;fhFivfe;fifChFifth;fifthD.Five;five()21.Forbreakfast,Iusuallyhaveandtwopiecesofbread.A.acupofmildhalhalfacupofmilkC.ahalfmilkcupD.halfamilkcup()22.ThegovernmentofChongqingisbuildingcheapandgoodhousesforthepeople.A.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandofthousandsof()1.Thereareaboutstudentsinourschool.A.twothousandofB.twothousandsC.twothousandsofD.twothousand()2.Therearestudentsinourgrade.A.threehundredsandforty-fiveB.threehundredandfortyfiveC.threehundredforty-fiveD.threehundredandforty-five()3.Sundayisdayoftheweek.A.thefirstB.oneC.heseventhD.theseven()4.Pleasecometomyoffice.A.athalfpasteightB.athalfpassedeitherC.inhalfpasteightD.onhalfpasteight()5.Ifyouwanttogotothecinema,take.A.busNo.theninthB.theNo.9busC.No.9thebusD.No.theninthbus()6.TheGreenscametoChina.A.in1984October27B.inOctober27,1984C.on27,1984OctoberD.onOctober27,1984()7.Thestorytookplacein.A.nineteencenturiesB.nineteencenturyC.thenineteenthcenturyD.nineteenthcentury()8.IwastoldtheywouldstayinChinafor.A.oneandahalfyearsB.oneandahalfyearC.oneandhalfyearsD.onehalfandoneyear()9.Tomorrowwearegoingtolearn.A.LessonSecondB.theLessonTwoC.LessonTwoD.secondlesson()10.Ithinkthatthefirstdayofspringis.A.twenty-twoofMarchB.twenty-secondonMarchC.twenty-twoinMarchD.thetwenty-secondofMarch()11.letteroftheword“restaurant”is“n”.A.TheninethB.NinethC.TheninthD.Ninth()12.Wetalkedfor.A.halfahourB.halfhourC.anhourhalfD.halfanhour()13.Thebuswillleaveatthisafternoon.A.threefifteenB.threeandfifteenC.threequartersD.fiftytothree()14.Theearthisthesizeofthemoon.A.49thetimesB.49timesC.49timeD.fourty-ninetimes()15.It’saruler.A.two-feet-longB.twofeetlongC.two-foot-longD.two-foot-long()16.studentsareplantingtrees.A.SeveralhundredsB.SeveralhundredC.FivehundredsD.Fivehundredof()17.tofinishquickly.A.NoeverystudentwantsB.NoeverystudentwantC.NoteverystudentwantsD.Noteverystudentwant()18.ago,ourcountrywascoveredbythickforests.A.SeveralmillionofyearB.SeveralmillionyearC.SeveralmillionyearsD.Severalmillionofyears()19.Theweightofthemoonisonlyaboutofthatoftheearth.A.oneeightyB.oneofeightyC.onetheeightiethD.oneeightieth()20.It/s11:45.Yes,it’s.A.fifteenpasttwelveB.fifteenfromtwelveC.aquarterpasteightiethD.aquartertotwelve()21.Whatdateisit?It’s.A.Julytwentieth-firstB.ofJulytwenty-firstC.thetwenty-firstofJulyD.aquartertotwelve()22.,please?ItwasApril25th.A.HowoldareyouB.WhatwasthedateyesterdayC.WhattimewasitD.Whatdayisittoday()23.Ihavethingstodo.Ican/tplay.A.many,nomoreB.alotof,anymoreC.much,moreD.much,anymore()24.Ihaveapaperonmydesk.A.littleB.lotC.lotsD.littleof()25.Thisis.A.thequestionthirtyB.thequestionthirteenC.thirtyquestionD.questionthirteen()26.oftheworkhasbeendone.A.TwothirdB.TwothreeC.TwothirdsD.Twothird()27.It’snow.Let’shurry.A.halfpassedsixB.thirtypassedsixC.halfpasssixD.halftoseven()28.What’sthedatetoday?It’s.A.theJunefourthB.thefourthofJuneC.ofJunethefourthD.fourthJune()29.Nextweekwe'regoingtolean.A.unit5B.theunit5C.Unit5D.5Unit()30.Doyouhavemuchworktodothisweekend?Yes,Ihavetowriteapaper.A.two-thousand-wordB.two-thousand-wordsC.two-thousands-wordD.two-thousands-words()31.Thetreeistall.A.forteenfeetB.fourteenfeetC.fourteenfootD.fourtyfoot()32.Fiftyplus.A.fourtyisninetyB.fortyisninetyC.thirtyisninetyD.fourtyisninety()33.Therearestudentsinthisschool.A.fourhundredfifty-twoB.fourhundredsfifty-twoC.fourhundredandfifty-twoD.fourhundredandfiftytwo()34.Myhomeisaboutawayfromtheschool.A.threehundredmetreB.threehundredsmetresC.threehundredmetresD.threehundredsmetre()35.Decemberisandlastmonthisayear.A.thetwelvethB.twelvethC.thetwelfthD.twelfth()36.oftheteachersintheschoolarefromcolleges.A.ThreequartersB.Two-thirdC.TwofifthD.Two-nineths()37.Therearetwoworldwarsduringcentury.A.thetwentiesB.thetwentiethC.twentiesD.twentieth()39.Intheforties,hisfatherservedintheNewArm(新四軍),whilethismotherworkedintheRouteArmy.(八路軍)A.thetwenty-firstlessonB.LessonTwentyFirstC.the21thlessonD.Lesson21th()40.Hewillstayherefor.A.oneandhalfmonthB.oneandahalfmonthC.onemonthsandhalfD.oneandahalfmonths()41.What’sthedatetoday?It’s.A.nineB.MondayC.June5D.11:00()42.Wouldyouliketoeatapples?No,thankyou.A.moretwoB.twomoreC.twoanotherD.twoelse()43.Hesaidhewouldcomebackin.A.oneortwodaysB.aortwodaysC.oneandtwodaysD.adayandtwo()44.Howoftendoyouwritetoyourparentsabroad?.A.TwiceamonthB.SecondtimesamonthC.AsecondtimeamonthD.Secondatimeamonth()45.peoplediedinthetrafficaccidentsintheworld.A.ThousandofB.ThousandsofC.TenthousandsofD.Tenthousandof()46.Whatisthetime?It’s.(4:25)A.fourtwenty-fiveB.fourpasttwenty-fiveC.twenty-fivetofourD.fourtwentyfive()47.Mr.Smithlivesonfloor.A.fivethB.fifthC.thefivethD.thefifth()48.HebegantolearnEnglishinhis.A.fiftyB.fiftiethC.fiftiesD.fifth()49.Hissisterwasborn.A.in1998,October21B.on1998,October21C.inOctober21,1998D.onOctober21,1998()50.Whenhewas,helefthometoworkindifferentcities.A.inhistwentyB.athistwentyC.inhistwentiesD.athistwenties()51.I’mthanyou.A.fiveyearsolderB.fifteenyearoldC.fifteenyearsD.fifteenold()52.Howoldareyou?I’m.A.fifteenyearsoldB.fifteenyearoldC.fifteenyearsD.fifteenold()53.Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?,butI’mnotsure.A.HundredsB.HundredC.HundredsD.Onehundred()54.AboutofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninChinese.A.four-fifthB.four-fifthsC.fourth-fifthsD.fourths-fifth()55.Theyplantedtreesonthefarmlastyear.A.tw