六級英語真題2016年12月(第三套)試卷及答案詳解

2016年12月六級考試真題（第三套）PartIWriting(30minutes)．．D1rect10ns:凡rthispart,ylld30·ouareaoweminutestowriteashortessayoninnovation.YouressayshouldincludethePartIIimportanceofinnovationandmeasurestobetakentoencourageinnovation.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.ListeningComprehension說明：2016年12月六級真題全國共考了兩套聽力。本套的聽力內(nèi)容與第二套的完全一樣，只是選項的順序不一樣而已。PartIDReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofcho即esgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Smallcommunities,withtheirdistinctivecharacter—wherelifeisstableandintenselyhuman—aredisappearing.Somehave26fromthefaceoftheearth,othersaredyingslowly,butallhave27changesastheyhavecomeintocontactwithan28machinecivilization.Themergingofdiversepeoplesintoacommonmasshasproducedtensionamongmembersoftheminoritiesandthemajorityalike.TheOldOrderAmish,whoarrivedonAmericanshoresincolonialtimes,have29inthemodemworldindistinctive,smallcommunities.Theyhaveresistedthehomogenization30moresuccessfullythanothers.Inplantingandharvesttimeonecanseetheirbeardedmenworkingthefieldswithhorsesandtheirwomenhangingoutthelaundryinneatrowstodry.ManyAmericanpeoplehaveseenAmishfamilies,withthemenwearingbroadbrimmedblackhatsandthewomeninlongdresses,inrailwayorbus31.AlthoughtheAmishhavelivedwith32Americaforovertwoandahalfcenturies,theyhavemoderateditsinfluenceontheirpersonallives,theirfamilies,communities,andtheirvalues.TheAmishareoften33byotherAmericanstoberelicsofthepastwholiveasimple,inflexiblelifededicatedtoinconvenientout-datedcustoms.Theyareseenasabandoningbothmodem34andtheAmericandreamofsuccessandprogress.ButmostpeoplehavenoquarrelwiththeAmishfordoingthingstheold-fashionedway.Theirconscientiousobjectionwastoleratedinwartime,forafterall,theyaregoodfarmerswho35thevirtuesofworkandthrift.A)accessingB)convemencesC)destinedD)expandingE)industrializedF)perceivedG)practiceH)process!)progressJ)respectiveK)survivedL)terminalsM)undergoneN)universalO)vanishedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontains叫ormationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.CountriesRushforUpperHandinAntarctica[A]Onaglacier-filledislandwithfjords(峽灣）andelephantseals,RussiahasbuiltAntarctica'sfirstOrthodoxchurchonahilloverlookingitsresearchbase.Lessthananhourawaybysnowmobile,ChineselabourershaveupdatedtheGreatWallStation,avitalpartofChina'splantooperatefivebasesonAntarctica,completewithanindoorbadmintoncourtandsleepingquartersfor150people.Nottobeoutdone,India'sfuturisticnewBharathibase,builtonstilts(樁子）using134interlockingshippingcontainers,resemblesaspaceship.TurkeyandIranhaveannouncedplanstobuildbases,too.[B]Morethanacenturyhaspassedsinceexplorersracedtoplanttheirflagsatthebottomoftheworld,andfordecadestocomethiscontinentissupposedtobeprotectedasascientificpreserve,shieldedfromintrusionslikemilitaryactivitiesandmining.Butanarrayofcountriesarerushingtoassertgreaterinfluencehere,withaneyenotjusttowardsthedaythoseprotectivetreatiesexpire,butalsoforthestrategicandcommercialopportunitiesthatalreadyexist.[C]Thenewerplayersaresteppingintowhattheyviewasatreasurehouseofresources.SomeoftheventuresfocusontheAntarcticresourcesthatarealreadyupforgrabs,likeabundantsealife.SouthKorea,whichoperatesstate-of-the-artbaseshere,isincreasingitsfishingofkrill(磷蝦），foundinabundanceintheSouthernOcean,whileRussiarecentlyfrustratedeffortstocreateoneoftheworld'slargestoceansanctuarieshere.[D]SomescientistsareexaminingthepotentialforharvestingicebergsfromAntarctica,whichisestimatedtohavethebiggestreservesoffreshwaterontheplanet.Nationsarealsopressingaheadwithspaceresearchandsatelliteprojectstoexpandtheirglobalnavigationabilities.[E]BuildingonaSoviet-erafoothold,RussiaisexpandingitsmonitoringstationsforGlonass,itsversionoftheGlobalPositioningSystem(GPS).AtleastthreeRussianstationsarealreadyoperatinginAntarctica,partofitsefforttochallengethedominanceoftheAmericanGPS,andnewstationsareplannedforsitesliketheRussianbase,intheshadowoftheOrthodoxChurchoftheHolyTrinity.[F]ElsewhereinAntarctica,RussianresearchersboastoftheirrecentdiscoveryofafreshwaterreservethesizeofLakeOntarioafterdrillingthroughmilesofsolidice."Youcanseethatwe'reheretostay,"saidVladimirCheberdak,57,chiefoftheBellingshausenStation,ashesippedteaunderaportraitofFabianGottliebvonBellingshausen,ahigh-rankingofficerintheImperialRussianNavywhoexploredtheAntarcticcoastin1820.[G]Antarctica'smineral,oilandgaswealtharealonger-termprize.Thetreatybanningmininghere,shieldingcoveted(令人垂涎的）reservesofironore,coalandchromium,comesupforreviewin2048.Researchersrecentlyfoundkimberlite(金伯利巖）depositshintingattheexistenceofdiamonds.Andwhileassessmentsvarywidely,geologistsestimatethatAntarcticaholdsatleast36billionbarrelsofoilandnaturalgas.[H]BeyondtheAntarctictreaties,hugeobstaclespersisttotappingtheseresources,likedriftingicebergsthatcouldjeopardiseoffshoreplatforms.ThenthereisAntarctica'sremoteness,withsomemineraldepositsfoundinwindsweptlocationsonacontinentthatislargerthanEuropeandwherewintertemperatureshoveraroundminus55degreesCelsius.[I]ButadvancesintechnologymightmakeAntarcticaalotmoreaccessiblethreedecadesfromnow.Andevenbeforethen,scholarswarn,thedemandforresourcesinanenergy-hungryworldcouldraisepressuretorenegotiateAntarctica'streaties,possiblyallowingmorecommercialendeavoursherewellbeforetheprohibitionsagainstthemexpire.TheresearchstationsonKingGeorgeIslandofferaglimpseintothelonggameonthisiceblanketedcontinentasnationsassertthemselves,erodingtheswaylongheldbycountriesliketheUnitedStates,Britain,AustraliaandNewZealand.[J]BeingstationedinAntarcticainvolvesadaptingtolifeontheplanet'sdriest,windiestandcoldestcontinent,yeteachnationmanagestomakeitselfathome.BeardedRussianpriestsofferregularservicesattheOrthodoxchurchforthe16orsoRussianspeakerswhospendthewinteratthebase,largelypolarscientistsinfieldslikeglaciologyandmeteorology.Theirnumberclimbstoabout40inthewarmersummermonths.Chinahasarguablythefastest-growingoperationsinAntarctica.Itopeneditsfourthstationlastyearandispressingaheadwithplanstobuildafifth.Itisbuildingitssecondice-breakingshipandsettingupresearchdrillingoperationsonanicedome13,422feetabovesealevelthatisoneoftheplanet'scoldestplaces.ChineseofficialssaytheexpansioninAntarcticaprioritisesscientificresearch,buttheyalsoacknowledgethatconcernsabout"resourcesecurity"influencetheirmoves.[K]China'snewlyrenovatedGreatWallStationonKingGeorgeIslandmakestheRussianandChileanbaseshereseemoutdated."Wedoweathermonitoringhereandotherresearch,"NingXu,53,thechiefoftheChinesebase,saidoverteaduringafierceblizzard(暴風(fēng)雪）inlateNovember.Thelargebaseheleadsresemblesasnowed-incollegecampusonholidaybreak,withthecapacitytosleepmorethan10timesthe13peoplewhowerestayingonthroughtheAntarcticwinter.YongYu,aChinesemicrobiologist,showedoffthespaciousbuilding,withemptydesksunderanillustratedtimelinedetailingtherapidgrowthofChina'sAntarcticoperationssincethe1980s."Wenowfeelequippedtogrow,"hesaid.[L]AssomecountriesexpandoperationsinAntarctica,theUnitedStatesmaintainsthreeyear-roundstationsonthecontinentwithmorethan1,000peopleduringthesouthernhemisphere'ssummer,includingthoseattheAmundsen-Scottstation,builtin1956atanelevationof9,301feetonaplateauattheSouthPole.ButUSresearchersquietlycomplainaboutbudgetrestraintsandhavingfarfewericebreakersthanRussia,limitingthereachoftheUnitedStatesinAntarctica.[M]ScholarswarnthatAntarctica'spoliticaldriftcouldblurthedistinctionbetweenmilitaryandcivilianactivitieslongbeforethecontinent'streatiescomeupforrenegotiation,especiallyinpartsofAntarcticathatareidealforintercepting(攔截）signalsfromsatellitesorretaskingsatellitesystems,potentiallyenhancingglobalelectronicintelligenceoperations.[N]Somecountrieshavehadahardtimehere.Brazilopenedaresearchstationin1984,butitwaslargelydestroyedbyafirethatkilledtwomembersofthenavyin2012,thesameyearthatadiesel-ladenBrazilianbargesanknearthebase.Asifthatwerenotenough,aBrazilianC-130HerculesmilitarytransportplanehasremainedstrandedneartherunwayofChile'sairbaseheresinceitcrash-landedin2014.[0]However,Brazil'sstretchofmisfortunehascreatedopportunitiesforChina,withaChinesecompanywinningtheMYMlOOmillioncontractin2015torebuildtheBrazilianstation.[P]Amidallthechanges,Antarcticamaintainsitsallure.SouthKoreaopeneditssecondAntarcticresearchbasein2014,describingitasawaytotestrobotsdevelopedbyKoreanresearchersforuseinextremeconditions.WithRussia'shelp,BelarusispreparingtobuilditsfrrstAntarcticbase.ColombiasaidthisyearthatitplannedtojoinotherSouthAmericannationswithbasesinAntarctica.[Q]"TheolddaysoftheAntarcticbeingdominatedbytheinterestsandwishesofwhitemenfromEuropean,AustralasianandNorthAmericanstatesareover,"saidKlausDodds,apoliticsscholarattheUniversityofLondonwhospecialisesinAntarctica."TherealityisthatAntarcticaisgeopoliticallycontested."36.AccordingtoChineseofficials,theiractivitiesinAntarcticalaygreateremphasisonscientificresearch.37.Effortstocreateoneoftheworld'slargestoceansanctuariesfailedbecauseofRussia'sobstruction.38.WithseveralmonitoringstationsoperatinginAntarctica,RussiaistryinghardtocounterAmerica'sdominanceinthefieldofworldwidenavigationalfacilities.39.Accordingtogeologists'estimates,Antarcticahasenormousreservesofoilandnaturalgas.40.ItisestimatedthatAntarcticaboastsoftherichestreservesoffreshwateronearth.41.ThedemandforenergyresourcesmaycompelrenegotiationofAntarctica'streatiesbeforetheirexpiration.42.ManycountriesareracingagainsteachothertoincreasetheirbusinessandstrategicinfluenceonAntarctica.43.Antarctica'sharshnaturalconditionsconstitutehugeobstaclestotheexploitationofitsresources.44.Withcompetitionfrommanycountries,Antarcticaisnolongerdominatedbythetraditionalwhitenations.45.AmericanscientistscomplainaboutlackofsufficientmoneyandequipmentfortheirexpansioninAntarctica.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Anyveterannicotineaddictwilltestifythatfancypackagingplaysnoroleinthedecisiontokeepsmoking.So,itisargued,strippingcartonsoftheirbrandingwilltriggernomassmovementtoquit.Butthatisn'twhythegovernment—underpressurefromcancercharities,healthworkersandtheLabourparty—hasagreedtolegislateforstandardisedpackaging.Thetheoryisthatsmokingshouldbestrippedofanyappealtodiscouragenewgenerationsfromstartinginthefirstplace.Plainpackagingwouldbeanotherstepinthereclassificationofcigarettesfrominvitingconsumerproductstonarcotics(麻醉劑）．Naturally,thetobaccoindustryisviolentlyopposed.Nobusinesslikestoadmitthatitsellsaddictivepoisonasalifestylechoice.Thatiswhygovernmenthashistoricallyintervened,banningadvertising,imposinghealthwarningsandpunitive(懲罰性的）duties.Thisapproachhasledovertimetoafallinsmokingwithnumbershavingroughlyhalvedsincethe1970s.EvidencefromAustraliasuggestsplainpackagingpushessocietyfurtheralongthatroad.SincetobaccoisoneofthebiggestcausesofprematuredeathintheUK,ameasurethattamesthehabitevenbyafractionisworthtrying.Sowhyhasittakensolong?TheDepartmentofHealthdeclareditsintentiontoconsiderthemoveinNovember2010andconsultedthrough2012.ButtheplanwassuspendedinJuly2013.ItdidnotescapenoticethatalobbyingfirmsetupbyLyntonCrosby,DavidCameron'selectioncampaign曲ector,hadpreviouslyactedforPhilipMorrisInternational.(Theprimeministerdeniedtherewasaconnectionbetweenhisnewadviser'soutsideinterestsandthechangeinlegislativeprogramme.)InNovember2013,afteranunnecessaryroundofadditionalconsultation,healthministerJaneEllisonsaidthegovernmentwasmindedtoproceedafterall.NowwearetoldMembersofParliament(MPs)willhaveafreevotebeforeparliamentisdissolvedinMarch.Parliamenthasinfactalreadyauthorisedthegovernmenttotamethetobaccotrade.MPsvotedoverwhelminglyinfavourofLabouramendmentstothechildrenandfamiliesbilllastFebruarythatincludedthepowertoregulateforplainpackaging.WithsufficientwillinDowningStreetthiswouldhavebeendonealready.ButstrengthofwillisthemissingingredientwhereMr.Cameronandpublichealthareconcerned.Hisattitudetostateinterventionhaslookedconfusedeversincehisbizarre2006lament(嘆惜）thatchocolateorangesplacedseductivelyatsupermarketcheckoutsfueledobesity.Thegovernmenthasmovedreluctantlyintoasensiblepublichealthpolicy,butwithsuchobviousover‐cautiousnessthatanypoliticalcreditduebelongstotheopposition.WithoutsustainedexternalpressureitseemscertainMr.Cameronwouldstillbehookedontheinterestsofbigtobaccocompanies.46.Whatdochainsmokersthinkofcigarettepackaging?A)Fancypackagingcanhelptoengagenewsmokers.B)Ithaslittletodowiththequalityortasteofcigarettes.C)Plainpackagingdiscouragesnon-smokersfromtakingupsmoking.D)Ithaslittleimpactontheirdecisionwhetherornottoquitsmoking.47.WhathastheUKgovernmentagreedtodoconcerningtobaccopackaging?A)Passalawtostandardisecigarettepackaging.B)Ridcigarettecartonsofalladvertisements.C)Subsidisecompaniestoadoptplainpackaging.D)Reclassifycigarettesaccordingtopackaging.48.WhathashappenedinAustraliawhereplainpackagingisimplemented?A)Prematuredeathratesresultingfromsmokinghavedeclined.B)ThenumberofsmokershasdroppedmoresharplythanintheUK.C)Thesalesoftobaccosubstituteshaveincreasedconsiderably.D)CigarettesaleshavebeenfallingfarmorequicklythanintheUK.49.WhyhasittakensolongfortheUKgovernmenttoconsiderplainpackaging?A)PrimeMinisterCameronhasbeenreluctanttotakeaction.B)Thereisstrongoppositionfromveterannicotineaddicts.C)ManyMembersofParliamentareaddictedtosmoking.DPressurefromtobaccomanufacturersrem扣nsstrong.50.WhatdidCameronsayaboutchocolateorangesatsupermarketcheckouts?A)Theyfueledalotofcontroversy.B)Theyattractedalotofsmokers.C)TheymademoreBritishpeopleobese.D)Theyhadcertainingredientsmissing.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whatawasteofmoney!Inreturnforanaverageof￡44,000ofdebt,studentsgetanaverageofonly14hoursoflectureandtutorialtimeaweekinBritain.Annualfeeshaverisenfrom￡1,000to￡9,000inthelastdecade,butcontacttimeatuniversityhasbarelyrisenatall.Andgraduatingdoesn'tevenprovideanyguaranteeofadecentjob:sixintengraduatestodayareinnon-graduatejobs.Nowonderithasbecomefashionabletodenouncemanyuniversitiesaslittlemorethanelaboratecon-tricks(騙術(shù)）.There'salotforstudentstocomplainabout:therepaymentthresholdforpayingbackloanswillbefrozenforfiveyears,meaningthatlower-paidgraduateshavetostartrepayingtheirloans;andmaintenancegrantshavebeenreplacedbyloans,meaningthatstudentsfrompoorerbackgroundsfacehigherdebtthanthosewithwealthierparents.Yetitstillpaystogotouniversity.Ifgoingtouniversitydoesn'tworkout,studentspayverylittle—ifany—oftheirtuitionfeesback:youonlystartrepayingwhenyouareearning￡21,000ayear.Almosthalfofgraduates—thosewhogoontoearnless—willhaveaportionoftheirdebtwrittenoff.It'snotjustthelecturesandtutorialsthatareimportant.Educationisthesumofwhatstudentsteacheachotherinbetweenlecturesandseminars.Studentsdonotmerelybenefitwhileatuniversity;studiesshowtheygoontobehealthierandhappierthannon-graduates,andalsofarmorelikelytovote.Whateveryourtalents,itisextraordinarilydifficulttogetaleadingjobinmostfieldswithouthavingbeentouniversity.Recruiterscircleeliteuniversitieslikevultures(兀鷹）.Manytopfirmswillnotevenlookatapplicationsfromthosewholacka2.1,i.e.,anupper-secondclassdegree,fromaneliteuniversity.Studentsatuniversityalsomeetthoselikelytobeinleadingjobsinthefuture,formingcontactsforlife.Thismightnotberight,butschoolleaverswhofailtoacknowledgeasmuchriskmakingthewrongdecisionaboutgoingtouniversity.Perhapsthereasonwhysomanyuniversitiesoffertheirstudentssolittleistheyknowstudyingatatopuniversityremainsabrilliantinvestmentevenifyoudon'tlearnanything.Studyingatuniversitywillonlybecomelessattractiveifemployersshifttheirfocusawayfromwheresomeonewenttouniversity—andthereisnosignofthathappeninganytimesoon.School-leaversmaymoan,buttheyhavelittlechoicebuttoembraceuniversityandthestudentdebtthatcomeswithit.51.Whatistheauthor'sopinionofgoingtouniversity?A)Itisworthwhileafterall.B)Itissimplyawasteoftime.C)Itishardtosaywhetheritisgoodorbad.D)Itistooexpensiveformostyoungpeople.52.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheemploymentsituationofBritishuniversitygraduates?A)Fewofthemaresatisfiedwiththejobstheyareoffered.B)Itusuallytakesalongtimeforthemtofindadecentjob.C)Graduatesfromeliteuniversitiesusuallycangetdecentjobs.D)Mostofthemtakejobswhichdon'trequireacollegedegree.53.Whatdoestheauthorsayisimportantforuniversitystudentsbesidesclassroomins血ction?A)Makingsuretoobtainanupper-secondclassdegree.B)Practicalskillstheywillneedintheirfuturecareers.C)Interactionsamongthemselvesoutsidetheclassroom.D)Developingindependentandcreativethinkingabilities.54.Whatissaidtobeanadvantageofgoingtouniversity?A)Learninghowtotakerisksinanever-changingworld.B)Meetingpeoplewhowillbehelpfultoyouinthefuture.C)Havingopportunitiesofplayingaleadingroleinsociety.D)Gainingup-to-dateknowledgeinscienceandtechnology.55.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A)Itisnaturalforstudentstomakecomplaintsaboutuniversityeducation.B)Fewstudentsarewillingtobeartheburdenofdebtincurredatuniversity.C)Universityeducationisbecomingattractivetostudentswhocanaffordit.D)Theprestigeoftheuniversityinfluencesemployers'recruitmentdecisions.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:凡rthispartyouareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.隨著生活水平的提高，度假在中國人生活中的作用越來越重要。過去，中國人的時間主要花在謀生上，很少有機(jī)會外出旅行。然而，近年來中國旅游業(yè)發(fā)展迅速。經(jīng)濟(jì)的繁榮和富裕中產(chǎn)階級的出現(xiàn)，引發(fā)了一個前所未有的旅游熱潮。中國人不僅在國內(nèi)旅游，出國旅游也越來越普遍。2016年國慶節(jié)假H期間，旅游消費總計超過4000億元。據(jù)世界貿(mào)易組織估計，2020年中國將成為世界上最大的旅游國，在未來兒年里將成為出境旅游支出增長最快的國家。2016年12月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題（第三套）【答案速在】選詞填空26-35OMDKHLEFBG長篇閱讀36-45JCEGDIBHQL仔細(xì)閱讀46-55DABACADCBD2016年12月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題（第三套）【真題解析】PartIWriting(30minutes)【審題分析］審題，得知題目關(guān)鍵信息是，關(guān)于innovation的態(tài)度。話題類作文。而且，題目中，還有進(jìn)一步的要求，一個是importanceofinnovation,另外一個是measurestobetakentoencourageinnovation。那么，文章就寫起來比較容易了。完成題目中要求的任務(wù)即可。按照，最常用，也是最妥當(dāng)?shù)娜问阶魑倪M(jìn)行。第一段引入話題，直接交代創(chuàng)新的重要性。比如說創(chuàng)新在當(dāng)代中國很重要啊。比如說我們現(xiàn)在倡導(dǎo)大眾創(chuàng)新啊。第二段展開話題。直接就寫可以采取的措施。最常見，也是最萬能的提建議的角度，就是先從政府角度思考，然后從大眾角度思考。兩個角度，加上一點拓展，就絕對足夠了。第三段總結(jié)全文，蜇述主題重要性。強(qiáng)調(diào)，創(chuàng)新的重要性即可?！緟⒖挤段模軲yViewonInnovationInnovationisofgreatsignificancetohumanlife.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatinnovationcanpromotetheadvancementofsocietyandisthemostessentialqualityforanyonewhowantstoachievesuccess.AsSteveJobsputit:"Innovationdistinguishesbetweenaleaderandafollower."Withinnovation,anyprogresswillbepossible;however,onceindulgedinconservatism,everythingwillremainstagnant.Therefore,bysomemeansorotherwemustcometoknowhowtobeinnovative.Ontheonehand,fromthestandpointofanation,thegovernmentshouldencourageinnovationandfosterthemindsetofcontinuouslearning.Onlybydoingthiscanournationachievenewbreakthroughsinallwalksoflife.Ontheotherhand,fromtheperspectiveofindividuals,weshouldenrichourknowledgereservesandarmourselveswithup-to-dateknowledge.Onlywhenweareequippedwithvaststoresofknowledgecanwethinkoutdifferentmethodswhensolvingaproblem.Weshouldalwayscommitittoourmemorytheimportanceofinnovationtousall.Inourdailylife,weneedtocultivatethehabitofapplyingnewthoughtsandmethodsintopractice.范文譯文創(chuàng)新對于人類社會具有重大意義。毋庸贅言，創(chuàng)新能夠推動社會進(jìn)步，而對任何想要成功的人來說，創(chuàng)新都是必不可少的品質(zhì)。正如史蒂夫·喬布斯所說：“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和追隨者的區(qū)別就是創(chuàng)新。”有了創(chuàng)新，任何進(jìn)步都可能產(chǎn)生；然而，一旦沉迷于守舊，一切都將停滯不前。故此，我們應(yīng)該想法設(shè)法了解如何具有創(chuàng)新性。一方面，從國家角度來說，政府應(yīng)該鼓勵創(chuàng)新精神，培養(yǎng)人們不斷學(xué)習(xí)的心態(tài)。唯有如此，我們的國家才能在各行各業(yè)取得突破。另一方面，從個人角度來看，我們應(yīng)該豐富自己的只是儲備，用最新的知識武裝自己。只有具備了大量的知識，我們才能在解決問題時想出不同的思路。我們應(yīng)該始終牢記創(chuàng)新對我們所有人的重要意義。在日常生活中，要培養(yǎng)將新思路和新方法應(yīng)用于實踐的習(xí)慣。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)岡罰臂喟卜｀【原文】Smallcommunities,withtheirdistinctivecharacter-wherelifeisstableandintenselyhuman一aredisappearing.Somehave(26)fromthefaceoftheearth,othersaredyingslowly,butallhave(27)changesastheyhavecomeintocontactwithan(28)machinecivilization.Themergingofdiversepeoplesintoacommonmasshaspdroucedtens10namongmembersofthemmoritiesandthemaJontyalike.小社區(qū)有其自身特點－那里生活穩(wěn)定且十分人性化—而這種小區(qū)正在消失。一些已經(jīng)從地球表面(26)消告了，另一些正在慢慢消亡，但它們?nèi)荚诮佑|(28)擴(kuò)張的機(jī)器文明過程中(27)經(jīng)歷了改變。不同類型的人融入普通人群之中，同時造成了少數(shù)群體成員與普通大眾成員之間的緊張。TheOldOrderAmish,whoarrivedonAmericanshoresincolonialtimes,have(29)inthemodemworldindistinctive,smallcommunities.Theyhaveresistedthehomogenization(30)moresuccessfullythanothers.Inplantingandharvesttimeonecanseetheirbeardedmenwor燦ngthefieldswithhorsesandtheirwomenhangingoutthelaundryinneatrowstodry.ManyAmericanpeoplehaveseenAmishfamilies,withthemenwearingbroadbrimmedblackhatsandthewomeninlongdresses,inrailwayorbus(31).AlthoughtheAmishhavelivedwith(32)Americaforovertwoandahalfcenturies,theyhavemoderateditsinfluenceontheirpersonallives,theirfamilies,communities,andtheirvaues.阿米什人在殖民時期就來到了美國，在現(xiàn)代世界中以有特色的小區(qū)形式(29)坴在下來。他們比其他人更成功地抗拒了同質(zhì)化(30)過程。在播種和收獲季節(jié)，人們可以看見留著胡子的阿米什男人帶著馬匹在田間工作，阿米什女人把洗好的衣服掛得整整齊齊諒出來。很多美國人都曾在火車(31)墊和汽車蠟里見過帶著黑色寬邊帽子的阿米什男人和穿長裙的阿米什女人。雖然阿米什人已經(jīng)和(32)工業(yè)化美國共同生存了250多年，但是他們努力淡化美國對他們個人生活，家庭，社區(qū)和價值觀造成影響。TheAmishareoften(33)byotherAmericanstoberelicsofthepastwholiveasimple,inflexiblelifededicatedtoinconvenientout-datedcustoms.Theyareseenasabandoningbothmodem(34)andtheAmericandreamofsuccessandprogress.ButmostpeoplehavenoquarrelwiththeAmishfordoingthingstheold-fashionedway.Theirconscientiousobjectionwastoleratedinwartime,forafterall,theyaregoodfarmerswho(35)thevirtuesofworkandthrift.阿米什人常常被美國人(33)看作過去歲月的遺留，他們過著簡單，刻板的生活，并將這種生活方式當(dāng)作對不方便的，舊式習(xí)俗的獻(xiàn)禮。人們認(rèn)為阿米什人放棄了現(xiàn)代的(34)便利和追求成功，進(jìn)步的美國夢。多數(shù)人不會因為阿米什人沿用古老方法做事而產(chǎn)生異議。戰(zhàn)爭期間，阿米什人小心謹(jǐn)慎的不融合被美國大眾所容忍，畢竟他們是(35)踐五勞動和節(jié)儉美德的好農(nóng)民。26.O)動詞辨析題【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：Somehave26fromthefaceoftheearth,…可知空格位于旬子的謂語動詞位置，在have之后，據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入動詞的過去分詞形式，且為不及物動詞?！菊Z意分析】根據(jù)句意可知答案為0)vanished"消失”。符合句意：一種一些小社區(qū)已經(jīng)從地球表面了，......【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：butallhave27changesastheyhavecomeintocontactwithan…可知空格位于旬子的謂語動詞位置，在have之后，據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入動詞的過去分詞形式，且為不及物動詞?！菊Z意分析】可與changes搭配使用，結(jié)合備選項，只有M)undergone"經(jīng)受，經(jīng)歷”可以修飾changes。符合語境：它們?nèi)荚诮佑|擴(kuò)張的機(jī)器文明過程中經(jīng)歷了改變。28.D)形容詞辨析題【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：butallhave27changesastheyhavecomeintocontactwithan28machinecivilization.空格位于不定冠詞an之后，名詞短語machinecivilization之前，據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入形容詞，且以原因因素開頭?！菊Z意分析】代入相關(guān)選項可知D)expanding"擴(kuò)張的”符合語境：但它們?nèi)荚诮佑|擴(kuò)張的機(jī)器文明過程中經(jīng)歷了改變。29.K)動詞辨析題【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：TheOldOrderAmish,whoarrivedonAmericanshoresincolonialtimes,have29inthemodemworldindistinctive,…空格位于旬子的謂語動詞位置，在have之后，據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入動詞的過去分詞形式，且與in形成固定搭配。【語意分析】結(jié)合備選項，K)survived"幸存，生還”符合要求。本旬旬意：阿米什人在殖民時期就來到了美國，在現(xiàn)代世界中以有特色的小區(qū)形式幸存下來。30.H)名詞辨析題【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：Theyhaveresistedthehomogenization30moresuccessfullythanothers.空格位于整個旬子的賓語部分，據(jù)此應(yīng)填入名詞?！菊Z意分析】根據(jù)旬意”他們比其他人更成功地抗拒了同質(zhì)化……”可知H)process符合語境，為正確答案。31.L)名詞辨析題【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：ManyAmericanpeoplehaveseenAmishfamilies,withthemenwearingbroad‐brimmedblackhatsandthewomeninlongdresses,inrailwayorbus.空格位于名詞之后，應(yīng)能夠與railway及bus構(gòu)成固定搭配，據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入名詞。【語意分析】根據(jù)旬意：＂很多美國人都曾在火車站和汽車?yán)镆娺^帶著黑色寬邊帽子的阿米什男人和穿長裙的阿米什女人。”可知，答案為L)terminals"終端"bus/railwayterminal火車／汽車站。32.E)形容詞辨析題【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：AlthoughtheAmishhavelivedwith32Americaforovertwoandahalfcenturies,…空格位于單數(shù)名詞America之前，據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入形容詞。備選項中只有E)industrialized"工業(yè)化的＂，能修飾America,故為正確答案?！菊Z意分析】本旬含義：阿米什人已經(jīng)和工業(yè)化美國共同生存了250多年。33.F)動詞辨析題【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：TheAmishareoften33byotherAmericanstoberelicsofthepast空格位于旬子的謂語動詞位置，且該旬為被動語態(tài)，據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入動詞的過去分詞形式?！菊Z意分析】根據(jù)旬意“阿米什人常常被美國人過去歲月的遺留”可知，答案為F)perceived"把……看作；認(rèn)為"。【語法分析】根據(jù)原文：Theyareseenasabandoningbothmodem34andtheAmericandreamofsuccessandprogress.,空格位千形容詞modem之后，據(jù)此判斷額填入名詞。【語意分