新概念英語第一冊(cè)學(xué)習(xí)筆記

..Lesson1Excuseme![詞匯]<11>excusev.原諒mepron.我〔賓格yesadv.是的isv.be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)thispron.這yourpossessiveadjective你的,你們的handbagn.〔女用手提包pardonint.原諒,請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍itpron.它thankyou 感謝你〔們verymuch 非常地★Excuseme.1、引起對(duì)方注意時(shí)2、常用于與陌生人搭話,打斷別人的說話或從別人身邊擠過,或在某個(gè)聚會(huì)中突然中途要離開一會(huì)兒時(shí)Excuseusforamoment.對(duì)不起,讓我們單獨(dú)聊會(huì)。sorry對(duì)不起,用于對(duì)別人有傷害時(shí)★mepron.我〔賓格人稱代詞：主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞Imemyminehehimhishissheherherhersitititsitsyouyouyouryours主格：用在句首,作主語賓格：在動(dòng)詞、介詞之后形容詞性的物主代詞：不能單獨(dú)使用名詞性物主代詞：只能單獨(dú)使用★isv.be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱單數(shù)be動(dòng)詞：am、is、areIamshe/he/itisyou/we/theyare★pardonint.原諒,請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f一遍Pardon?/Ibegyourpardon.請(qǐng)求對(duì)方把剛才講過的話重復(fù)一遍。[語法]含有be動(dòng)詞的陳述句、否定句和一般疑問句含有be動(dòng)詞的任何句子,否定句就是在be動(dòng)詞后面加not；如果變一般疑問句,就把be動(dòng)詞提前到句子的前面。[課文]Excuseme.Yes?Isthisyourhandbag?Pardon?Isthisyourhandbag?Yes,itis.Thankyouverymuch.Lesson2Isthisyour…?[詞匯]<10>penn.鋼筆penciln.鉛筆bookn.書watchn.手表coatn.上衣,外衣dressn.連衣裙skirtn.裙子shirtn.襯衣carn.小汽車housen.房子★dress①n.連衣裙；套裙②n.服裝,衣服casualdress便服eveningdress晚禮服★housen.房子house房子,一般指獨(dú)立的院落,更具體的指房子的建筑,結(jié)構(gòu)family側(cè)重家庭的成員Therearefourpeopleinmyfamily.在我家里有四口人。home抽象的家的概念homeroad《我的父親母親》Lesson3Sorry,sir.[詞匯]<10>umbrellan.傘pleaseint.請(qǐng)hereadv.這里mypossessiveadjective我的ticketn.票numbern.號(hào)碼fivenum.五sorryadj.對(duì)不起的sirn.先生cloakroomn.衣帽存放處★hereadv.這里地點(diǎn)副詞：〔在英語中,時(shí)間副詞、地點(diǎn)副詞的前面不能加介詞here這里 there那兒 home家〔副詞,名詞 abroad國外 downstairs樓底下 upstairs樓上downtown市中心★fivenum.五one,two,three,four,five,sir,seven,eight,nine,ten★sirn.先生①對(duì)不相識(shí)的男子、年長者或上級(jí)的尊稱WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?先生,您要買什么？②sir通常用于正式信函開頭的稱呼：DearSir③Sir可用于有爵士稱號(hào)者的名字或姓名前,但不用于姓氏前。madam：女士,夫人Mr.：先生Mrs.：夫人〔已婚的Miss：小姐,一般用于指末婚女子,不過在不知道對(duì)方是否已婚時(shí)也可使用〔兩種發(fā)音：[mis]已婚未婚均可；[miz]即不愿意被稱為已婚,又不愿意被稱為未婚mister：加在男性的姓氏前面gentleman紳士,對(duì)男性比較有禮貌的稱呼,在公眾場合最得體的稱呼lady女士ladiesandgentlemenLadyfirst.guy在美國英語中對(duì)男性一種不正式的稱呼,家伙boy在美語中不正式的稱呼girl女孩male男性 female 女性man男人woman婦女[語法]祈使句：祈使句：主語通常不直接表示出來,其謂語動(dòng)詞用原型,也叫無主句。表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議、叮囑等。祈使句真正的主語是你,但省略了。Myumbrellaandmycoatplease.省略了動(dòng)詞和間接賓語的祈使句。Keepoffthegrass!請(qǐng)勿踐踏草地！Helpyourself!請(qǐng)自己動(dòng)手！某些祈使動(dòng)詞可以后跟and和另一個(gè)祈使動(dòng)詞,而不是后跟帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。Comeandseethisgoldfish.Goandbuyyourselfanewpairofshoes.去給自己買雙新鞋吧。Waitandsee.等著瞧吧。倒裝句：hereis是簡單的倒裝句,be動(dòng)詞放在here的后面,這個(gè)句式就可以成為簡單的倒裝句式。Myticketishere.我的票在這。Hereismyticket./Here'smyticket.[課文]Mycoatandmyumbrellaplease.Hereismyticket.Thankyou,sir.Numberfive.Here'syourumbrellaandyourcoat.Thisisnotmyumbrella.Sorry,sir.Isthisyourumbrella?No,itisn't.Isthisit?Yes,itis.Thankyouverymuch.Lesson4Isthisyour…?[詞匯]<5>suitn.一套衣服schooln.學(xué)校teachern.老師sonn.兒子daughtern.女兒Lesson5Nicetomeetyou.[詞匯]<14>Mr. 先生goodadj.好morningn.早晨Miss 小姐newadj.新的studentn.學(xué)生Frenchadj.&n.法國人Germanadj.&n.德國人niceadj.美好的meetv.遇見Japaneseadj.&n.日本人Koreanadj.&n.韓國人Chineseadj&n.中國人tooadv.也★niceadj.美好的①adj.美好的,好看的It’sanicedaytoday,isn’tit?②adj.和藹的,友好的Heisverynicetohisneighbours.③adj.使人高興的,令人愉快的Itissonicetohaveyouhere.[語法]冠詞：冠詞數(shù)量上表示"一個(gè)"。冠詞一共有三個(gè),分為不定冠詞和定冠詞。1、a,an是不定冠詞：可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前面必須要用不定冠詞a用在以輔音音素開頭的名詞前面,an用于以元音音素〔元音發(fā)音的單詞開頭的名詞前面apenanappleanumbrellaanegganhourauniversity2、the是定冠詞,表示特指,有兩種發(fā)音：[]、[],以元音發(fā)音開頭的單詞前面讀[]。當(dāng)想使聽話者特別注意the后面的名詞時(shí),the就讀為[],意思是"這一個(gè)而且只是這一個(gè)"或"主要是這一個(gè)"。定冠詞的用法：①特指名詞〔即以說話人或聽話人已知的人或物為前提時(shí),用theThereisanappleonthedesk.Theappleismine.Well,thereisagirlinfrontoftheclassroom.Thegirlismysister.②在專有特殊名詞時(shí),用thetheGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theForbiddenCity〔紫禁城,thesun③在國家前不用冠詞,特例國家除外theUnitedStatesofAmerica[課文]MR.BLAKE: Goodmorning.STUDENTS:Goodmorning,Mr.Blake.MR.BLAKE:ThisisMissSophieDupont.Sophieisanewstudent.SheisFrench.MR.BLAKE:Sophie,thisisHans.HeisGerman.HANS:Nicetomeetyou.MR.BLAKE:AndthisisNaoko.She'sJapanese.NAOKO:Nicetomeetyou.MR.BLAKE:AndthisisChang-woo.He'sKorean.CHANG-WOO: Nicetomeetyou.MR.BLAKE:AndthisisLuming.HeisChinese.LUMNG:Nicetomeetyou.MR.BLAKE:AndthisisXiaohui.She'sChinese,too.XIAOHUI:Nicetomeetyou.[課文注釋]1、英語國家中的姓名通常由三部分組成：名+中間名+姓。一般不用中間姓,在熟人之間以名相稱,正式場合用Mr.、Mrs.、Miss〔小姐或Ms.〔女士加姓相稱。2、Nicetomeetyou.用于初次與同學(xué)、朋友見面等非正式的場合,一般回答Nicetomeetyou,too.正式場合常用Howdoyoudo?回答也是Howdoyoudo?Lesson6Whatmakeisit?[詞匯]<13>maken.〔產(chǎn)品牌號(hào)Swedishadj.瑞典的Englishadj.英國的Americanadj.美國的Italianadj.意大利的Volvo[]n.沃爾沃〔SwedishPeugeotn.標(biāo)致〔FrenchMercedes[]n.梅賽德斯〔GermanToyotan.豐田〔JapaneseDaewoon.大宇〔KoreanMinin.迷你〔EnglishFordn.福特〔AmericanFiat[]n.菲亞特〔Italian★maken.〔產(chǎn)品的牌子；類型,型號(hào)；式樣Whatmakeisyourwatch?HerdressisofItalianmake.她的連衣裙是意大利式的★Englishadj.英國〔人的；英格蘭〔人的；英國化的JohnisveryEnglish.約翰生活行事非常英國化。[語法]選擇疑問句：選擇疑問句：在兩者或三者中進(jìn)行選擇,用特殊穎問詞or進(jìn)行連接。選擇疑問句詞調(diào)一般是前升后降,選擇疑問句的回答必須要用完整的句子回答。IssheaChineseteacheroraJapaneseteacher?Sheisn'taChineseteacher.She'saJapaneseteacher.Lesson7Areyouateacher?[詞匯]〔10Ipron.我amv.be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第一人稱單數(shù)arev.be動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)復(fù)數(shù)namen.名字whatadj.&pron.什么nationalityn.國籍jobn.工作keyboardn.電腦鍵盤operatorn.操作人員engineern.工程師★nationalityn.國籍nationn.國家nationaladj.國家的,民族的nationalityn.國籍personn.人personaladj.個(gè)人的personalityn.人品人格★job[]n.工作①n.職業(yè),工作,有報(bào)酬的工作,既可以是體力的,也可以是腦力的Whatisyourjob?②n.〔一件工作,話計(jì)Thewholejobtakesabout40minutes.③n.職責(zé)It’syourjobtobeontime.work[]n.工作,廣義的概念,泛指的勞動(dòng)workingclass工人階級(jí)★keyboardn.電腦鍵盤key[]n.鑰匙board[]n.木板blackboardn.黑板★operatorn.操作人員-or字母組合,表示某種人actorn.男演員[語法]特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句=特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句特殊疑問詞：what、where、who、when、which、why、whom、how、howmany、howmuch、howlong、howfar、howoften、howsoonwhat可以用來詢問名字、國籍、工作、顏色、型號(hào)等：Whatmakeisit?它是什么牌子？Whatcolorisit?它是什么顏色的？Whatnationality…？Whattimeisit?Whatsizeisthisskirt?一般疑問句：Be動(dòng)詞+…Do/Does/Did+…Have/Has/Had+…Can及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞〔must、need、may…1、所有一般疑問句必須要用升調(diào)來讀2、一般疑問句可以用簡單的Yes/No來回答3、所有一般疑問句用什么來問的就用什么來答[課文]ROBERT: Iamanewstudent. Myname'sRobert.SOPHIE: Nicetomeetyou.Myname'sSophie.ROBERT: AreyouFrench?SOPHIE: Yes,Iam. AreyouFrench,too?ROBERT: No,Iamnot.SOPHIE: Whatnationalityareyou?ROBERT: I'mItalian. Areyouateacher?SOPHIE: No,I'mnot.ROBERT: What'syourjob?SOPHIE: I'makeyboardoperator. What'syourjob?ROBERT: I'manengineer.[課文注解]1、AreyouFrench,too?too和either兩個(gè)詞都表示"也"的意思,too用于肯定句和疑問句中,either僅限用于否定句中。too和either一般放在句末,且前面通常用逗號(hào)隔開。2、Whanationalityareyou?用于詢問對(duì)方國藉,相當(dāng)于Whereareyoufrom?或Wheredoyoucomefrom?3、What’syourjob?詢問對(duì)方從事何種職業(yè)也可以說：Whatdoyoudo?Lesson8What'syourjob?[詞匯]〔10policeman[]n.警察policewoman[]n.女警察taxidriver[]n.出租汽車司機(jī)airhostess[]n.空中小姐postman[]n.郵遞員nurse[]n.護(hù)士mechanic[]n.機(jī)械師hairdresser[]n.理發(fā)師housewife[]n.家庭婦女milkman[]n.送牛奶的人★nurse[]n.護(hù)士①n.護(hù)士；照料者②v.照料；照看Allhertimegoesintonursingherchild.她把全部時(shí)間都花于照看自己的孩子上了。③v.養(yǎng)護(hù)；培養(yǎng)nurseayoungtree養(yǎng)護(hù)樹苗nurseanauthorofpromise培養(yǎng)有前途的作家Lesson9Howareyoutoday?[詞匯]〔9helloint.喂〔表示問候hiint.喂,嗨howadv.怎樣todayadv.今天welladj.身體好fineadj.美好的thanksint.謝謝goodbyeint.再見seev.見★howadv.怎樣Howaboutthat?怎么會(huì)這樣？那一個(gè)怎么樣？Howcome?=Why?為什么？Howgoesit?=Howisitgoing?事情進(jìn)展如何？★fineadj.美好的①健康的；舒適的②極好的,優(yōu)秀的afineview美好的景色③優(yōu)雅的,雅致的Heisamanwithfinemanners.他是一個(gè)舉止優(yōu)雅的男人。★seev.見see表示看見的結(jié)果look表示看的動(dòng)作lookatsth.lookoutofthewindowlookintomyeyeswatch觀看移動(dòng)的一些東西watchTV[語法]How…?的一些社交上的用法：1、用于詢問健康狀況或一般生活情況：Howareyou?/Howhaveyoubeen?你一向可好？2、Howdoyoudo?是正式介紹中的一句套話,從不用來詢問健康。3、How經(jīng)常用在詢問目前狀況的疑問句里：How’slife?生活如何？Howarethings?情況怎樣？How’swork?工作怎么樣？形容詞的意義與作用：1、形容詞修飾名詞所指的人、物等,說明人、物等是什么樣或看上去是什么樣的。2、許多形容詞可用以回答What’s…like？這樣的問題,并可根據(jù)上下文給出籠統(tǒng)或確切的信息。What’sTomlike?He’sveryfat.3、英語中形容詞作定語時(shí)一般置于名詞之前。[課文]STEVEN: Hello,Helen.HELEN: Hi,Steven.STEVEN: Howareyoutoday?HELEN: I'mverywell,thankyou.Andyou?STEVEN: I'mfine,thanks. HowisTony?HELEN: He'sfine,thanks. How'sEmma?STEVEN: She'sverywell,too,Helen. Goodbye,Helen.Nicetoseeyou.HELEN: Nicetoseeyou,too,Steven. Goodbye.Lesson10Lookat…[詞匯]〔13fatadj.胖的womann.女人thinadj.瘦的talladj.高的shortadj.矮的dirtyadj.臟的cleanadj.干凈的hotadj.熱的coldadj.冷的oldadj.老的youngadj.年輕的busyadj.忙的lazyadj.懶的★look①看,瞧,觀,望Lookcarefullybeforeyoucrossthestreet.過馬路前要仔細(xì)看清來往車輛。②面向,朝向Theroomlooksonthesea.房間面向大海。Twowindowslooktothesouth.兩扇窗子朝南。Lesson11Isthisyourshirt?[詞匯]〔5whosepron.誰的blueadj.藍(lán)色的perhapsadv.大概whiteadj.白色的catchv.抓住★whosepron.誰的whose〔特殊疑問詞：用于詢問所有關(guān)系。對(duì)形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格的兩種情況〔形容詞性和名詞性進(jìn)行提問?！颾lueadj.藍(lán)色的①藍(lán)色的,蔚藍(lán)的②沮喪的,憂郁的Hismoodisblue.他的情緒低落。Helooksabitblue.他看上去有點(diǎn)兒憂郁?！颿atchv.抓?、賤.接住,攔?、趘.逮住,捕獲catchathief③v.染上〔疾病Ihavecaughtabadcold.我得了重感冒。[語法]所有格形容詞和所有格代詞：所有格形容詞與所有格代詞都表示所有,即某人或某物屬于某一個(gè)人,回答以whose引導(dǎo)的問句。所有格形容詞my、your等是限定詞,必須始終放在名詞之前,只能作定語,它們的形式取決于所有者,而不是被擁有的東西。所有格代詞mine、yours等不能用在名詞前,并且在說話時(shí)要加重語氣,它們指人或物,單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都一樣,在句中作主語、賓語、表語用。Ihavemyway,andshehashers.名詞所有格：名詞所有格與名詞有關(guān)〔與所有格形容詞和所有格代詞有關(guān),名詞+’s：表示……的,如：Tim's、Jones'、boss's。名詞所有格有兩種屬性：形容詞性、名詞性ThisisTim'sshirt.〔形容詞性ThisshirtisTim's.〔名詞性[課文]TEACHER: Whoseshirtisthat? Isthisyourshirt,Dave?DAVE: No.Sir.It'snotmyshirt. Thisismyshirt.Myshirt'sblue.TEACHER: IsthisshirtTim's?DAVE: Perhapsitis,sir.Tim'sshirt'swhite.TEACHER: Tim!TIM: Yes,sir?TEACHER: Isthisyourshirt?TIM: Yes,sir.TEACHER: Hereyouare.Catch!TIM: Thankyou,sir.[課文注解]Hereyouare.給你這是給對(duì)方東西時(shí)的用語,也可用Hereitis.或Heretheyare.〔指復(fù)數(shù)的物。句中的are和is一般應(yīng)重讀。

Lesson12Whoseisthis…?Thisismy/your/his/her…Whoseisthat…?Thatismy/your/his/her…[詞匯]〔8fathern.父親mothern.母親blousen.女襯衫sistern.姐,妹tien.領(lǐng)帶brothern.兄,弟hispossessiveadjective.他的herpossessiveadjective.她的Lesson13Anewdress[詞匯]〔8colourn.顏色=color〔美greenadj.綠色comev.來upstairsadj.樓上smartadj.時(shí)髦的,巧妙的hatn.帽子sameadj.相同的lovelyadj.可愛的★colourn.顏色=color〔美whatcolouris…?Whatmakeis…?什么車牌？★comev.來comeon：快點(diǎn)來；拜托,得了吧；過來Comeon.I’mnot18yearsoldagain.拜托,得了吧。go：去,加油★smartadj.時(shí)髦的,巧妙的①漂亮的,時(shí)髦的,巧妙的Youlooksmartinthatnewdress.②聰明的,伶俐的,精明的Heisasmartbusinessman.[課文]LOUISE: Whatcolour'syournewdress?ANNA: It'sgreen. Comeupstairsandseeit.LOUISE: Thankyou.ANNA: Look!Hereitis!LOUISE: That'sanicedress. It'sverysmart.ANNA: Myhat'snew,too.LOUISE: Whatcolourisit?ANNA: It'sthesamecolour. It'sgreen,too.LOUISE: Thatisalovelyhat![課文注釋]It’sthesamecolour.一樣的顏色。same通常與定冠詞the連用,表示"同一的"、"相同的"twoboysofthesameage兩個(gè)同齡的男孩子Lesson14Whatcolour'syour…?[詞匯]〔3case n.箱子carpet n.地毯dog n.狗Lesson15Yourpassport,please.[詞匯]〔9customsn.海關(guān)officern.官員girln.女孩,姑娘Danishadj.&n.丹麥人friendn.朋友Norwegianadj.&n.挪威人passportn.護(hù)照brownadj.棕色的tourist[]n.旅游者★customsn.海關(guān)customs,Customsn.[復(fù)]海關(guān)；征收關(guān)稅的程序ThespywasstoppedattheCustomsandquestioned.那個(gè)間諜在海關(guān)被截住并被加以盤問。customn.風(fēng)俗,習(xí)慣Whenrisitingaforeigncountry,wemightfindthecountry’scustomsstrangetous.Itishiscustomtogoforawalkintheevening.★friendn.朋友friend：朋友〔正式pal：好友,伙伴〔隨意buddy：伙伴,朋友〔隨意friendship：友誼Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患難之交才是真朋友?！飔ouristn.旅游者tourn.觀光,旅游tourguide導(dǎo)游traveln.旅行〔泛指travelern.旅行者tripv.&n.旅行〔短途[語法] 名詞：名詞有五種：1、普通名詞〔可數(shù)名詞：apen、abook2、物質(zhì)名詞〔不可數(shù)名詞：water、milk3、專有名詞：Mt.Tai〔泰山、theGreatWall〔長城、SummerPalace〔頤和園4、集體名詞：police、people、family5、抽象名詞：beauty、wisdom可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則：1、普通的名詞后邊直接加sabook/twobooks加-s后的讀音[][][]2、以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞要把y變i加esbaby->babies3、以-ch-sh-x-s-z結(jié)尾的單詞要加-es讀音為[]4、以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞要變?yōu)関esknife->kniveswife->wives5、輔音字母加o結(jié)尾的單詞要加espotato->potatoeszoo->zoos元音字母加o結(jié)尾的單詞要加s6、英語中有一些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的man——men swoman——womenmilkman——milkmen policwwman——policwomen[課文]CUSTOMSOFFICER: AreyouSwedish?GIRLS: No,wearenot.WeareDanish.CUSTOMSOFFICER: AreyourfriendsDanish,too?GIRLS: No,theyaren't. TheyareNorwegian.CUSTOMSOFFICER: Yourpassports,please.GIRLS: Heretheyare.CUSTOMSOFFICER: Aretheseyourcases?GIRLS: No,theyaren't. Ourcasesarebrown. Heretheyare.CUSTOMSOFFICER: Areyoutourists?GIRLS: Yes,weare.CUSTOMSOFFICER: Areyourfriendstouriststoo?GIRLS: Yes,theyare.CUSTOMSOFFICER: That'sfine.GIRLS: Thankyouverymuch.Lesson16Areyou…?[詞匯]〔8Russianadj.&n.俄羅斯人Dutchadj.&n.荷蘭人thesepron.這些〔復(fù)數(shù)redadj.紅色的greyadj.灰色的yellowadj.黃色的blackadj.黑色的orangeadj.橘黃色的★greyadj.灰色的①灰色的,偏灰的②頭發(fā)灰白的Herhairisgrey.③面色蒼白的Tonylooksgreyandtired.托尼面色蒼白,顯得疲憊。[語法]名詞復(fù)數(shù)-s或-es的發(fā)音規(guī)則：①如果名詞詞尾的發(fā)音是一個(gè)清輔音〔[s]、[]、[]除外,-s發(fā)[s]的音如：books[buks] suits[su:ts]②如果名詞詞尾的發(fā)音是一個(gè)濁輔音〔[z]、[]、[]除外或元音,-s發(fā)[z]的音,③如果名詞詞尾的發(fā)音是[s]、[z]、[]、[]、[]、[],-s發(fā)[iz]的音Lesson17Howdoyoudo?[詞匯]〔6employeen.雇員hard-workingadj.勤奮的salesreps 推銷員=salesrepresentativesmann.男人officen.辦公室assistantn.助手★employeen.雇員一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后有-ee,是被這個(gè)動(dòng)作影響的人；一個(gè)動(dòng)詞后有-er,是做出這個(gè)動(dòng)作的人。V+-ee被……的人 V+er發(fā)出……的人employv.雇擁Ineedtoemploysomepeopletohelpmedothiswork.employeen.雇員employern.雇主employmentn.工作-ment名詞后綴trainv.訓(xùn)練traineen.被訓(xùn)練的人trainern.訓(xùn)練者★hard-workingadj.勤奮的hardadj&adv.艱苦的,堅(jiān)硬的,努力地workn&v.工作hard-workingadj.勤奮的Lucyisahard-workingemployee.Theyarehard-working.hard-workn.艱苦的工作Thisisahard-work.workhard努力地工作★assistantn.助手officeassistant指辦公室干雜務(wù)的工作人員assistv.援助[課文]MR.JACKSON: Comeandmeetouremployees,Mr.Richards.MR.RICHARDS: Thankyou,Mr.Jackson.MR.JACKSON: ThisisNicolaGrey,andthisisClaireTaylor.MR.RICHARDS: Howdoyoudo? Thosewomenareveryhard-working. Whataretheirjobs?MR.JACKSON: They'rekeyboardoperators. ThisisMichaelBaker,andthisisJeremyShort.MR.RICHARDS: Howdoyoudo? Theyaren'tverybusy! Whataretheirjobs?MR.JACKSON: They'resalesreps. They'reverylazy.MR.RICHARDS: Whoisthisyoungman?MR.JACKSON: ThisisJim. He'sourofficeassistant.Lesson18Whataretheirjobs?twentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninetyone/ahundredone/athousand百位和十位之間用and連接。1萬=10千101：onehundredandone1564：onethousandfivehundredandsixtyfour9059：ninethousandandfiftynine63,152：sixtythreethousandonehundredandfiftytwo331,278：threehundredandthirtyonethousandtwohundredandseventyeightLesson19Tiredandthirty[詞匯]〔9mattern.事情childrenn.孩子們〔child的復(fù)數(shù)tiredadj.累,疲乏boyn.男孩thirstyadj.渴Mumn.媽媽sitdown 坐下rightadj.好,可以icecream 冰淇淋〔有時(shí)可數(shù),有時(shí)不可數(shù)★mattern.事情①n.事情,事件It’saprivatematter.He’snotveryinterestedinfinancialmatters.②n.麻煩事,困難What'sthematter?=Tellmewhat’swrong?=What’swrong?What’sthematterwith+sb.What'sthematterwiththechildren?Itdoesn'tmatter.沒關(guān)系Itmatters.有關(guān)系Doesitmatter?有關(guān)系嗎？可以嗎？★thirstyadj.渴①adj.渴的,口干的②adj.〔工地等干旱的adryandthirstyland干旱的土地③adj.渴望的,渴求的〔for/afterThestudentstherearethirstyforknowledge.那里的學(xué)生有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲。[語法]Therebe句型therebe句型：表示某處有某物thereis+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞Thereisapen,twobooksandaknifeonthedesk.課桌上有一枝鋼筆、兩本書和一把小刀。〔第一個(gè)并列名詞是單數(shù),所以用isthereare+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式常見方位介詞：in、on、over、underon：在…上面,接觸物體表面over：越過,垂直上方,不接觸表面in：在…里面,物體里面to：往,向,表示去向方向into：進(jìn)入…里面,從外到里進(jìn)入的過程outof：在…外,從里面出來across：橫穿[在物體表面橫穿],從平面穿過through：從里面〔中間穿過under：在……下面deside：在……旁邊near：在……附近between：在……兩者之間among在…中間〔兩者以上over：從斜面穿過介詞用法：跟在be動(dòng)詞之后跟在一些不及物動(dòng)詞之后[課文]MOTHER: What'sthematter,children?GIRL: We'retired…BOY: …andthirsty,Mum.MOTHER: Sitdownhere. Areyouallrightnow?BOY: No,wearen't.MOTHER: Look! There'sanicecreamman.MOTHER: Twoicecreamplease. Hereyouare,children.CHILDREN: Thanks,Mum.GIRL: Theseicecreamsarenice.MOTHER: Areyouallrightnow?CHILDREN: Yes,weare,thankyou!Lesson20Lookatthem![詞匯]〔10bigadj.大的smalladj.小的openadj.開著的shutadj.關(guān)著的lightadj.輕的heavyadj.重的longadj.長的shoen.鞋子grandfathern.祖父grandmothern.祖母Lesson21Whichbook?[詞匯]〔3givev.給onepron.一個(gè)which 哪一個(gè)[語法]動(dòng)詞的雙賓語：buymeabook=buyabookformeGivemeabook.=Giveabooktome.雙賓語中通常物是直接賓語,人是間接賓語[課文]MAN: Givemeabookplease,Jane.WOMAN: Whichbook?Thisone?MAN: No,notthatone. Theredone.WOMAN: Thisone?MAN: Yes,please.WOMAN: Hereyouare.MAN: Thankyou.Lesson22Giveme/him/her/us/thema…Whichone?[詞匯]〔14emptyadj.空的fulladj.滿的largeadj.大的littleadj.小的sharpadj.尖的,鋒利的bluntadj.鈍的box<boxes>n.盒子,箱子glass<glasses>n.杯子cup<cups>n.茶杯bottle<bottles>n.瓶子tin<tins>n.罐頭knife<knives>n.刀子fork<forks>n.叉子spoon<spoons>n.勺子★largeadj.大的★bigadj.大的large僅指物理量值的大,主要指體積、面積、形狀、數(shù)量方面的大,修飾人時(shí)指個(gè)子大。small的反義詞。Lookatthatlargewomaninwhite.big所表示的大,主要指不僅體積大而且很重,在修飾人時(shí),主要指大人物,但個(gè)子未必高大。She’sverybiginthefilmdom.她在電影界中是個(gè)響當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)娜宋铩！仓覆粌H成功,而且具有很大的影響力★littleadj.小的★smalladj.小的small指物理量值的小或少,是large的反義詞,不帶什么感情色彩。Iwantthesmallonewiththeyellowhandle.little也表示小或少,但有小而可愛的感情色彩,是big的反義詞。Shehasthesweetestlittlesmiles.★glassn.杯子①n.玻璃杯或有腳的玻璃杯②n.杯中物,酒Hehashadaglasstoomuch.他多喝了一杯〔喝醉了。I’dliketoenjoyaglassnowandthen.我喜歡不時(shí)喝點(diǎn)酒?！颿upn.杯子①n.杯子〔一般帶柄,用于盛熱飲或咖啡Ihaveabeautifulsetofteacups.②n.一杯飲料,一杯咖啡YoucangetagoodcupatLucy’sCafé.Lesson23Whichglasses?[詞匯]〔2onprep.在……之上shelfn.架子,擱板ontheshelf[語法]定語：定語：是修飾限定的成份,做定語的詞一般是形容詞,但也可用介詞短語或定語從句做定語。介詞短語做后置定語：abookonthedesk定語從句：ThisistheboyIsawyesterday.在英語中,形容詞修飾名詞時(shí),修飾成份放在名詞前面,但由一個(gè)介詞短語或句子修飾名詞時(shí),這個(gè)修飾成份應(yīng)放在名詞的后面。[課文]MAN:Givemesomeglassesplease,Jane.WOMAN:Whichglasses?Theseglasses?MAN:No,notthose.Theonesontheshelf.WOMAN: These?MAN:Yes,please.WOMAN: Hereyouare.MAN: Thanks.Lesson24Giveme/him/her/us/themsome…[詞匯]〔12deskn.課桌tablen.桌子platen.盤子cupboardn.食櫥cigaretten.香煙televisionn.電視機(jī)floorn.地板onthefloordressingtable n.梳妝臺(tái)magazinen.雜志bedn.床newspapern.報(bào)紙stereon.立體聲音響★deskn.課桌★tablen.桌子desk通常指有抽屜的桌子,用于辦公、讀書、寫字等,即"書桌"、"寫字臺(tái)"、"辦公桌"Heisworkingathisdesk.他正在自己的書桌前用功。table通常指由若干條腿支撐著的平板,沒有抽屜,即"餐桌"、"會(huì)議桌"、"工作臺(tái)"、"手術(shù)臺(tái)"等。I’vebookedatablefortwoat7.00.Theysatroundthetalbeandmadethisbigdecision.他們圍坐在會(huì)議桌旁,作出了這個(gè)重大的決定。Lesson25Mrs.Smith'sKitchen[詞匯]〔10Mrs. 夫人kitchenn.廚房refrigeratorn.電冰箱rightn.右邊electricadj.帶電的,可通電的leftn.左邊cookern.爐子,炊具middlen.中間ofprep.〔屬于……的roomn.房間★cookern.爐子,炊具在英文中炊事員用cook。[課文]Mrs.Smith'skitchenissmall.Thereisarefrigeratorinthekitchen.Therefrigeratoriswhite.Itisontheright.Thereisanelectriccookerinthekitchen.Thecookerisblue.Itisontheleft.Thereisatableinthemiddleoftheroom.Thereisabottleonthetable.Thebottleisempty.Thereisacuponthetable,too.Thecupisclean.Lesson26Whereisit?[詞匯]〔2whereadv.在哪里inprep.在…里L(fēng)esson27Mrs.Smith'slivingroom[詞匯]〔7livingroom 客廳nearprep.靠近widown.窗戶armchairn.扶手椅doorn.門nearthedoorpicturen.圖畫walln.墻onthewall★livingroom客廳living生活★nearprep.靠近①adj.靠近的,接近的②adj.關(guān)系接近的,親近的Sheisnearfrinedofmine.Myuncleisnearestrelation.③adj.近似的,幾乎的Thepicturemaynotbeanexactreplicabutitsprettynear.這幅畫也許不是一模一樣的復(fù)制品,但是已酷似原作了?！飛idown.窗戶win贏wind吹風(fēng)★armchairn.扶手椅chairman主席presidentn.總統(tǒng)[語法]some,any一些：some和any跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)或者是不可數(shù)名詞；some表示"某些但不是全部",通常用于肯定句中,在表示征求對(duì)方意見,并且希望得到肯定的答復(fù)時(shí)也可以用于疑問句。Haveyougotsomepaper-clipsinthatbox?〔回形針Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?你想喝點(diǎn)什么嗎？any表示不確定的數(shù)量,通常用在含有not或-n’t的否定句中,也用于表示不確定答案是肯定還是否定,或用于預(yù)料得到的回答是No的疑問句。[課文]Mrs.Smith'slivingroomislarge.Thereisatelevisionintheroom.Thetelevisionisnearthewindow.Therearesomemagazinesonthetelevision.Thereisatableintheroom.Therearesomenewspapersonthetable.Therearesomearmchairsintheroom.Thearmchairsarenearthetable.Thereisastereointheroom.Thestereoisnearthedoor.Therearesomebooksonthestereo.Therearesomepicturesintheroom.Thepicturesareonthewall.Lesson28Wherearethey?[詞匯]〔1trousersn.長褲Lesson29Comein,Amy?[詞匯]〔11shutv.關(guān)門bedroomn.臥室untidyadj.亂,不整齊mustmodalverb必須,應(yīng)該openv.打開airv.使…通風(fēng),換換空氣putv.放置clothesn.衣服wardrobe[]n.大衣柜dustv.撣掉灰塵土sweepv.掃★untidyadj.亂,不整齊un-前綴,表示否定；tityadj.整齊的,干凈的happy——unhappy不幸福的lucky——unlucky不幸的known——unknown未知的★airv.使…通風(fēng),換換空氣①n.空氣,新鮮空氣Let’sgooutandbreathesomefreshair.②n.空中,空間Helikestostayintheopenair.他喜歡在戶外呆著。③v.晾〔衣服、被褥等；使通風(fēng)Leavethetrousersonthewashing-linetoair.把褲子掛到晾衣繩上去晾干?！飀ustv.撣掉灰塵土★sweepv.用笤帚掃地dust①v.撣掉……上的灰塵；②n.灰塵clearadj.清晰的v.清除cleanadj.清潔的,干凈的v.使……干凈〔不管用什么方法cleansev.用水徹底把……弄干凈wipev.用抹布去擦[語法]情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示人的情感、狀態(tài)或情緒變化的一種助動(dòng)詞,它本身具有實(shí)際意義。2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)做謂語,只能和后面的原形動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。3情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)格的變化。4含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子,否定句在它后面加not,一般疑問句把它提前。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的用法：must是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,表示"必須"、"應(yīng)當(dāng)",與haveto相似,表示不可逃避的義務(wù)。在說話人看來,沒有選擇的余地。但must帶有個(gè)人色彩,表示說話人的主觀意圖。表示個(gè)人感情時(shí)通常用must。Youmust…〔你必須……表示說話人說/認(rèn)為……是必要的。Youmustopenthewindow.Youmustn'topenthewindow?MustIopenthewindow?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't.[課文]MRS.JONES:Comein,Amy.Shutthedoor,please.MRS.JONES: Thisbedroom'sveryuntidy.AMY: WhatmustIdo,Mrs.Jones?MRS.JONES: Openthewindowandairtheroom.Thenputtheseclothesinthewardrobe.MRS.JONES: Thenmakethebed.MRS.JONES: Dustthedressingtable.Thensweepthefloor.Lesson30WhatmustIdo?[詞匯]〔7emptyv.倒空,使…變空readv.讀sharpenv.削尖,使鋒利puton 穿上takeoff 脫掉turnon 開〔電燈turnoff 關(guān)〔電燈★emptyadj.空的①v.使空；把……倒出〔移出Theyemptiedthehouse.他們把房屋搬空了。②v.流出；走出Theriveremptieditselfintothesea.河水流入大海。Itwasraining,andthestreetsbegantoempty.天下起了雨,街上的行人開始稀少了。③adj.空的Herpurseisempty.她的錢包是空的。④adj.空虛的,無意義的It’sanemptydream.這是個(gè)不現(xiàn)實(shí)的夢(mèng)想。Officialswereflatteredbyemptycomplements.官員們被空洞的恭維話弄得心里美滋滋的。⑤adj.呆板的,毫無表情的Shelookedathimwithemptyeyes.她木然地看著他。Hesaidallthisinanemptyvoice.他用一種呆板聲調(diào)說了這一切。Lesson31Where'sSally?[詞匯]〔10gardenn.花園underprep.在……這下treen.樹climbv.爬,攀登whopron.誰runv.跑grassn.草,草地afterprep.在……之后acrossprep.橫過,穿過catn.貓★climbv.爬,攀登①v.攀登,攀爬〔樹、山等②v.逐步上升〔增長Thetemperatureisclimbingsteadily.溫度正在慢慢地平穩(wěn)上升。Thepriceofgoldclimbedback.金價(jià)逐漸回升了。③v.〔在社會(huì)地位等方面往上爬Heistryinghardtoclimbtothetopofthesocialladder.他正努力爬到社會(huì)的最頂層。Hehasclimbedtoaveryhighpositioninhisfield.他已在自己的領(lǐng)域中爬到了一個(gè)很高的位置?！飏unv.跑①v.跑,奔跑runacrossthegrass：跑過草地②v.流動(dòng)；流出Thecurrentisrunningstrong.水流湍急。Hereyesranwithtears.她落淚了。③

v.追趕；追逐；追求runafter：追逐Manyyoungmenarerunningafterthatgirl.許多年輕人在追求那個(gè)姑娘。[語法]時(shí)態(tài)：共十六種時(shí)態(tài),時(shí)態(tài)是通過動(dòng)詞變化來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。學(xué)習(xí)方法：1首先了解概念2時(shí)態(tài)——?jiǎng)釉~變化規(guī)則、時(shí)間的狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：1、概念①表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或者發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情②表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生,但說話的此刻動(dòng)作不一定進(jìn)行③可以表示將來〔多用于移動(dòng)性動(dòng)詞,并且后面要加將來的時(shí)間移動(dòng)性動(dòng)詞：go/come/return/move2、結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定句：S.+be+v.-ing否定句：S.+be+not+v.-ing一般疑問句：Be+S.+v.-ing?回答：Yes,S.+be/No,S.+be+not特殊疑問句：What+be+S.+v.-ing?3、動(dòng)詞變化：V-ing4、時(shí)間：now[課文]JEAN: Where'sSally,Jack?JACK: She'sinthegarden,Jean.JEAN: What'sshedoing?JACK: She'ssittingunderthetree.JEAN: IsTiminthegarden,too?JACK: Yes,heis.He'sclimbingthetree.JEAN: Ibegyourpardon?Who'sclimbingthetree?JACK: Timis.JEAN: Whataboutthedog?JACK: Thedog'sinthegarden,too. It'srunningacrossthegrass. It'srunningafteracat.Lesson32What'she/she/itdoing?[詞匯]〔12typev.打字lettern.信basketn.籃子eatv.吃bonen.骨頭cleanv.清洗toothn.〔復(fù)數(shù)teeth牙齒cookv.做〔飯菜milkn.牛奶mealn.飯,一頓飯drinkv.喝tapn.〔水龍頭★cookv.做〔飯菜①v.烹調(diào)；煮,燒Shecookedalovelymealforherhusband.Thebeefisnotcookedenough.牛肉煮得不夠熟。②n.廚子,炊事員Tomworksasacookinalocalrestaurant.Mydadisreallyagoodcook.Lesson33Afineday[詞匯]〔15dayn.日子cloudn.云skyn.天空intheskysunn.太陽shinev.照耀sunshinewithprep.和……在一起familyn.家庭〔成員walkv.走路,步行overprep.跨越,在……之上bridgen.橋boatn.船rivern.河shipn.輪船aeroplanen.飛機(jī)flyv.飛★dayn.日子Sunday：[]星期天Monday：星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday：星期三Thursday：星期四Friday：星期五Saturday：星期六★withprep.和……在一起bewith：和……在一起Mrs.Liuiswiththosechildren.★walkv.走路,步行walkover：走過Theyarewalkingoverthebridge.onfoot步行〔介詞短語Theyaregoingtoschoolonfoot.★boatn.船★shipn.輪船boat指河中行駛的小船,ship一般指海洋中行駛的大船。★aeroplanen.飛機(jī)飛機(jī)正式用語：aeroplane〔英語、airplane〔美語；非正式用語：plane[課文]Itisafinedaytoday.Therearesomecloudsinthesky,butthesunisshining.Mr.Jonesiswithhisfamily.Theyarewalkingoverthebridge.Therearesomeboatsontheriver.Mr.Jonesandhiswifearelookingatthem.Sallyislookingatabigship.Theshipisgoingunderthebridge.Timislookingatanaeroplane.Theaeroplaneisflyingovertheriver.[課文注釋]Mr.Jonesiswithhisfamily.句中with是介詞,表示"和……一起"。family指"家里的人"或"家庭成員"。Lesson34Whataretheydoing?[詞匯]〔6sleepv.睡覺shavev.刮臉cryv.哭,喊washv.洗waitv.等jumpv.跳★sleepv.睡覺①v.睡覺IwassoexcitedthatIcouldhardlysleep.②n.睡眠；睡覺Hehadagoodsleeplastnight.★jumpv.跳①v.跳躍；躍過Theyjumpedoffthewallandranoff.他們從墻上跳下去跑掉了。②v.略去；跳過Hejumpedthefirstgradeincollege.他跳過大學(xué)一年級(jí)〔指跳級(jí)直接升入二年級(jí)。③v.突然上升；猛增Theyjumpedtheregistrationfeesfrom20to50.他們把注冊(cè)費(fèi)從20漲到50。Hiscompany’sprofitsjumpedsurprisinglylastyear.他所在公司去年的利潤令人驚異地飛速增加。[語法]動(dòng)詞+ing的規(guī)則：1、一般的詞直接加-ing：read——reading2、以-e結(jié)尾,要去掉-e,然后再加-ing：shave——shaving以-ee結(jié)尾,直接加-ing：see——seeing3、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞,末尾如果只有一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫輔音字母,然后再加-ing：sit——sitting重讀閉音節(jié)：一般單音節(jié)都為重讀閉音節(jié)：五個(gè)元音字母在單詞里,發(fā)本身的字母音是開音節(jié),如果不是發(fā)本身的字母音就是閉音節(jié)。4、一般雙音節(jié)重讀音節(jié)必須在第二個(gè)音節(jié),第二個(gè)音節(jié)里有一個(gè)元音和輔音的單詞要雙寫,加ing。enter——entering；refer——referringLesson35Ourvillage[詞匯]〔14photographn.照片villagen.村莊valleyn.山谷betweenprep.在……之間hilln.小山anotherdet.另一個(gè)wifen.妻子alongprep.沿著bankn.河岸watern.水swimv.游泳buildingn.大樓,建筑物parkn.公園intoprep.進(jìn)入★photographn.照片Iwanttotakeaphoto.picture照片〔美takeaphotograph/pictureofsb.給某人拍照"……的"用of,無生命的東西表示所屬aphotographofacity/ourvillage★hilln.小山hill：不高的小山丘mount：名山,山的專有名詞mountain：大型的,高山range：山區(qū),山脈,連綿起伏的群山★watern.水〔不可數(shù)名詞waters水域★swimv.游泳goswimming去游泳★parkn.公園v.停車Noparking.不許停車[語法]短語動(dòng)詞：短語動(dòng)詞通常是指后面常跟一個(gè)介詞或副詞短語的動(dòng)詞,即動(dòng)詞+介詞或副詞小品詞。英語〔特別是非正式的、慣用的英語中存在著一種用動(dòng)詞短語代替與其同義的單個(gè)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)烈趨勢(shì)。最常見的短語動(dòng)詞是由英語中最短小和最簡單的動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的,這些動(dòng)詞常與表示位置或方向的詞組合,如along,down,in,off,on,out,over,under等。而且一個(gè)短語本身也可能有幾種不同的意義?！飃ointo①走進(jìn)；進(jìn)入②進(jìn)入；介入They’regoingintothebusinessworld.他們正步入商界?！飐iton①坐在……上②拖延〔口語；壓下Theyaretryingtositonthebadnewsaslongaspossible.他們正試圖盡可能拖延時(shí)間不把這個(gè)壞消息講出去。★runalong①沿著……跑Thedogsarerunningalongtheriverbanks.②離開；走開It’sgettingdark,wemustrunalong.天黑了,我們得走了。[課文]Thisisaphotographofourvillage.Ourvillageisinavalley.Itisbetweentwohills.Thevillageisonariver.Hereisanotherphotographofthevillage.MywifeandIarewalkingalongthebanksoftheriver.Weareontheleft.Thereisaboyinthewater.Heisswimmingacrosstheriver.Hereisanotherphotograph.Thisistheschoolbuilding.Itisbesideapark.Theparkisontheright.Somechildrenarecomingoutofthebuilding.Someofthemaregoingintothepark.Lesson36Where…？[詞匯]〔2besideprep.在……旁offprep.離開L