專題20 議論文七選五

2020年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和題型考前一遍過(guò)20說(shuō)明文七選五步驟內(nèi)容（數(shù)量）Parti真題再現(xiàn)2019全國(guó)卷12018全國(guó)卷12017全國(guó)卷1Part2考點(diǎn)梳理技巧點(diǎn)撥Part3模擬在線Part1真題再現(xiàn)真題一【2019?全國(guó)I】IsFreshAirReallyGoodforYou?Weallgrewuphearingpeopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair."36Accordingtorecentstudies，theanswerisabigYES，iftheairqualityinyourcampingareaisgood.37 Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogofcities-thentheairisfilledwithlife-giving，energizingoxygen.Ifyouexerciseoutofdoors，yourbodywilllearntobreathemoredeeply,allowingevenmoreoxygentogettoyourmuscles肌肉）andyourbrain.Recently,peoplehavebegunstudyingtheconnectionbetweenthenaturalworldandhealing胎愈）. 38 Intheseplacespatientscangotobenearnatureduringtheirrecovery.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood（情緒）.Greeneryisgoodforus.HospitalpatientsWhoseetreebranchesouttheirwindowarelikelytorecoveratafasterratethanpatientswhoseebuildingsorskyinstead. 39 Itgivesusagreatfeelingofpeace.40Whilethesun'srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveisbeneficialVitaminD.TomakesureyougetenoughVitaminD—butstillprotectyourskin—putonsunscreenrightasyouheadoutside.Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking,andthat'splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday'sworthofVitaminD.Freshaircleansourlungs.BSowhatareyouwaitingfor?Beinginnaturerefreshesus.Anothersidebenefitofgettingfreshairissunlight.Butisfreshairreallyasgoodforyouasyourmotheralwayssaid?Justasimportantly,wetendtoassociateairwithhealthcare.Allacrossthecountry,recoverycentershavebegunbuildingHealingGardens.答案E37.A38.G39.C40.D【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了新鮮空氣的好處。新鮮空氣中的氧氣，陽(yáng)光對(duì)人們的身心健康均有好處。人們已經(jīng)開(kāi)始利用大自然和治愈疾病的關(guān)系，建造“康復(fù)花園”，治療病人。E根據(jù)下一句中“theanswerisabigYES”可知，該空應(yīng)該是一個(gè)一般疑問(wèn)句，選項(xiàng)中只有E選項(xiàng)是一般疑問(wèn)句?？涨暗膒eopletellusto“gooutandgetsomefreshair”和選項(xiàng)中的"yourmotheralwayssaid”呼應(yīng)。A該空格為主題句。根據(jù)空格后下一句"Iftheairyou'rebreathingisclean-whichitwouldbeifyou'reawayfromthesmogof...”以及本段內(nèi)容可知，本部分主要講述新鮮空氣可以清洗我們的肺部，A項(xiàng)符合題意。G根據(jù)下一句中提到的“theseplaces”可以推知，該空應(yīng)該提到表示地點(diǎn)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。選項(xiàng)中只有G選項(xiàng)提至『康復(fù)花園”這一類地點(diǎn)名詞，theseplaces就是指HealingGardens。C前文介紹的是“康復(fù)花園”中的綠色植物對(duì)于病人康復(fù)的好的作用空后提到“它給我們一種平和感”。該空起承上啟下的作用，仍然要提到處于"康復(fù)花園"這種自然環(huán)境中的好處，空后的it也要指代這種情況。C選項(xiàng)指出身處大自然可以使人精神煥發(fā)符合題意。D由下文中提到的“thesun'srays...giveusbeneficialVitaminD，可知，該段介紹的陽(yáng)光的好處。故該選項(xiàng)應(yīng)該提到陽(yáng)光。D選項(xiàng)指出獲得新鮮空氣的另一個(gè)好處是陽(yáng)光符合題意。真題二【2019全國(guó)卷3】答案真題三【2019?全國(guó)II】根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Imagineachildstandingonadivingboardfourfeethighandaskinghimselfthequestion:“ShouldIjump?Thisiswhatmotivationorthelackofitcando.Motivationandgoalsettingarethetwosidesofsamecoin.36Likethechildonthedivingboard,youwillstayundecided.37Morethanthat,howshouldyoustaymotivatedtoachievethegoal?First,youneedtoevaluateyourself,yourvaluesyourstrengths,yourweaknesses,yourachievements,yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyouryou'reyourgoalsYoualsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepthofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant,becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourcommitment.Therearetimeswhenyourheartisnotinyourwork.38So,slowdownandthinkwhatyoureallywanttodoatthatmoment.Clarity（青晰）ofthoughtscanhelpyoumoveforward.Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives,keepinginmindyourbeliefs,valuesandstrengths.Rememberthatgoalsareflexible.39Theyalsoneedtobemeasurable.Youmustkeepthesepointsinmindwhilesettingyourgoals.Yourpersonalcircumstancesareequallyimportant.Forexample,youmaywanttobeaPilotbutcan'tbecomeonebecauseyoureyesightisnotgoodenough.40Youshouldreassessyourgoals,andmotivateyourselftosetafreshgoal.Youwillsurelyneedtoovercomesomedifficulties,someplanned,butmostunplanned.Youcannotovercomethemwithoutamplemotivation.Makesurethatyouplanforthesedifficultiesatthetimeofsettingyourgoals.Thiscanaffectyourwork.Sohowshouldyoumotivateyourself?However,thisshouldnotdiscourageyou.Sowhyshouldwetrytosetspecificgoals?Theycanchangeaccordingtocircumstances.Motivationiswhatyouneedmosttodoagoodjob.Withoutmotivationyoucanneithersetagoalnorreachit答案36.G37.B38.A39.E40.C【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。文章作者對(duì)于怎樣設(shè)定具體目標(biāo)，給出了一些方法。G【答案與解析】考查上下文的語(yǔ)境理解。上文說(shuō)“動(dòng)機(jī)和目標(biāo)設(shè)定是同一枚硬幣的兩面”。下文說(shuō)“就像孩子在跳水臺(tái)，難以決定"。該空承上啟下，G選項(xiàng)"沒(méi)有目標(biāo)，你就既不能設(shè)定目標(biāo)，也無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)它"切題，故選G。B【答案與解析】考查上下文的語(yǔ)境理解。下文說(shuō)“不僅如此，你應(yīng)該如何為實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)保持積極性"。該空引出下文，B選項(xiàng)“那么你應(yīng)該如何激勵(lì)自己呢"切題，故選B。A【答案與解析】考查上下文的語(yǔ)境理解。上文說(shuō)侑時(shí)候你的心不在工作上”，下文說(shuō)"所以，減慢速度,想一想那時(shí)候，你到底想干什么”。該空承上啟下，A選項(xiàng)“這會(huì)影響你的工作"切題，故選A。會(huì)根據(jù)環(huán)境的改變而改變”切題，故選E。40.C【答案與解析】考查上下文的語(yǔ)境理解。上文說(shuō)“你可能想當(dāng)一名飛行員，但是不能成為一名飛行員，因?yàn)槟愕囊暳Σ粔蚝?。”下文說(shuō)“你應(yīng)該重新評(píng)估你的目標(biāo)，并且設(shè)定一個(gè)新的目標(biāo)”。該空承上啟下，C選項(xiàng)“然而，這也不要使你沮喪”切題，故選C。真題三Nowadaysalongwiththeboomingofcomputerscience,computersarewidelyusedhereandthere.Peopleevencanfindcomputersinmostclassrooms.Whileteachersremainmoreorlessthesame,computersaredoublinginspeedandcapabilityeveryfouryears.16AsfarasIamconcerned,teachersstillplayamajorroleandarestillofgreatimportance.17_Howeveradvancedtheymaybe,computersarenothingmorethanhumaninventionsprogrammedtoperformcertaintasks.Theyareunabletodealwithstudentswithdifferentbackground.Needlesstosay,aclassroomisaplacewhereindividualattentionandcreativitymattermost.Therefore,computersarenobetterthanothertoolsusedbyteachersandcouldn'tpossiblymaketherolesplayedbythemweaker.Intermsofaccuracyandtheamountofinformation,computersoutshinehumans.18__Indeed,agoodteacherorganizesandinspiresthestudents.Besides,theinteractionbetweenstudentsandteachersisvitalforthelearning.Accordingtomosteducationauthorities,reallearningoccursduringthediscussionandsharingofideaswithone'steacherandclassmates.Moreover,ateacheristheretomonitoreveryslightchangeinstudents'attitude,torespondtoandencouragethemwhenevertheyshowsignsoffrustrationandimpatience.19Despitetheincreasingpresenceofcomputersinsideclassrooms,teachersarejustasessential,ifnotmoreso,asinstructorswereinthepast.20A.It'stimethatteachersshoulddevelopthemselves.Withoutthiskindofinteraction,educationisunimaginable.Advancedascomputersmaybe,someteachersarelessimpatient.Buttomakeagoodteachermeansfarmorethanbeinganencyclopedia（百科全書(shū)）.Peoplecan'thelpwonderingwhetherteachersareasimportantastheyoncewere.F.Somedrawbacksmakeitimpossibleforcomputerstoreplaceteachersinclassrooms.G.Itiswellknownthatcomputersarebetteratrepetitiveworkbutincapableofcreativethinking.答案【答案】16.E 17.G18.D19.B20.F這是一篇議論文。隨著計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)的蓬勃發(fā)展，計(jì)算機(jī)在國(guó)內(nèi)外得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。人們甚至可以在大多數(shù)教室里找到電腦。雖然教師幾乎保持不變，但計(jì)算機(jī)的速度和能力每四年翻一番。人們不禁想知道教師是否和以前一樣重要。就作者而言，教師仍然扮演著重要的角色，而且仍然很重要?！?6題詳解】由第一段“Whileteachersremainmoreorlessthesame,computersaredoublinginspeedandcapabilityeveryfouryears.1AsfarasIamconcerned,teachersstillplayamajorroleandarestillofgreatimportance”可知，雖然教師幾乎保持不變，但計(jì)算機(jī)的速度和能力每四年翻一番。就我而言，教師仍然扮演著重要的角色，而且仍然很重要。所以小題1在句中起著承上啟下的作用。故E選項(xiàng)“人們不禁想知道教師是否和以前一樣重要”符合句意。故E選項(xiàng)切題?！?7題詳解】由第二段“HHoweveradvancedtheymaybe,computersarenothingmorethanhumaninventionsprogrammedtoperformcertaintasks.”可知，無(wú)論計(jì)算機(jī)多么先進(jìn)，它不過(guò)是為完成某些任務(wù)而設(shè)計(jì)的人類發(fā)明。所以小題2與后一句為承接關(guān)系，來(lái)說(shuō)明計(jì)算機(jī)不可能超越人類的思維，它不過(guò)是為完成某些任務(wù)而設(shè)計(jì)的人類發(fā)明。故G選項(xiàng)“所周知，計(jì)算機(jī)擅長(zhǎng)重復(fù)工作，但不具備創(chuàng)造性思維能力”符合句意。故G選項(xiàng)切題?！?8題詳解】由第三段“Intermsofaccuracyandtheamountofinformation,computersoutshinehumans”可知，在準(zhǔn)確性和信息量方面，計(jì)算機(jī)比人類聰明。所以小題3要與前句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，以此來(lái)引出下一句。故D選項(xiàng)“但要成為一名好教師，遠(yuǎn)不止是一本百科全書(shū)”符合句意。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?9題詳解】由第五段“Moreover,ateacheristheretomonitoreveryslightchangeinstudents'attitude,torespondtoandencouragethemwhenevertheyshowsignsoffrustrationandimpatience.”可知，此外，教師還負(fù)責(zé)監(jiān)督學(xué)生態(tài)度的每一個(gè)細(xì)微變化，每當(dāng)他們表現(xiàn)出沮喪和不耐煩的跡象時(shí)，就對(duì)他們做出回應(yīng)和鼓勵(lì)。所以小題4對(duì)比性地說(shuō)明沒(méi)有這種互動(dòng)，教育是不可想象的。故B選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有這種互動(dòng)，教育是不可想象的”符合句意。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?0題詳解】由最后段“Despitetheincreasingpresenceofcomputersinsideclassrooms,teachersarejustasessential,ifnotmoreso,asinstructorswereinthepast”可知，盡管教室里的電腦越來(lái)越多，但教師和過(guò)去的教師一樣重要，甚至更重要。所以小題5要總結(jié)性地表明自己的觀點(diǎn)既有些缺點(diǎn)使計(jì)算機(jī)無(wú)法取代教室里的教師。故F選項(xiàng)“有些缺點(diǎn)使計(jì)算機(jī)無(wú)法取代教室里的教師”符合句意。故F選項(xiàng)切題。Part2考點(diǎn)梳理（技巧點(diǎn)撥）高考英語(yǔ)七選五做題步驟1） 在閱讀過(guò)程中，重要要關(guān)注文章的首段與末段。尤其是文章的這兩段的末尾句，因?yàn)椤伴_(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山”與“末尾點(diǎn)題”的寫(xiě)作方式是最為常見(jiàn)的，首段的末句一般是全文的主題所在，說(shuō)明本文將探討哪些內(nèi)容，并簡(jiǎn)要指出文章的寫(xiě)作思路，有時(shí)甚至?xí)蕴峋V的形式進(jìn)行呈現(xiàn)。首段的末句對(duì)于快速掌握文章的主題具有重要意義，如果它是文章的主題句，就可以使讀者迅速明確文章情節(jié)將如何展開(kāi)，并對(duì)文章的寫(xiě)作主題有了整體的了解。如果末句不是主題句，則需要繼續(xù)尋找。這時(shí)，可以考慮文章的寫(xiě)作方式是否為“結(jié)尾總結(jié)”式，如兩者均可排除，則需在文章中其他段落尋找主題句，但要注意首段與末段的提示作用。2） 做題的時(shí)候邊讀邊做。各個(gè)問(wèn)題附近的句子都需要重點(diǎn)閱讀，圈畫(huà)一些線索粗，再?gòu)倪x項(xiàng)中尋找相關(guān)的特征詞用來(lái)判斷正確答案。帶入排除法也是一種很好的方法。另外，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)有一題拿不準(zhǔn)的，先跳過(guò)，先做容易的能做出的題，直到讀完整篇文章。至此，文章的要點(diǎn)和主旨、各個(gè)段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該基本就能清楚了。然后再回過(guò)去做之前不確定的題目。3） 做完后，通讀全文。將所選項(xiàng)放入空白處，通讀一遍，看看是否與上下文構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義及邏輯上的直接關(guān)系，是否符合該處語(yǔ)境。能否承接前后的寫(xiě)作線索。使文章無(wú)論內(nèi)容還是銜接上都能做到通順。若代入選項(xiàng)后，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章寫(xiě)作線索中斷或是前后矛盾，應(yīng)更換其它選項(xiàng)。同時(shí)，我們還應(yīng)注意對(duì)相近選項(xiàng)的對(duì)比分析，個(gè)別干擾項(xiàng)由于與某個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容相近具有很強(qiáng)的干擾性，這時(shí)就需要我們認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)甄別，排除干擾，從而得出正確選項(xiàng)。4） 切勿隨意改答案。要特別注意的是，不要倉(cāng)促的改自己的之前選定的答案。做這類的題目時(shí)，第一印象的可信度還是很高的，除非你已經(jīng)常有充分的理由否定向前的選擇。解題策略1） 從意思上判斷在做題時(shí)最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，正確理解了這些句子后，根據(jù)意思的連貫性、邏輯性或者線索詞從選項(xiàng)中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎(chǔ)上，再利用線索特征詞等進(jìn)一步確認(rèn)答案。2） 從詞匯上鎖定線索做保持對(duì)一些線索詞的敏感是非常重要的，要好好關(guān)注空白前后的名詞和動(dòng)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找它們的近義詞、反義詞、同義詞、同類詞等。其次是一些專有名詞，比如說(shuō)數(shù)詞、代詞、時(shí)間、年代、地點(diǎn)/名稱等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。3）從關(guān)聯(lián)詞作為切入點(diǎn)通常，英語(yǔ)的句段之間經(jīng)常會(huì)運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)詞表示過(guò)渡和銜接，讓文章的思路與更清楚、邏輯更連貫，因此文章中和選項(xiàng)中表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的路標(biāo)性信號(hào)詞在選擇答案時(shí)都是很重要的線索。在做題時(shí)可將這三個(gè)層面的線索很好地結(jié)合起來(lái)。例如，在看到表示并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞時(shí)，一般表示前后句子的名詞或句意具有同指性;而表示轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系的詞則往往表示前后句子的名詞同指，但句意對(duì)立，或褒貶對(duì)立或肯否對(duì)立;而表示例證關(guān)系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之后有表述概念或某一觀點(diǎn)的句子，往往會(huì)有復(fù)數(shù)名詞出現(xiàn)。以下四類為常用的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，請(qǐng)大家一定要背熟：（i） 并列與遞進(jìn)：and,or,also,neither,,nor,,,either,,or,“l(fā)ikewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame?as,besides,additionally,furthermore,moreover,inadditionto,whatismore（ii） 因果：because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,so,that,consequently,accordingly,dueto,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,inthat,forthisreason,ofcourse（iii） 轉(zhuǎn)折讓步：but,however,yet,onthecontrary,bycontrast,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,whereas,unlike,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse,although,though,eventhough,evenif,nevertheless,despite,inspiteof（ii）時(shí)間順序：afterwards,atfirst,atlast,finally,first,firstly,inthefirstplace,tostartwithinthemeantime,last,later,next,second,secondly,then,third,thirdly,tobeginwith以及一些具體的時(shí)間。注意：試題的位置不同，解題策略也不同1）若問(wèn)題在段首（i）通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀該段落，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)詞或者同義詞，從而推測(cè)出主題句，找到答案。（ii）與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。一般來(lái)說(shuō)正確答案與它后面的一句話的在意思上是銜接的，所以通常情況下，這兩句話中會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。（iii）段落間的過(guò)渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來(lái)，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。2）若問(wèn)題在段尾（i）空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。（ii）通常是結(jié)論、概括性語(yǔ)句。要注意表示總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,hence,thus,tosumup,toconclude,inshort,inaword等詞語(yǔ)，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。（iii）與前文是轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系。此時(shí)要注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示轉(zhuǎn)折、對(duì)比的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，同時(shí)注意選項(xiàng)中所講內(nèi)容是否與前文在同一主題上形成對(duì)立、對(duì)比關(guān)系。（vi）與前文是并列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說(shuō)明本段主題的其他細(xì)節(jié)，因此根據(jù)段落一致性原則，在原文和選項(xiàng)中找到相關(guān)的特征詞，通常在選項(xiàng)中會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示并列/遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他信號(hào)線索。前面的一句與正確答案的第一句是緊密相連的。要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常會(huì)找到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句。（i）所選答案是引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在選項(xiàng)中找不出與前文之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，此時(shí)可考慮與下一段開(kāi)頭是否有一定的銜接。認(rèn)真閱讀下一段開(kāi)頭幾句，看是否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來(lái)°（iv）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要認(rèn)真閱讀，看此處是細(xì)節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會(huì)用一些信號(hào)詞如轉(zhuǎn)折詞引出來(lái)，正確答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。3）若問(wèn)題是一整個(gè)自然段（i）承上啟下是這個(gè)段落的主要任務(wù)，且自成一體，所以會(huì)有一個(gè)該段落主旨。考生可以從選項(xiàng)中較長(zhǎng)的選項(xiàng)開(kāi)始閱讀，以此類推直至找到正確答案。（ii）著重閱讀前一段結(jié)尾和后一段開(kāi)頭的一兩句查找相關(guān)的線索，而且重要線索通常會(huì)在后一段開(kāi)頭，因此后一段開(kāi)頭往往比前一段結(jié)尾更為重要。（iii）分析段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系及內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意段落間的銜接手段。將選項(xiàng)代入原文，如果前后內(nèi)容連貫，符合邏輯，就能得出正確答案。Part3模擬在線模擬一BEAGOODTOURISTTourismcanbebothgoodandbad.Yes,itbringsinmoneyforthelocaleconomyandcreateslotsofjobsforlocals,butitmayalsobringsomeproblems._16_Touristshaveusedpaint,rocks,orevenkeystowriteontheLuxorTempleinEgypt,theColosseuminRome,StonehengeintheUK,memorialstonesatthebottomofQomolangma,andmany,manyotherplaces.Thousandsoftouristssitesarebeingdestroyedbytouristswho"lovethemtodeath”, _17一 Ifyouwanttoleaveamarkontheworld,doitbychangingsomeone'slifewithkindnessandlove.Passkindnessalongtofuturegenerations,notdestruction.Anotherbigprobleminsomeplaceshasbeentouristsdisturbingthelocalpeopleandlife._18_Forexample,ChiangMaiUniversityinThailandandYonseiUniversityinSouthKoreahavegreatnumbersoftouristsvisitingtheircampusesandwalkingthroughtheirlibrariesandotherpublicareas,takingpicturesofstudentsanddisturbingtheirstudies.Ihavethreewordsfortouristslikethis:pleasebeconsiderate,_ _19__Thenumberofproblemsfromtouristsisendless:walkinginlargegroupswithoutconsideringotherswhoneedtowalkby,crossingroadswithoutobservinglocaltrafficlaws,andmanymore.Theonlywaytosolvetheissueoftheterribletourististomakesurethatyouarenotone!_20一_Remember,wheneveryoustepoutsideyourcountry'sborders,youarerepresentingyourcountrytotherestoftheworld.Justthinkfromotheraspects.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Havefuninawaythatdoesnotdisturbothers.Bethebest,kindest,mostpolitetouristpossible.Ihavethreewordsforpeoplelikethis:pleasestopit.Onegrowingproblemistouristswhowanttoprovethattheyhavevisitedsomeplace.Sometouristswanderaroundandtakepicturesoflocalpeoplewithoutaskingfortheirpermission.答案模擬-【答案】16.F 17.E18.G19.C 20.D【解析】這是一篇議論文。本文敘述中國(guó)人旅游過(guò)程中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的一些問(wèn)題，并針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題提出文明出游的正確做法。第一段最后提到游客也可能帶來(lái)一些問(wèn)題。第二段第一句有必要承上啟下講出第一個(gè)問(wèn)題，空格后具體提到了游客們?cè)诰包c(diǎn)寫(xiě)字。因此F項(xiàng)（一個(gè)日益嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題是游客們想證明他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)某個(gè)地方。）符合上下文語(yǔ)境，并且此句也和第三自然段的第一句話中的“anotherproblem”遙相呼應(yīng)。故選F。前文提到因?yàn)閬y寫(xiě)亂畫(huà)致使很多景點(diǎn)被破壞，所以此處是告誡人們“不要這樣做”，緊接著提出具體的建議。因此選項(xiàng)E（我對(duì)這樣的人要說(shuō)三個(gè)字：請(qǐng)停止。）符合上下文語(yǔ)意。這句也和第三段的“Ihavethreewords...”相呼應(yīng)。故選E。前文提到在一些地方，另一個(gè)大問(wèn)題是游客擾亂了當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳睢４颂帒?yīng)具體解釋游客如何擾亂了當(dāng)?shù)厝藗兊纳?。根?jù)后面Forexample介紹了發(fā)生在兩所大學(xué)的具體事例，選項(xiàng)G（一些游客在未經(jīng)允許的情況下四處游蕩，給當(dāng)?shù)厝伺恼?。）符合上下文語(yǔ)意。故選G。此處是對(duì)前面的“beconsiderate（要做到體貼他人）”作具體的解釋說(shuō)明，因此選項(xiàng)C（以不打擾他人的方式享受樂(lè)趣。）符合前文語(yǔ)意。故選Co20?前句強(qiáng)調(diào)確保自己不做“terribletourist（糟糕的游客）”，緊接著應(yīng)該說(shuō)明如何做一名合格的游客，并且與后面一句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系：因?yàn)槌鰢?guó)旅游代表的是自己國(guó)家的形象，所以D項(xiàng)（要盡可能成為最好、最友善、最有禮貌的游客。）符合上下文語(yǔ)意。故選Do模擬二Competitionisacommonphenomenoninoursociallife._16_Thereisconstantcompetitionfor

academicdegrees,jobs,customers,moneyandsoforth.Inasense,competitionisoneofthemotiveforcestothedevelopmentofsociety._17一Therefore,theonlywaytosurviveistobecompetitive.Growinginacompetitiveenvironmentisimportantforachildbecausefutureadultlifeisdifficult.Findingagoodjob,forexample,isanextremelycompetitiveactivity.Today,mostpeopleobtainknowledgethroughvariouswaysandalargenumberofpeoplegetgoodeducation._18_Thequalityofpeopleisrapidlyincreasing.Competitionismoreviolentthanwhatwethoughtitshouldbe.Thepotentiallysuccessfuljobapplicanthastobepreparedinstrongerpositionbygainingmorequalificationsandexperience.Inthesportscontests,thestrongestwillcomeoutaswinners.Inthebusinessworld,tobeatyourcompetitors,youmustbebetterthantheotheremployees.19__Thoughtheonlywayourworldrewardspeopleistogivehonortothewinners,nottothelosers,byattemptingtocompeteatdifferentactivities,wecanstilllearntowinandlose,gainexperienceandknowourstrengthsandweaknesses.Competitionpreparesusforthetoughthingsinlife.Whetheringames,instudyorinbusinessalike,theaimistowinthegame,thedegree,thetrophy,andthecontract. _20_一Otherwise,youwillbedefeated.Modernsocietydemandshigh-qualitytalents.Learningtobecompetitiveisclearlythebestpreparationforlife.Therearealsomanypeoplewhohavehigherdegreesintheirspecialfields.Childrenhavetolearntobecompetitiveinordertoadapttomodernsociety.Inthenaturalworld,theweakwillbereplacedbythestr