人教版初一英語下冊各單元知識點總結(jié)

10人教版初一英語下冊各單元學(xué)問點總結(jié)Unit1Canyouplaytheguitar?一、單詞與詞組Join:表示“參與，參加”，此處指參與社團或組織，成為其中的成員。Jointhearmy參軍jointheNBA參加美國籃球協(xié)會Jointheart/sports/music/English/chessclub參與體育/音樂/英語/象棋俱樂部play

樂器類+the playtheguitar/theviolin/thedrums/thepiano非樂器類+the playsoccer/basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton〔英式足球/籃球/排球/英式足球，美式橄欖球/網(wǎng)球/羽毛球〕Begoodat+sth./doingsth.擅長做某事Begoodwith 與…相處得好Begoodto對…友好=befriendlytoBegoodfor 對…有好處Liketodosth.特指某一次的動作；likedoingsth. 強調(diào)經(jīng)常性的愛好。兩者都表示寵愛做某事，在僅僅表達(dá)“寵愛”時兩者可以通用。LikeTell:Tellstories 講故事tellsb.sth./todosth./nottodosth.告知某人某事/不要做某事Help:Helpsb.todosth./helpsb.withsth./helpsb.dosth.幫助某人做某事Helpyourself/sb.(tosth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,飲料等)拿給自己/某人can”thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事Callate.g.CallMr.Brownat293-7742Home:1.home是副詞，表示目的地。e.g.1)Whendoyougohomeeveryday?你每天什么時候回家？2)Hedriveshomeafterwork.他下班的開車回家。3)Sheoftendoessomeshoppingonhiswayhome.她經(jīng)常在回家途中買些東西。2.athome表示靜態(tài)概念。意思是“在家”。這里的home是名詞，表示具體地點。e.g.1)Issheathome?她在家嗎？2)Helefthisbookathome.他把書放在家里了。Gohome回家 gethome到家 athome在家Also也，而且；較正式，用于確定句，緊跟動詞。也e.g.IcanspeakEnglishandIcanalsospeakChinese.我能說英文也能說中文。也TooE.g.Metoo.EitherShow多用于否認(rèn)句，放在句末。E.g.Hehasn’tfinished,either.他也沒有完成。EitherShowsb.sth./showsth.Tosb.呈現(xiàn)給某人看Showtime作秀時間，表演開頭 talk show 脫口秀〔美國脫口秀節(jié)目〕Unit2Whattimedoyougotoschool?時間連詞：when=while當(dāng)…時 then然后 afterthat在那之后at+時間點/sb.dosth.atabout時間點forbreakfast/lunch/dinner…睡覺gotobed=gotosleep睡覺takeatap 午休，小睡一會兒反：getup起床Time表時間，不行數(shù)；表次數(shù)，可數(shù)。TimeSometimes幾次sometimes有時sometime一段時間sometime某個時候Ittastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels嘗起來/聞起來/看起來/聽起來/摸起來〔含被動意味，但不能用被動語態(tài)〕tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like嘗起來/聞起來/看起來/聽起來/摸起來像…either…or…二選一neither…nor…兩者都不“就近原則“。e.g.EitheryouorIamgoingtheretomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。Neitherdadnormumisathometoday.今日父母都不在家。Heree.g.Hereitis! Herehecomes. (代詞不倒裝)Hereisyourticket.Herecomesthebus.〔名詞倒裝〕關(guān)于時間的問法關(guān)于時間的問法when提問,“什么時候”可以是較長的時間段，也可以是較短的時間點①Whenisyourbirthday? 你的生日是什么時候？②MybirthdayisDec.29th. 1229日。這里就是指一天的時間段①Whendoyougohome? 你幾點回家？②Igohomeat4:30p.m. 4：30回家.when問的是具體的時間。具體幾點我們通常用whattime提問①Whattimeisitnow?現(xiàn)在幾點了？or What’sthetime? 幾點了？It’s9:26. 現(xiàn)在九點二十六。②Whattimeisitbyyourwatch? 你手表幾點了？It’s8:36.Oh,It’s50minuteslate 8:3650分鐘。③Whattimedoyougetup? 你幾點起床？Igetupat6:00a.m. 6點起床。Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?manystudents是單指學(xué)生數(shù)量多，側(cè)重數(shù)量manyofthestudents是指學(xué)生中很多一局部，強調(diào)局部tootoo…太…toomuch意為“太多”，+不行數(shù)名詞/+動詞。e.g.Ihadtoomuchhouseworktodoyesterday.昨天我有太多的家務(wù)活要干。Shetalkstoomuch.她說話太多。muchtoo意思是“過分，太”，隱含了過分而不恰當(dāng)之意，muchtoo+形容詞或副詞，不+動詞。e.g.Thequestionismuchtoodifficult.這道題太難了。You’rewalkingmuchtoofast.你走得太快了。too…to…太…而不能….e.g.Youarenevertooyoungtostudy.同：so…that…太…以至于…e.g.Theriverrunstooquicklyforboats.=Theriversunstooquicklytorowaboat.=Theriverrunssoquicklythatpeoplecan’trowaboattoacrosstheriver.Unit4Don’teatinclass.一、詞組schoolrules學(xué)校規(guī)章制度breaktherules違反規(guī)章制度maketherules制定規(guī)章..inthehallways在過道inthemusicroom在音樂教室里inthedininghall在餐廳beinbed在床上 belatefor…遲到listentomusic聽音樂washmyclothes洗衣服makedinner做飯havetodo不得不做toomany+名詞復(fù)數(shù);toomuch+不行數(shù)名詞“太多”byteno’clock十點之前onschoolnights上學(xué)的晚上onweekends在周末gotothechildren’spalace去少年宮afterschool放學(xué)后 sportsshoes運動鞋 gymclass體育課二、句型Don’tarrivelateforclass.Wecan’tlistentomusicinthehallways,butwecanlistentoitoutside.(3)--Whatelsedoyouhavetodo?--Wehavetocleantheclassroom.(4)--Canwewearhatsinschool?--Yes,wecan/No,wecan’t.(5)--Doyouhavetowearauniformatschool?--Yes,wedo/No,wedon’t.(6)Whataretherulesatyourschool?(7)重難點精析：祈使句通常用來表示命令、懇求、制止、建議、警告等語氣。它的主語you(聽話人)通常省略。其構(gòu)成通常有以下幾種形式。祈使句１〕Be型〔即系動詞原型be+表語＋其他〕。如：Bequiet,please.否認(rèn)句Don’t+be+表語+其他。如：Don’tbeangry.２〕Do型〔即系動詞原形＋賓語＋其他〕。如：Openyoubooks,please.否認(rèn)句Don’t+實義動詞原形+賓語+其他。如：Don’teatintheclassroom.３〕Let型〔即Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他〕如：Letmehelpyou.Let’sgoatsixo’clock.否認(rèn)句一般在賓語后加not。如：Let’notwatchTV.４〕No+V-ing型〔此種形式通常用于公共場合的提示語中，意為“制止做某事“〕如：Nosmoking! 嚴(yán)禁吸煙！Notalking!不許交談！Nopassing! 制止通行！Noparking! 不許停車！Must與haveto1.must表主觀看法，主觀上的必要haveto表客觀需要e.g.Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight. 我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請來。(客觀上需要做這件事)Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他說他們必需努力工作?！仓饔^上要做這件事〕haveto有人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。在否認(rèn)構(gòu)造中：don”thaveto表示“不必“；mustn”t表示“制止“。e.g.Youdon”thaveto(needn’t沒必要)tellhimaboutit.你不肯定要把此事告知他。OntimeYoumustn”t〔can’t不能〕tellhimaboutit.你肯定不要把這件事告知他。IntimeOntimee.g.Wewerejustintimefor(tocatchthebus.我們準(zhǔn)時趕上了公車。Thetrainpulledinontime.車準(zhǔn)時到站。Unit5Whydoyoulikepandas?一、詞組wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事wantsth想要某物L(fēng)etsbdosth讓某人做某事Kindkindof有幾分\種類 akindof一種…(all)kindsof各種各樣的=variousofliketodosth/likedoingsth 寵愛做某事 playwith…與...一起玩duringtheday在白天 atnight在夜間二、句型與日常交際用語1、-whydoyoulikepandas?/-Whydosehelikekoalas?-Becausethey’rekindofinteresting.2Whydoyouwanttoseethelions?Becausethey’re3、-Wherearelionsfrom?-LionsarefromSouthAfrica.4、-What(other)animalsdoyoulike?-Ilikeelephants.Thisisasymbolofgoodluck. …的象征Haveagoodmemorylikeanelephant.形容記憶力好7.-Howoldareyou?=What’syourage?–I’mtenyearsold./I’mten.8.-Doyoulikegiraffes?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon’tmakeof與makeof與makefrommakeof看得出原材料，物理變化；makefrom看不出原材料，化學(xué)變化。e.g.Wemustsavetreesandnotbythingsmadeofivory(象牙).Thepaperismadeofwood.Theother,others,another,other的區(qū)分other可作形容詞或代詞，做形容詞時，意思是“別的，其他”，泛指“其他的〔人或物Doyouhaveanyotherquestion(s)?Asksomeotherpeople.Putitinyourotherhand.把它放在你另一只手里。Hehastwodaughters.Oneisanurse,theotherisaworker.他有兩個女兒，theother后可加單數(shù)名詞，也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，此時的otherOntheothersideofthestreet，thereisatalltree.在街道的另一Maryismuchtallerthantheothergirls.瑪麗比其他的女孩高得多。Helivesontheothersideoftheriver.他住在河的對岸。othersother的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“另外幾個”，“其余的”。在句中可作主語、Someofuslikesinginganddancing,othersgoinforsports.我們一些人寵愛Givemesomeothers,please.請給我別的東西Therearenoothers.沒有別的了。theothers〔人或物是theotherTwoboyswillgotothezoo,andtheotherswillstayathome.theothers=theother復(fù)數(shù)名詞，這2條中已經(jīng)有所介紹。another=another，既可作形容詞，也可作代詞，只能用于三個或更多的人或物，泛指同類事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一個”，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如：havethreedaughters.Oneisanurse,anotherisateacherandanotherisaworker. 我有三個女兒。一個是護士，另一個是教師，還有一個是工人。Let’sdosth,let’s=letus讓我們做……人稱代詞用賓格 Let’s之后跟動詞原形。Let’sseethepanda.我們看熊貓吧。Let’sgo!我們走吧！Unit6I’mwatchingTV.一、詞組doone’shomework做家庭作業(yè) watchTV看電視 eatdinner吃飯；就餐cleantheroom清掃房間 talkonthephone談天thanksfor+n/doing為某事感謝某人 goshopping/swimming去購物/游泳atthepool在游泳池 atschool在學(xué)校 inthetree在樹上readnewspaper/abook 看報紙／看書 writealetter寫信gotothemovies=gotothecinema=watchamovie 看電影 takephotos拍照waitfor等待；等候 TVshow電視節(jié)目talkabout談?wù)摗璭.g.Whatareyoutalkingabout?someof…中的一些 aphotoofmyfamily我的家庭照bewith和……一起 withsb和某人在一起inthefirst/lastphoto在第一張/最終一張照片二、句型與日常交際用語1.-What+be+主語+doing?正在做什么？-主語＋bedoing… …正在做某事2.-Hereare/is…例：Herearesomeofmyphotos./Hereisaphotoofmyfamily.3.-Doyouwanttogotothemovies?-Sure.4.-Whendoyouwanttogo?-Let’sgoatseven.5.-Wheredopeopleplaybasketball?-Atschool.6.-What’shewaitingfor?-He’swaitingforabus.7.-What’shereading?-He’sreadinganewspaper.8.Can+do(動詞原形) 可以…e.g.Youcanseemyfamilyathome.三、語法——現(xiàn)在進展時現(xiàn)在在進展時的形式：助動詞be(am,is,are)+動詞-ing形式〔也叫現(xiàn)在分詞〕，表示現(xiàn)在〔說話的瞬間〕正在進展或發(fā)生的動作。現(xiàn)在進展時確實定句形式：主語+be(am,is,are)+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他例：I’mwatchingTV.現(xiàn)在進展時的否認(rèn)句形式：主語+be(am,is,are)+not+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他例：Theyarenotplayingsoccer.現(xiàn)在進展時的一般疑問句形式及答復(fù)：——Is(am,are)+主語+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他?——Yes,主語+is/am/are.No,主語+isn’t/aren’t/amnot.例：Areyoureading?Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.+is/am/are+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他?例：Whatisyourbrotherdoing?Unit7It’sraning!一、詞組playcomputergames打電子玩耍lieonthebeach躺在沙灘上playbeachvolleyball打沙灘排球inthisheat在酷暑中inpicture在圖片里onvacation度假 onthebeach在海邊aroundtheworld世界各地=allovertheworldbesurprisedatsth./sb.對某人或某人感到驚異berelaxed放松=feelrelaxed haveagoodtime玩得很痛快indifferentkindofweather 在不同的天氣里thanksbfor(doing)sth由于某事而感謝某人some…others…一些…另一些… agroupofpeople一群人lookatsbdoing/dosth看某人正在做某事/做了某事〔事情的全過程〕everyone后只接人不跟of,相當(dāng)于everybody;everyone后跟人或物，可跟of。e.g.Everyoneishere.每個人都在這。Everyoneofthestudentslikestheteacher.每位學(xué)生都很寵愛這個教師。二、句型／日常交際用語(1)-How’stheweather(+地點)? -It’srainy./It’scoldandsnowing.(2)-What’stheweatherlike?-Theweatherthereisveryhot.(3)-How’sitgoing(withsb.)?某人最近怎樣。/Howwasyourtrip?-Great./Notbad./Terrible/Prettygood!(4)ThanksyouforjoiningCCTV’sAroundtheWorldshow!(5)-IsAuntWangthere? -Yes,sheis/No,sheisn’tTherearemanypeoplehereonvacation.Seeyoulater./Seeyousoon.之后見/很快見Myphoneisn’tworking.我的壞了。Unit8Isthereapostofficenearthere?一、詞組postoffice郵局 payphone投幣式公用 nextto在...隔壁acrossfrom在...對面infrontof在...前面between…and… 在...和...之間onastreet 在街上intheneighborhood在四周 ontheright/left 在右邊／在左邊behind…在…后面onGreenstreet在格林街上 near…在…四周gostraight始終走 godown(along)…沿著...走 …歡送enjoy+名詞/doing寵愛做某事 havefun過得開心onone’sright/left在某人的右邊／左邊turnright/left向右／左轉(zhuǎn)takeawalk閑逛thewayto…去...的路letsbdosth讓某人做某事takeataxi打的／乘出租車gothrough...穿過..haveagoodtrip旅途開心=haveagoodtime.玩的快活，過得開心arriveat〔小地方〕/in〔大地方〕到達(dá)atthebeginningof在...開頭的時候attheendof在...完畢的時候hopetodosth/that/forsth〔不行以用hopesb.todosth.〕helpsb.todosth./sb.sth.幫助某人某事infrontof與inthefrontof的區(qū)分infrontof就是指在某物的前方；inthefrontof是指在某物的內(nèi)部靠前的地方。e.g.sitinthefrontoftheclassroom.指坐在教室前排的。sitinfrontoftheclassroom指坐在教室前面(教室外面的前面)。Itcostsb.st.todosth./somemoeysb.spendtimeonsth./(in)doingsth./sb.spendsomemoney.花費時間/金錢做某事二、句型。1、Istherea….?句型．Eg:-Excuseme.Isthereahotelin/neartheneighborhood.-Yes,thereis.No.thereisn’t2、Whereis…?句型．Eg:-Whereisthepark,please?-It’sbehindthebank.(確定答復(fù))-I’msorryIdon’tknow.(否認(rèn)答復(fù))3、Whichisthewayto+地點?句型.如：Whichisthewaytothelibrary?4、HowcanIgetto +地點?句型.如：HowcanIgettotherestaurant?5、Canyoutellmethewayto+地點？/Couldyoupleasetellme句型.如：Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?6、Letmetellyouthewaytomyhouse.7、Justgostraightandturnleft.三、日常交際用語1、Isthereabanknearhere? Yes,thereis.It’sonCentreStreet. /No,thereisn’t.2、Where’sthesupermarket? It’snexttothelibrary.3、BridgeStreetisagoodplacetohavefun.4、Ihopeyouhaveagoodtrip.5．Ifyouarehungry,youcanbuyfoodintherestaurant.6、Talkawalkthoughthepark..7、IknowyouarearrivingnextSunday.我知道你下周日要來。8、Timegoesby./timegoesquickly.時間消逝/時間消逝得飛速Unit9Whatdosehelooklike?一、詞組curly/short/straight/longhair卷／短／直發(fā)ofmediumheight/build中等高度／身體alittlebit+形容詞一點兒… apopsinger 一位流行歌手bepopularwithsb 在…流行 not…anymore 不再good-looking 好看 wearglasses 戴眼鏡 haveanewlook 呈現(xiàn)面貌thecaptainofthebasketballteam 籃球隊隊長Nobodyknowsme 沒有人生疏我二、句型1〕--Whatdoeshelooklike?--He’sreallyshort.Hehasshorthair./Heisofmediumbuild.2〕DoyouknowIhaveanewfriendinClassFive？3〕--Shehasbeautiful,longblackhair.--Idon’tthinkhe’ssogreat.stopdoing(sth):Hestoplistening--Sheneverstopstalking.stoptodo(sth):Hestopstolisten.Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.-Ishetallorshort?–He’sofmediumheight.Hehaslongstraightbrownhair.描述挨次：外形大小〔long/short〕-年齡-顏色-國籍Unit10I’dlikesomenoodles.一、詞組wouldlike+n/todo想要alarge/medium/smallbowlof大碗/中碗/小碗whatsize什么尺寸orangejuice桔汁 greentea綠茶whatkindof表示….的種類 akindof一種…somekindof很多種…abowlofrice一碗米飯 abottleoforangejuice一瓶桔子汁(不行數(shù))threeoranges三個桔子(可數(shù)) somechicken一些雞肉(不行數(shù))threechickens三只小雞(可數(shù))gongbaochicken 宮爆雞丁 mapotofu麻婆豆腐cutup切碎 cutdown砍下 cutoff 切斷 cutout切掉二、句型１〕Whatkindof…wouldyoulike?你想要…?２〕--Whatsizebowlofnoodleswouldyoulike?--Ilikeasmallbowlofnoodles.３〕Wehavelarge,medium,andsmallbowls.４〕Ilikedumplings,Idon’tlikenoodles.三、日常交際用語１〕--CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/MayItakeyourorder?--I’dlikesomenoodles.please.２〕--Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?--I’dlikemuttonandpotatonoodles.Please.３〕--Wouldyoulikeacupofgreentea?--Yes,please./No,thankswouldlike后面還可以跟不定式.即:A:wouldliketodosth.想要做某事Hewouldliketoseeyoutoday.B:wouldlikesb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事Whatwouldyoulikemetodo.If If引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。e.g.Ifheorsheblows)outallthecandlesinonego,thewishwil〔主句comeIfitdoesn’t〔從句〕rain,wewill〔主句〕playbasketball.Itit作形式主語。構(gòu)造：it+be(is/was)+〔forsb.〕+todosth.〔對某人來說〕做某事怎么樣Ite.g.It’sgettingmoreandmorepopulartohavecakeonyourbirthday.=Itbecomesmoreandmorepopularthatpeoplehavecakeontheirbirthday.Unit11Howwasyouweekend?一、詞組dosomereading 閱讀 studyforthe(math)test 預(yù)備〔數(shù)學(xué)〕考試haveaparty/dosomesports 做運動 practice+n/doing 練習(xí)…whataout/Howabout+n/doing 做什么怎么樣 stayathome 呆家里gotosummercamp 去夏令營 goshopping 去購物gotothebeach/pool 去沙灘/游泳 gotothemountains 去爬山lastmonth 上個月 threedaysago 三天前yesterday 昨天 thedaybeforeyesteday前天 thedayaftertomorrow后天lookfor 查找lookafter照看，看管 lookout(for)留神，留意 lookup查找goforawalk 閑逛inthemorning/afternoon/evening 在早上／在下午／在晚上onSundaymorning 在某個具體一天的上午、下午用介詞onplaycomputergames 玩電腦玩耍spendmoney/timeonsth/(in)doingsth 花費…做…watchsbdo/doingsth 看某人做了某事/正在做某事二、句型１〕Ivis