《名師一號(hào)》新課標(biāo)2011高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module4SandstormsinAsia課件外研版必修3_第1頁(yè)
《名師一號(hào)》新課標(biāo)2011高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module4SandstormsinAsia課件外研版必修3_第2頁(yè)
《名師一號(hào)》新課標(biāo)2011高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module4SandstormsinAsia課件外研版必修3_第3頁(yè)
《名師一號(hào)》新課標(biāo)2011高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module4SandstormsinAsia課件外研版必修3_第4頁(yè)
《名師一號(hào)》新課標(biāo)2011高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module4SandstormsinAsia課件外研版必修3_第5頁(yè)
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Module4SandstormsinAsia1共124頁(yè)基礎(chǔ)自主回顧Ⅰ.課標(biāo)單詞1.__________大量的;大規(guī)模的(adj.)2.__________戰(zhàn)役;活動(dòng)(n.)3.__________進(jìn)程;過(guò)程(n.)4.__________預(yù)報(bào);預(yù)告(vt.)5.__________重新利用;再循環(huán)(v.)masscampaignprocessforecastrecycle2共124頁(yè)6.__________根據(jù);證明(n.)7.__________緊急的(adj.)8.__________污染(vt.)9.__________恐怖的;嚇人的(adj.)10.__________絕對(duì)地;完全地(adv.)11.__________嚇人的;可怕的(adj.)→__________嚇唬;使害怕(vt.)→__________恐懼;害怕(n.)evidenceurgentpollutescaryabsolutelyfrighteningfrightenfright3共124頁(yè)12.__________力量;力氣(n.)→__________加強(qiáng)(v.)→__________強(qiáng)壯的(adj.)13.__________化學(xué)藥品(n.)化學(xué)的(adj.)→__________化學(xué)(n.)14.__________關(guān)心的;擔(dān)心的(adj.)→__________關(guān)心(n.)15.__________主要的;多數(shù)的(adj.)→__________大多數(shù)(n.)16.__________抱怨;發(fā)牢騷(vi.)→__________抱怨(n.)17.__________保護(hù)(n.)→__________(v.)strengthstrengthenstrongchemicalchemistryconcernedconcernmajormajoritycomplaincomplaintprotectionprotect4共124頁(yè)Ⅱ.常用短語(yǔ)1.____________遇上;趕上2.____________砍倒3.___________________只有做……4._________________________阻止某人做……5._________________埋怨;抱怨6.____________理解;欺騙;吸收plainof/abouttakein5共124頁(yè)7._______________________認(rèn)真考慮8.________________概括地說(shuō)9.___________________________為……擔(dān)心10.____________________放出;發(fā)出11._______________________挖出12._____________________瀏覽,仔細(xì)檢查13.________________清楚地意識(shí)到thinkseriouslyaboutinanutshellbeconcernedabout/overgiveoutdiguplookthroughwakeupto6共124頁(yè)Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型1.Thestormssometimescontinuealldayandtrafficmovesveryslowlybecausethethickdust________________.暴風(fēng)有時(shí)持續(xù)一整天,車輛開得很慢,因?yàn)闈鉂獾膲m埃降低了能見度。答案:makesitdifficulttosee7共124頁(yè)2.To________it________nearer,thegovernmentisplantingtrees.為了阻止它來(lái)得更近,政府正在植樹。答案:prevent;coming3.Thegarbageisthentakenawayand,________,recycled.然后垃圾被帶走,如果可能的話會(huì)進(jìn)行回收利用。答案:ifpossible8共124頁(yè)4.____________________sevenideas,askanotherpairtohelpyou.若你很難找到七種想法,就讓別的小組幫幫你。答案:Ifyouhavedifficultyinfinding9共124頁(yè)Ⅳ.模塊語(yǔ)法1.Lindawasverysorryforbeinglate.Buttheteacher'ssmilemadeher________better.A.feelB.tofeelC.fall D.tofall答案:A10共124頁(yè)2.Heisoftenlistened________Englishsongs,butthistimewehadhim________Russiansongs.A.tosing;singB.tosing;tosingC.sing;tosingD.sing;sing答案:A11共124頁(yè)3.I'msorryIcan'thelp________theflowers,becauseI'mbusypreparingforthesingingcompetition________tomorrow.A.watering;tobeheldB.water;beingheldC.towater;heldD.water;tobeheld答案:D12共124頁(yè)4.Charlesdidwhathecould________theservant,althoughhehimselfwasindanger.A.rescue B.torescueC.rescued D.rescuing答案:B13共124頁(yè)5.Isthisthewatchyouwish________?A.tohaverepaired B.torepairitC.tohaveitrepaired D.tohaverepairedit答案:A14共124頁(yè)6.Mymothercoulddonothingbut________athome.A.tobestaying B.tostayC.tostaying D.stay答案:D15共124頁(yè)考點(diǎn)探究解密考點(diǎn)解讀1.mass①n.團(tuán),塊,堆;大量,許多②adj.大批的,大量的,廣泛的③vt.&vi.集結(jié);聚集16共124頁(yè)知識(shí)鏈接:下列短語(yǔ)都有“許多的,大量的”之意,可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞:lotsof=alotofquantitiesof=aquantityofvarietiesof=avarietyofcollectionsof=acollectionofsuppliesof=a(good)supplyofplentyof17共124頁(yè)以下短語(yǔ)僅修飾可數(shù)名詞:numbersof=anumberof,manya,agood/greatmany,quiteafew以下短語(yǔ)僅修飾不可數(shù)名詞:agreatdealof,anamountof,quitealittle誤區(qū)警示:massesof可用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞。18共124頁(yè)朗文在線:amassofsnow一堆積雪Theskywasfullofdarkmassesofclouds.天空烏云密布。massproduction批量生產(chǎn)weaponsofmassdestruction大規(guī)模殺傷性武器Darkcloudsmassedonthehorizon.天空烏云密布。命題方向:考題中常考查表示數(shù)量的詞的辨析。19共124頁(yè)活學(xué)巧練:Hehas________letterstoanswer.Hehastoworkfrommorningtonight.A.muchB.a(chǎn)greatdealofC.massesofD.thenumberof答案與解析:Cletters為可數(shù)名詞,排除A、B項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)應(yīng)為anumberof,故只有C項(xiàng)正確。20共124頁(yè)2.concernedadj.關(guān)心的;有關(guān)的(常用于名詞之后);掛念的;擔(dān)心的精講拓展:①concerningprep.關(guān)于②beconcernedinsth.涉及③beconcernedwithsth.關(guān)于;有關(guān)21共124頁(yè)④so/asfarassth./sb.beconcerned據(jù)……所知⑤havenoconcernfor毫不關(guān)心⑥havenoconcernwith和……毫無(wú)關(guān)系⑦concernvt.涉及,關(guān)系到n.(利害)關(guān)系,關(guān)心⑧bemuchconcernedabout十分掛念;擔(dān)心;焦慮誤區(qū)警示:concerned表示“關(guān)心的,有關(guān)的”時(shí)常作后置定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。22共124頁(yè)朗文在線:①Theaffairisgreatlyregrettedbyeveryoneconcerned.所有相關(guān)人士都對(duì)此事感到極為遺憾。②Everyoneconcernedintheincidentwasquestionedbythepolice.所有與這起事件有關(guān)的人都受到了警方的盤問(wèn)。③Thisarticleconcernsamanwhowaswronglyimprisoned.這篇文章寫的是一個(gè)被冤枉而入獄的人。23共124頁(yè)命題方向:concerning,as/sofarassb./sth.beconcerned是重要考點(diǎn)。活學(xué)巧練:Heheardnothing________thismatter.A.concernedB.concerningC.concernsD.connecting答案與解析:Bconcerningprep.關(guān)于。句意:他沒有聽到任何關(guān)于這件事的消息。24共124頁(yè)3.complainv.抱怨,悲嘆,控訴精講拓展:①complainabout/of...抱怨……②complainthat...抱怨……③complaintosb.向某人投訴④can'tcomplain[口]還算好(雖然有些問(wèn)題,但總體上比較滿意)⑤complaintn.訴苦,抱怨,牢騷25共124頁(yè)誤區(qū)警示:complain若接名詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)需接介詞about或of,也可直接跟從句。26共124頁(yè)朗文在線:①Sheoftencomplainsaboutnotfeelingappreciatedatwork.她因?yàn)楦械阶约涸诠ぷ魃喜皇苜p識(shí)而常發(fā)牢騷。②Peoplecomplainthattheydon'tgetenoughimformation.人們抱怨得不到足夠的信息。③Oldageiscreepingup,butIcan'tcomplain.暮年將至,但我覺得還好。27共124頁(yè)命題方向:complainabout/of短語(yǔ)是重要考點(diǎn)。活學(xué)巧練:Shealwaysmakessome________overshortagesandhighprices.A.dislikesB.complaintsC.troublesD.discontents答案與解析:Bmakecomplaintsoversth. “抱怨某事”;dislikes“厭惡”;troubles“煩惱,困苦”;discontent為不可數(shù)名詞,不可加s,意為“不滿”。28共124頁(yè)4.urgentadj.緊急的,迫切的;非常重要的Theywereurgentintheirdemand.他們的要求很迫切。Shewasurgentforthedoctortocome.她急切地催促醫(yī)生來(lái)。29共124頁(yè)精講拓展:①urgevt.推進(jìn),極力主張;催促,激勵(lì)②urgencyn.緊急,迫切③urgesb.todo...敦促某人做……④odoing...敦促某人做……⑤urgesb.against強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)⑥urgeonsb.向某人強(qiáng)調(diào)⑦beinurgentneedof急需30共124頁(yè)誤區(qū)警示:urge后的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用shoulddo的形式。活學(xué)巧練:Thedoctor________anX-raytest,andthen,hecouldmakeaconclusion.A.urgedmetohave B.urgedmehavingC.urgedagainst D.urgedonme答案與解析:Aurgesb.todosth.“極力要求某人做某事”。31共124頁(yè)5.evidencen.根據(jù),證明Thereisevidencethatsomebodyhasbeenlivinghere.①obviousapparentevidentadj.明白的,明顯的32共124頁(yè)②evidentlyadv.明顯,顯然③beinevidence明顯,顯而易見④ontheevidenceofsth.用某事物作為證據(jù)⑤have/showevidenceof有……的跡象⑥Itisevidentthat很明顯……33共124頁(yè)注意:①evidence指有助于證明某事確實(shí)存在的任何事物,或與法律訴訟有關(guān)的物證,見證。②proof指直接證明某事是事實(shí)的根據(jù)。③witness親眼見過(guò)某事的證人或提供的見證。誤區(qū)警示:evidence是不可數(shù)名詞。34共124頁(yè)活學(xué)巧練:(1)Theapplausemadeit________(明顯的)thattheplaywasahit.(2)Asmilegives__________(證明,證據(jù))ofherconsent.(3)Willyouactas________(見證人)totheagreementbetweenus?(4)________(顯然)shewillbeelected.evidentevidencewitnessEvidently35共124頁(yè)6.strengthn.體力,力氣;意志力;強(qiáng)點(diǎn);堅(jiān)強(qiáng)精講拓展:①havethestrengthtodo有做……的力氣/意志力②withallone'sstrength用盡全身的力氣③strengthofcharacter性格的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)④positionofstrength(尤指在討論中的)優(yōu)勢(shì)地位⑤instrength大批地,大量地36共124頁(yè)誤區(qū)警示:strength表示“體力;力氣;意志力;堅(jiān)強(qiáng)”時(shí),為不可數(shù)名詞;但表示“強(qiáng)點(diǎn),優(yōu)勢(shì),長(zhǎng)處”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞。朗文在線:①Idon'thavethestrengthtoclimbanyfurther.我沒有力氣再往上爬了。②Wheredidyoufindthestrengthtokeeptrying?你不斷進(jìn)行嘗試的意志力是從哪兒來(lái)的?③Thegreatstrengthofourplanliesinitssimplicity.我們這個(gè)計(jì)劃的最大長(zhǎng)處在于它的簡(jiǎn)單。37共124頁(yè)詞語(yǔ)辨析:strength,force,power與energy①strength著重指人的體力或堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志力。②force指物理學(xué)上的“力”也指為做某事而使用的力量,還可指武力。③power指能力、權(quán)力、著重行動(dòng)所根據(jù)的能力、本領(lǐng)或職權(quán)。④energy主要指人的精力,或自然界中物理學(xué)定義中的“能,能量”。命題方向:strength常與force,power等以詞語(yǔ)辯析題的形式出現(xiàn)在高考中。38共124頁(yè)活學(xué)巧練:Billwasdoingalotofphysicalexercisetobuilduphis__________.A.a(chǎn)bilityB.forceC.strengthD.mind答案與解析:C“訓(xùn)練是為了增強(qiáng)體力”。39共124頁(yè)7.cutdown砍倒,削減,駁倒,改小或縮短(衣服)Manybigtreesalongtheroadhavebeencutdownforbuildinghouses.①cutout剪除;切掉;割掉②cutup切碎;使傷心③cutoff切斷,停掉,隔絕④cutacross/through抄近路穿過(guò)⑤cutin插入,插嘴⑥cutopen切開或破開某物40共124頁(yè)誤區(qū)警示:cutup與cutdown并非是反義詞組,且cutin與cutout也不是反義詞組。朗文在線:①Yousmoketoomuch—youshouldtrytocutdown.你抽煙太兇了,該少抽點(diǎn)。②Mydoctor'stoldmetocutdownoncarbohydrates.我的醫(yī)生告訴我要減少碳水化合物的攝入量。命題方向:cutdown常與cutin,cutout,cutup以詞語(yǔ)辨析的形式出現(xiàn)。41共124頁(yè)活學(xué)巧練:(1)Intheend,I__________thedealer__________(把……降低)byanother$5.00.(2)Thetailoris_______________(改小)mydress.(3)Iwas__________(斷線)onmylinetoLondon.(4)__________(切碎)thecarrotsbeforeyouputthemintothepot.(5)Hebroughtaknifeand__________thebox__________(割開).cutdowncuttingdowncutoffCutupcutopen42共124頁(yè)8.giveout發(fā)生(光、熱、聲音、氣體等);分發(fā),發(fā)布;公布;耗盡;用完,用盡精講拓展:①giveaway背棄,出賣,泄露(秘密),暴露②giveback歸還;送回;報(bào)復(fù)③giveover中止,停止做;交給/付,移交④giveforth發(fā)/放出(聲音、氣味等);發(fā)表,公布⑤givein(to)屈服,投降,退讓43共124頁(yè)⑥giveoff(散)發(fā)出(蒸氣),發(fā)散(光線)⑦giveup放棄,停/中止;讓/交給;投降,認(rèn)輸,泄氣⑧giveriseto引起,使發(fā)生;造成⑨giveway讓路,讓步⑩givewayto給……讓路/讓步;被……代替誤區(qū)警示:表示“用光,用盡”時(shí),giveout,runout是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),不可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),也不接賓語(yǔ)。useup,runoutof是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),可接賓語(yǔ)。44共124頁(yè)朗文在線:①Studentsweregivingoutleafletstoeveryoneonthestreet.學(xué)生們?cè)谙蚪稚纤械娜朔职l(fā)傳單。②Itwasgivenoutthattheprimeministerwastoundergominorsurgery.據(jù)宣布,首相將要接受小手術(shù)。③Mymoneybegantogiveout.我的錢快要用光了。45共124頁(yè)命題方向:giveout常與give構(gòu)成的其他短語(yǔ)以詞語(yǔ)辨析題的形式出現(xiàn)?;顚W(xué)巧練:(2010·武漢二月調(diào)研)Ithinkweshould________alltheseoldtoystothelocalchildrenhospital.A.giveoutB.giveinC.giveupD.giveaway答案與解析:Dgiveaway“贈(zèng)送”。giveout“分發(fā),發(fā)出”;givein“屈服,讓步”;giveup“放棄”。46共124頁(yè)9.ifpossible如果可能的話精講拓展:①固定短語(yǔ),意義“如果可能的話”,常在句中作插入語(yǔ),起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。②ifpossible是ifitispossible的省略形式。在if,when,while,once,whether,unless等引導(dǎo)的從句中如果含有系動(dòng)詞be的某種形式,從句的主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致或從句的主語(yǔ)是it時(shí),從句的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞be可以省略。47共124頁(yè)③if引導(dǎo)省略的情況有下列幾種:ifany如果有的話ifnecessary需要的話ifso如果是這樣的話ifever如果曾經(jīng)有的話ifnot不這樣的話48共124頁(yè)誤區(qū)警示:if,when,while后接分詞結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),若與主句主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系用-ing形式,若是被動(dòng)關(guān)系用過(guò)去分詞形式。49共124頁(yè)朗文在線:①Ithinkthere'satrainatmidday.Ifnot,you'llhavetowaittill1230.我想正午會(huì)有一班火車。要是沒有,你只好等到12點(diǎn)半了。②Idon'tsupposetherewillbemorethanadozenleft,ifany.我認(rèn)為即使還有的話也不會(huì)超過(guò)十幾個(gè)。③Iwanttoavoidtherushhourtrafficifpossible.如果可能的話,我想避開交通高峰期。命題方向:if引導(dǎo)省略的情況是高考的重要考點(diǎn)。50共124頁(yè)活學(xué)巧練:翻譯(1)不要把垃圾扔掉了,如果可能的話,回收利用。_______________________________________________(2)如果有必要讓湯姆幫你一把。_______________________________________________(3)準(zhǔn)備好了嗎?要不我就自己去了。_______________________________________________(4)年輕時(shí)努力工作,否則你會(huì)后悔的。_______________________________________________Don'tthrowawaythegarbage,ifpossible,recycle.AskTomtogiveyouahandifnecessary.Areyouready?Ifnot,I'mgoingwithoutyou.Workhardwhenyoung,oryou'llregret.51共124頁(yè)10.Icouldn'tagreewithyoumore.我再同意你的觀點(diǎn)不過(guò)了。(1)表示同意的表達(dá)法常見的有:Certainly./Sure./Ofcourse.當(dāng)然可以。Noproblem.沒問(wèn)題。Yes,please,可以,請(qǐng)(做)吧。Yes,Ithinkso.對(duì),我認(rèn)為是這樣。Allright./OK.行,可以。52共124頁(yè)That'sagoodidea!是個(gè)好主意。It'sagoodideathatwestartatonce.我們馬上出發(fā)是個(gè)好主意。Iagree(withyou).我同意(你的意見)。Iagreetoyourplan.我同意你的計(jì)劃。Exactly.正是。That'scorrect.正確。Yes,Ithinkso.是的,我也是這么想的。53共124頁(yè)(2)表示不同意的看法的表達(dá)法常見的有:Noway.沒門。Ofcoursenot.當(dāng)然不。Idon'tagree.我不同意。Idon'tthinkso.我不這么想。I'mafraidnot.恐怕不是。I'mafraidI(really)can'tagreewithyou.恐怕我(實(shí)在)不能同意你的看法。54共124頁(yè)活學(xué)巧練:—Whynothaveanewmachinedesigned?—________.I'llhavesomeonedoitsoon.A.Idon'tthinksoB.I'mnotsureC.It'suptoyouD.Soundslikeagoodidea答案與解析:DWhynot提出建議,用來(lái)表示贊同的答語(yǔ)。55共124頁(yè)11.動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)詞不定式在句中可起名詞、形容詞和副詞的作用,因此在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。(1)不定式作主語(yǔ),主要表示具體動(dòng)作,即在某時(shí)某地要做的動(dòng)作,有時(shí)也可像doing形式作主語(yǔ)一樣,表示泛指。(2)有些動(dòng)詞后只能跟不定式形式作賓語(yǔ):afford,promise,refuse,expect,hope,learn,offer,wish,fail,plan,agree,decide,manage,arrange,determine,desire等。下列動(dòng)詞后可接疑問(wèn)詞+不定式:teach,decide,wonder,show,learn,forget,ask,findout,advise,discuss等。56共124頁(yè)(3)作復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)的一部分①用于besaid/reported/known等+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)②用于seem/appear/prove/tend等+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)③用于belikely/certain/sure+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)57共124頁(yè)(4)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不定式作賓補(bǔ)與賓語(yǔ)之間在邏輯上含主謂關(guān)系時(shí),不定式用主動(dòng)式。有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),不定式則用被動(dòng)式。①可以接帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:ask,tell,order,command,beg,request,require,invite,force,cause,forbid,get,allow,permit,wish,want,expect,encourage,advise,persuade,warn,wouldlike,waitfor,longfor,planfor(安排)等。注意:hope,demand,suggest,agree之后不接不定式作賓補(bǔ)。58共124頁(yè)②在think,consider,believe,suppose,know,feel,find,understand,declare等動(dòng)詞后常接tobe+形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)作賓補(bǔ),但是在considersb./sth.tobeadj./n.中的tobe可以省略。③能接省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有:see,hear,listento,watch,notice,lookat,feel,observe等感官動(dòng)詞以及使役動(dòng)詞make,let,have。但當(dāng)上述動(dòng)詞用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),其后要帶上to。59共124頁(yè)(5)作定語(yǔ)不定式能作后置定語(yǔ),但不能作前置定語(yǔ)。它與被修飾的名詞或代詞在邏輯上既可是主謂關(guān)系,也可是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,還可以表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等。不定式作定語(yǔ),常用來(lái)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或含情態(tài)意味的動(dòng)作。被修飾的名詞之前如有序數(shù)詞,則通常用不定式作后置定語(yǔ)。60共124頁(yè)①不定式作定語(yǔ)通常放在名詞或代詞之后。②作定語(yǔ)的不定式如為不及物動(dòng)詞,且與前面的名詞或代詞在邏輯上含動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,此時(shí)不定式之后要加上相應(yīng)的介詞。③不定式作定語(yǔ),如與其前名詞或代詞在邏輯上含動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,則不定式通常需用被動(dòng)式;但如果不定式既與其前某一名詞或代詞在邏輯上含動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,又與其前另一名詞或代詞在邏輯上含有主謂關(guān)系,則不定式用主動(dòng)式。Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisveryimportant.明天要舉行的會(huì)議很重要。61共124頁(yè)(6)作狀語(yǔ)不定式可以作目的狀語(yǔ)、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)及原因狀語(yǔ)和方式狀語(yǔ)。①在下列句式中作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ):too...todo,so...astodo...,such...todo,enoughtodo...,cometodo...(逐漸……),onlytodo...②在下列句式中作目的狀語(yǔ):soastodo...,inordertodo...62共124頁(yè)③在表示人的“情緒”的形容詞之后作原因狀語(yǔ):sb.beglad/surprised/pleased/happy/sorry/disappointed等+todo...④在下列形容詞之后作方式狀語(yǔ):becomfortabletolivein,beeasytodealwith,befittodrink,bedifficulttounderstand注意:在這種句式中,即當(dāng)不定式位于表語(yǔ)形容詞之后時(shí),盡管不定式與其前某一名詞或代詞在邏輯上含動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,但不定式只用主動(dòng)式,而不用被動(dòng)式。63共124頁(yè)(7)不定式的完成式①表示不定式中動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的動(dòng)作先于主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)出的動(dòng)作。Thenovelwassaidtohavebeenpublished.據(jù)說(shuō)那部小說(shuō)已出版了。64共124頁(yè)seem,appear,besaid,besupposed,bebelieved,bethought,beknown,bereported等動(dòng)詞常用于上面句型。此外,glad,happy,satisfied,sorry,surprised,disappointed后也接完成式,但要注意與一般式的區(qū)別。I'msorrytokeepyouwaitingforaminute.對(duì)不起,請(qǐng)稍等。(說(shuō)話時(shí)還未等)I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.對(duì)不起,讓你久等了。(說(shuō)話時(shí)已等了很久)65共124頁(yè)②不定式的完成式還可表示“過(guò)去本想做某事但未做”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。a.shouldliketo/wouldliketo/wouldloveto+不定式的完成式。b.was/wereto+不定式的完成式,表示“該做某事或想做但未實(shí)現(xiàn)”。c.expect/hope/mean/promise/suppose/think/want/wish/intend/plan+不定式的完成式,表示“過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望”。66共124頁(yè)(8)不定式的省略①同一結(jié)構(gòu)并列,由and或or連接。Iwanttofinishmyhomeworkandgohome.我想完成作業(yè)后回家。I'mreallypuzzledwhattothinkorsay.我非常困惑,不知該想什么或說(shuō)什么。特例:Tobeornottobe,thisisaquestion.生存還是滅亡,這是個(gè)問(wèn)題。Itisbettertolaughthantocry.(表示對(duì)比)笑比哭好。67共124頁(yè)②不定式作表語(yǔ),其前面的主語(yǔ)從句中含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do時(shí),后面的to省略。Whathedidwaslosethegame.他能做的只有放棄比賽。③句中含有動(dòng)詞do時(shí),but,except,besides,suchas等后面to可省略。即“前有do,后省略to”。Don'tdoanythingsilly,suchasmarryhim.不要做像嫁給他這樣的傻事。68共124頁(yè)④主句含有不定式,后面有ratherthan,ratherthan后省略to。⑤Whynot,hadbetter,wouldrather,can'tbut等詞后省略to。Hecouldnotbutwalkhome.他沒有別的選擇,只好步行回家。69共124頁(yè)(9)不定式的替代多用在同一句或聯(lián)系緊密的對(duì)話中,為了避免重復(fù),作賓語(yǔ)或主補(bǔ),賓補(bǔ)的不定式再次出現(xiàn)時(shí),to后的內(nèi)容常承前省略(只保留to即可)。但如果承前省略的不定式有助動(dòng)詞have或be任何形式,后應(yīng)該保留原形be或have。Susanisnotwhatsheusedtobe.蘇珊是跟以前不一樣了。70共124頁(yè)—Youcamelatelastnight.Yououghttohavefinishedyourhomework.—IknowIoughttohave.—昨晚你來(lái)晚了。你本應(yīng)該完成你的作業(yè)?!抑牢覒?yīng)該完成。常見的有:I'dlike/love/behappyto。71共124頁(yè)注意:非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法是高中階段的又一個(gè)難點(diǎn),內(nèi)容較多,但一定要掌握這樣幾方面:一是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式,包括一般式和完成式及其它們的被動(dòng)形式和否定形式;二是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。在平時(shí)閱讀和練習(xí)中要注意體會(huì)它們?cè)谡Z(yǔ)境中的用法。72共124頁(yè)語(yǔ)法:but+不定式(1)在...nothingbut...結(jié)構(gòu)中,若but前有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do,but后的動(dòng)詞要用原形;若but前沒有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do,but后要用todo不定式。(2)在can'tbut...(禁不住……,情不自禁……)和can'thelp/choosebut...(只能……)結(jié)構(gòu)中,but后要用動(dòng)詞原形。73共124頁(yè)活學(xué)巧練:(1)(2007·遼寧)ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,whowasreported________theworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdlerace.A.breakingB.havingbrokenC.tohavebrokenD.tobreak答案:C74共124頁(yè)(2)Ithinkyou'llgrow________himwhenyouknowhimbetter.A.likingB.tobelikeC.tolikeD.tobeliking答案:C75共124頁(yè)(3)AIDSissaid________thebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomeninthatareaoverthepastfewyears.A.thatitis B.tobeC.thatithasbeenD.tohavebeen答案:D76共124頁(yè)(4)Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly________thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told答案:B77共124頁(yè)(5)—IsBobstillperforming?—I'mafraidnot.Heissaid__________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobeleft答案:A78共124頁(yè)考題演練1.Weareinvitedtoaparty________inourclubnextFriday.A.tobeheld B.heldC.beingheld D.holding答案與解析:A本題考查不定式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。解答這類題時(shí),一定要弄清非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和被修飾詞之間的邏輯關(guān)系。party和hold之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,由句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nextFriday可知應(yīng)用表示將來(lái)的不定式短語(yǔ)tobeheld作后置定語(yǔ)。79共124頁(yè)2.—HowcanIapplyforanonlinecourse?—Justfilloutthisformandwe________whatwecandoforyou.A.see B.areseeingC.haveseen D.willsee答案與解析:D本題考查“祈使句+and+簡(jiǎn)單句”結(jié)構(gòu),此結(jié)構(gòu)中的祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件句,and后的分句一般用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。80共124頁(yè)3.________theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A.Completing B.HavingcompletedC.Tohavecompleted D.Tocomplete答案與解析:D本題考查動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式作狀語(yǔ)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),判斷空格處在句中所作成分,然后再作出選擇。Tocompletetheprojectintime為動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行;B項(xiàng)表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)之前,兩者均不符合句意;C項(xiàng)常用在某些固定句式中。句意:為了按時(shí)完成工程,全體員工周末都在上班。81共124頁(yè)4.—Couldyoubesokindastoclosethewindow?—________.A.Withpleasure B.GoaheadC.Yes,please D.That'sOK答案與解析:A本題考查情景交際。學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中要多讀、多背,仔細(xì)揣摩東西方文化之間的差異,避免受漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣的影響。問(wèn)句句意:你能幫忙關(guān)上窗子嗎?withpleasure十分樂(lè)意,用于回答別人的請(qǐng)求,符合題意;goahead前進(jìn);干吧;走吧;說(shuō)吧;Yes,please和問(wèn)句自相矛盾;That'sOK行,好吧,均不合題意。82共124頁(yè)5.Allthedishesinthismenu,________otherwisestated,willservetwotothreepeople.A.as B.ifC.though D.unless答案與解析:D本題考查連詞。應(yīng)正確把握各個(gè)連詞的意義及用法。句意為:除非有特別的說(shuō)明,要不然這個(gè)菜單上的所有菜只供2~3人食用。unless“如果不……,除非……”,符合句意。83共124頁(yè)6.Hesaidthatveryclearlysothatnobodywasinany________aboutwhatwasmeant.A.doubt B.caseC.question D.wonder答案與解析:A句意:他說(shuō)的很明確了,因此沒有人對(duì)他的意思表示懷疑。doubt懷疑;case情況;question問(wèn)題,疑問(wèn);wonder驚訝,奇跡。84共124頁(yè)7.—I'mstillworkingonmyproject.—Oh,you'llmissthedeadline.Timeis________.A.runningout B.goingoutC.givingout D.losingout答案與解析:A本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的意義辨析。runout(時(shí)間、金錢等的)耗盡;giveout意為“精疲力竭”,由句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。85共124頁(yè)8.—Didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded?—Yes.But________it,Ihadtoreadtheentirebook.A.tofind B.findC.tobefinding D.finding答案與解析:A本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)??崭裉幩诘木渥泳湟鉃椋菏堑模菫榱苏业剿?,我不得不閱讀了整本書。表示目的要用動(dòng)詞不定式形式。由于不表示正在進(jìn)行,故不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。86共124頁(yè)9.(2008·安徽)—Haveyougotanyparticularplansforthecomingholiday?—Yes.__________,I'mgoingtovisitsomehomesfortheoldinthecity.A.Ifever B.IfbusyC.Ifanything D.Ifpossible答案與解析:D句意:“對(duì)于即將到來(lái)的假期你有什么特別的計(jì)劃嗎?”“有。如果可能的話,我打算拜訪一下城市里的一些敬老院?!盇項(xiàng)“如果曾經(jīng)有的話”;B項(xiàng)“如果忙的話”;C項(xiàng)不是固定結(jié)構(gòu);D項(xiàng)“如果可能的話”。87共124頁(yè)Module4SandstormsinAsia88共124頁(yè)Ⅰ.根據(jù)句意,用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空f(shuō)orecastchemicaldesertificationcyclefrightenmajorscaryurgeexperienceprotect1.Thesandstormthatoccurredseveralweeksagowasamongthemost________.答案:frightening2.________isoneofthecausesofsandstorms.答案:Desertification89共124頁(yè)3.Anotherbigsandstorm________intoday'sweatherreport.答案:hasbeenforecast4.________inarealsandstormisquitedangerous.答案:Tocycle5.Nowadayspeopleusetoomany________intheirlife,whichisbadfortheenvironment.答案:chemicals90共124頁(yè)6.Thedoctor________metohaveanX-raytest,andthen,hecouldmakeaconclusion.答案:urged7.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplediedinthe________earthquakeinTangshanin1976.答案:major8.Mybrotherisan________travellerwhileIseldomtravel.答案:experienced91共124頁(yè)9.Wemusttakemeasuresto________ourriversfrombeingpolluted.答案:protect10.Whatagreat________youhavegivenme!答案:scare92共124頁(yè)Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空1.Insummer,you'dbetterwearsun-glasses________youreyes________beinghurt.A.toguard;fromB.todefend;fromC.toprotect;from D.toprevent;from答案與解析:C此題考查易混詞語(yǔ)辨析。句意為“戴太陽(yáng)鏡以防眼睛受傷害”,即“保護(hù)眼睛”。因此選C項(xiàng)。93共124頁(yè)2.Hehas________letterstodealwith.Hehastoworkfrommorningtonight.A.much B.a(chǎn)greatdealofC.massesof D.thenumberof答案與解析:C本題考查易混短語(yǔ)辨析。A、B、C三項(xiàng)都可修飾不可數(shù)名詞,但C項(xiàng)同時(shí)也可修飾可數(shù)名詞。句中l(wèi)etters為可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故選C項(xiàng)。D項(xiàng)意為“……的數(shù)量”,anumberof才修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),意為“大量的”。94共124頁(yè)3.Themancaught________inthesupermarketwassenttoprison.A.stealing B.stealC.stole D.stolen答案與解析:Acaughtstealinginthesupermarket是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作theman的定語(yǔ),becaughtstealing意思是“偷盜被捉住”,stealing是現(xiàn)在分詞。95共124頁(yè)4.(2008·北京)Ifeelgreatlyhonored__________intotheirsociety.A.towelcome B.welcomingC.tobewelcomed D.welcomed答案與解析:Cwelcome與“I”之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故welcome須用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。該句語(yǔ)意相當(dāng)于Ifeelitagreathonortobewelcomedintotheirsociety.。本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)之間的邏輯關(guān)系。96共124頁(yè)5.Ifyoudon't________yoursmoking,Iwill________yoursupply.A.cutup;cutdown B.cutdown;cutoffC.cutin;cutoff D.cutin;cutup答案與解析:B本題考查cut相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)之間的辨析。本句意為“如果你不削減抽煙量,我就切斷對(duì)你的供應(yīng)”。97共124頁(yè)6.AlthoughIhadgreatdifficulty________,hesworethathewasnotasleep.A.pickinghimupB.makinghimupC.wakinghimupD.takinghimup答案與解析:C本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析,pickup意為“拾起,撿起”,makeup意為“編造,化妝”,takeup意為“占去,從事”。由下文可知此處應(yīng)是“把他弄醒”,故選擇C項(xiàng)。98共124頁(yè)7.Theweathermansaidthathecould________.Itwouldbecloudyandwindytomorrow.A.hope B.expectC.wish D.forecast答案與解析:D本題考查同義詞之間的辨析。hope意為“希望”;expect意為“期望”,常用于expectsth./sb.todosth.或跟that從句;wish表示“祝愿,希望”;而本題中應(yīng)是“預(yù)測(cè)”之意,故選擇forecast。99共124頁(yè)8.IwonderhowIcan________theirquarrelassoonaspossible.A.cometoanendB.bringtoanendC.comeanendtoD.bringanendto答案與解析:D本題考查同義短語(yǔ)之間的辨析。cometoanend用作不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),其后不能跟賓語(yǔ),此句可說(shuō)bringtheirquarreltoanend或bringanendtotheirquarrel,因此選擇D項(xiàng)。100共124頁(yè)9.Thetwomethodsthatyouarereferringtoare________identical.A.takeneffect B.ineffectC.withouteffect D.ofnoeffect答案與解析:B本題考查effect短語(yǔ)之間的辨析。因?yàn)榫浜笫切稳菰~,故首先排除A項(xiàng)。本句意為“你所提及的這兩個(gè)方法實(shí)際是相同的”。ineffect正是此意,因此應(yīng)選擇B項(xiàng)。101共124頁(yè)10.Ourmindscannot________suchproblemsallatonce.A.takein B.takeawayC.takeup D.takeon答案與解析:A本題考查同義短語(yǔ)之間的辨析。本句意為“對(duì)這樣的問(wèn)題,我們的腦子還不能馬上就理解”。102共124頁(yè)11.Youhave________agoodchanceofwinningthematch.A.givenin B.givenoffC.givenout D.givenaway答案與解析:D本題考查同義短語(yǔ)之間的辨析。本句意為“你已失去了一個(gè)贏得比賽的良機(jī)”。giveaway可作“發(fā)放,贈(zèng)予,放棄(機(jī)會(huì))”等講。103共124頁(yè)12.InScandinaviancountriesitiscommon________forthehusbandtostayathometolookafterthebady.A.use B.senseC.practice D.idea答案與解析:Cpractice指慣例,習(xí)慣做法,而commonsense指常識(shí)。104共124頁(yè)13.ProfessorWhitehaswrittensomeshortstories,butheis________knownforhisnovels.A.thebest B.moreC.better D.themost答案與解析:C本題考查固定短語(yǔ)中比較級(jí)的用法。短語(yǔ)原形為bewellknownfor,此題含有比較意,即拿hisplays與shortstories比較,well的比較級(jí)為better,故選擇C項(xiàng)。105共124頁(yè)13.________abetterunderstandingofthecity,heacted________ourguidewhilewearetravellingthere.A.For;likeB.By;likeC.With;asD.For;as答案與解析:C此題考查介詞的用法。with意為having,引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ);actas擔(dān)當(dāng),擔(dān)任。106共124頁(yè)14.Thefluisbelieved________byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.A.causing B.beingcausedC.tobecaused D.behavecaused答案與解析:C本題考查句型“sb./sth.isbelievedtodo”,意為“據(jù)相信人們……”,又因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)theflu與謂語(yǔ)cause之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以選擇C項(xiàng)。此句可以和“Peoplebelieve...”及“It'sbelievedthat...”轉(zhuǎn)換。107共124頁(yè)15.________,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn,themoreequippedforlifeyouare.A.AsfarasIconcernB.AsfarasIamconcernedC.SofarasIamconcerningD.SofarasIwasconcerned答案與解析:B句意為:就我而言,教育就是學(xué)習(xí),你學(xué)得越多,為生活做的準(zhǔn)備就越充分。so/asfaras...beconcerned為固定短語(yǔ),意為“就……而言/來(lái)說(shuō)”,根據(jù)后分句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。108共124頁(yè)Ⅲ.翻譯句子1.那是我經(jīng)歷過(guò)的最可怕,最危險(xiǎn)的情況,我將永遠(yuǎn)忘不了它。(experience)________________________________________________________________________答案:ItwasthemostfrighteningandthemostdangeroussituationI'veeverexperiencedandIwillneverforgetit.109共124頁(yè)2.暴風(fēng)雨有時(shí)持續(xù)一整天,車輛開得很慢,因?yàn)闈鉂獾膲m埃降低了能見度。(makeitdifficultto...)________________________________________________________________________答案:Thestormssometimescontinuealldayandtrafficmovesveryslowlybecausethethickdustmakesitdifficulttosee.110共124頁(yè)3.在沙塵暴中騎車真可怕,任建波永遠(yuǎn)忘不了那種經(jīng)歷。(experience)________________________________________________________________________答案:Tobecyclinginasandstormwasfrightening,whichwasanexperienceRenJianbowouldneverforget.111共124頁(yè)4.為了防止沙漠進(jìn)一步侵近,政府已經(jīng)采取了很多措施,例如植樹。(takemeasures)_______________________________________________答案:Topreventthedesertcomingnearer,manymeasureshavebeentaken,suchasplantingtrees.5.ItoldGrandpaweweregoingaway,butIdon'tthinkhetookitin._______________________________________________答案:我告訴爺爺我們要走了,但我認(rèn)為他并沒有聽明白。112共124頁(yè)Ⅳ.閱讀理解Asmodernlifehasbecomemorecomfortableandconvenient,therehasbeenagrowingtrendtousethingsonceandthenthrowthemaway.Manykindsofenvironmentalproblemshavebeencausedbythis,_includingairandwaterpollution,destructionofthenaturalenvironment,globalwarming,andagreatdealofwaste.113共124頁(yè)EnvironmentalprotectionisanimportanttasknotonlyforJapanbutalsoforthewholeworld.LedbytheJapanesegovernment,Japanesepeoplearemakinggreateffortsforenvironmentalprotection.Thepriceoftheconvenienceofmodernlifeisthegenerationofalotofwaste.Japanhasmadegreatprogressincuttingdowntheamountofwasteandrecyclingusedproducts.TherecyclingofcansandplasticbottlesisespeciallywellestablishedinJapan.114共124頁(yè)Comfortablelivesrequirealotofenergy,includingelectricity,gas,andgasoline.Generatingelectricityandoperatingmachinesbyburningfuelslikeoilandcoalreleasescarbondioxideandothergasesintotheair,andcausesproblemslikeglobalwarmingandairpollution.Globalwarmingisaproblem.Inordertopreventit,theamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesmustbereduced.Japanisactivelydevelopingandintro

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